2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語單元素養(yǎng)提升四Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars含解析新人教版必修3

PAGE單元素養(yǎng)提升(四)Unit4Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Thisisoneofthereasonswhyoperatorslovethosesystems(system).2.Uponlisteningtotheabruptnews,hisheartisbeating(beat)violentlyinherbreast.3.Frequentexposingtobadaircanharmfully(harm)influenceone’swell-being.4.Doyoureallybelieveintheexistence(exist)ofgod,whichisbelievedbymanypeople?5.Prevention(prevent)ofhealth-riskybehaviorsamongtheyoungstersshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.6.Itriedtopuzzle(puzzle)thematterout,butasyouknow,allisinvaineventually.

7.Hesucceededinpulling(pull)throughtheillness,whichisbeyondtheimaginationofallpeople.8.Hiswordwasreceivedwithloudcheers(cheer),whilethenextcandidatewasontheopposite.9.Theplanewascarrying250passengerswhenitcrashed(crash).10.Theastonishing(astonish)factisthatsomeeggsarelaiduponhispillow.Ⅱ.選詞填空billionsof,cheerup,nowthat,watchoutfor,laydown,breakout,preventsb.from,blockout,amountsof,givebirthto1.Thereissomuchcloud,whichalmostblocksoutthesky.

2.Ihadintendedtocallonyou,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.

3.Thesunhasbeenemittingenergyatthisrateforbillionsofyears.

4.Watchoutforharmfulbehaviorsanddealwiththemthemomenttheycropup.

5.AllTVstationsspecializeintimewasting,whichisafactthatamountsofaudienceknow.

6.Intheend,theenemywereurgedtolaydowntheirarms.

7.Unclesaidloudly,“Nowthatyouarehere,you’dbetterstay.”

8.Althoughquitesmall,thistowngavebirthtomanygreatmen.

9.Tryandcheerupabit,youngman,andlifeisn’tthatbad.

10.Warbrokeoutagain,pullingthepeopleintomiseryandsuffering.

Ⅲ.依據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.Thispaintingissplendid,butwhatweactuallyneed(我們真正須要的)isadifferentmatter.

2.Whetheryoulikeitornot(不管你是否喜愛它),you’llhavetogiveupsmoking.

3.Theydon’tallowsmokinghere(他們不允許在這里抽煙).Thatistosay,wearenotallowedtosmokehere.

4.AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas(在圣誕節(jié)到來的時候).

5.Thewayhediditwasdifferentfromwhatwewereusedto(與我們過去經(jīng)常運(yùn)用的方式不同).

6.Allthathappened(全部發(fā)生的事情)madeitpossibleforChinatosucceedincarryingonthereformandopening-uppolicy.

7.Becauseof(因?yàn)?whatyousaid,hegotveryangry.

8.Peoplewillbeencouragedtoeathealthyfood,nottosmokeandtodrinklessbeerandliquor(不要抽煙,且少喝啤酒和烈酒).

9.Theteacheraswellasanumberofstudentswasaskedtoattendtheparty(被要求去參與這個派對)yesterday.

10.Weneedtoimprovetheappearanceofournewproducts.(我們的新產(chǎn)品的外觀).

