英語國家概況Chapter-13

AGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountries英語國家概況CanadaChapter13

GeographyandHistory英語國家概況ThinkandTalkLead-inDiscoveryandExplorationEuropeanSettlementBritishCanadaCanadianNationCanadaSincethe1980sHistoryExercises

LocationandSizeGeographicalRegionsandClimateMajorCitiesGeographyExercisesChapter14:GeographyandHistorySichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringWhat’syourimpressionaboutCanadaILead-in:SichuanUniversityofScience&Engineering?Nationaltree:mapleSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringNationalflower:mapleleafILead-in:TheMapleLeafSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringTheRedMapleLeafFlagILead-in:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringMeaningsoftheCanadianflag?ThewhiteareameansthelargeareaofCanada.AsthelargeareaofCanadaiscoveredwithsnowforyears,it’swhite.ThemaplemeanstheCanadians.AsCanada’swestisPacific,itseastisAtlantic,thetworedareasmeanPacificandAtlantic.ILead-in:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringTheBeaverILead-in:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringHockey:Canada’snationalwintersportILead-in:Lacrosse:Canada’snationalsummersportSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringILead-in:NiagaraFallsSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringILead-in:thesecondlargestcountryintheworldlocatedintheNorthAmericancontinentAtlanticintheeast,Pacificinthewest,ArcticOceantothenorthsharelandborderswiththeUnitedStatestothesouthandnorthwestCanadahasthelongestcoastlineintheworld.√√√√√IIGeography:LocationandSizeSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringWhichofthefollowingdescriptionsiscorrectaboutCanada?IIGeography:LocationandSizeSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringCanadahasalandmassofnearly10millionsquarekilometers,almostasbigasthewholeofEurope.Its10provincesand3territoriescoverabouttwo-fifthsoftheNorthAmericancontinent.Fromnorthtosouth,itsterritorysprawlsmorethan4,600kilometers.Fromeasttowest,thecountrystretchesfromtheAtlanticOceantothePacificOcean,adistancethatspans6timezones.IIGeography:GeographicalRegionsandClimate1.HowmanygeographicregionscanCanadabedividedinto?TheAtlanticRegion:TheCentralRegion:ThePrairieRegion:ThePacificRegion:TheNorthernRegion:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIIGeography:GeographicalRegionsandClimate2.Canada’svastterritoryanduniquetopographyresultinaclimatewithwideregionalvariations.Canyoufigureoutwhattheweatherislikeintheaboveregions?TheAtlanticRegion:TheCentralRegion:ThePrairieRegion:ThePacificRegion:TheNorthernRegion:coldwinter,hotsummer,sparseprecipitationacontinentalclimateacontinentalclimateamoderateclimatetemperaturebelowzeroforsevenmonthsSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIIGeography:MajorCities—Ottawa渥太華圣母大教堂thecapitalofCanadathecountry’sfourthlargestcityamunicipalitywithintheprovinceofOntarioSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringOttawa?IIGeography:MajorCities—Toronto多倫多thecapitalofOntariothelargestcityinCanadaCanada’sfinancialandcommercialcenterSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringToronto?oneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworldIIGeography:MajorCities—Montreal蒙特利爾體育場thelargestcityintheCanadianprovinceofQuebecthesecondlargestcityinCanadaItheldthe21stOlympicGamesin1976.SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringMontreal?thesecondlargestFrench-speakingcityintheworldafterParisIIGeography:MajorCities—Quebeccity魁北克thesecondlargestcityinQuebecthecapitaloftheprovinceofQuebecthesecondoldestexistingEuropeansettlementinCanadaSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringQuebeccity?IIGeography:MajorCities—Vancouver溫哥華thethirdlargestcityinthecountryacoastalcityandmajorseaportinsouthwesternBritishColumbiahasthesecondlargestChinatowninNorthAmericaafterSanFranciscoSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringVancouver?IIIHistory:DiscoveryandExplorationTheFrenchexplorationofCanadabeganin1535,whenJacquesCartierattemptedtofindnewroutestotheOrient.In1497,JohnCabot,anItalianseacaptain,sailedwestfromBritain,searchingforanewroutetoAsia.ThisvoyageledtothediscoveryofCanada.TradingwiththelocalIndiansbegan.SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIIIHistory:DiscoveryandExplorationSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringWiththedevelopmentofunorganizedtrafficinfurs,theCanadianfurtrade,laterfurmonopoly,graduallybegantotakeshape.IIIHistory:EuropeanSettlementSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIntheearly1600s,bothBritainandFrancefoundedpermanentsettlementsinCanada.Duringthe1750s,thefamousSevenYears’WarbetweenFranceandBritainstarted.AllofCanadacameunderBritishcontrol.IIIHistory:BritishCanadaSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIn1774,theBritishParliamentpassedtheQuebecAct,copingwiththedifferencesbetweenFrenchandBritishPeople.In1791,CanadawassplitintoUpperCanada(English-speakingOntario)andLowerCanada(French-speakingQuebec).In1841,UpperandLowerCanadaunitedastheBritishColony,theProvinceofCanada.IIIHistory:CanadianNationSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIn1867,TheConstitutionActcreatedtheself-governingdominionofCanada.In1931,CanadawasrecognizedasanequalpartnerofBritain.Thefederalgovernment’spowerincreasedsincethe1950stoitshistoricalheight.By1961,thecountryhadbecomeoneoftheworld’smosturbanizednations.Duringthe1970s,therelationshipbetweenCanadaandtheUSbecamestrained.IIIHistory:CanadaSincethe1980sSichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringTheCanadaActof1982madeCanadaafullysovereignstate.Intheearly1990s,MeechLakeAccordandCharlottetownAccordbothfailedinanationalreferendum.Inthe1993nationalelection,ProgressiveConservativePartywasdefeatedbytheLiberals.In1997Chretien’sLiberalgovernmentsucceededinendingthe20yearsoffederalbudgetdeficit.WhenPaulMartintookoffice,Sino-Canadianrelationshipimproved.IVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringI.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyaretrue(T)orfalse(F).

