2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit2Onwardsandupwards突破語法大沖關(guān)學(xué)案外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEUnit2Onwardsandupwardsv．-ing和不定式作賓語[視察例句]視察下列句子，指出其黑體部分的動(dòng)詞形式及作用。1．Asayoungman，hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.動(dòng)詞-ing作介詞的賓語2．“Weregrettoinformyou...”arethewordseverywriterknowswell.不定式作賓語3．However，hedoesn'tcareaboutbeingfamous.動(dòng)詞-ing作介詞的賓語4．Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic，playingmahjong，swimmingandreading.動(dòng)詞-ing作動(dòng)詞的賓語5．Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.動(dòng)詞-ing作介詞的賓語6．XiaoWang'sparentsplannedtotakeaholidayabroad.不定式作動(dòng)詞的賓語7．Theystartworking/toworkateighteverymorning.不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing作動(dòng)詞的賓語8．Heneglectedlocking/tolockthedoor.不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing作動(dòng)詞的賓語9．Inthosedaystheycouldn'taffordtobuyacar.不定式作動(dòng)詞的賓語10．Imayclaimtohavelearned8，000Englishwords.不定式作動(dòng)詞的賓語[歸納用法]一、只接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞1．作動(dòng)詞的賓語括號(hào)中的動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。這些動(dòng)詞可用下面的口訣幫助記憶：避開錯(cuò)過少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建議完成多練習(xí)(advise/suggest，finish，practise)喜愛想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can'thelp)承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)躲避冒險(xiǎn)莫寬恕(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打開窗子嗎？Idon'tlikewatchingtelevisionbutIenjoylisteningtotheradio.我不喜愛看電視，但是喜愛聽收音機(jī)。Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他試圖對(duì)我的問題避而不答。2．作動(dòng)詞短語的賓語動(dòng)詞短語：insiston，objectto，begoodat，befondof，leadto，putoff，giveup，lookforwardto，feellike，get/beusedto，payattentionto，beworth等后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。Sheisveryfondoftellingotherpeoplewhattodo.她愛對(duì)別人指手畫腳。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他堅(jiān)持要根據(jù)自己的方法做。[即學(xué)即練1]單句語法填空①IhadasmuchfunsailingtheseasasInowdoworking(work)withstudents.②Ioftenpractiselistening(listen)andspeaking(speak)．③Theboywasluckytoescapebeingpunished(punish)．④Itisusefulforsomeonewhoistryingtogiveupsmoking(smoke)．⑤It'squitehottoday.Doyoufeellikegoing(go)foraswim?二、常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞1．a(chǎn)gree(同意)，afford(付得起)，offer(主動(dòng)提出)，plan(準(zhǔn)備，支配)，demand(要求)，promise(答應(yīng))，help(幫忙)，prepare(準(zhǔn)備)，decide(確定)，refuse(拒絕)，choose(選擇，確定)，wish/hope/want/expect(希望)，fail(失敗)，pretend(假裝)，manage(設(shè)法)，determine(決心)，beg(請(qǐng)求，祈求)，arrange(支配，籌備)，threaten(威逼)，claim(聲稱)，aim(力爭(zhēng)做到)，hesitate(顧慮)，happen(碰巧)，hope(希望)等動(dòng)詞后通常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。Iofferedtopaintthehouseinexchangeforaweek'saccommodation.我主動(dòng)提出給房子刷油漆以換取一周的食宿。Johnisveryreliable－ifhepromisestodosomething，he'llcertainlydoit.約翰特別牢靠，他假如許諾做什么事，就肯定會(huì)做的。[名師點(diǎn)津]動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語且后面有自己的賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，常常用it作形式賓語，將不定式放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之后。當(dāng)不定式作consider,feel,find,make,think等動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，常運(yùn)用這一結(jié)構(gòu)。TheyallfeelitveryhardtolearnEnglish.他們都感覺學(xué)英語很難。2．動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，通常有三種形式：(1)一般式：動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是其所表示的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式(todo)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是其所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)形式(tobedone)。