《課時把關練》英語選擇性必修第三冊RJUNIT 4 Part I Reading and Thinking含答案

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE第課時把關練PartIReadingandThinking基礎知識練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Holidaysareexpensiveand，forthoseonloww（工資），theyareoftenunobtainable.2.Losingthebasketballmatchlastweekwasab（激烈而不愉快的）disappointmentfortheteam.3.Isaidgoodbyetomyfriendashegota（上，登上）thetrainatBeijingRailwayStation.4.Theyenjoyedanincomeandlifestylethatmanypeoplewoulde（羨慕）.5.Hesawthecornerofamagazinestickingoutfromundertheb（毛毯）.6.Wemustfindwaystoassureourchildrenad（相當不錯的）startinlife.7.Thereformsaremotivatedbyag（真正的）concernforthedisabled.8.Myhearts（下沉）becauseIthoughthewasgoingtoleavemebehind.Ⅱ.用所給短語的適當形式填空dreamof，keepup，setoff，turnback，turndown，stickin，afterall，fullofvigour1.Thelittlegirlhasseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.2.Nowadaysmanyyoungpeoplefromthecountrysidefindinggoodjobsinbigcities.3.DuringSpringFestival，peopleliketofirecrackersandputupspringcoupletsonthedoor.4.Atdusk，IwalkedasfarasthelakeandthenImadeupmymindto.5.Mr.Smithwasthirtyminuteslateforthemeetingbecausehehadbeentrafficjam.6.Facedwithchallenges，you’dbetteragoodstateofmind.7.Idon’tknowwhyyouaresoconcerned—itisn’tyourproblem.8.Youngpeople，andvitality，arelikethesunateightornineinthemorning.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Inmyopinion，thereisnoevidenceindicatingthatheisa（qualify）doctor.2.BeforeIenteredthecompetition，Ihadmixedprogramofstrengthand（endure）training.3.Iwasalwaysan（enthusiasm）reader，sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.4.NeverwillIforgetmyfirst（assign）attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.5.Ifyoudon’thaveanaim，youwilldriftlikean（abandon）shipatsea.6.Heaskedmetotakefewer（belong）astherewaslittleroomleftinourcar.7.Withfaithand（persevere），Goodallfinallyovercameallthedifficulties.8.Theymadea（resolve）togoclimbingMountTaionSunday.Ⅳ.一句多譯1.我下火車時碰巧在下雨，因此只好乘出租車。①itwasrainingwhenIgotoffthetrainandIhadtotakeataxi.（it作形式主語）②IthappenedwhenIgotoffthetrainandIhadtotakeataxi.（動詞不定式短語）2.沒有你的幫助，我不可能取得這么大的進步。①，Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.（without）②Ifyoume，Iwouldnotsuchgreatprogress.（if引導的虛擬條件句）3.能有機會參加這次會議被認為是很大的榮耀。①Peopleagreathonortohaveachancetoattendtheconference.（it作形式賓語）②agreathonortohaveachancetoattendtheconference.（it作形式主語）4.他給我們講的這個故事多么有趣?。、賖eistellingus!（what引導的感嘆句）②heistellingus!（how引導的感嘆句）5.樹上的蘋果太高了，我夠不著。①Theapplesonthetreeare.（too...to...句式）②Theapplesonthetreearethem.（so...that...句式）能力提升練=5\*ROMANV.課文語法填空MynameisPerceBlackborowandIhavebeendreamingof1.expeditiontotheSouthPolewithSirErnestShackleton.Oneday，IreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedi-tioninthenewspaper，butwhenI2.（apply）tojoinit，IwasturneddownbecauseIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.Igotaboardtheshipwithout3.（permit）andhidinasmallcupboard，but4.（discover）threedayslater.Shackletonassignedmetobeasteward，andIcookedfortwenty-eightmen.How5.（excite）Iwas.Thejourneywas6.（hard）thanIexpected.WhenwewentnearAntarctica，ourshipbecame7.（stick）intheiceandgotcrushed.Beforeabandoningtheship，wewereonlyallowedtotakesomeofournecessitiesandhadtothrowawaytherest.Wewerecampingontheice，butwithspring8.（come），theicewouldbegintomelt.Wehadbeenstrugglingfordays，buttheconditionsonElephantIslandweregoingfrombadtoworse.ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland，9.was1，320kilometresaway.Therewasnofoodontheislandexceptasealorapenguinwesometimescaught.Iwasinlowspirits.However，withthegenuineconcernofFrankandErnest，Iwasfilledwithhopeandthoughttherewasachancewewouldreturnhome，10.all.VI.閱讀理解AThankstoitsharshenvironment，Antarcticaremainedlargelyuntouchedbyhumansformanymillennia（千年），allowingathrivingecosystemtoevolve.However，sincethe1990s，thelasttruewildernessontheplanetisbecominganincreasinglypopulardestinationforadventure-seekingtourists.Now，anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastateallofthearea’snativebirdpopulation.Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.Researchers，however，believedthattheAntarcticanimalswereimmunetothedangerduetothecontinent’sextremeweather.However，microbiologistMartaCerda-Cuellarwasnotconvinced.SheandsomecolleaguesdecidedtoexaminewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsforevidenceofhumanbacteria.Toensurethewastewasnotpolluted，thescientistshadtocollectitfromthebirdsthemselves.Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.Thisincludedacommonstrain（品種）ofbacteriathatcausesfoodpoisoninginhumans.Theresearcherssaidthebacteriastrainswereresistanttocommonly-usedhumanantibiotics，indicatingtheywerebroughtinbythevisitors，ratherthanmigratorybirds.“Thesestrains，whichareacommoncauseforinfectionsinhumansandlivestock，donotusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals，”saysGonzalezSolis.“However，theemergingofinvasivepathogens（病原體）thatarrivetohighlysensitivepopulationscouldhavesevereconsequencesandcausethelocalcollapseandextinctionofsomepopulations.”Theresearcheralsofearsthepresenceofthesebugscouldforeshadow（預示）thearrivalofother，moredeadly，pathogensasthenumberoftouristsincreases.Expertsbelievetheonlywaytopreventthemassdestructionofthebirdsistoimposestricterregulationsor，atleast，puttheonesalreadyinplaceintoeffect.Forexample，whiletheAntarcticaTreatyrequiresvisitorstocarrytheirwastebackhometosafeguardthepristine（原始純凈的）environment，theregulationisrarelyenforced.Fortunately，nowadayssomeofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerable（容易受傷的）birdsbeforeit’stoolate.1.WhatproblemisAntarcticafacingaccordingtoParagraphs1&2?A.Theincreasingnumberofbirds. B.Theworseningwilderness.C.Thereplacednativebirdspecies. D.Thespreadofinfectiousillnesses.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastate”mean?A.Reject. B.Protect. C.Destroy. D.Benefit.3.WhatdoweknowaboutthewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsthescientistscollected?A.Therewereseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthem.B.Migratorybirdsbroughtthesestrainsofbacteriain.C.Thestrainsusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals.D.Theinvasivepathogenswillbecomemoredeadlyonessoon.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofbirdpopulationinAntarctica?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous. D.Optimistic.BIwasshockedatthenewsthatDaisy-MayDemetre，9，becamethefirstchilddoubleamputee（截肢）towalkontherunwayatNewYorkFashionWeekinSeptemberonthetopoftheEiffelTower.Daisy-May，ofBirmingham，wasbornwithfibularhemimelia（腓骨半肢畸形）.Theconditionisrare，occurringin1in50，000births.Whenshewas18monthsold，Daisy-May’sparentschosetohavebothoftheyounggirl’slegsamputated—therightabovethekneeandtheleftbelowtheknee—inthehopesofgivingherabetterqualityoflifewithprosthetics（假肢）.Lateron，sheusedprostheticlegstohelpherwalkandmove.