1.Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworldintermsofterritory.

2.ThelakesinCanadacoverabout7.6%oftheCanadianlandmass.

3.CanadahasatypicaloceanicclimateinfluencedbyboththeAtlanticOceanandthePacificOcean.

4.TheSevenYear’WarledtotheBritishcontrolofmostoftheterritoriesinCanada.TFTFIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringI.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyaretrue(T)orfalse(F).

5.CanadawassplitintoUpperCanadaandLowerCanadain1791.

6.DuringWorldWar2,neutralpolicyprotectedCanadafromthewartimedestruction.

7.Chretien’sLiberalgovernmentsucceededinloweringthepersistentlyhighunemploymentrate.

8.Canadawasthefirstcountryintheworldtoallowsame-sexmarriage.TFTFIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.1.Canada’sfurtrade,laterfurmonopoly,graduallybegantotakeshapeinthe

century.A.15thB.16thC.17thD.18th2.TheLiberalgovernmentledbyMackenzieKingdidthefollowingtolaythefoundationsoftheCanadianwelfarestateEXCEPT

.A.increasingtheoldagepensionsB.promotingfederal-provincialwelfareprogramsC.expendingunemploymentbenefitsD.introducinghealthinsurance.BDIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.3.

wontheNobelPrizeforPeacein1957fororganizingapeacekeepingforcetodefusetheSuezCrisis.A.PierreTrudeauB.LesterPearsonC.JeanChretienD.BrianMulroney4.Inthe

,Canadawasobsessedwitheconomicrecession.A.1950sB.1960sC.1970sD.1980sBCIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.5.PierreTrudeauretiredfromhispostasheadofthegovernmentandpartyleaderpartlybecause

.A.heopposedtheAmericanwarinVietnamB.heagreedQuebectobeanindependentFrench-speakingnationC.hehadnotbeenabletoreversethedecliningeconomictrendD.heweakenedgovernmentinterventioninthenationaleconomyCIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.6.

recognizedQuebecasa“distinctsociety”.A.TheMeechLakeAccordB.TheQuebecActC.TheConstitutionalActD.TheBritishNorthAmericaAct7.

wasCanada’sfirstwomanPrimeMinister.A.PierreTrudeauB.BrianMulroneyC.JeanChretienD.KimCampbellADIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.8.Martin’sLiberalgovernmenttriedtodothefollowingEXCEPT

.A.legalizingsame-sexmarriageinCanadaB.givingtheQuebeccitysovereigntyC.improvingCanadian-U.S.relationsD.forgingacloserrelationshipwithChinaBIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIII.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.1.WhatwastheoriginalpurposeofJohnCabotandJacquesCartierwhentheycametoCanada?BothJohnCabotandJacquesCartieroriginallywantedtofindnewroutestoAsia.However,thevoyageledthemtoCanada.IVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIII.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.2.WhydidtheMeechLakeAccordfailin1990?TheMeechLakeAccordfailedin1990becausemanypeopleregardedtheMeechLakeAccordasanattempttoweakenorevendismantlethepoweroftheCanadianfederalgovernment,andalsoviewedthespecialstatusofQuebecasunfairandproblematic.IVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIII.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.3.HowdidJeanChretiengovernmentgainpopularityamongtheCanadianpeopleinitsearlyyears?TheChretien’sgovernmentcutgovernmentspendingwhilemaintainingthehightaxrates.Itstronglysupportedprivateenterprisesasthekeysourceofeconomicgrowth.Therefore,itgainedpopularityamongtheCanadianpeopleinitsearlyyears.IVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIV.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.1.WhatistheQuebecIssueinCanada?Intheearly1600s,bothBritainandFrancefoundedpermanentsettlementsinCanada.TheFrenchfoundedacolonyinQuebeccityandextendedfromtheSt.LawrenceRivertotheGreatLakesandthenfromtheretotheGreatPlainsandtheMississippiValley.TheBritishsettledalongtheAtlanticcoast.Duetothecompetitionforland,therewereconflictsbetweenBritainandFrance.TheSevenYears’IVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIV.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.1.WhatistheQuebecIssueinCanada?WarbroughtthewholeCanadaundertheBritishcontrol.In1774,theQuebecActgrantedthepeopleofQuebeclinguisticandreligiousfreedom,andguaranteedtheuseofFrenchcivillawandBritishcriminallaw.AccordingtotheConstitutionalActof1791,CanadawassplitintotheEnglish-speakingOntarioandtheFrench-speakingQuebec,bothwithlimitedself-governmentandpoliticalorganization.IntheIVExercises:SichuanUniversityofScience&EngineeringIV.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollo