浙江省臺州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題含聽力

臺州市高一年級期末質(zhì)量評估試題英語滿分150分考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.作答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動,先劃掉原來的答案,然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whomaythewomanborrowabikefrom?A.Amy. B.Leo. C.Linda.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Leo,canIuseyourbike?IusuallyborrowLinda’s,buthersislost.M:Sorry,mineisbroken.AskAmy.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanhave?A.Friedrice. B.Ahamburger. C.Asandwich.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatwouldyoulike?Hamburger,sandwich,hotdog,friedrice.Wedoeverything.W:Takeawayfriedricesoundsgood.M:OK,friedrice.W:No,onsecondthought,I’llhaveatomatosandwich.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Chooseagoodtopic. B.Dosomeexercise. C.Finishhisessayquickly.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ijustcan’tthinkofagoodtopicformyessay.Idon’tknowwhattodo.W:Tryrunning.Exercisealwayshelpsmeclearmymindandthinkofideas.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whyisthemaninahurry?A.Tofindadoctor. B.Topickuphiswife. C.Toseehisdaughter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyouinsuchahurry?M:I’mrushingtothehospitaltoseemybaby.Ijustgotaphonecallfromthehospitaltellingthatmywifehadgivenbirthtoagirl.W:Congratulationsonbeingafather!5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthespeedlimit?A.65mph. B.72mph. C.75mph.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Igetfinedforspeeding.Itcostme$60.W:Don’tyouknowthespeedlimitis65mph?M:No,Ithoughtitwas75mph.AndIdroveataspeedof72mph.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Atahairdresser’s. C.Atarestaurant.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Attendawedding.B.Payavisittoafriend.C.Takephotoswiththeman.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi.Nicetoseeyouhere.Howhaveyoubeen?M:Hi.I’mgood.I’mgettingmyhaircuttoday.W:Yourhairisverylong.Areyougettingitcutshort?M:Notreallyshort.Ithinkshoulderlengthisfine.Areyougettingyourhaircut,too?W:Nottoday.Myfriendisgettingmarried,soI’mjustgettingmyhaircoloredandstyled.M:Ican’twaittoseehowitturnsout.W:Iwilltakepictureswhenthehairdresserisdone.M:Oh,it’smyturnnow.Talktoyoulater.W:OK.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hemissedthebus.B.Hegotonthewrongbus.C.Hegotoffatthewrongstop.9.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Nervous. B.Annoyed. C.Grateful.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,IwanttoseetheTerraCottaWarriorsinXi'an.Couldyoupleaseremindmewhenwearearrivingatthatstop?W:Oh.Youtookthewrongbus.YouneedtotakebusNo.151whichgoesintheoppositedirection.M:Oh,no!WhatshouldIdonow?W:Don'tworry.Youcangetoffatthenextstop,walkacrossthestreetandtakebusNo.151totheoppositedirection.M:OK.HowmanystopsdoIhavetogo?W:About15stops.M:Thatisalongwaytogo.It'ssokindofyoutohelpme.Thankyouverymuch.W:Mypleasure.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Brotherandsister. C.Classmates.11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Talkwithherteachers.B.Keepstudyingliterature.C.Chooseamajorshelikes.12.