四川省部分中學(xué)2023高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters常考點(diǎn)

單選題1、—Tomorrow

is

Teachers’

Day.

What

is

your

surprise

for

our

English

teacher?—The

first

thing

________

I

will

do

is

to

make

an

English

card

for

her.A．whoB．whichC．whoseD．that答案：D考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：——明天是教師節(jié)。你給我們的英語(yǔ)老師什么驚喜？——我要做的第一件事是給她做一張英語(yǔ)卡。該空引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是thing，被序數(shù)詞first修飾，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，只用關(guān)系代詞that。故選D項(xiàng)。2、From

monuments

________define

history,

to

towering

skyscrapers,

to

a

little

red

lighthouse

under

a

huge

suspension

bridge,

you’ll

be

treated

to

spectacular

views.A．whenB．thatC．whereD．whose答案：B考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：從定義歷史的紀(jì)念碑，到高聳的摩天大樓，到巨大吊橋下的紅色小燈塔，您將看到壯觀的景色。此處為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞monuments，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，故用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。故選B。3、He

bought

a

new

building

_____top

is

different

from

those

of

the

others

around.A．whatB．whichC．thatD．whose答案：D考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他買(mǎi)了一幢新樓，它的頂部和周?chē)渌牟煌?。句中包含定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是building，_____top

is

different

from

those

of

the

others

around是定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作top的定語(yǔ)，指樓的頂部，用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。故選D。4、We

study

in

a

classroom

______

windows

face

to

the

south.A．whoseB．whichC．whereD．that答案：A考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們?cè)谝婚g窗戶朝南的教室里學(xué)習(xí)。本句考查定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為a

classroom，關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)成分，表示the

classroom's，應(yīng)用whose。故選A項(xiàng)。5、Matter

is

anything

______.A．that

take

up

space

and

have

weightB．which

take

up

space

and

have

weightC．that

takes

up

space

and

has

weightD．those

take

up

space

and

have

weight答案：C考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：物質(zhì)是任何占據(jù)空間并有重量的東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，anything后跟定語(yǔ)從句，anything是不定代詞，其后的關(guān)系代詞只能用that不能用which，因此排除選項(xiàng)B和D，that指代先行詞anything，是不定代詞，由is可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，因此空格處是that

takes

up

space

and

has

weight，故選C。6、The

house,

___________I

bought

last

year,

needs

to

be

repaired.A．whichB．whereC．thatD．when答案：A考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我去年買(mǎi)的房子需要修理。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中缺少賓語(yǔ)，先行詞是the

house，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。故選A。7、After

several

______

to

climb

Qomolangma,

he

finally

reached

the

top

of

it.A．a(chǎn)ttemptsB．a(chǎn)ttacksC．chaptersD．disasters答案：A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾次攀登珠峰的嘗試，他終于登上了山頂。A.

attempts嘗試；B.

attacks攻擊；C.

chapters(書(shū)的)章，篇，回；D.

disasters災(zāi)難。根據(jù)后文“he

finally

reached

the

top

of

it”可知，他最終到達(dá)頂峰，所以應(yīng)該是經(jīng)過(guò)幾次嘗試了。故選A項(xiàng)。8、As

a

respected

zoological

institution,

SeaWorld

not

only

________,

rehabilitates

and

returns

to

nature

hundreds

of

wild

animals

every

year

but

also

generously

________

conservation

and

scientific

research.A．rescues

…

focuses

onB．rescues

…

fundsC．releases

…

focuses

onD．releases

…

funds答案：B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)受人尊敬的動(dòng)物學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)，海洋世界不僅每年拯救、治療數(shù)百種野生動(dòng)物，讓它們回歸自然，而且還慷慨資助動(dòng)物保護(hù)和科學(xué)研究。rescue搭救，解救；release釋放，解放；focus

on集中精力于；fund資助。分析句子可知，第一空“解救，治療和放回自然”符合邏輯順序，因此填rescue；第二空，根據(jù)空前generously可知，此空填撥款，資助。故選B項(xiàng)。9、The

new

law

has

come

into

______________

and

it

will

surely

______________

the

industry

of

the

country.A．a(chǎn)ffect;

effectB．effect;

effectC．a(chǎn)ffect;

affectD．effect;

