浙江省臺(tái)州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期6月期末英語(yǔ)試題含聽(tīng)力

臺(tái)州市高一年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量評(píng)估試題英語(yǔ)滿分150分考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.作答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng),先劃掉原來(lái)的答案,然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將答題卡交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whomaythewomanborrowabikefrom?A.Amy. B.Leo. C.Linda.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Leo,canIuseyourbike?IusuallyborrowLinda’s,buthersislost.M:Sorry,mineisbroken.AskAmy.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanhave?A.Friedrice. B.Ahamburger. C.Asandwich.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatwouldyoulike?Hamburger,sandwich,hotdog,friedrice.Wedoeverything.W:Takeawayfriedricesoundsgood.M:OK,friedrice.W:No,onsecondthought,I’llhaveatomatosandwich.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Chooseagoodtopic. B.Dosomeexercise. C.Finishhisessayquickly.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ijustcan’tthinkofagoodtopicformyessay.Idon’tknowwhattodo.W:Tryrunning.Exercisealwayshelpsmeclearmymindandthinkofideas.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whyisthemaninahurry?A.Tofindadoctor. B.Topickuphiswife. C.Toseehisdaughter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyouinsuchahurry?M:I’mrushingtothehospitaltoseemybaby.Ijustgotaphonecallfromthehospitaltellingthatmywifehadgivenbirthtoagirl.W:Congratulationsonbeingafather!5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthespeedlimit?A.65mph. B.72mph. C.75mph.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Igetfinedforspeeding.Itcostme$60.W:Don’tyouknowthespeedlimitis65mph?M:No,Ithoughtitwas75mph.AndIdroveataspeedof72mph.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Atahairdresser’s. C.Atarestaurant.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Attendawedding.B.Payavisittoafriend.C.Takephotoswiththeman.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi.Nicetoseeyouhere.Howhaveyoubeen?M:Hi.I’mgood.I’mgettingmyhaircuttoday.W:Yourhairisverylong.Areyougettingitcutshort?M:Notreallyshort.Ithinkshoulderlengthisfine.Areyougettingyourhaircut,too?W:Nottoday.Myfriendisgettingmarried,soI’mjustgettingmyhaircoloredandstyled.M:Ican’twaittoseehowitturnsout.W:Iwilltakepictureswhenthehairdresserisdone.M:Oh,it’smyturnnow.Talktoyoulater.W:OK.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hemissedthebus.B.Hegotonthewrongbus.C.Hegotoffatthewrongstop.9.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Nervous. B.Annoyed. C.Grateful.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,IwanttoseetheTerraCottaWarriorsinXi'an.Couldyoupleaseremindmewhenwearearrivingatthatstop?W:Oh.Youtookthewrongbus.YouneedtotakebusNo.151whichgoesintheoppositedirection.M:Oh,no!WhatshouldIdonow?W:Don'tworry.Youcangetoffatthenextstop,walkacrossthestreetandtakebusNo.151totheoppositedirection.M:OK.HowmanystopsdoIhavetogo?W:About15stops.M:Thatisalongwaytogo.It'ssokindofyoutohelpme.Thankyouverymuch.W:Mypleasure.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Brotherandsister. C.Classmates.11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Talkwithherteachers.B.Keepstudyingliterature.C.Chooseamajorshelikes.12.