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanwanttolearn?A.Maths. B.Translation. C.Education【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Ilovestudyingliterature,butI’mnotsureifIshouldkeepthismajorthroughtherestofmycollegeyears.It’saharddecisiontomake.M:Well,doyouhaveanyproblemswithyourclasses?W:Actually,theclassesaregreat,andIhavearelaxingschedule.I’mconsideringchoosingsomeothercourses.ButIdon’twanttoletourmomanddaddown.M:Don’tworry.Althoughmomanddadchoseliteratureastheirmajorwhentheywereincollege,youstillcanchooseanythingyouwant!They’llbehappyforyou.SoamI.W:Thanks.Ourfamilyhasapositiveimpactonourinterests.Iknowyouwanttobeeatranslatorafteryougraduatenextyear.ButIjuststarteduniversityandwanttoconsiderotherdirections.M:That’sgreat.Whatabouteducation?W:Italkedwithmyteachersaboutthisbefore,butI’dliketotakemorecoursesinmathsandscience.M:Ineverstudiedthosesubjectsmuch.Butifyou’dliketotrythem,you’llalwayshavemysupport!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13WhyisMarnieupset?A.ShewaslaughedatbyLaura.B.Sheisshyinfrontofthepublic.C.Shethinksshe’llloseaspeechcontest.14.WhatisLauralike?A.Patient. B.Talented. C.Helpful.15.WhatdoesthemansuggestMamiedo?A.Practicemore. B.Writeagoodspeech. C.TalkwithLaura.16.Whatisthemandoing?A.EncouragingMarnie. B.TestingMarnie. C.PraisingMarnie.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Marnie,areyouOK?Youlookkindofdown.W:Oh,hey,Dad.M:What’sup?W:Well,there’saspeechcontestatschoolnextweekandI’minit.ButIknowIwon’twin.M:Whydoyousaythat?W:BecauseI’mpetingagainstLauraSanders.Youknowher...she’sthebestateverything.M:Marnie,that’snottrue.AndI’vereadyourspeechesbefore.They’rereallygood.W:Yeah,butItrytowritewell.AndI’mshyinfrontoflargegroups.AsforLaura,shedoeseverythingperfectly.Whensheheardwewerepeting,sheevenlaughed!M:Look,justbecauseLaura’sgooddoesn’tmeanshe’llwin.I’lltellyouagain,Marnie,youcanwriteagoodspeech.Andyoucanovereyourshyness,too.Youjustneedtopracticealot.Bepatient,workhard,andyou’lldofine.Ibetyou’llevenwin.W:Yeah.Maybeyou’reright.Thanks,Dad.You’resohelpful.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatistheweatherlikeinthemorning?A.Cloudy. B.Rainy C.Clear.18.Whatisthehighesttemperaturetomorrow?A.7℃. B.9℃. C.18℃.19.Whichhighwaydoesthespeakersuggesttakingtoheadsouth?A.Highway6. B.Highway16. C.Highway17.20.Whatwillfollowafterabreak?A.SportsUpdates. B.TrafficUpdates. C.WeatherUpdates【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Hello,everyone.It’snow9o’clockinthemorning,timeforourradio’shourlyweatherreport.Ifyou’rejustabouttoleaveyourhouse,don’tforgettotakeyourumbrellawithyou.Therainisexpectedtostartintheearlymorning,sopreparetoprotectyourself.However,theskywillclearthisafternoon,andthetemperaturewillbe18℃.Itwillbeamuchcoolerdaytomorrowwithahighofonly7℃,thecoldestdayinseveralmonths,soyou’llneedawarmcoatwhenyouheadoutinthemorning.Nowforthetrafficreport.OnHighway6goingsouth,trafficismovingslowly,soifyou’reheadingsouth,weremendtakingHighway17.ButrememberthathighwayconstructionisscheduledtobegintomorrowalongHighway16fromCherryStreetuptoDeltaRoadexit.Youmaywanttoavoidthatareaforthenextfewweeks.Now,afterabreakwewillbewithRobinforthesportsupdates.Sopleasestaywithus.