affect答案：D考查effect和affect的用法。句意：新法律已經(jīng)生效，它肯定會(huì)影響這個(gè)國(guó)家的工業(yè)。come

into

effect為固定搭配，意為＂生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施＂；affect＂影響＂；effect作名詞講時(shí)，表示＂作用，影響＂；作動(dòng)詞講時(shí)，表示＂實(shí)現(xiàn)＂。第二空助動(dòng)詞will后用動(dòng)詞原形affect，根據(jù)句意和分析句子成分可知，D項(xiàng)正確。故選D。10、The

man

________

coat

is

black

is

waiting

at

the

gate.A．who’sB．whoseC．thatD．of

which答案：B考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：穿黑色外套的那個(gè)人正在門(mén)口等著。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是man，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，和coat是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用whose引導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)。11、The

prize

will

go

to

the

writer

________story

shows

the

most

imagination.A．thatB．whichC．whoseD．who答案：C考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：該獎(jiǎng)將授予故事表現(xiàn)出最豐富想象力的作家。分析句子可知，

writer為先行詞，作定語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞為whose。故選C項(xiàng)。12、We

sell

a

lot

of

products

abroad

and

the

opportunity

to

open-up

markets

in

regions

________

we

don’t

currently

sell

a

lot

to

is

a

great

one.A．whereB．thatC．whatD．when答案：B考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們?cè)诤Ｍ怃N(xiāo)售了很多產(chǎn)品，在目前銷(xiāo)量不大的地區(qū)打開(kāi)市場(chǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)非常大?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞regions，指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，需用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故選B。13、Understanding

the

cultural

habits

of

another

nation,

especially

________

containing

as

many

different

cultures

as

the

United

States

is

a

difficult

thing.

A．whichB．oneC．thatD．it答案：B考查不定代詞。句意：要了解一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化習(xí)慣，尤其是像美國(guó)這樣一個(gè)集成了多種文化國(guó)家的文化，是很困難的。A.

which指代物；B.

one一個(gè)；C.

that指代人或物；D.

it它。通過(guò)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，整句話中只有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is，所以不能使用從句的引導(dǎo)詞，排除A和C，同時(shí)it指代的是同類(lèi)同物，表示特指，不符合題意。整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)是Understanding

the

cultural

habits

of

another

nation，one作為同位語(yǔ)，泛指前文提到的一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化習(xí)慣。后面的containing

as

many

different

cultures

as

the

United

States是對(duì)one進(jìn)行修飾，使用的是現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故選B。14、The

only

thing________can

be

done

is

to

stop

them

from

going

there.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．who答案：A考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：唯一能做的就是阻止他們?nèi)ツ抢?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，________can

be

done是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞The

only

thing，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，當(dāng)先行詞被the

only修飾時(shí)，用that不用which，故選A。15、This

is

the

first

birthday

gift

________

I

received.

I’ve

kept

it

many

years.A．whichB．thatC．whoD．what答案：B考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這是我收到的第一份生日禮物。我已經(jīng)保存了很多年了?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞gift被序數(shù)詞first修飾，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that。故選B。16、With

more

and

more

forests

_______,

we

must

take

action

to

protect

our

earth.A．destroyingB．destroyedC．to

destroyD．a(chǎn)re

destroyed答案：B考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：隨著越來(lái)越多的森林遭到破壞，我們必須采取行動(dòng)去保護(hù)我們的地球?？崭裉幨莣ith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓補(bǔ)，由于賓補(bǔ)和賓語(yǔ)

forests

是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此要用過(guò)去分詞。故選B。17、During

the

pandemic,

all

patients

and

their

families,

without

________,

must

carry

their

ID

card

and

show

their

health

QR

code

before

entering

the

hospital.A．permissionB．effortC．exceptionD．a(chǎn)ccess答案：C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在疾病大流行期間，所有患者及其家屬，無(wú)一例外，在進(jìn)入醫(yī)院前都必須攜帶身份證并出示健康二維碼。A.

permission許可；B.

effort努力；C.

exception例外；D.