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanwanttolearn?A.Maths. B.Translation. C.Education【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Ilovestudyingliterature,butI’mnotsureifIshouldkeepthismajorthroughtherestofmycollegeyears.It’saharddecisiontomake.M:Well,doyouhaveanyproblemswithyourclasses?W:Actually,theclassesaregreat,andIhavearelaxingschedule.I’mconsideringchoosingsomeothercourses.ButIdon’twanttoletourmomanddaddown.M:Don’tworry.Althoughmomanddadchoseliteratureastheirmajorwhentheywereincollege,youstillcanchooseanythingyouwant!They’llbehappyforyou.SoamI.W:Thanks.Ourfamilyhasapositiveimpactonourinterests.Iknowyouwanttobeeatranslatorafteryougraduatenextyear.ButIjuststarteduniversityandwanttoconsiderotherdirections.M:That’sgreat.Whatabouteducation?W:Italkedwithmyteachersaboutthisbefore,butI’dliketotakemorecoursesinmathsandscience.M:Ineverstudiedthosesubjectsmuch.Butifyou’dliketotrythem,you’llalwayshavemysupport!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13WhyisMarnieupset?A.ShewaslaughedatbyLaura.B.Sheisshyinfrontofthepublic.C.Shethinksshe’llloseaspeechcontest.14.WhatisLauralike?A.Patient. B.Talented. C.Helpful.15.WhatdoesthemansuggestMamiedo?A.Practicemore. B.Writeagoodspeech. C.TalkwithLaura.16.Whatisthemandoing?A.EncouragingMarnie. B.TestingMarnie. C.PraisingMarnie.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Marnie,areyouOK?Youlookkindofdown.W:Oh,hey,Dad.M:What’sup?W:Well,there’saspeechcontestatschoolnextweekandI’minit.ButIknowIwon’twin.M:Whydoyousaythat?W:BecauseI’mpetingagainstLauraSanders.Youknowher...she’sthebestateverything.M:Marnie,that’snottrue.AndI’vereadyourspeechesbefore.They’rereallygood.W:Yeah,butItrytowritewell.AndI’mshyinfrontoflargegroups.AsforLaura,shedoeseverythingperfectly.Whensheheardwewerepeting,sheevenlaughed!M:Look,justbecauseLaura’sgooddoesn’tmeanshe’llwin.I’lltellyouagain,Marnie,youcanwriteagoodspeech.Andyoucanovereyourshyness,too.Youjustneedtopracticealot.Bepatient,workhard,andyou’lldofine.Ibetyou’llevenwin.W:Yeah.Maybeyou’reright.Thanks,Dad.You’resohelpful.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatistheweatherlikeinthemorning?A.Cloudy. B.Rainy C.Clear.18.Whatisthehighesttemperaturetomorrow?A.7℃. B.9℃. C.18℃.19.Whichhighwaydoesthespeakersuggesttakingtoheadsouth?A.Highway6. B.Highway16. C.Highway17.20.Whatwillfollowafterabreak?A.SportsUpdates. B.TrafficUpdates. C.WeatherUpdates【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Hello,everyone.It’snow9o’clockinthemorning,timeforourradio’shourlyweatherreport.Ifyou’rejustabouttoleaveyourhouse,don’tforgettotakeyourumbrellawithyou.Therainisexpectedtostartintheearlymorning,sopreparetoprotectyourself.However,theskywillclearthisafternoon,andthetemperaturewillbe18℃.Itwillbeamuchcoolerdaytomorrowwithahighofonly7℃,thecoldestdayinseveralmonths,soyou’llneedawarmcoatwhenyouheadoutinthemorning.Nowforthetrafficreport.OnHighway6goingsouth,trafficismovingslowly,soifyou’reheadingsouth,weremendtakingHighway17.ButrememberthathighwayconstructionisscheduledtobegintomorrowalongHighway16fromCherryStreetuptoDeltaRoadexit.Youmaywanttoavoidthatareaforthenextfewweeks.Now,afterabreakwewillbewithRobinforthesportsupdates.Sopleasestaywithus.