“Wehadthechoiceforhertolivelikethatortogofortheoperation，”Alex，Daisy-May’sfather，said.“Wedidn’tknowatthetimethatDaisy-Maywouldbeasgoodassheisnow.Insteadofbeingdiscouragedbyprostheticlegs，sheisinspiringeveryonebyshowingthemwhosheis.”Sheis，inmanyways，justlikeanyfifth-grader.Inschool，sheprefersEnglishovermath，andlovesgymnastics.Sheisagymnastaswellasamodel.Butit’shermovesontherunwaythatshedthemostconfidence.She’sbeenmodellingfor18monthsandhasalreadydominatedLondonFashionWeek，havingworkedforseveralhighstreetbrandsintheUK.ShewasevennamedChildofCourageinthePrideofBirminghamAwardsforinspiringotherchildrentodreambiginthefaceofimmensechallenges.IntheopinionofDaisy-May’sfather，modellingdoesn’tdefineDaisy-May.Rather，it’sasmallpartofwhosheis.ShejustdoesDaisy.Itisthewayshegoesaboutlifewithasmileonherface.Whetherit’sdancing，singing—sheisaveryspeciallittlegirl.5.WhatcausedDaisy-Maytomissherbothlegswhilestillababy?A.Ararebirthillness. B.Anexpectedaccident.C.AParisFashionShow. D.Anunsuccessfuloperation.6.WhatcanweconcludefromParagraph3?A.Daisy-Maywasunwillingtogoforanoperation.B.Daisy-Maywasdisappointedbyhermissinglegs.C.Daisy-May’sfatherthinksDaisy-Mayisamazing.D.Daisy-May’sfatherconsidersDaisy-Mayismodest.7.WhichactionmadeDaisy-Mayshowhermostconfidence?A.SpeakingEnglishfluently. B.Workingoutmathproblems.C.Doinggraceful（優(yōu)雅的）gymnastics. D.Walkingontherunwayasamodel.8.Inherfather’sopinion，whatmakesDaisy-Maytoday?A.Singinganddancinginaspecialway.B.Takingonlifewithasmileonherface.C.Pursuingherdreamofbecomingaglobalinspiration.D.Beingdeterminedtobeaworld-famousmodel.VII.完形填空Thelossofsightcanbedevastating（毀滅性的），particularlyfordogs.Whiletherearemanytoolstohelp1disabledpeople，mostofourfurryfriendswithlimitedsightaren’taslucky.Thiswasespeciallyaproblemfora14-year-oldblinddognamedTerfel，whohadtostayinhisdogbedmostofthetimetokeep2，whichwasnota（n）3lifeforhimtobehealthy.4，everythinghaschangedinhislifesincehemetanunlikelyfriend!Oneday，Judy，Terfel’sowner，5ahomelesscatshenamedPudditat.Hewasa6catandnotverynicetoJudy’sothercats.Buthedidmakeonefriendathisnewhome—Terfel.Andtheirrelationshipwastruly7!Thisfriendshipwentfar8justafewlate-eveningsnuggles（依偎）inthesharedbed.Pudditattookonanother9entirelyinTerfel’slife—heofferedhis10asaseeingeyecat!What’smore，Pudditatdidn’t11himselftohelpingTerfelavoidbumpingintothings.Healso12hisfriendoutdoors.It’s13tothinkwhattheirlivesmighthavebeenlikewithoutoneanother!WithoutPudditat，Terfelwouldhaveundoubtedly14indoors.AndPudditatwouldhavelikelylivedalifeoflonelinesswithnointerestinhiscatcompanions.15，thatwasn’tthecase!1.A.mentally B.permanently C.seriously D.visually2.A.alive B.warm C.safe D.strong3.A.desiring B.entire C.simple D.peaceful4.A.Besides B.Furthermore C.However D.Therefore5.A.gaveaway B.putaway C.adapted D.adopted6.A.lonely B.fierce C.friendly D.brave7.A.complex B.strange C.unique D.common8.A.beyond B.into C.against D.over9.A.aspect B.appearance C.form D.role10.A.foods B.greetings C.skills D.services11.A.contribute B.limit C.devote D.oppose12.A.guided B.followed C.allowed D.trained13.A.formal B.normal C.hard D.natural14.A.stayedup B.wastedaway C.sloweddown D.movedon15.A.Similarly B.Hopefully C.Surprisingly D.Thankfully課時把關練PartIReadingandThinking參考答案Ⅰ.1.wages2.bitter3.aboard4.envy5.blanket6.decent7.genuine8.sankⅡ.1.turneddown?2.dreamof?3.setoff?4.turnback5.stuckin?6.keepup?7.afterall?8.fullofvigourⅢ.1.qualified句意：在我看來，沒有證據(jù)表明他是個合格的醫(yī)生。