access通道。根據(jù)句意和句中“all

patients

and

their

families”可知，句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是所有患者及其家屬，無(wú)一例外，“exception”意為“例外”，名詞詞性，“without

exception”意為“無(wú)一例外”。故選C項(xiàng)。18、Sophia

Scott

started

a

free

tutoring

service

to

help

anyone

________

had

difficulty

catching

up.A．whoseB．thatC．whomD．who答案：D考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：索菲亞·斯科特開(kāi)始了一項(xiàng)免費(fèi)輔導(dǎo)服務(wù)，幫助趕上有困難的人。句中先行詞為anyone，指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故選D。

19、Those

______

achieve

great

things

are

the

ones

willing

to

be

scared

but

not

scared

off.A．whatB．whoC．whichD．whom答案：B考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：那些取得偉大成就的人是那些愿意被嚇到但不會(huì)被嚇倒的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞Those指人，因此空格處用關(guān)系代詞who，故選B。20、People

________

interest

is

exploring

the

relationship

between

art

and

science

will

enjoy

Singapore’s

ArtScience

Museum.A．WhoB．whichC．whomD．whose答案：D考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：有興趣探索藝術(shù)與科學(xué)之間關(guān)系的人將參觀新加坡藝術(shù)科學(xué)博物館。分析句子可知，people為先行詞，作定語(yǔ)從句interest的定語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞為whose。故選D項(xiàng)。完成句子21、在緊急情況下，我們應(yīng)該保持鎮(zhèn)靜，這點(diǎn)至關(guān)重要。We

should

______________

in

case

of

emergency,

which

matters

much.答案：calm

ourselves

down考查固定短語(yǔ)。固定短語(yǔ)：calm

down

冷靜下來(lái)；根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，本句主語(yǔ)為we，賓語(yǔ)也是說(shuō)我們，所以賓語(yǔ)用ourselves，據(jù)此可知，空白處填calm

ourselves

down，故填calm

ourselves

down。22、After

the

terrible

earthquake,

the

homeless

need___________________.可怕的地震過(guò)后，無(wú)家可歸的人不僅需要食物和水，還需要合適的住所。答案：not

only

food

and

water

but

also

proper

shelter考查并列連詞和名詞。根據(jù)句意，空處應(yīng)用并列連詞“not

only…but

also”并列名詞“食物和水”food

and

water（不可數(shù)名詞）和名詞短語(yǔ)“合適的住所”proper

shelter（此處shelter為抽象名詞，不可數(shù)）。故填not

only

food

and

water

but

also

proper

shelter。23、狗把骨頭埋在花園里。The

dog

had

__________________

in

the

garden.答案：buried

its

bone考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知，“埋在”譯為“bury”在句子中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。跟句子主語(yǔ)the

dog是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，與空格前的had構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成時(shí)，所以謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為had

buried?！肮穷^”譯為“bone”，又根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“它的骨頭”，故在bone前加上形容詞性物主代詞its。故填buried

its

bone。24、只有那些有很多共同之處的人才能相處得好。Only

those

_________________________________

can

get

along

well.答案：who

have

much/a

lot

in

common考查定語(yǔ)從句。結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)提示可知，此處為含有who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其內(nèi)容為“那些有很多共同之處的人”，分析可知，those為先行詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以空處為用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。表示“有很多共同之處”用have

much/a

lot

in

common，故填who

have

much/a

lot

in

common。25、The

economy

is

beginning

to_________（復(fù)蘇）.

(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子)答案：revive考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)始復(fù)蘇。revive意為“復(fù)蘇”，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，begin

to

do為固定用法，意為“開(kāi)始做”，設(shè)空出需填動(dòng)詞原形和to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故填revive。26、多達(dá)100,000人觀看了這場(chǎng)拳擊賽。________________

100,000

people

watched

the

boxing

game.答案：As

many

as考查固定短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知，此處需要翻譯“多達(dá)”，且修飾可數(shù)名詞people，應(yīng)用固定短語(yǔ)as

many

as。位于句首首字母大寫(xiě)。故填A(yù)s

many

as。27、去年他飽受饑寒交迫之苦。He________

________

________

________

________cold

and

hunger

last

year.答案：

suffered

a

great

deal

from考查短語(yǔ)。表示“受……之苦”短語(yǔ)為suffer

from；“飽受”表示程度，用a

great

deal修飾。根據(jù)last

year可知，此事是去年發(fā)生，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填suffered

a

great

deal

from。28、隨時(shí)都有急診服務(wù)，并提供醫(yī)療咨詢。The

emergency

services

were

____________

with

medical

advice.答案：on

hand考查固定短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知此處需要表達(dá)“隨時(shí)，在手邊”，是固定短語(yǔ)on

hand。故填on

hand。29、一句多譯令全世界震驚的是，這架飛機(jī)起飛幾分鐘后就墜毀了。1

.________

was

that

the

plane

crashed

just

minutes

after

take-off.