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADespitewinningvariousprizesoverthelast30years,PercivalEverett’snamehadnevercrossedmanyreaders’desksuntilTheTreeswasshortlistedforthe2022BookerPrize.Filledwithoriginalityandwit,hislatestworkJamesisaretellingofMarkTwain’sclassicHuckleberryFinnfromtheperspective(視角)ofJim.Jim,orJames,istheslave(奴隸)ofMissWatson,whodecidestosellhimandseparatehimfromhisfamily.SoJimdecidestorunaway.He’ssoonfoundbyHuckleberry,whohasalsorunawayfromhisviolentfather,andthetwodrawupaplantosaveeachother.Twainstartshisstorybyexplainingvariousdialects.EverettassumesthatperhapsTwainwasonlyfamiliarwiththedialectandintelligencethattheAfricanAmericanslavesshowedtowhitepeople,asawayofprotectingthemselvesfromthosewhoconsideredaneducatedslavedangerous.AcharacterlikeJimtendstopretendtobesimplemindedtoavoidsuspicions(懷疑).EverettgiveshimthedepthandrichnessthatTwainwasnotabletoimagine.Inaninterview,Everetttalksabouthisnovelsayingthat“Ihopethatnoonethinksthatmynovelisaboutslavery.There’sadifferencebetweenwritingastoryaboutpeoplewhohappentobeslavesandwritingastoryaboutslavery.”21.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Abiography.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Anadvertisement.22.AccordingtoEverett,whydoesJimpresenthimselfassimpleminded?A.Toreceivebettereducation. B.Toprovehimselfunintelligent.C.Toprotecthimselffromthewhites. D.Togetfamiliarwithotherslaves.23.WhatdoweknowaboutEverettfromthetext?A.HeregardsJamesasabookonslavery.B.HeborrowsMarkTwain’scharacterJimblindly.C.Hehasbeenahouseholdnameforthepastthreedecades.D.HerenewsHuckleberryFinnthroughanescapedslave’seye.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇書評(píng)，主要講述了PercivalEverett的最新作品《James》。這部作品是對(duì)馬克·吐溫的經(jīng)典作品《哈克貝利·芬歷險(xiǎn)記》的重新詮釋，從奴隸Jim的視角出發(fā)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Despitewinningvariousprizesoverthelast30years,PercivalEverett'snamehadnevercrossedmanyreaders'desksuntilTheTreeswasshortlistedforthe2022BookerPrize.”（盡管在過(guò)去的30年里贏得了各種獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，但PercivalEverett的名字直到《樹(shù)》入圍2022年布克獎(jiǎng)才為許多讀者所知。）以及第二段中“Filledwithoriginalityandwit,hislatestworkJamesisaretellingofMarkTwain'sclassicHuckleberryFinnfromtheperspective(視角)ofJim.”（他的最新作品《James》充滿了獨(dú)創(chuàng)性和機(jī)智，是從Jim的視角重新詮釋馬克·吐溫的經(jīng)典作品《哈克貝利·芬歷險(xiǎn)記》。）可知，本文主要介紹了PercivalEverett的新作《James》；由此可知，本文是一篇書評(píng)。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“EverettassumesthatperhapsTwainwasonlyfamiliarwiththedialectandintelligencethattheAfricanAmericanslavesshowedtowhitepeople,asawayofprotectingthemselvesfromthosewhoconsideredaneducatedslavedangerous.AcharacterlikeJimtendstopretendtobesimplemindedtoavoidsuspicions(懷疑).”（Everett假設(shè)，也許吐溫只熟悉非洲裔美國(guó)奴隸向白人展示的方言和智慧，作為保護(hù)自己免受那些認(rèn)為受過(guò)教育的奴隸危險(xiǎn)的人的方式。像Jim這樣的角色往往會(huì)假裝自己頭腦簡(jiǎn)單，以避免懷疑。）可知，Jim假裝自己頭腦簡(jiǎn)單是為了保護(hù)自己免受白人的懷疑。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Filledwithoriginalityandwit,hislatestworkJamesisaretellingofMarkTwain'sclassicHuckleberryFinnfromtheperspective(視角)ofJim.Jim,orJames,istheslave(奴隸)ofMissWatson,whodecidestosellhimandseparatehimfromhisfamily.”（他的最新作品《James》充滿了獨(dú)創(chuàng)性和智慧，從Jim的角度重新講述了馬克·吐溫的經(jīng)典名著《哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》。Jim，或James，是MissWatson的奴隸，她決定賣掉他，把他和家人分開(kāi)。）和第三段中“EverettgiveshimthedepthandrichnessthatTwainwasnotabletoimagine.”（Everett賦予了Jim吐溫?zé)o法想象的深度和豐富性。）可知，Everett通過(guò)奴隸的視角重新詮釋了《哈克貝利·芬歷險(xiǎn)記》。故選D。BGrowingupinrural(農(nóng)村的)munities,Ialwayshadaloveofthecountryside,animalsandnature.ThebooksIreadasachildoftenhadanimalsattheirheart—TheOwlWhowasAfraidoftheDark,Charlotte’sWeb.Farming,however,wassomethingIexperiencedlaterinlife,inmyteenageyears.It’ssomethingIinstantlyconnectedwith,andIfeelfortunatethatmychildrenhavebeenabletogrowuphelpingoutonthefarmandspendinglotsoftimewithourlivestockandpets.It’ssoimportanttogetaconnectionwithfarmingatanearlystage.Wealleatfood,sobeingfamiliarwithwhereitesfromandwhatgoesintoproducingitisanaturalthing.Ifasparkofinterestcanbeignitedearly,itcanonlybeagoodthinggoingforward.It’sajoytoseethechildren’sfaceslightuponschoolvisitswhentheyseethephotosofanimalsonourfamilyfarmandwatchthevideoofanegghatching(孵化).Animalshaveauniquemagicalloftheirown.Beingaroundanimalsalsoteacheschildrenwhattheycantakewiththemintoadulthood.Itbuildsfoundationsofresponsibilitykindness,aswellasperseveranceandproblemsolving.Weworktogetherasafamilyalotonthefarm,whichbuildsastrongworkethicandasenseofteamwork—bothfantasticlifeskills.I’mafirmbelieverthatyoudon’tknowwhatyou’regoingtoloveuntilyoutryit.Myhopeisthatifchildrenfromnonruralbackgroundsgetatasteofwhatit’slikeonafarm,thentheymightdiscoversomethingtheylove.24.Howdoestheauthorleadintothetopic?A.Byshowinghisdesiretokeepanimals.B.Byremendinghischildhoodreads.C.Bysharinghisownexperiencewithnature.D.Byparinghisfarmlifewithhischildren’s.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Awakened. B.Expressed. C.Weakened. D.Kept.26.Whatroledoesanearlycontactwithfarmingplayinchildren’sgrowth?A.Atimekiller. B.Acharacterbuilder.C.Asocialconnector. D.Anemotionalforter.27.Whichstatementdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Wellbegunishalfdone. B.Whatpainsusshapesus.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Intereststartswithpractice.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過(guò)講述個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷，論述了在人生的早期階段，在農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大給成長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)的好處?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Growingupinrural(農(nóng)村的)munities,Ialwayshadaloveofthecountryside,animalsandnature.ThebooksIreadasachildoftenhadanimalsattheirheart—TheOwlWhowasAfraidoftheDark,Charlotte’sWeb.(在農(nóng)村社區(qū)長(zhǎng)大，我一直熱愛(ài)鄉(xiāng)村、動(dòng)物和大自然。我小時(shí)候讀的書里經(jīng)常有動(dòng)物的身影——《怕黑的貓頭鷹》、《夏洛的網(wǎng)》。)”可知，該段介紹了作者在農(nóng)村成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)歷帶來(lái)的影響，由此可知，本文是通過(guò)介紹個(gè)人經(jīng)歷引入話題的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞后的“It’sajoytoseethechildren’sfaceslightuponschoolvisitswhentheyseethephotosofanimalsonourfamilyfarmandwatchthevideoofanegghatching(孵化).Animalshaveauniquemagicalloftheirown.(當(dāng)孩子們參觀學(xué)校時(shí)，看到我們家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)里動(dòng)物的照片和雞蛋孵化的視頻，他們的臉上都露出了喜悅的表情。)”可知，孩子們看到農(nóng)場(chǎng)里的動(dòng)物的照片和雞蛋孵化的視頻時(shí)，他們都會(huì)感到開(kāi)心，結(jié)合劃線單詞所在的句子“Ifasparkofinterestcanbe…early,itcanonlybeagoodthinggoingforward.(如果興趣的火花能夠及早被……，那么它在將來(lái)只會(huì)是一件好事。)”可推知，興趣的火花被盡早“點(diǎn)燃”，在將來(lái)會(huì)是一件好事，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)與A項(xiàng)“Awakened點(diǎn)燃”意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Beingaroundanimalsalsoteacheschildrenwhattheycantakewiththemintoadulthood.Itbuildsfoundationsofresponsibility,kindness,aswellasperseveranceandproblemsolving.Weworktogetherasafamilyalotonthefarm,whichbuildsastrongworkethicandasenseofteamwork—bothfantasticlifeskills.(它建立了責(zé)任、善良、毅力和解決問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)。我們一家人經(jīng)常在農(nóng)場(chǎng)一起工作，這建立了強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德和團(tuán)隊(duì)意識(shí)——這兩種都是很棒的生活技能。)”可知，早期與農(nóng)場(chǎng)接觸可以讓孩子建立責(zé)任、善良、毅力和解決問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)，還可以形成強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德和團(tuán)隊(duì)意識(shí)這樣的生活技能，由此可知，早期與農(nóng)場(chǎng)的接觸可以培養(yǎng)兒童的性格和能力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段“I’mafirmbelieverthatyoudon’tknowwhatyou’regoingtoloveuntilyoutryit.Myhopeisthatifchildrenfromnonruralbackgroundsgetatasteofwhatit’slikeonafarm,thentheymightdiscoversomethingtheylove.(我堅(jiān)信你不知道你會(huì)愛(ài)上什么，除非你嘗試過(guò)。我的希望是，如果來(lái)自非農(nóng)村背景的孩子們能體驗(yàn)一下農(nóng)場(chǎng)的生活，那么他們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡的東西。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為只有你嘗試過(guò)才會(huì)愛(ài)上，同時(shí)，作者希望沒(méi)有農(nóng)村成長(zhǎng)背景的孩子來(lái)體驗(yàn)一下農(nóng)場(chǎng)生活會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡的東西，由此可知，作者贊成的觀點(diǎn)是興趣源于實(shí)踐。故選D項(xiàng)。CAnthropologistDanielMillerhasobservedthatanalien(外星人)visitingEarthmightsupposethatfourwheeledcreaturesruletheplanet.Theserulers,hepointsout,are“servedbyahostofslaveswhowalkonlegsandspendtheirwholelivesservingthem.”Hemeantthisasajoke,butitmirrorsAmericancarculturetosomeextent.IntheUS,thecostsofcardependencykeepgrowing,farabovethe$12,000peryearaverageexpenseofowninganewone.Coasttocoast,thecarswedrivecauseabout16%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Theycausesignificantairpollution,whichworsensheartdiseaserates.Motorvehicleaccidentsarealeadingcauseofdeathinpeopleaged1to44.Since2010thenumberofpedestrians(行人)killedbycarshasincreasedtoabout7,500ayear.Americancarcultureisachoicethatnowesattoohighacost,bothforourselvesandfortheenvironment.Afteracenturyofitscentralplaceinourlives,weneedtorethinkourworldintoonenotsoattachedtocars.Solutionsareobviousandrightinfrontofus.Sidewalksandbiketrailsshouldreceivethesamepriority(優(yōu)先權(quán))asroadsinourcities,insteadofbeingafterthoughts.UnreasonabledemandsbytheGovernmentthatthepublicgetbackbehindthewheeltoofficesneedtostop.Wecanevenprovidediscountstobicyclistswhotakethetrainorsubway.Anotherrealityisthatcarparkingistoocheapacrossmuchofthecountry,wheredifferentparkingpricescanchangeourplansfromhoppinginthecarduringrushhourstotakingthesubwayinstead.Weneedtoendourcarcenteredwayoflifenationwide.Otherwise,thosealienswillhavemadetherightcallonwhoserveswho,thecarsorthepeople.28.Whyarealiensandslavesmentionedatthebeginning?A.Toparealienstoslaves.B.Toamusereaderswithajoke.C.Towarnreadersoftheingdanger.D.Toillustratehumans’dependenceoncars.29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thegreatpopularityofcars. B.Thenegativeimpactofcars.C.Theenvironmentaldamagebycars. D.Thehighcostofowningcars.30.Whichmeasuremightbetakenaccordingtotheauthor?A.Promotewalkingandbicycling. B.Demandthepublicdrivetowork.C.Offerfreetrainridestobicyclists. D.Reduceparkingfeesinrushhours.31.Whatisthetextaimedat?A.IntroducingAmericancarculture.B.Remendingareplacementforcars.C.Encouragingalesscardependentlifestyle.D.Explainingthephenomenonofcardependency.