所填詞修飾名詞，所以用形容詞形式。2.endurance句意：我在參賽之前做了一些混合性的包括力量和耐力的訓練。根據(jù)前面的strength可知，此處應用名詞，所以填endurance。3.enthusiastic句意：我一直是個熱心的讀者，小時候有時一天讀三本書。由語境可知，此處要填形容詞形式。4.assignment句意：我永遠不會忘記我在一家暢銷英文報紙的辦公室的第一項工作任務。所填詞作賓語，所以用名詞形式。5.abandoned句意：如果沒有目標，你就會像大海上的棄船一樣隨波逐流。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“被遺棄的”，所以用abandoned。6.belongings句意：他讓我少拿點兒財物，因為在我們的車里幾乎沒有空間了。所填詞作賓語，所以用名詞形式。根據(jù)fewer可知，該詞要用復數(shù)形式。7.perseverance句意：憑著信心和毅力，古德爾終于戰(zhàn)勝了一切困難。所填詞作介詞的賓語，所以用名詞形式。8.resolution句意：他們決定周日去爬泰山。makearesolution意為“決定，下決心”。Ⅳ.1.①Itsohappenedthat?it是形式主語，that引導的是主語從句。②toberaining?動詞不定式的進行時。happentobedoingsth.碰巧在做某事。2.①Withoutyourhelp?without是介詞，意為“沒有”。②hadn’thelped，havemade?if引導的虛擬條件句，表示與過去事實相反的假設，所以用過去完成時。3.①considerit?it是形式賓語，代替后面的動詞不定式短語。②Itisconsidered?it是形式主語，代替后面的動詞不定式短語。4.①Whataninterestingstory感嘆句的中心詞是名詞時，要用“what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”形式。②Howinterestingastory?感嘆句的中心詞是形容詞時，要用“how+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”形式。5.①toohightoreach?too...to...意為“太……而不能……”。②sohighthatIcan’treach?so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，引導結(jié)果狀語從句。=5\*ROMANV.【語篇解讀】本文主要記敘了作者在去南極探險的路上遇險并頑強活下去的經(jīng)歷。1.anexpedition是讀音以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，此處是泛指，所以填an。2.applied講述過去發(fā)生的事情要用一般過去時。3.permissionwithout是介詞，后接名詞作賓語。4.wasdiscovered?I和discover之間構(gòu)成被動關系，又因為全篇都在講述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。5.excited此處表示作者的心理感受，所以用excited。6.harder根據(jù)than可知，此處要用比較級。7.stuckbecomestuckin...被困在……8.coming此處是“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，spring和come之間為主動關系，所以用動詞-ing形式。9.which先行詞是事物，關系詞引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，所以用which。10.afterafterall是固定短語，意為“畢竟，終歸”。VI.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述由于南極洲的寒冷，人類幾千年來沒有踏足。然而，自20世紀90年代以來，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成為探險游客的熱門目的地。一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)游客們可能留下有害細菌，影響鳥類的生存?？茖W家對此做了研究，建議限制人類旅游的數(shù)量。1.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now，anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastateallofthearea’snativebirdpopulation.”以及第二段第一句“Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.”可知，南極洲面臨傳染病傳播的問題。2.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中thevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteria（參觀者可能留下了有害的細菌）和劃線詞后面的allofthearea’snativebirdpopulation（所有當?shù)伉B類的數(shù)量）及常識推知，細菌會“摧毀”鳥類種群。3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.”可知，科學家收集的南極鳥類的糞便樣本中有幾種人類細菌。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Fortunately，nowadayssomeofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerablebirdsbeforeit’stoolate.”可知，現(xiàn)在一些官員正在采取措施挽救脆弱的鳥類，由此可知，作者對南極洲鳥類種群的前景持樂觀態(tài)度?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是黛西·梅患了先天性罕見疾病，導致她失去了雙腿，但她成為第一個在紐約時裝周埃菲爾鐵塔頂端走秀的雙腿截肢兒童，這一消息讓人震驚。帶著微笑面對生活讓黛西有了今天的快樂。5.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，黛西·梅患了先天性罕見疾病，導致她失去了雙腿。6.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Wedidn’tknowatthetimethatDaisy-Maywouldbeasgoodassheisnow.”和sheisinspiringeveryonebyshowingthemwhosheis可知，黛西·梅的父親認為她很了不起。7.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句可知，作為模特走在T臺上讓黛西·梅展示了她最自信的一面。8.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，特別是“ShejustdoesDaisy.Itisthewayshegoesaboutlifewithasmileonherface.”可知，在她父親看來，