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADespitewinningvariousprizesoverthelast30years,PercivalEverett’snamehadnevercrossedmanyreaders’desksuntilTheTreeswasshortlistedforthe2022BookerPrize.Filledwithoriginalityandwit,hislatestworkJamesisaretellingofMarkTwain’sclassicHuckleberryFinnfromtheperspective(視角)ofJim.Jim,orJames,istheslave(奴隸)ofMissWatson,whodecidestosellhimandseparatehimfromhisfamily.SoJimdecidestorunaway.He’ssoonfoundbyHuckleberry,whohasalsorunawayfromhisviolentfather,andthetwodrawupaplantosaveeachother.Twainstartshisstorybyexplainingvariousdialects.EverettassumesthatperhapsTwainwasonlyfamiliarwiththedialectandintelligencethattheAfricanAmericanslavesshowedtowhitepeople,asawayofprotectingthemselvesfromthosewhoconsideredaneducatedslavedangerous.AcharacterlikeJimtendstopretendtobesimplemindedtoavoidsuspicions(懷疑).EverettgiveshimthedepthandrichnessthatTwainwasnotabletoimagine.Inaninterview,Everetttalksabouthisnovelsayingthat“Ihopethatnoonethinksthatmynovelisaboutslavery.There’sadifferencebetweenwritingastoryaboutpeoplewhohappentobeslavesandwritingastoryaboutslavery.”21.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Abiography.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Anadvertisement.22.AccordingtoEverett,whydoesJimpresenthimselfassimpleminded?A.Toreceivebettereducation. B.Toprovehimselfunintelligent.C.Toprotecthimselffromthewhites. D.Togetfamiliarwithotherslaves.23.WhatdoweknowaboutEverettfromthetext?A.HeregardsJamesasabookonslavery.B.HeborrowsMarkTwain’scharacterJimblindly.C.Hehasbeenahouseholdnameforthepastthreedecades.D.HerenewsHuckleberryFinnthroughanescapedslave’seye.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇書評，主要講述了PercivalEverett的最新作品《James》。這部作品是對馬克·吐溫的經(jīng)典作品《哈克貝利·芬歷險記》的重新詮釋，從奴隸Jim的視角出發(fā)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Despitewinningvariousprizesoverthelast30years,PercivalEverett'snamehadnevercrossedmanyreaders'desksuntilTheTreeswasshortlistedforthe2022BookerPrize.”（盡管在過去的30年里贏得了各種獎項，但PercivalEverett的名字直到《樹》入圍2022年布克獎才為許多讀者所知。）以及第二段中“Filledwithoriginalityandwit,hislatestworkJamesisaretellingofMarkTwain'sclassicHuckleberryFinnfromtheperspective(視角)ofJim.”（他的最新作品《James》充滿了獨創(chuàng)性和機智，是從Jim的視角重新詮釋馬克·吐溫的經(jīng)典作品《哈克貝利·芬歷險記》。）可知，本文主要介紹了PercivalEverett的新作《James》；由此可知，本文是一篇書評。故選A。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“EverettassumesthatperhapsTwainwasonlyfamiliarwiththedialectandintelligencethattheAfricanAmericanslavesshowedtowhitepeople,asawayofprotectingthemselvesfromthosewhoconsideredaneducatedslavedangerous.AcharacterlikeJimtendstopretendtobesimplemindedtoavoidsuspicions(懷疑).”（Everett假設(shè)，也許吐溫只熟悉非洲裔美國奴隸向白人展示的方言和智慧，作為保護自己免受那些認為受過教育的奴隸危險的人的方式。像Jim這樣的角色往往會假裝自己頭腦簡單，以避免懷疑。）可知，Jim假裝自己頭腦簡單是為了保護自己免受白人的懷疑。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Filledwithoriginalityandwit,hislatestworkJamesisaretellingofMarkTwain'sclassicHuckleberryFinnfromtheperspective(視角)ofJim.Jim,orJames,istheslave(奴隸)ofMissWatson,whodecidestosellhimandseparatehimfromhisfamily.”