Ijustwantedtoknowifeverythingwasallright.我只是想知道是否一切都好。Herefusedtobephotographed.他拒絕讓人拍照。(2)進(jìn)行式：動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式(tobedoing)表示動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，并強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。WhenIcamein，hepretendedtobesleeping.當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí)，他假裝正在睡覺。IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.我到達(dá)那里的時(shí)候，碰巧在下雨。(3)完成式：動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式(tohavedone)表示動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。Heclaimedtohavebeenbadlytreatedinthesupermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.他聲稱昨天在超市購物時(shí)受到了不好的對(duì)待。[即學(xué)即練2]單句語法填空①Ihadhopedtosend(send)himatelegramtocongratulatehimonhismarriage.②Whenhismothercamein，theboypretendedtobereading(read)．③Havingfailedinthedrivingtesttwice，hedecidednottotake(take)itagain.④Ifyouwanttogo(go)withus，youshouldbereadybyeighto'clock.⑤This，inanutshell，iswhatRichardChaplinappearstohavedone(do)．三、既可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式也可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的狀況1．在start，begin，continue等動(dòng)詞后既可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式作賓語，兩者意義區(qū)分不大。Theycontinuedworking/toworkasifnothinghadhappened.他們接著工作，好像什么也沒發(fā)生過。2．在love，hate，prefer，like等動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語指常常性的動(dòng)作，用不定式作賓語指詳細(xì)的動(dòng)作。Hepreferredstayinginthehousewhenitrained.下雨時(shí)他寧愿待在家里。(動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語，指每逢下雨都待在家里。)Iprefertostayathomethisafternoon.今日下午我寧愿待在家里。(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，表示今日下午待在家里這一詳細(xì)的動(dòng)作。)3．下表中的動(dòng)詞(短語)后跟不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語均可，但含義不同。動(dòng)詞賓語的形式意義forgettodo遺忘要做……doing遺忘做過……remembertodo記著要去做……doing記得做過……regrettodo缺憾/愧疚要做……doing/havingdone懊悔做了……trytodo盡力做……doing嘗試做……meantodo準(zhǔn)備做……doing意味著……goontodo接著做(另外一件事)doing接著做(同一件事)stoptodo停下來去做……doing停止做……Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.請(qǐng)記著代我向你的家人問好。Istillremembervisitingthemuseumforthefirsttime.我仍記得第一次參觀博物館的情景。4．下列動(dòng)詞可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)形式：need/want/require/deservedoing＝need/want/require/deservetobedone。Thebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.這輛自行車須要修理。[即學(xué)即練3]單句語法填空①Helikesswimmingbuthedoesn'tliketoswimthisafternoon.(swim)②Imeantochange(change)itforanotherone.③Missingthetrainmeanswaiting(wait)foranotherhour.④Irememberedlocking(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice，butforgottoturn(turn)offthelights.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theypromisedtocome(come)heretohelpus.2．Somestudentsfinditverydifficulttospeak(speak)Englishfluently.3．Iregrettotell(tell)youthatyourschoolteamhaslostthegame.4．Yesterdayheforgotposting/havingposted(post)theletterandlookedforiteverywhere.5．Generallyspeaking，youngkidsarekeenonwatching(watch)cartoons.6．Heclaimedtohavereached(reach)thetopofthemountain.7．IwassoangrythatIfeltlikethrowing(throw)somethingathim.8．Haveyouconsideredlooking(look)foronespecialfriend?9．Iexpecthimtobedoing(do)homeworknow.10．Sheobjectedtogoing(go)therebytraininsuchasituation.Ⅱ.短文語法填空Weweresorry1.tohear(hear)thatCindywasillinhospital.Wehoped2.tohelp(help)herinsomeway，sowedecided3.topay(pay)avisittoheryesterdayafternoon.Cindywashappytoseeus.Shestarted4.talking(talk