2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中模擬考試英語試題（上教版2020選擇性必修一 Units 1~4）（全解全析）

絕密★考試結(jié)束前2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期中模擬卷（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：140分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．測試范圍：選擇性必修一Units1~4（上教版2020）。4．難度系數(shù)：0.65。5．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。I.ListeningComprehension（25分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．A．7:00. B．7:10. C．9:10. D．9:00.【答案】C【原文】W:Couldyoutellmethestartingtimeforbothperformances?M:Thefirstbeginsat7:00o’clock,anditlaststwohours.Thesecondfollowsimmediatelyafteraten-minutebreak.Q:Atwhattimedoesthesecondshowstart?2．A．Doubtful. B．Excited. C．Frustrated. D．Indifferent.【答案】D【原文】M:Greatnews!Thedeadlinehasbeenpostponedforaweek.W:Well,I’dstillliketoliftthisburdenfrommyshoulderssoonerratherthanlater.Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenews?3．A．Waiterandguest. B．Husbandandwife.C．Motherandson. D．Bossandemployee.【答案】C【原文】W:Howareyougettingonwithyourstudy,dearTom?M:ImakerapidprogressinEnglishaswellasChineseandMaths.Question:What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4．A．Atanartgallery. B．Inaworkshop.C．Atagasstation. D．Inadepartmentstore.【答案】A【原文】M:Excuseme,canyoutellmethetitleofthisoilpainting?W:Sorry,Idon’tknowforsure.ButIguessit’sanearly18thcenturywork.Letmelookitupinthecatalogue.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?5．A．Hehadaworthytrip.B．Hedidn’tenjoythetrip.C．Thetripwastooexhausting.D．Thetriptookhimbysurprise.【答案】A【原文】W:Howdoyoufeelnowthatyou’rebackfromyourtrip?M:Mylegsarethesorestthey’veeverbeen,butitfeelslikeIhaverenewedperspective.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?6．A．Pressthebuttonofeveryfloor.B．Takeanotherliftdowntothe7thfloor.C．Askthewomanwhichfloorshe’sgoingto.D．Stayinthesamelifttogodowntohisfloor.【答案】D【原文】M:Ohno,Iforgottopressthebutton.Ishould’vegottenoffatthe7thfloor.W:Don’tworry.Onemorefloorandyouwillbegoingdown.Q:Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?7．A．Thesizeoftheelectricvehiclemarket.B．Anewtrendinthecarmakingindustry.C．Theveryprofitablebusinessofmakingcakes.D．Howmanufacturersprofitfrommakingelectriccars.【答案】B【原文】W:Whydoeseveryoneseemtobejoiningtheelectricvehiclerace?M:Honestly,I’mnotsurprised.It’sjusttoobigacaketopassup.Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?8．A．Thewomanwasanewcustomerofthegarage.B．Thewomancalledtomakeacomplaintaboutthegarage’sservice.C．Thewomanhadn’texpectedthemaintenanceservicetotakesolong.D．Thewomanwassatisfiedwiththeimprovementinthegarage’sservice【答案】C【原文】M:Goodmorning,I’mwithRoadBuddyGarage.Wereyousatisfiedwithourserviceyesterday,Ma’am?W:I’mafraidthere’smuchroomforimprovement.Fivehoursforsomeregularmaintenancewasnotreasonable.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?9．A．Themandidn’tintendtomakethewomanunhappy.B．Themanthoughtthewomanwasbeingunreasonable.C．Themanbelievedthewomanhadmisunderstoodhim.D．Themanwantedtosaysomethingupsettingtothewoman.【答案】A【原文】W:It’snotaverygoodfeelingwhenyourtolerancehasbeentakenforgrantedagainandagain.M:I’msorrythatI’vemadeyoufeelthatway.ThelastthingIwanttodoistoupsetyou.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?10．A．Themanmayneedtore-evaluatehispriorities.B．Themanshoulddealwiththeurgentmattersfirst.C．Themanhasfailedtotakecareoftheurgentmatters.D．Themanshouldkeeptrackofeverythingusingato-dolist.【答案】A【原文】M:I’msotiredofalwaysfeelingsorushed.W:Maybetheproblemisthatyou’vemistakenwhat’surgentforwhat’simportant.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11．A．Tomakesurethespellingandgrammarareallcorrect.B．Toimprovetheoveralleffectivenessofthewriting.C．Toensurethemainideaiscleartothereader.D．Toaddmorespecificdetailsandexamples.12．A．Bytheendoftheterm.B．Aftersomemajorrepair.C．Twoweeksbeforethefinalduedate.D．Afterthestudentfinishesthecourse.13．A．Toreviewmaterialcoveredinanearlierlecture.B．Tochangestudents’approachtowriting.C．Topointoutanexampleofgoodwriting.D．Togiveanassignmentforthenextclass.【答案】11．B12．C13．B【原文】Bytheendoftheterm,Ihopeyou’llbeconvincedthatformalwritingalwaysrequiresrevision.Sometimesitrequiresafairlymajorrewritingofthepaper.Somestudentsmayhavethemistakenideathatrevisionmeanssimplymakingcorrectionsinspellingandgrammar.Icallthatproof-reading.WhatIexpectyoutodoasyoureviseistovalueandimprovetheoveralleffectivenessofyourpaper.Buthowcanyoutellifyourpaperiseffective?Well,forexample,startbyaskingyourselfthesequestions:Isthetopicrestrictedenoughtobefullydiscussedwithinthegivenlinks?Arethemainideasclear?Aretheysupportedbythespecificdetailsintheexamples?Dotheymovesmoothlyfromoneideatothenext?You’llneedenoughtimeforapossiblemajorrepair,thatis,youmayhavetomakealotofchangesbeforeyourpaperbecomesreallycleartothereader.SoI’llexpectadraftofeachpapertwoweeksbeforethefinalduedate.ThatwayIcancriticizeitandgetitbackintimeforyoutoreviseit.Thenyoucanturninafinaldraftforgrading.ThisprocessmayseemlikeagreatdealoftroubleatfirstbutIthinkyouwillfinditvaluable.InfactafteryoufinishthiscourseIdoubtthatyouwilleverturninatermpaperwithoutfirstrevisingitcarefully.Questions:11.Whatshouldthestudents’aimbewhentheyrevisetheirwork?12.Whenshouldthefirstdraftbeturnedin?13.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14．A．Experimentonthefuturepizza.B．Tasteaspecially-madepizza.C．Traveltoafuturerestaurant.D．Meetwithagroupoffuturists.15．A．Theyaimedtoshowpeoplehowtocultivatefoodinalab.B．Theywerecurioustoknowwhatthefuturewouldlooklike.C．Theyintendedtopromotetheenvironmentally-friendlyfood.D．Theywantedtohighlighttheroleofscienceinsustainableliving.16．A．Itisthreetimesthesizeofanormalpizza.B．Alltheingredientscomefromanindoorlab.C．Partofithasbeen3D-printedbyarobotchef.D．It’squitedifferentfromthetraditionalpizzaexceptfortheappearance.【答案】14．B15．D16．D【原文】On11February2020,visitorstothe2039PizzaRestaurantinPeckham,London,wereabletotryapizzafromtheyear2039.Thepizzahadn’tactuallytravelledbackintime,butwasmadebypeoplelookingaheadtothefuture.AnorganizationofYoungScientistscalledTheBigBangUKFairchallengedafuturistcalledJackson,todesignthepizzaofthefuture,inordertoshowhowsciencecanhelpusmakefoodmoresustainably.Despitelookinglikeanormalpizza,itwasmadewithsomeunusualingredients.Theingredientsactuallyincludetomatoesgrowninanindoorlabwithnosoil,flourmadefromground-upinsects,andcheesemadefromtreenuts.Tomatoesgrownindoorsuselesswaterthanoutdoortomatoesandmakingcheesefromnutmilkinsteadofcow’smilkmeanswecouldrelylessondairycows.Dairycowsarebadfortheenvironmentbecauseofthepoisonousgasestheyrelease.Makingflouroutofsmashedinsectsmightsoundhorrible,buttheyarerichinproteinsandtakefarfewerresourcestofarmthanwheat,whichweusetomakeflourbases.Lookingaheadto2069,Jacksonpredicts,“YourfuturepizzamightbemadefromingredientsthathaveneverseentheSun,oreatengrassinafield.Anditmightbe3D-printedbyarobotchef.Thisistrulyjustatasteofwhatthefutureholds.”Questions:14.Whatwerevisitorsabletodointhe2039PizzaRestaurant?15.WhydidtheyoungUKscientistsaskJacksontodesignthepizzaofthefuture?16.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepizzaofthefuture?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17．A．Nervous. B．Excited. C．Sleepless. D．Frustrated.18．A．Highrequirements. B．Flexibleschedules. C．Highfrequency. D．Oppositerules.19．A．Themanheldachildhooddreamofbeingaprofessionalplayer.B．Themanhadtakenitforgrantedthathewouldbeabasketballstarsoonerorlater.C．Themanfeltuncomfortablewhenhefirstreceivedsomuchattentionfromothers.D．Themanrelievedhimselfbyadjustingthefocusofhisattentionintime.20．A．Weshouldnottakeitseriously.B．Weshouldcompetewitheachother.C．Weshouldenjoyourselvesinit.D．Weshouldnevermissagame.【答案】17．B18．C19．B20．C【原文】W:Helloeveryone,I’mSusan.WeareheretodaywithNBAstarJeremy.Welcome,Jeremy.M:Thanksforhavingme.W:Jeremy,howdidyoufeelthefirsttimeyousteppedontheNBAcourtasaprofessionalbasketballplayer?M:IjustrememberthecheersandIjustwentintothegamefollowingtheadrenaline.Wow,it’sbeenalongtimeandIfinallymadeit.IrememberthatnightafterthegameIhadahardtimefallingasleepjustbecauseIhadhadallthatexcitement.W:Pleasetellme,what’sthebiggestdifferencebetweenplayingcollegebasketballandprofessionalbasketball?M:Iwouldsaythebiggestdifferenceistheschedule.Youplay82gamesinaseasonintheNBAandyouonlyplayabout30incollege.Andalsothetalentsandthelevelofathleticspeedalsomakethemjusttwodifferentworlds.W:Itseemsyou’vesettledwellintoprofessionalgame.Haveyoueverimaginedyouwouldbesosuccessful?

M:GrowingupIalwaysdreamedaboutplayingintheNBA,buthonestlyitdidn’tseemlikelytobecomearealityuntilmysenioryearincollege.That’swhenIbegantothinkIhadachancetoenter.SowhenIfinallymadeit,Ijustrememberitwasalongjourneyandalongpath.AndIwasreallythankfulthatIwasfinallyhere.W:Howdoyoudealwiththepressurefromthesuccess?M:Atthebeginningoftheseason,Iwasstrugglingwiththatjustbecausetherewerealotofattentionfromthemediaandfromthefans.ButonceIlearnedtoletgoofanyexpectationsofothersandstarttoplayformyself,nototherpeople,Ibegantoreallyenjoythegameandhavethatpassioncomeback.W:Youhavealotoffans.Doyouhaveanyadviceforthem?M:Toenjoyplayingbasketballandrememberitisagame,andifyouarenothavingfunplayingbasketball,theninmyopinion,thereisnopointinplaying.Ijustwanttoremindeveryonejustmakesureyouhavefun,yousmileandyouenjoyeverytimeyouareonthecourt.Questions:17.Howdidthemanfeelduringhisfirstgame?18.Whatdistinguishesprofessionalbasketballfromcollegebasketball?19.WhichstatementisWRONGaccordingtotheconversation?20.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardthisgame?II.GrammarandVocabulary(20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Indoorvsoutdoorexercising:Whichismoreproductive?Peopletendtoleanheavilyonthegymwhenitcomestoexercise.Thegymisjustaneasyconcept:yougoandthemachinesarerightthere.Yougettheworkoutdoneandyouleave.Butmaybethat’stheproblem.Isitbetterforyourbody,healthandfitnessgoalstoworkoutintheopenair21conditionsvary?Itdependsonsomanyfactors,buttheshortanswerisyes:Sciencesaysitis,infact,bettertoexerciseoutdoors.Takerunning,forexample.Inastudy22(look)atrunnerswhocoveredthesamedistanceonatreadmill(跑步機)andoutdoors,thegroupthatraninsideweresaid23(consume)lessenergythantheoutsidegroup.Thisisbecauseofterrainchangesandwindspeed,whichyoudon’tfaceinthecontrolledclimateofgym.Yourbody24______workharder,andthusyouburnmorecalories.Anotherconsiderationthat25(make)exercisingoutsidetougher,specificallyinwarmermonths,istemperature.Inmostgyms,theairconditionersareblowingduringtheopenhourstokeepacoolandcomfortableenvironment,meaningyou’reconsuminglessenergyandsweatinglessthanyouwouldifyouweredoingthesameactivityinthegreatoutdoors.Inaddition,asystematicstudyontheeffectsofphysicalactivityoutsideinanaturalenvironmentversusindoorsrevealedthefact26amongpeopledoingthesameactivity,theoutdoorexercisesshowed“greaterfeelingsofrefreshmentandpositiveengagement;decreasesintension,confusion,angeranddepression;and27(increase)energy”afterward.28manyadvantages,workingoutsidehasitslimitations.Fromchangeableweathertosafetyconcerns,it’snotalways29option.Thebottomline?Switchupyourworkoutandgetoutsideasmuchasyoucan,butdon’tbotheraboutitifthegymisa30(practical)choiceforyou.Doinganyworkoutisamazingforyourbodyandhealth.【答案】21．where22．looking23．tohaveconsumed24．hasto25．makes26．that27．increased28．Despite29．a(chǎn)n30．morepractical【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章針對室內(nèi)鍛煉以及室外鍛煉哪種形式更有益于健康的問題，旗幟鮮明地提出了觀點：室內(nèi)鍛煉更有益于健康。21．考查定語從句。句意：在條件不同的戶外鍛煉對你的身體、健康和健身目標(biāo)更好嗎？分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個包含定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞為：theopenair，因先行詞在從句中作狀語指地點，使用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填where。22．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在一項針對在跑步機上和戶外跑同樣距離的跑步者的研究中，據(jù)說在室內(nèi)跑步的那一組比在室外跑步的那組消耗的能量更少。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作定語，因與其邏輯主語study之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填looking。23．考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，besaidtodo為固定短語，含義為“據(jù)說……”，因動詞不定式表示的動作在主句謂語動詞之前發(fā)生，使用動詞不定式的完成式，故填tohaveconsumed。24．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：你的身體必須更加努力地工作，從而燃燒更多的卡路里。根據(jù)上文“Thisisbecauseofterrainchangesandwindspeed,whichyoudon’tfaceinthecontrolledclimateofgym.(這是因為地形變化和風(fēng)速，而在健身房的受控氣候下，你不會面臨這些變化。)”可知，在戶外鍛煉的時候，身體不得不要應(yīng)對這些條件，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“不得不”含義的情態(tài)動詞，又因主語為單數(shù)第三人稱，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)第三人稱形式，故填hasto。25．考查時態(tài)。句意：另一個讓戶外鍛煉更困難的因素是溫度，尤其是在溫暖的月份。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個包含定語從句的復(fù)合句，空白處在定語從句中作謂語，因句子表示的是一個客觀情況，從句謂語動詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時，又因定語從句的主語that指的是先行詞anotherconsideration，為單數(shù)，從句謂語動詞使用單數(shù)第三人稱形式，故填makes。26．考查同位語從句。句意：此外，一項關(guān)于自然環(huán)境下戶外體育活動與室內(nèi)體育活動效果的系統(tǒng)研究表明，在進(jìn)行同樣活動的人中，戶外運動表現(xiàn)出“更大的提神和積極參與感；緊張、困惑、憤怒和抑郁情緒減輕；能量增加”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個包含同位語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞為：fact，因先行詞在同位語從句中不做成分，使用連接代詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，故填that。27．考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作定語使用非謂語動詞，因與其邏輯主語energy之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，使用過去分詞，故填increased。28．考查介詞。句意：盡管有很多優(yōu)點，但在外鍛煉也有其局限性。根據(jù)上文“manyadvantages(很多優(yōu)點)”以及下文“workingoutsidehasitslimitations(在外鍛煉也有其局限性)”可知上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空白處應(yīng)填表示“盡管”含義的介詞，單詞位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Despite。29．考查冠詞。句意：從多變的天氣到安全問題，這并不總是一種選擇。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，因空白處后面有名詞，根據(jù)冠詞的用法，名詞前需使用不定冠詞表示“一個”含義，因空白處后面詞的第一個發(fā)音音素為元音，故填an。30．考查形容詞的比較級。句意：改變你的鍛煉方式，盡可能多地外出，但如果健身房對你來說是一個更實用的選擇，就不要為此煩惱。根據(jù)上文“thegym(健身房)”可知此處是要把室內(nèi)鍛煉和室外鍛煉進(jìn)行比較，空白處應(yīng)填形容詞的比較級，故填morepractical。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．elevating

B．context

C．implications

D．vitality

E.afraidF.deep-rooted

G.routine

H.running

I.interpreted

J.altered

K.frozenUnlockingtheSecretsofYourNightMostpeopledonotrealizethatdreamstakeupabout25%ofthenight’ssleep,andeachdreamperiodlastsfrom5to20minutes.Thereisnodoubtthatdreamsplayanimportantroleinourlives.Iftheycanbecorrectly31—andthatisabig“if”—wecancometounderstandourselvesbetter.Here,welookatthreecommondreamsandwhattheypotentiallysymbolize.Dream1:Icanseetheirlaughingfaceslaughingatme.Buttheyaren’tassmart.Iftheywere,they’dbeuphereflyingwithme!Thisdreamhasbothpositiveandnegative32.Onthepositiveside,thedreammayexpressastrongdesiretotravelandgetawayfromeveryday33.Itmayalsosymbolizeapowerfuldesiretoachieve.Ontheotherhand,thisdreamcanmeanthepersonhasaproblemoris34ofsomethingandtheywishtoescape.Thedreamcouldrepresentfeelingsofinferiority,whichthedreamerattemptstogetridofbyliterallyandphysically35themselvesaboveothers.Dream2:I’mmovingfastnow,butit’sstillbehindme.Itdoesn’tmatterhowfastIgo.Istillcan’tescape.Althoughthisisatraditionalsymbolofhealthand36,itcansuggestthedreameristryingtoescapefromdanger.Usually,fearisthedominantemotion.By37hard,thedreamercanpossiblyescapethethreat.However,theycanalsostopmoving.Thismakesthefearevenmoreterrifying.Onepossibleexplanationisthatthepersonisunderpressureintheireverydaylife.Dream3:I’msweatingandmyheartisbeating.I’mtrapped.Trappedinmyownbed.Thissymbolisassociatedwithfearandembarrassment:suddenlythedreamerlosesallpowerofmovement.Theytryhardtomovetheirarmsandlegs,buttheysimplycannot;38in’aterrifyingsituationwithnoescape,theybecomemoreandmoreterrifiedasthesecondsgoby.Anotherfrequent39forthisdreamisfailingtodosomethinginpublic,oftensomethingthatyouarenormallyverygoodat,suchasyourjob.Notonlyisthisextremelyembarrassing,butitalsoshowsa(n)40fearoflosingajobandalivelihood.【答案】31．I32．C33．G34．E35．A36．D37．H38．K39．B40．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要解讀了三種常見的夢的含義。31．考查動詞。句意：如果它們能被正確地解釋——這是一個很大的“如果”——我們就能更好地了解自己。根據(jù)下文“Here,welookatthreecommondreamsandwhattheypotentiallysymbolize.”可知，下文是解釋夢的含義，所以此處指“如果夢能被正確地解讀”，動詞interpret，解釋，符合語境，結(jié)合“canbe”可知，此處需填過去分詞形式interpreted。故選I。32．考查名詞。句意：這個夢既有積極的含義，也有消極的含義。根據(jù)下文“Onthepositiveside,thedreammayexpressastrongdesiretotravelandgetawayfromeveryday33”可知，此處在解釋夢的含義，C項implications“含義，暗示”符合語境，在句中作賓語。故選C。33．考查名詞。句意：從積極的方面來看，這個夢可能表達(dá)了一種強烈的旅行欲望，擺脫日常生活常規(guī)的束縛。根據(jù)“thedreammayexpressastrongdesiretotravel”可知，此處指想要擺脫日常生活常規(guī)的束縛。routine，常規(guī)，名詞作賓語。故選G。34．考查形容詞。句意：另一方面，這個夢可能意味著這個人有問題或害怕某事，他們希望逃避。根據(jù)“thisdreamcanmeanthepersonhasaproblem”可知，此處表示害怕某事，空處需填形容詞作表語，beafraidof為固定搭配，意為“害怕”。故選E。35．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這個夢可能代表著自卑感，做夢者試圖通過從字面上和身體上抬高自己來擺脫這種自卑感。根據(jù)“Thedreamcouldrepresentfeelingsofinferiority”可知，做夢者試圖通過從字面上和身體上抬高自己來擺脫這種自卑感，elevate，動詞，抬高，介詞by后面接動名詞作賓語。故選A。36．考查名詞。句意：雖然這是健康和活力的傳統(tǒng)象征，但它可能暗示夢者正在試圖逃離危險。根據(jù)上文“I’mmovingfastnow,butit’sstillbehindme.Itdoesn’tmatterhowfastIgo.Istillcan’tescape.”可知，這樣的夢是健康和活力的傳統(tǒng)象征，空處和名詞“health”并列，vitality，活力，名詞。故選D。37．考查非謂語動詞。句意：通過努力奔跑，做夢的人可能會逃離威脅。根據(jù)“thedreamercanpossiblyescapethethreat.”可知，努力奔跑，可能會逃離威脅，run，動詞，跑，位于介詞by后面，需用動名詞running，作賓語。故選H。38．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們被困在一個可怕的環(huán)境中，無處可逃，隨著時間的流逝，他們變得越來越害怕。根據(jù)“Theytryhardtomovetheirarmsandlegs,buttheysimplycannot”可知，此處表示停止在一個可怕的環(huán)境中，freeze，動詞，（因害怕）停住不動，they和freeze為被動關(guān)系，需用過去分詞形式作狀語。故選K。39．考查名詞。句意：這種夢的另一個常見情境是在公共場合做某事失敗，通常是你通常非常擅長的事情，比如你的工作。根據(jù)“failingtodosomethinginpublic”可知，此處描述的是一個情境，context，情境，名詞作主語。故選B。40．考查形容詞。句意：這不僅非常尷尬，而且還顯示出對失去工作和生計的根深蒂固的恐懼。根據(jù)“fearoflosingajobandalivelihood”可知，對失去工作和生計的根深蒂固的恐懼，deep-rooted，根深蒂固的，形容詞作定語，修飾名詞fear。故選F。III.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextWhat’ssobadaboutprocessedfoods?Processedfoodslikechips,sodaandfrozenpizzasarefullofsalt,sugarandfat.Nowscientistsaretryingtounderstandifthereissomethingelseaboutsuchfoodsthatmaybebadforhumans.Already,thespreadofcheap,41foodshasbeenlinkedtorisingobesityratesaroundtheworld.Threerecentstudiesoffermore42onhowourincreasinglyindustrializedfoodsupplymaybeaffectingourhealth.Whatdoesprocessedfood43?Theresearcherscameupwithasystemthatgroupsfoodsintofourcategories.Thesystemsayshighlyprocessedfoodsaremade44ofindustrializedingredientsandadditives.Sodas,instantnoodlesandchickennuggetsaresomeexamplesofhighlyprocessedfoods.Butalsoincludedareproductsthatcan45beneficialtohealth,suchasmorningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.What’swrongwithprocessedfoods?ResearchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealthconductedafour-weekstudyinvolving20people.Theyfoundthatpeopleeatabout500morecaloriesadaywhen46mostlyprocessedfood.Thatiscomparedwithwhenthesamepeopleweregiven47processedfoods.Theresearcherspermittedthe20participantstoeatasmuchoraslittleastheywanted.Theyweretakentoamedicalcentersotheirhealthandbehaviorcouldbe48.Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.AsimilarstudyinSpainlinkedeatingmoreprocessedfoodstoahigherriskofdeath49.Whatisitaboutprocessedfoods?Whengivenlessprocessedfoods,peopleinthestudy50moreofahormonesthatsuppressedappetite,andlessofahormonethatcauseshunger.Thereasonforthe51isnotclear.Thescientistsalsofoundthatpeopleateprocessedfoodsfaster.KevinHallisoneoftheresearcherswholedthestudy.HetoldtheAPthatprocessedfoods52besofterandeasiertochewandswallow.Hallnotedthesourceofnutrientsmight53.Fiberfromwholefruitsandvegetables,forinstance,maybebetterformakingpeoplefeelfullthanthetypesoffiberaddedtopackagedfoodssuchasenergybarsandyogurt.Whatshouldyoueat?Limitingprocessedfoodscanbehard,especiallyforpeoplewithlimitedtimeandenergy.“What54meiswhenthemessageis,‘Changethewayweeat,’withoutthinkingaboutwhypeopleeatthewaytheyeat,”saidSarahBowen,aprofessorwhostudiesfoodandinequality.Anotherchallengeisthebroadrangeofprocessedfoods,and55whichonesmightbebetterorworseascompaniescontinuallyre-engineerproductstomisleadconsumers.Sowhiletheneweststudiesmaygiveusmorereasonstoavoidindustrializedfoods,theyalsounderliethedifficultyofcomingupwithsolutions.41．A．organic B．delicious C．packaged D．fast42．A．examples B．clues C．contributors D．signals43．A．provide B．suggest C．mean D．infer44．A．specially B．mostly C．naturally D．technically45．A．remain B．taste C．become D．seem46．A．consumed B．forced C．deprived D．fed47．A．minimally B．moderately C．maximally D．a(chǎn)dequately48．A．explained B．monitored C．cured D．guaranteed49．A．ingeneral B．inparticular C．innature D．inadvance50．A．preferred B．produced C．compared D．processed51．A．hunger B．procedure C．reaction D．psychology52．A．a(chǎn)ttemptto B．intendto C．tendto D．meanto53．A．strikeabalanceB．runarisk C．poseathreat D．makeadifference54．A．frustrates B．entertains C．puzzles D．inspires55．A．predicting B．imagining C．a(chǎn)ssuming D．distinguishing【答案】41．C42．B43．C44．B45．D46．D47．A48．B49．A50．B51．C52．C53．D54．A55．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出廉價包裝食品的普及與全球肥胖率的上升有關(guān)，并根據(jù)最近的三項研究，向讀者介紹了什么是加工食品，加工食品有什么問題，加工食品與什么有關(guān)，以及人們應(yīng)該吃什么。41．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：廉價包裝食品的普及已經(jīng)與全球肥胖率的上升聯(lián)系在一起。A.organic有機的；B.delicious美味的；C.packaged包裝過的；D.fast快速的。根據(jù)上文“Processedfoodslikechips,sodaandfrozenpizzasarefullofsalt,sugarandfat.”可知，此處指那些加工食品，加工食品通常都是包裝好來售賣的。故選C。42．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近的三項研究為我們?nèi)找婀I(yè)化的食品供應(yīng)如何影響我們的健康提供了更多線索。A.examples例子；B.clues線索；C.contributors促成因素；D.signals信號。根據(jù)下文的四個小標(biāo)題可知，下文主要根據(jù)這些研究為讀者普及加工食品的相關(guān)知識，因此是為了解如何影響提供了更多線索。故選B。43．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：加工食品是什么？A.provide提供；B.suggest建議；C.mean意思是；D.infer推斷。根據(jù)下文“Thesystemsayshighlyprocessedfoodsaremade_______ofindustrializedingredientsandadditives.”可知，本段主要介紹加工食品是什么。故選C。44．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：該體系顯示，高度加工的食品主要由工業(yè)化成分和添加劑制成。A.specially特別地；B.mostly主要地；C.naturally自然地；D.technically技術(shù)上。根據(jù)上文“highlyprocessedfoodsaremade”和下文“ofindustrializedingredientsandadditives”可推知，高度加工的食品的主要成分是工業(yè)化成分和添加劑。故選B。45．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但也包括一些似乎對健康有益的產(chǎn)品，比如早餐麥片、能量棒和某些種類的酸奶。A.remain保持；B.taste嘗起來；C.become變成；D.seem似乎。根據(jù)下文“morningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt”和生活常識可知，這些產(chǎn)品通常被認(rèn)為是健康的，再結(jié)合上文的“But”可推知，此處有轉(zhuǎn)折，表示這些產(chǎn)品只是似乎是健康的，實際上卻屬于高度加工的食品。故選D。46．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們主要食用加工食品時，他們每天會多攝入約500卡路里的熱量。A.consumed消耗；B.forced強迫；C.deprived剝奪；D.fed為……提供食物。根據(jù)下文“Thatiscomparedwithwhenthesamepeopleweregiven_______processedfoods.”可知，該實驗是對比同一組人食用不同加工程度的食品的卡路里攝入情況，因此是主要食用加工食品時會攝入更多的熱量。故選D。47．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這是和只吃最小限度加工食品的同樣的人比較得出的。A.minimally最小程度地；B.moderately適度地；C.maximally最大程度地；D.adequately充分地。根據(jù)上文“Thatiscomparedwith”可知，該實驗是對比同一組人食用不同加工程度的食品的卡路里攝入情況，再結(jié)合上文“mostlyprocessedfood”可推知，此處表示只吃最小限度加工的食品，minimally和mostly相對。故選A。48．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們被帶到醫(yī)療中心，這樣就可以監(jiān)測他們的健康和行為。A.explained解釋；B.monitored監(jiān)測；C.cured治愈；D.guaranteed保證。根據(jù)上文“Theyweretakentoamedicalcentersotheirhealthandbehavior”可推知，參與者被帶到醫(yī)療中心是為了被監(jiān)測健康和行為，為研究提供數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。49．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：西班牙的一項類似研究表明，吃更多的加工食品通常會增加死亡風(fēng)險。A.ingeneral通常；B.inparticular尤其；C.innature本質(zhì)上；D.inadvance提前。根據(jù)上文“Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.”和“Asimilarstudy”可知，法國的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了食用加工食品和患心臟病之間的一般性聯(lián)系，因此西班牙的這項類似研究表明的應(yīng)該是通常會增加死亡風(fēng)險。故選A。50．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在研究中，當(dāng)少吃加工食品時，人們產(chǎn)生的抑制食欲的激素更多，導(dǎo)致饑餓的激素更少。A.preferred更喜歡；B.produced產(chǎn)生；C.compared比較；D.processed加工。根據(jù)下文“moreofahormonesthatsuppressedappetite,andlessofahormonethatcauseshunger”可推知，這兩種激素都是人體自身產(chǎn)生的。故選B。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種反應(yīng)的原因尚不清楚。A.hunger饑餓；B.procedure程序；C.reaction反應(yīng)；D.psychology心理學(xué)。根據(jù)上文“Whengivenlessprocessedfoods,peopleinthestudy________moreofahormonesthatsuppressedappetite,andlessofahormonethatcauseshunger.”可知，此處指上文這種人體內(nèi)的反應(yīng)。故選C。52．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他告訴美聯(lián)社，加工食品往往更軟，更容易咀嚼和吞咽。A.attemptto試圖；B.intendto打算；C.tendto往往會；D.meanto打算。根據(jù)上文“Thescientistsalsofoundthatpeopleateprocessedfoodsfaster.”可知，此處是解釋人們吃加工食品的速度更快的原因，應(yīng)該是因為這些食品往往更軟，更容易咀嚼和吞咽。故選C。53．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Hall指出，營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的來源可能會產(chǎn)生影響。A.strikeabalance達(dá)到平衡；B.runarisk冒風(fēng)險；C.poseathreat構(gòu)成威脅；D.makeadifference產(chǎn)生影響。根據(jù)下文“Fiberfromwholefruitsandvegetables,forinstance,maybebetterformakingpeoplefeelfullthanthetypesoffiberaddedtopackagedfoodssuchasene