（他的最新作品《James》充滿了獨創(chuàng)性和智慧，從Jim的角度重新講述了馬克·吐溫的經(jīng)典名著《哈克貝利·費恩歷險記》。Jim，或James，是MissWatson的奴隸，她決定賣掉他，把他和家人分開。）和第三段中“EverettgiveshimthedepthandrichnessthatTwainwasnotabletoimagine.”（Everett賦予了Jim吐溫?zé)o法想象的深度和豐富性。）可知，Everett通過奴隸的視角重新詮釋了《哈克貝利·芬歷險記》。故選D。BGrowingupinrural(農(nóng)村的)munities,Ialwayshadaloveofthecountryside,animalsandnature.ThebooksIreadasachildoftenhadanimalsattheirheart—TheOwlWhowasAfraidoftheDark,Charlotte’sWeb.Farming,however,wassomethingIexperiencedlaterinlife,inmyteenageyears.It’ssomethingIinstantlyconnectedwith,andIfeelfortunatethatmychildrenhavebeenabletogrowuphelpingoutonthefarmandspendinglotsoftimewithourlivestockandpets.It’ssoimportanttogetaconnectionwithfarmingatanearlystage.Wealleatfood,sobeingfamiliarwithwhereitesfromandwhatgoesintoproducingitisanaturalthing.Ifasparkofinterestcanbeignitedearly,itcanonlybeagoodthinggoingforward.It’sajoytoseethechildren’sfaceslightuponschoolvisitswhentheyseethephotosofanimalsonourfamilyfarmandwatchthevideoofanegghatching(孵化).Animalshaveauniquemagicalloftheirown.Beingaroundanimalsalsoteacheschildrenwhattheycantakewiththemintoadulthood.Itbuildsfoundationsofresponsibilitykindness,aswellasperseveranceandproblemsolving.Weworktogetherasafamilyalotonthefarm,whichbuildsastrongworkethicandasenseofteamwork—bothfantasticlifeskills.I’mafirmbelieverthatyoudon’tknowwhatyou’regoingtoloveuntilyoutryit.Myhopeisthatifchildrenfromnonruralbackgroundsgetatasteofwhatit’slikeonafarm,thentheymightdiscoversomethingtheylove.24.Howdoestheauthorleadintothetopic?A.Byshowinghisdesiretokeepanimals.B.Byremendinghischildhoodreads.C.Bysharinghisownexperiencewithnature.D.Byparinghisfarmlifewithhischildren’s.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Awakened. B.Expressed. C.Weakened. D.Kept.26.Whatroledoesanearlycontactwithfarmingplayinchildren’sgrowth?A.Atimekiller. B.Acharacterbuilder.C.Asocialconnector. D.Anemotionalforter.27.Whichstatementdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Wellbegunishalfdone. B.Whatpainsusshapesus.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Intereststartswithpractice.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過講述個人的經(jīng)歷，論述了在人生的早期階段，在農(nóng)村長大給成長帶來的好處?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Growingupinrural(農(nóng)村的)munities,Ialwayshadaloveofthecountryside,animalsandnature.ThebooksIreadasachildoftenhadanimalsattheirheart—TheOwlWhowasAfraidoftheDark,Charlotte’sWeb.(在農(nóng)村社區(qū)長大，我一直熱愛鄉(xiāng)村、動物和大自然。我小時候讀的書里經(jīng)常有動物的身影——《怕黑的貓頭鷹》、《夏洛的網(wǎng)》。)”可知，該段介紹了作者在農(nóng)村成長的經(jīng)歷帶來的影響，由此可知，本文是通過介紹個人經(jīng)歷引入話題的。故選C項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞后的“It’sajoytoseethechildren’sfaceslightuponschoolvisitswhentheyseethephotosofanimalsonourfamilyfarmandwatchthevideoofanegghatching(孵化).Animalshaveauniquemagicalloftheirown.(當(dāng)孩子們參觀學(xué)校時，看到我們家庭農(nóng)場里動物的照片和雞蛋孵化的視頻，他們的臉上都露出了喜悅的表情。)”可知，孩子們看到農(nóng)場里的動物的照片和雞蛋孵化的視頻時，他們都會感到開心，結(jié)合劃線單詞所在的句子“Ifasparkofinterestcanbe…early,itcanonlybeagoodthinggoingforward.(如果興趣的火花能夠及早被……，那么它在將來只會是一件好事。)”可推知，興趣的火花被盡早“點燃”，在將來會是一件好事，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)與A項“Awakened點燃”意義相近。