（主語(yǔ)從句）2

.The

plane

crashed

just

minutes

after

take-off,

________.（定語(yǔ)從句）答案：

What

shocked

the

world

which

shocked

the

world1

.考查主語(yǔ)從句。“令……震驚”應(yīng)該翻譯為shock，根據(jù)要求用主語(yǔ)從句翻譯“令某人……是”，應(yīng)該用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)這個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句；根據(jù)后面的was，主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)。故翻譯為What

shocked

the

world。2

.考查定語(yǔ)從句?！傲睢痼@”應(yīng)該翻譯為shock，根據(jù)要求用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯“飛機(jī)墜毀”這件事“令世界震驚”，要用一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞代指逗號(hào)前的“飛機(jī)墜毀”這件事，并且引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，只能用which；根據(jù)前面主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故翻譯為which

shocked

the

world。30、這位老婦人在兒子去世后遭受了巨大的痛苦。The

old

lady________

________

________after

her

son

died.答案：

suffered

great

pain考查時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和名詞。結(jié)合從句謂語(yǔ)died可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“遭受”可用動(dòng)詞suffer，且用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式suffered；表示“巨大的”可用形容詞great作定語(yǔ)；表示“痛苦”可用名詞pain作賓語(yǔ)。故答案為①suffered②great③pain。語(yǔ)法填空31、Our

life

is

becoming

better

and

better

while

in

some

countries

there

are

still

some

people___________(suffer)from

hunger.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：suffering考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們的生活變得越來(lái)越好了，然而在一些國(guó)家仍然有一些人遭受著饑餓。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)形式作定語(yǔ)，空處與邏輯主語(yǔ)people之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用suffering。故填suffering。32、He

got

up

late

and

hurried

to

his

office,

________

(leave)

the

breakfast

untouched.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：leaving考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)。句意：他起得很晚，匆匆趕到辦公室，早餐還沒(méi)動(dòng)。固定短語(yǔ)：leave

sth.undone某事沒(méi)有被做。分析句子可知，本句的謂語(yǔ)為get

up和hurry，所以動(dòng)詞leave要用非謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)he和leave為主謂關(guān)系，所以leave用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)果。故填leaving。33、He

said

they

did

not

want

war-but

if

attacked

they

would

fight

to

the

_______(die).

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：death考查名詞。句意：他說(shuō)他們不想要戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)——但如果受到攻擊，他們會(huì)戰(zhàn)斗到死。分析句子，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用die的名詞death作賓語(yǔ)，抽象概念，不可數(shù)。故填death。34、Around

540

million

people__________(affect)

by

second-hand

smoke,

which

causes

100，000

deaths

per

year．(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：are

affected考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：大約5.4億人受到二手煙的影響，每年造成10萬(wàn)人死亡。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)per

year和空后by

secondhand

smoke可知，空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：be

done，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)people，所以空處be動(dòng)詞需用are。故填are

affected。35、We

chose

to

buy

the

house

________window

faces

south.

(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)答案：whose考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們決定買(mǎi)那座窗戶朝南的房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the

house，關(guān)系詞與window是所屬關(guān)系，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞whose。根據(jù)句意，故填whose。36、Today

the

number

of

people

learning

English

in

China_______(

increase

)

rapidly.

（用單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）答案：is

increasing考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)今，在中國(guó)，學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的人數(shù)正在迅速增加。分析可知空格處是句子的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Today可知描述的是現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)the

number

為單三人稱(chēng)，結(jié)合主謂一致可知答案為is

increasing。37、Two

of

the

authors

of

the

review

also

made

a

study

published

in

2014

________

showed

a

mere

five

to

10

minutes

a

day

of

running

reduced

the

risk

of

heart

disease

and

earl