Unit 1 Laugh out loud Grammar 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 課件高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

Unit1Non-definingattributiveclausesTolearntheuseofnon-definingattributiveclausesToknowthedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenrestrictiveattributiveclausesandnon-definingattributiveclausesToapplynon-definingattributiveclauses常用who,whom,which,whose,as,when,where等關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。①M(fèi)yhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotabeautifulgarden.②ThisnotebookwasleftbyTomwhowashereamomentago.一、引導(dǎo)詞非限制性定語(yǔ)從句看有無(wú)“逗號(hào)”1.當(dāng)關(guān)系詞指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容時(shí)e.g.Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,whichworriedhisparentsverymuch.Thebookisverytouching,asmostreaderssay.2.當(dāng)先行詞指的是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物或?qū)Ｓ忻~時(shí)。e.g.Jinan,whichisabeautifulcity,attractsmanyvisitorseveryday.JohnSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.二、何時(shí)使用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句？b3.當(dāng)先行詞指的是某人，如daughter,son,brother,sister等(表示只有一個(gè)親屬)。e.g.Ihaveanelderbother,whoworksinBeijing.

我有一個(gè)哥哥，他在北京工作。IhaveanelderbrotherwhoworksinBeijing.

我有一個(gè)在北京工作的哥哥。

（說(shuō)明我可能還有其他兄弟姐妹）三、as和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定從從句的區(qū)別e.g.Therehasn’tbeenanynewsabouthimsincehelefthome,whichupsetsme.Asisknowntoall,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.=Smokingisharmfultoone’shealth,asisknowntoall.aswhich意義常用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事的態(tài)度、解釋或評(píng)論等，表示“正如……”一般表示某事的狀況或結(jié)果位置可以放在主句的前面或后面多放在主句之后用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。1.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,________itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.2.Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.3.MarywasmuchkindertoJack,________,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.wherewhose

which4.Ididn’tbecomeaseriousclimberuntillastyear,________Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.5.Iborrowedthebook

SherlockHolmes

fromthelibrarylastweek,________myclassmatesrecommendedtome.6.Aftertheflooding,people_________werestuckinthatareaurgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.

who/thatwhen

which限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間不能用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。e.g.Everyonewho/thatknowsJacklikeshim.LiuYing,whoisourmonitor,iskindandalwaysreadytohelpothers.一、形式不同限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行修飾和限制，如果去掉，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整、不明確或失去意義；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。e.g.Thewomanwhoyoumetjustnowismymother.ThestudentswenttothehospitaltoseeProfessorNora,whomtheyrespectgreatly.二、功能不同翻譯時(shí)，一般把限制性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前，而把非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句分開(kāi)翻譯。e.g.Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽車(chē)被盜的那個(gè)人。I’veinvitedMary,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀請(qǐng)了Mary，她就住在隔壁。三、翻譯不同1.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，而在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞一律不能省略；2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能由that引導(dǎo)。四、關(guān)系詞用法不同五、先行詞不同限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞常常是名詞或代詞；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子。2Readthepassageandrewritethetipsusingnon-definingattributiveclauses.Addmoretipstothelistifyoucan.SECRETSTOHAPPINESSAchievingapositivestateofmindisn’teasyforeveryone.Buttherearewaystomaintainahealthymindevenduringtimesofdifficulty.1)Goforawalkinthecountryside.Thereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.Goforawalkinthecountryside,whereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.2)Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends.Thiswillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.

Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends,whichwillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.3)Trytoacceptyourmistakes.Youcanlearnalotthroughthem.Trytoacceptyourmistakes,where/throughwhichyoucanlearnalot.4)Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture.You’vemadeyourdreamscometrue.Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture,whereyou'vemadeyourdreamscometrue.where通常用于指代地點(diǎn)或情境，但在這里，它抽象地指代了“在...的情況下”或“在...的方面”。3Completethejokewiththesentencepartsintheboxusingwho/whichandputcommasinthecorrectposition.haslosthispatiencebynowhethinkswillimpressHolmesislyingnexttohimhefindsannoyingOneday,SherlockHolmesandDrWatsongocamping.Theyputuptheirtentunderthestarsandgotosleep.Suddenly,inthemiddleofthenight,WatsoniswokenupbyHolmes1______________________.“Watson,”Holmessays,“l(fā)ookupatthestars,andtellmewhattheytellyou.”Notquitesurewhathemeans,WatsonthinksHolmesisjoking2______________________atthistimeofnight.,whoislyingnexttohimhaslosthispatiencebynowhethinkswillimpressHolmesislyingnexttohimhefindsannoying,whichhefindsannoyingEvenso,hereplies,“Iseemillionsofstarsandit’squitelikelytherearesomeplanetslikeEarth.Andifso,thismeansthattheremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.”Watsonispleasedwithhisanswer3_________________________________.ButHolmes4______________________________shouts,“Watson,lookaroundyou!Useyoureyes!Somebody’sstolenourtent!”,whichhethinkswillimpressHolmes,whohaslosthispatiencebynowhaslosthispatiencebynowhethinkswillimpressHolmesislyingnexttohimhefindsannoyingWatsonispleasedwithhisanswer,whichhethinkswillimpressHolmes.impress

v.

tomakesomeonefeeladmirationandrespect

使欽佩;使留下深刻印象【歸納】impresssb.with/bysth.給……留下深刻印象impresssth.onsb.使某人意識(shí)到某事的重要性e.g.Jackimpress