故選A項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Beingaroundanimalsalsoteacheschildrenwhattheycantakewiththemintoadulthood.Itbuildsfoundationsofresponsibility,kindness,aswellasperseveranceandproblemsolving.Weworktogetherasafamilyalotonthefarm,whichbuildsastrongworkethicandasenseofteamwork—bothfantasticlifeskills.(它建立了責(zé)任、善良、毅力和解決問題的基礎(chǔ)。我們一家人經(jīng)常在農(nóng)場一起工作，這建立了強烈的職業(yè)道德和團隊意識——這兩種都是很棒的生活技能。)”可知，早期與農(nóng)場接觸可以讓孩子建立責(zé)任、善良、毅力和解決問題的基礎(chǔ)，還可以形成強烈的職業(yè)道德和團隊意識這樣的生活技能，由此可知，早期與農(nóng)場的接觸可以培養(yǎng)兒童的性格和能力。故選B項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段“I’mafirmbelieverthatyoudon’tknowwhatyou’regoingtoloveuntilyoutryit.Myhopeisthatifchildrenfromnonruralbackgroundsgetatasteofwhatit’slikeonafarm,thentheymightdiscoversomethingtheylove.(我堅信你不知道你會愛上什么，除非你嘗試過。我的希望是，如果來自非農(nóng)村背景的孩子們能體驗一下農(nóng)場的生活，那么他們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡的東西。)”可知，作者認為只有你嘗試過才會愛上，同時，作者希望沒有農(nóng)村成長背景的孩子來體驗一下農(nóng)場生活會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡的東西，由此可知，作者贊成的觀點是興趣源于實踐。故選D項。CAnthropologistDanielMillerhasobservedthatanalien(外星人)visitingEarthmightsupposethatfourwheeledcreaturesruletheplanet.Theserulers,hepointsout,are“servedbyahostofslaveswhowalkonlegsandspendtheirwholelivesservingthem.”Hemeantthisasajoke,butitmirrorsAmericancarculturetosomeextent.IntheUS,thecostsofcardependencykeepgrowing,farabovethe$12,000peryearaverageexpenseofowninganewone.Coasttocoast,thecarswedrivecauseabout16%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Theycausesignificantairpollution,whichworsensheartdiseaserates.Motorvehicleaccidentsarealeadingcauseofdeathinpeopleaged1to44.Since2010thenumberofpedestrians(行人)killedbycarshasincreasedtoabout7,500ayear.Americancarcultureisachoicethatnowesattoohighacost,bothforourselvesandfortheenvironment.Afteracenturyofitscentralplaceinourlives,weneedtorethinkourworldintoonenotsoattachedtocars.Solutionsareobviousandrightinfrontofus.Sidewalksandbiketrailsshouldreceivethesamepriority(優(yōu)先權(quán))asroadsinourcities,insteadofbeingafterthoughts.UnreasonabledemandsbytheGovernmentthatthepublicgetbackbehindthewheeltoofficesneedtostop.Wecanevenprovidediscountstobicyclistswhotakethetrainorsubway.Anotherrealityisthatcarparkingistoocheapacrossmuchofthecountry,wheredifferentparkingpricescanchangeourplansfromhoppinginthecarduringrushhourstotakingthesubwayinstead.Weneedtoendourcarcenteredwayoflifenationwide.Otherwise,thosealienswillhavemadetherightcallonwhoserveswho,thecarsorthepeople.28.Whyarealiensandslavesmentionedatthebeginning?A.Toparealienstoslaves.B.Toamusereaderswithajoke.C.Towarnreadersoftheingdanger.D.Toillustratehumans’dependenceoncars.29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thegreatpopularityofcars. B.Thenegativeimpactofcars.C.Theenvironmentaldamagebycars. D.Thehighcostofowningcars.30.Whichmeasuremightbetakenaccordingtotheauthor?A.Promotewalkingandbicycling. B.Demandthepublicdrivetowork.C.Offerfreetrainridestobicyclists. D.Reduceparkingfeesinrushhours.31.Whatisthetextaimedat?A.IntroducingAmericancarculture.B.Remendingareplacementforcars.C.Encouragingalesscardependentlifestyle.D.Explainingthephenomenonofcardependency.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。作者認為人們應(yīng)該減少對汽車的依賴，因為汽車有很多負面影響，并提出了可行的解決方案?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Hemeantthisasajoke,butitmirrorsAmericancarculturetosomeextent.IntheUS,thecostsofcardependencykeepgrowing,farabovethe$12,000peryearaverageexpenseofowninganewone.(他的本意是開玩笑，但這在某種程度上反映了美國的汽車文化。在美國，依賴汽車的成本持續(xù)增長，遠遠高于擁有一輛新車的平均每年1.2萬美元的成本。)”可知，開頭提到了外星人和奴隸是為了表明人類對汽車的依賴。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Coasttocoast,thecarswedrivecauseabout16%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Theycausesignificantairpollution,whichworsensheartdiseaserates.Motorvehicleaccidentsarealeadingcauseofdeathinpeopleaged1to44.Since2010thenumberofpedestrians(行人)killedbycarshasincreasedtoabout7,500ayear.(從東海岸到西海岸，我們駕駛的汽車造成了大約16%的溫室氣體排放。它們造成嚴(yán)重的空氣污染，加劇了心臟病的發(fā)病率。機動車事故是1至44歲人群死亡的主要原因。自2010年以來，被汽車撞死的行人數(shù)量增加到每年約7500人。)”可知，第二段主要是講汽車的負面影響。故選B。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Sidewalksandbiketrailsshouldreceivethesamepriority(優(yōu)先權(quán))asroadsinourcities,insteadofbeingafterthoughts.(在我們的城市中，人行道和自行車道應(yīng)該像道路一樣得到同樣的重視，而不是事后考慮。)”可知，作者認為可以采取鼓勵步行和騎行的措施。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weneedtoendourcarcenteredwayoflifenationwide.Otherwise,thosealienswillhavemadetherightcallonwhoserveswho,thecarsorthepeople.(我們需要在全國范圍內(nèi)結(jié)束以汽車為中心的生活方式。否則，那些外星人就會做出正確的決定，誰為誰服務(wù)，是車還是人。)”可知，文章是為了鼓勵少依賴汽車的生活方式。故選C。DBabiesasyoungasfourmonthsoldcanmakesenseofhowtheirbodiesinteractwiththespacearoundthem,accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofBirmingham.Thefindings,publishedinScientificReports,thrownewlightonhowselfawarenessdevelops.Inthefirststage,expertsfromtheBirminghamBabyLabshowedbabiesaballonascreenmovingtowardsthem.Whentheballwasclosesttothemonthescreen,thebabieswerepresentedwithatouchontheirhands,whiletheirbrainactivitywasbeingmeasured.Itwasfoundthateveninthefirstfewmonthsoflife,beforebabieshaveevenlearnedtoreachforobjects,themultisensory(多感官的)brainiswireduptomakelinksbetweenwhatbabiesseeandwhattheyfeel.DrGiuliaOrioli,thestudyleader,said:“Sinceweknowbabiesintheearlystagesoftheirdevelopmentbegintoshowsignsofthis,itopensupquestionsabouthowmuchoftheseabilitiesarelearned,orinborn.”Thenaballonascreenwasshownmovingawayfromtheminthesecondstage.Theexpertsfoundthatinbabiesagedeightmonthsoldwhenthetouchontheirhandfollowedtheballonthescreenmovingawayfromthem,thebabies’brainactivityshowedsignsthattheywereamazed.Theolderbabies’responsessuggestthattheyhadnotexpectedthetouch.Next,theresearchersareplanningtofollowupthisstudywithyoungerparticipants,hopingtobeabletoseeifthereareearlysignsofthese“multisensory”abilitiesinnewbornbabies.