Ⅳ.閱讀理解AWhenIgrowupInkindergarten,myclasswasaskedtodrawpictures,showingwhatwewantedtobewhenwegrewup.Ourdrawingswereexpectedtodisplayourdreamoccupations.Irememberpicturesofballerinasdancing,firefightersputtingoutablaze,andastronautsleapingacrossthemoon.Mypictureshowedafigurewithbrownhairholdingaboxoforangejuicebesideacounter.Underneathwasmyhandwriting:“WhenIgrowup,IwanttoworkatMarketBasketbecauseitwouldbefuntoswipe(刷)orangejuiceacrossthescanner.”O(jiān)utofeverything,myfive-year-oldselfwishedtoworkatthelocalgrocerystore.Whenweareyoung,questionsofwhatwewanttobewhenwegrowuparecommon.Yetwearenotexpectedtorespondwithananswerthatislikelytocometrue.However,whenwebecometeens,weareaskedtheverysamequestionstwiceasoften.Thedifferenceisthatnowwearesupposedtoanswerwithconfidence.Teensareexpectedtoknowexactlywhatwewanttobeandhowwewillachievethatgoal.However,notallofuscanbesosure.EventhoughIaminhighschool,Icannotanswerwithcertainty.ButIdon’tconsiderthatabadthing.HowamIsupposedtoknowwhatIwillwanttospendmytimedoingatage40?WhenIthinkaboutthefuture,Idefinitelydon’tseemyselfworkingatMarketBasket,butinreality,ifthatwaswhatwouldmakemehappy,Iwoulddoit.So,thenexttimesomeoneasksmewhatIwanttobewhenIgrowup,Iwillsimplysay“happy”.Happinessisadestinationforeveryone.Wemaywanttowalkdifferentpathsinlife,butweallwanttobehappywhereverweendup.Chooseyourpath,butdon’tworrytoomuchaboutchoosingwisely.Makeamistakeortwoandtrynewthings.Butalwaysremember,ifyou’renothappy,you’renotattheendofyourjourneyyet.【文章大意】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在兒時想做一名收銀員,但就將來講,作者并不希望自己就真的在MarketBasket工作,而是想要簡潔的歡樂。1.Whatdidtheauthorwanttobewhenhewasinkindergarten?A.Anastronaut. B.Afirefighter.C.Adancer. D.Acashier.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的WhenIgrowup,IwanttoworkatMarketBasketbecauseitwouldbefuntoswipeorangejuiceacrossthescanner.長大后,作者想在MarketBasket工作,因?yàn)樵趻呙鑳x上刷橙汁會很好玩?？芍?當(dāng)作者還在幼兒園時想成為一個收銀員。2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.

A.kindergartnersareabletofindouttheirdreamjobswithconfidenceB.kindergartnershavelimitedimaginationoftheirdreamoccupationsC.teenagersaresupposedtobeclearaboutwhattheywanttobeD.teenagerssticktothepaththeychosewhentheywereyoung【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的However,whenwebecometeens,weareaskedtheverysamequestionstwiceasoften.Thedifferenceisthatnowwearesupposedtoanswerwithconfidence.可知作為青少年應(yīng)當(dāng)充溢自信地回答自己想達(dá)到的目標(biāo),從而推斷出青少年應(yīng)當(dāng)清晰自己想成為什么樣的人。3.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat______.

A.theprincipleofgrowthliesinhumanchoiceB.happinessisthemeaningofexistenceC.itisnevertoolatetocorrectmistakesD.yourfuturedependsonyourdreams【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的Happinessisadestinationforeveryone.Wemaywanttowalkdifferentpathsinlife,butweallwanttobehappywhereverweendup.(華蜜是每個人的歸宿。我們可能想在生活中走不同的路,但無論走到哪里,我們都想歡樂。)可推知作者會贊同“華蜜是存在的意義”這個說法。4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Differentstagesoflife. B.Careerguidance.C.Therealgoaloflife. D.Careerpaths.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,作者在兒時想做一名收銀員,但就將來講作者并不希望自己就真的在MarketBasket工作,而是想要簡潔的歡樂,故本文主要講的是“生活中真正的目標(biāo)”。BWalkthroughtheAmazonrainforesttodayandyouwillfinditsteamy,warm,dampandthick.Butifyouhadbeentherearound15,000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsmighthavereactedtothecold,dryclimateoftheiceages,buttillnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoreduceglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givenoffintheUKeachyear.ButhowwilltheAmazonreacttothefutureclimatechange?Ifitgetsdrier,willitsurviveandcontinuetodrawdownCO2?Scientistshopethattheywillbeabletolearninadvancehowtherainforestwillmanageinthefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforestsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.Unfortunately,collectinginformationisincrediblydifficult.Tostudythepastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollen(花粉)keptinlakemud.Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdeepdownintolakesediments(沉淀物),whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.Thereareveryfewroadsandpaths,orplacestolandhelicoptersandaeroplanes.Riverstendtobetheeasiestwaytoentertheforest,butthisstillleavesvastareasbetweentheriverscompletelyunsampled(未取樣).Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreactstoclimatechange.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家是如何在亞馬孫熱帶雨林工作的,以揭開亞馬孫熱帶雨林的神奇之處。5.Howdoscientistsstudythepastclimatechange?A.Bypredictingtheclimatechangeinthefuture.B.Bydrillingdeepdownintolandsediments.C.BytakingsamplesfromriversintheAmazon.D.Byanalyzingfossilizedpolleninlakemud.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中第三段Tostudythepastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollenkeptinlakemud.為了探討過去的氣候,科學(xué)家須要看保存在湖泥中的花粉化石。6.Whatisneededfordrillingdownintolakesediments?A.Thelatesthelicopter. B.Thespecialequipment.C.Thelightmachinery. D.Thenarrowpath.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中的第三段Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdeepdownintolakesediments,whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.回到上一個冰河時代意味著要向下鉆到湖泊沉淀物,這須要特地的設(shè)備和重型機(jī)械。C選項(xiàng)錯在light。7.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toattractmorepeople’sattentiontoCO2.B.Tocallonpeopletoprotectrainforests.C.Toinformpeopleofhowscientistsworkonrainforests.D.Towarnpeopletostayawayfromthedangerofrainforests.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。這是一篇科普文,通常寫作目的是供應(yīng)信息。A選項(xiàng)是吸引更多人對二氧化碳的留意,和文章無關(guān);B選項(xiàng)是號召人們愛護(hù)雨林,此文不是強(qiáng)調(diào)愛護(hù)雨林;D選項(xiàng)是警告人們遠(yuǎn)離雨林的危急,文章沒有講到雨林的危急。8.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe______.

A.MysteryoftheRainforestB.ClimatesoftheAmazonC.TheHistoryoftheRainforestD.ChangesoftheRainforest【解析】選A。主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段Butifyouhadbeentherearound15,000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsmighthavereactedtothecold,dryclimateoftheiceages,buttillnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.可知人們對于雨林怎樣應(yīng)對改變的天氣始終沒有找到滿足的答案,其次、三段講解并描述的是科學(xué)家采納不同的方法去檢測,但是沒有結(jié)果。所以標(biāo)題為《雨林的奇妙》是最恰當(dāng)?shù)?。B、C、D選項(xiàng)都僅僅是文章提到的部分信息。Ⅴ.語法填空Iwasintroubleinovercomingmyaddictiontoalcohol,and1.________wasmyfriendMike.Wenevermeteachotheruntilwecame2.________inthesametreatmentfacility.

Thenwe3.________(be)outofthetreatmentcenterforaboutayearandreturnedtoourlife.Finallywebecameinseparablefriendslikebrothers.Therewasneveratime4.________Icalledhimandhedidnotcallmerightbackwithinacoupleof5.________(hour).Wevaluedeverychancewehavetokeep6.________(we)bothontherighttrack.

Oneday,IcalledMikebuthewasn’tin.Asusual,Ihadtoleaveamessage,fully7.________(expect)tohearfromhimlaterthateveningorthenextday.ButIhadnotheardfromhimfornearlytwodays,andIbecamevery8.________(anxiety).Onthethirdday,IreceivedamessagefromMike’swifethatshesaidMikehadbeenkilledin9.________unexplainedtruckcrashonthemorningofmycall.

Iattendedmyfriend’sfuneral,andeventhoughIcould10.________(hard)walk,Ihelpedcarrymyfriendtohisfinalrestingplace.Mikeisstillheretoo,inmyheartandmysoul.

1.【解析】so?？疾榈寡b句。依據(jù)語境可知,此處表示“我在戒酒癮上有困難,我的摯友邁克也是如此”。“so+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞+主語”表示“……也是如此”。2.【解析】across?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z。comeacross偶然遇見。3.【解析】were。考查時態(tài)。依據(jù)and后面的并列謂語“returned”可知,應(yīng)用一般過去時。此題簡潔受到時間狀語“foraboutayear”的影響而誤填hadbeen。4.【解析】when?？疾榫湫?。Therewasneveratimewhen...從來沒有一段時間……。5.【解析】hours?？疾槊~的數(shù)。acoupleof后要接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。6.【解析】us?？疾榇~?！拔覀冋湎覀儞碛械拿看螜C(jī)會,以保持我們倆在正確的人生軌道上”。題空處作keep的賓語,后面還有both,所以用us。7.【解析】expecting?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞。“和以往一樣,我只得留言,滿心希望他會在那天晚上晚些時候或是其次天給我回信”,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。8.【解析】anxious。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。但是將近兩天沒有得到他的消息,“我”變得特別著急。此處應(yīng)用所給名詞的形容詞形式。9.【解析】an。考查冠詞。邁克的妻子告知“我”邁克在“我”打電話給他的那天早晨死于一場緣由不明的卡車撞車事故。此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞泛指“一場”,unexplained的讀音以元音音素開頭,故用an。10.【解析】hardly?？疾楦痹~?！拔摇背鱿藫从训脑岫Y,即使“我”(由于哀思)幾乎難以行走,“我”還是幫著把他送到安眠之處。hardly幾乎