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該減少對(duì)汽車的依賴，因?yàn)槠囉泻芏嘭?fù)面影響，并提出了可行的解決方案?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Hemeantthisasajoke,butitmirrorsAmericancarculturetosomeextent.IntheUS,thecostsofcardependencykeepgrowing,farabovethe$12,000peryearaverageexpenseofowninganewone.(他的本意是開(kāi)玩笑，但這在某種程度上反映了美國(guó)的汽車文化。在美國(guó)，依賴汽車的成本持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于擁有一輛新車的平均每年1.2萬(wàn)美元的成本。)”可知，開(kāi)頭提到了外星人和奴隸是為了表明人類對(duì)汽車的依賴。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Coasttocoast,thecarswedrivecauseabout16%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Theycausesignificantairpollution,whichworsensheartdiseaserates.Motorvehicleaccidentsarealeadingcauseofdeathinpeopleaged1to44.Since2010thenumberofpedestrians(行人)killedbycarshasincreasedtoabout7,500ayear.(從東海岸到西海岸，我們駕駛的汽車造成了大約16%的溫室氣體排放。它們?cè)斐蓢?yán)重的空氣污染，加劇了心臟病的發(fā)病率。機(jī)動(dòng)車事故是1至44歲人群死亡的主要原因。自2010年以來(lái)，被汽車撞死的行人數(shù)量增加到每年約7500人。)”可知，第二段主要是講汽車的負(fù)面影響。故選B。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Sidewalksandbiketrailsshouldreceivethesamepriority(優(yōu)先權(quán))asroadsinourcities,insteadofbeingafterthoughts.(在我們的城市中，人行道和自行車道應(yīng)該像道路一樣得到同樣的重視，而不是事后考慮。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為可以采取鼓勵(lì)步行和騎行的措施。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weneedtoendourcarcenteredwayoflifenationwide.Otherwise,thosealienswillhavemadetherightcallonwhoserveswho,thecarsorthepeople.(我們需要在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)結(jié)束以汽車為中心的生活方式。否則，那些外星人就會(huì)做出正確的決定，誰(shuí)為誰(shuí)服務(wù)，是車還是人。)”可知，文章是為了鼓勵(lì)少依賴汽車的生活方式。故選C。DBabiesasyoungasfourmonthsoldcanmakesenseofhowtheirbodiesinteractwiththespacearoundthem,accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofBirmingham.Thefindings,publishedinScientificReports,thrownewlightonhowselfawarenessdevelops.Inthefirststage,expertsfromtheBirminghamBabyLabshowedbabiesaballonascreenmovingtowardsthem.Whentheballwasclosesttothemonthescreen,thebabieswerepresentedwithatouchontheirhands,whiletheirbrainactivitywasbeingmeasured.Itwasfoundthateveninthefirstfewmonthsoflife,beforebabieshaveevenlearnedtoreachforobjects,themultisensory(多感官的)brainiswireduptomakelinksbetweenwhatbabiesseeandwhattheyfeel.DrGiuliaOrioli,thestudyleader,said:“Sinceweknowbabiesintheearlystagesoftheirdevelopmentbegintoshowsignsofthis,itopensupquestionsabouthowmuchoftheseabilitiesarelearned,orinborn.”Thenaballonascreenwasshownmovingawayfromtheminthesecondstage.Theexpertsfoundthatinbabiesagedeightmonthsoldwhenthetouchontheirhandfollowedtheballonthescreenmovingawayfromthem,thebabies’brainactivityshowedsignsthattheywereamazed.Theolderbabies’responsessuggestthattheyhadnotexpectedthetouch.Next,theresearchersareplanningtofollowupthisstudywithyoungerparticipants,hopingtobeabletoseeifthereareearlysignsofthese“multisensory”abilitiesinnewbornbabies.“Itisachallengeworkingwithnewborns,”DrOrioliconcluded,“butwearestartingtohavesomesuccessworkingwiththisagegroup,anditisgoingtobefascinatingtoseeifbabiesonlyafewdaysoldhavethefoundationsofasenseoftheirbodiesinspace.Ifso,itcouldbethatwearelookingattheoriginsofhumanconsciousness.”32.WhatcanwelearnaboutStage1oftheresearch?A.Babies’multisensoryabilitiesarelearned.B.Babieslearntoreachforobjectsearlierthanexpected.C.Babiesconnectwhattheyseeandfeelinthefirstfewmonths.D.Babies’brainactivitywasmeasuredwhenaballtouchedthem.33.Whatisthebabies’responseinStage2oftheresearch?A.Surprise. B.Fear. C.Calmness. D.Annoyance.34.HowdoesDrOriolifeelaboutthefutureofthisresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Hopeful. C.Puzzled. D.Worried.35.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Babies’InteractionwithBallsMeasuredB.OriginsofHumanConsciousnessFoundC.Babies’MultisensoryBrainDevelopedatBirthD.YoungBabiesShowingSignsofSelfawareness【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。根據(jù)伯明翰大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，4個(gè)月大的嬰兒就能理解他們的身體是如何與周圍的空間相互作用的。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報(bào)告》上的研究結(jié)果，為自我意識(shí)的發(fā)展提供了新的視角。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Itwasfoundthateveninthefirstfewmonthsoflife,beforebabieshaveevenlearnedtoreachforobjects,themultisensory(多感官的)brainiswireduptomakelinksbetweenwhatbabiesseeandwhattheyfeel.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使在嬰兒出生后的頭幾個(gè)月，在他們還沒(méi)有學(xué)會(huì)伸手去拿東西之前，多感官大腦就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始連接起來(lái)，把嬰兒看到的和感覺(jué)到的聯(lián)系起來(lái)。)”可知，從研究的第一階段可以了解到嬰兒在最初的幾個(gè)月里會(huì)把他們看到和感覺(jué)到的東西聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Theexpertsfoundthatinbabiesagedeightmonthsoldwhenthetouchontheirhandfollowedtheballonthescreenmovingawayfromthem,thebabies’brainactivityshowedsignsthattheywereamazed.(專家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在8個(gè)月大的嬰兒中，當(dāng)他們的手觸摸屏幕上的球遠(yuǎn)離他們時(shí)，嬰兒的大腦活動(dòng)顯示出他們感到驚訝的跡象。)”可知，研究的第二階段中嬰兒的反應(yīng)是驚訝。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句中的“butwearestartingtohavesomesuccessworkingwiththisagegroup,anditisgoingtobefascinatingtoseeifbabiesonlyafewdaysoldhavethefoundationsofasenseoftheirbodiesinspace.Ifso,itcouldbethatwearelookingattheoriginsofhumanconsciousness.(但是我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始在這個(gè)年齡段取得了一些成功，看看幾天大的嬰兒是否已經(jīng)有了在空間中感知自己身體的基礎(chǔ)，這將是一件很有趣的事情。如果是這樣的話，我們可能正在研究人類意識(shí)的起源。)”可知，Orioli博士對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究的未來(lái)感到很有希望。故選B。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Babiesasyoungasfourmonthsoldcanmakesenseofhowtheirbodiesinteractwiththespacearoundthem,accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofBirmingham.Thefindings,publishedinScientificReports,thrownewlightonhowselfawarenessdevelops.(根據(jù)伯明翰大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，4個(gè)月大的嬰兒就能理解他們的身體是如何與周圍的空間相互作用的。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報(bào)告》上的研究結(jié)果，為自我意識(shí)的發(fā)展提供了新的視角。)”可知，文章主要是講科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)4個(gè)月大的嬰兒就能理解他們的身體是如何與周圍的空間相互作用的，這顯示出了自我意識(shí)，D項(xiàng)“嬰兒表現(xiàn)出自我意識(shí)的跡象”適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Summer—ReadyTheweatherisstartingtowarmupnow._____36_____However,ifyourpatio(露臺(tái))isn'tcurrentlytidyorstylish,thefollowingadvicewillgetitintiptopshapeintimeforthesummer.●Prepareyourpatio.Firstthingsfirst:thepatioitself.Ifyoursislookingalittleuntidy,thenbringoutthepressurewasherandgiveitagoodwashtogetitlookingmoreattractive.Ifit'sstilllookingterribleforuse,theanswerliesinanoutdoorcarpet(地毯)._____37_____Sothrowonedownforinstantstyleandyourguestswillbenonethewiser.●Gettherightfurniture.Havinginvitinglyfortableseatstositinisasurewaytomakeyouapopularhost,sogettherightfurnitureforyourneeds.Ifyouhavelimitedspace,chooseaspacesavingsofaordiningset—onethatcanfoldawayorthathasacubedesign,bywhichthechairscanbepushedrightinsidethetableafteruse.______38______●Createacookingspace.______39______Itcan'tgowithoutabarbecue,somakesureyouhaveone!Barbecuingistheperfectwaytomakeyourdeliciousfoodcentrestageandisidealforsocializing:thebarbecueshelvesprovidesomewhereforyourgueststoputdowntheirdrinksandenjoyplatesofsummersnackswhileyoucookupastorminthemiddle.●_____40_____Addingplantsinattractivepotscanmakeabigdifferencetoanyspace,soplacesomeinyourpatiohereandthere.Thesecolourfulpotswilladdabright,sunnyairforyoursummerparty.Ifyoureallywanttomakeitimpressive,youcanalsoaddhanginglanternsaboveyouroutdoordiningtableforromanticdinnersatduskthatyourguestswillneverforget.A.Keepaneyeontheweather.B.Makeanatmosphereintheair.C.Carpetseinallstylesandsizes.D.Thesemagiccarpetswillcoverupthetruth.E.Sooutdoorsummerpartieswillsoonbeinfullswing.F.Asummerpartyisliketheoutdoorversionofakitchendiner.G.Forlargerpatios,spacioussofasetsgiveahugelywelingfeel.【答案】36.E37.D38.G39.F40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要圍繞“如何準(zhǔn)備露臺(tái)以迎接夏季聚會(huì)”這一主題，給出了具體的建議和步驟，包括準(zhǔn)備露臺(tái)、選擇合適的家具、創(chuàng)建烹飪空間以及營(yíng)造氛圍等方面。【36題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Theweatherisstartingtowarmupnow.(現(xiàn)在天氣開(kāi)始暖和起來(lái)了。)”可知，天氣開(kāi)始暖和起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)E“Sooutdoorsummerpartieswillsoonbeinfullswing.(所以戶外夏季聚會(huì)很快就會(huì)如火如荼。)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是天氣暖和了，戶外聚會(huì)開(kāi)始增多。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifit'sstilllookingterribleforuse,theanswerliesinanoutdoorcarpet(地毯).(如果它看起來(lái)仍然不適合使用，那么答案就在于戶外地毯。)”可知，地毯對(duì)于露臺(tái)非常重要。選項(xiàng)D“Thesemagiccarpetswillcoverupthetruth.(這些神奇的地毯會(huì)掩蓋真相。)”與上文內(nèi)容相符，指的是如果露臺(tái)如果不合適，可以用地毯來(lái)遮蓋。故選D。【38題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Havinginvitinglyfortableseatstositinisasurewaytomakeyouapopularhost,sogettherightfurnitureforyourneeds.Ifyouhavelimitedspace,chooseaspacesavingsofaordiningset—onethatcanfoldawayorthathasacubedesign,bywhichthechairscanbepushedrightinsidethetableafteruse.(擁有舒適的座椅肯定會(huì)讓你成為一個(gè)受歡迎的主人，所以根據(jù)你的需要選擇合適的家具。如果你的空間有限，選擇一個(gè)節(jié)省空間的沙發(fā)或餐具一個(gè)可以折疊或有一個(gè)立方體的設(shè)計(jì)，這樣椅子可以在使用后推到桌子里面。)”可知，上文提到的是要為露臺(tái)選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)募揖?。選項(xiàng)G“Forlargerpatios,spacioussofasetsgiveahugelywelingfeel.(對(duì)于較大的露臺(tái)，寬敞的沙發(fā)會(huì)給人一種非常溫馨的感覺(jué)。)”與本段內(nèi)容相符，指的是大露臺(tái)可以配置寬敞的組合沙發(fā)。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Createacookingspace.(創(chuàng)造一個(gè)烹飪空間。)”以及下文“Itcan'tgowithoutabarbecue,somakesureyouhaveone!(沒(méi)有燒烤是不行的，所以一定要準(zhǔn)備好！)”可知，本段指的是要在露臺(tái)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)烹飪空間。選項(xiàng)F“Asummerpartyisliketheoutdoorversionofakitchendiner.(夏季聚會(huì)就像戶外版的廚房餐廳。)”與本段內(nèi)容相符，指的是露臺(tái)上要有可烹飪的地方，同時(shí)引出下文的“barbecue”。故選F。【40題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Addingplantsinattractivepotscanmakeabigdifferencetoanyspace,soplacesomeinyourpatiohereandthere.Thesecolourfulpotswilladdabright,sunnyairforyoursummerparty.Ifyoureallywanttomakeitimpressive,youcanalsoaddhanginglanternsaboveyouroutdoordiningtableforromanticdinnersatduskthatyourguestswillneverforget.(在有吸引力的花盆里種植植物可以給任