“Itisachallengeworkingwithnewborns,”DrOrioliconcluded,“butwearestartingtohavesomesuccessworkingwiththisagegroup,anditisgoingtobefascinatingtoseeifbabiesonlyafewdaysoldhavethefoundationsofasenseoftheirbodiesinspace.Ifso,itcouldbethatwearelookingattheoriginsofhumanconsciousness.”32.WhatcanwelearnaboutStage1oftheresearch?A.Babies’multisensoryabilitiesarelearned.B.Babieslearntoreachforobjectsearlierthanexpected.C.Babiesconnectwhattheyseeandfeelinthefirstfewmonths.D.Babies’brainactivitywasmeasuredwhenaballtouchedthem.33.Whatisthebabies’responseinStage2oftheresearch?A.Surprise. B.Fear. C.Calmness. D.Annoyance.34.HowdoesDrOriolifeelaboutthefutureofthisresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Hopeful. C.Puzzled. D.Worried.35.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Babies’InteractionwithBallsMeasuredB.OriginsofHumanConsciousnessFoundC.Babies’MultisensoryBrainDevelopedatBirthD.YoungBabiesShowingSignsofSelfawareness【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。根據(jù)伯明翰大學(xué)的一項新研究，4個月大的嬰兒就能理解他們的身體是如何與周圍的空間相互作用的。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報告》上的研究結(jié)果，為自我意識的發(fā)展提供了新的視角。文章對此進行了詳細介紹?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Itwasfoundthateveninthefirstfewmonthsoflife,beforebabieshaveevenlearnedtoreachforobjects,themultisensory(多感官的)brainiswireduptomakelinksbetweenwhatbabiesseeandwhattheyfeel.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使在嬰兒出生后的頭幾個月，在他們還沒有學(xué)會伸手去拿東西之前，多感官大腦就已經(jīng)開始連接起來，把嬰兒看到的和感覺到的聯(lián)系起來。)”可知，從研究的第一階段可以了解到嬰兒在最初的幾個月里會把他們看到和感覺到的東西聯(lián)系起來。故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Theexpertsfoundthatinbabiesagedeightmonthsoldwhenthetouchontheirhandfollowedtheballonthescreenmovingawayfromthem,thebabies’brainactivityshowedsignsthattheywereamazed.(專家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在8個月大的嬰兒中，當(dāng)他們的手觸摸屏幕上的球遠離他們時，嬰兒的大腦活動顯示出他們感到驚訝的跡象。)”可知，研究的第二階段中嬰兒的反應(yīng)是驚訝。故選A。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句中的“butwearestartingtohavesomesuccessworkingwiththisagegroup,anditisgoingtobefascinatingtoseeifbabiesonlyafewdaysoldhavethefoundationsofasenseoftheirbodiesinspace.Ifso,itcouldbethatwearelookingattheoriginsofhumanconsciousness.(但是我們已經(jīng)開始在這個年齡段取得了一些成功，看看幾天大的嬰兒是否已經(jīng)有了在空間中感知自己身體的基礎(chǔ)，這將是一件很有趣的事情。如果是這樣的話，我們可能正在研究人類意識的起源。)”可知，Orioli博士對這項研究的未來感到很有希望。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Babiesasyoungasfourmonthsoldcanmakesenseofhowtheirbodiesinteractwiththespacearoundthem,accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofBirmingham.Thefindings,publishedinScientificReports,thrownewlightonhowselfawarenessdevelops.(根據(jù)伯明翰大學(xué)的一項新研究，4個月大的嬰兒就能理解他們的身體是如何與周圍的空間相互作用的。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報告》上的研究結(jié)果，為自我意識的發(fā)展提供了新的視角。)”可知，文章主要是講科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)4個月大的嬰兒就能理解他們的身體是如何與周圍的空間相互作用的，這顯示出了自我意識，D項“嬰兒表現(xiàn)出自我意識的跡象”適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Summer—ReadyTheweatherisstartingtowarmupnow._____36_____However,ifyourpatio(露臺)isn'tcurrentlytidyorstylish,thefollowingadvicewillgetitintiptopshapeintimeforthesummer.●Prepareyourpatio.Firstthingsfirst:thepatioitself.Ifyoursislookingalittleuntidy,thenbringoutthepressurewasherandgiveitagoodwashtogetitlookingmoreattractive.Ifit'sstilllookingterribleforuse,theanswerliesinanoutdoorcarpet(地毯)._____37_____Sothrowonedownforinstantstyleandyourguestswillbenonethewiser.●Gettherightfurniture.Havinginvitinglyfortableseatstositinisasurewaytomakeyouapopularhost,sogettherightfurnitureforyourneeds.Ifyouhavelimitedspace,chooseaspacesavingsofaordiningset—onethatcanfoldawayorthathasacubedesign,bywhichthechairscanbepushedrightinsidethetableafteruse.______38______●Createacookingspace.______39______Itcan'tgowithoutabarbecue,somakesureyouhaveone!Barbecuingistheperfectwaytomakeyourdeliciousfoodcentrestageandisidealforsocializing:thebarbecueshelvesprovidesomewhereforyourgueststoputdowntheirdrinksandenjoyplatesofsummersnackswhileyoucookupastorminthemiddle.●_____40_____Addingplantsinattractivepotscanmakeabigdifferencetoanyspace,soplacesomeinyourpatiohereandthere.Thesecolourfulpotswilladdabright,sunnyairforyoursummerparty.Ifyoureallywanttomakeitimpressive,youcanalsoaddhanginglanternsaboveyouroutdoordiningtableforromanticdinnersatduskthatyourguestswillneverforget.A.Keepaneyeontheweather.B.Makeanatmosphereintheair.C.Carpetseinallstylesandsizes.D.Thesemagiccarpetswillcoverupthetruth.E.Sooutdoorsummerpartieswillsoonbeinfullswing.F.Asummerpartyisliketheoutdoorversionofakitchendiner.G.Forlargerpatios,spacioussofasetsgiveahugelywelingfeel.【答案】36.E37.D38.G39.F40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞“如何準(zhǔn)備露臺以迎接夏季聚會”這一主題，給出了具體的建議和步驟，包括準(zhǔn)備露臺、選擇合適的家具、創(chuàng)建烹飪空間以及營造氛圍等方面?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Theweatherisstartingtowarmupnow.(現(xiàn)在天氣開始暖和起來了。)”可知，天氣開始暖和起來。選項E“Sooutdoorsummerpartieswillsoonbeinfullswing.(所以戶外夏季聚會很快就會如火如荼。)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是天氣暖和了，戶外聚會開始增多。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifit'sstilllookingterribleforuse,theanswerliesinanoutdoorcarpet(地毯).(如果它看起來仍然不適合使用，那么答案就在于戶外地毯。)”可知，地毯對于露臺非常重要。選項D“Thesemagiccarpetswillcoverupthetruth.(這些神奇的地毯會掩蓋真相。)”與上文內(nèi)容相符，指的是如果露臺如果不合適，可以用地毯來遮蓋。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Havinginvitinglyfortableseatstositinisasurewaytomakeyouapopularhost,sogettherightfurnitureforyourneeds.Ifyouhavelimitedspace,chooseaspacesavingsofaordiningset—onethatcanfoldawayorthathasacubedesign,bywhichthechairscanbepushedrightinsidethetableafteruse.(擁有舒適的座椅肯定會讓你成為一個受歡迎的主人，所以根據(jù)你的需要選擇合適的家具。如果你的空間有限，選擇一個節(jié)省空間的沙發(fā)或餐具一個可以折疊或有一個立方體的設(shè)計，這樣椅子可以在使用后推到桌子里面。)”可知，上文提到的是要為露臺選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)募揖摺＿x項G“Forlargerpatios,spacioussofasetsgiveahugelywelingfeel.(對于較大的露臺，寬敞的沙發(fā)會給人一種非常溫馨的感覺。)”與本段內(nèi)容相符，指的是大露臺可以配置寬敞的組合沙發(fā)。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Createacookingspace.(創(chuàng)造一個烹飪空間。)”以及下文“Itcan'tgowithoutabarbecue,somakesureyouhaveone!(沒有燒烤是不行的，所以一定要準(zhǔn)備好！)”可知，本段指的是要在露臺創(chuàng)造一個烹飪空間。選項F“Asummerpartyisliketheoutdoorversionofakitchendiner.(夏季聚會就像戶外版的廚房餐廳。)”與本段內(nèi)容相符，指的是露臺上要有可烹飪的地方，同時引出下文的“barbecue”。故選F?！?0題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Addingplantsinattractivepotscanmakeabigdifferencetoanyspace,soplacesomeinyourpatiohereandthere.Thesecolourfulpotswilladdabright,sunnyairforyoursummerparty.Ifyoureallywanttomakeitimpressive,youcanalsoaddhanginglanternsaboveyouroutdoordiningtableforromanticdinnersatduskthatyourguestswillneverforget.(在有吸引力的花盆里種植植物可以給任