高考語法復(fù)習(xí)專題七謂語的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)

20XX屆高考語法復(fù)習(xí)專題七謂語的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)高考重點(diǎn)考查謂語的10種時(shí)態(tài)：謂語的時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)be動(dòng)詞：其他動(dòng)詞：一般過去時(shí)be動(dòng)詞：其他動(dòng)詞：一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)指南：經(jīng)?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)較?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)：一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)較少考的時(shí)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)不?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)：將來進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.意義：表示①目前經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；②現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)；③普遍事實(shí)或客觀真理。2.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________被動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________3.時(shí)間狀語：today,everyday,usually等（注意：現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)）eg:(1)Iamastudent.Youareadoctor.Heisateacher.(2)Igetupatsixeveryday.Hegetsupathalfpastfiveeverymorning.高考鏈接：①(2015湖南卷)Itisimportanttorememberthatsuccess_______________(be)asumofsmalleffortsmadeeverydayandoften_______________(take)yearstoachieve.②(2016河北調(diào)研)HighschoollifeintheUSisalmostasstressfulanddemandingasitisinChina.InUShighschool,everything___________________(record)andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.③改錯(cuò)：(2016河北調(diào)研)SonowadaystheyusemobilephonesandtheInternetinstead.Thischangeincommunicationhavegoodeffectsonourworksandlife.二、一般過去時(shí)1.意義：表示過去發(fā)生的（經(jīng)常性）動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________被動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________3.時(shí)間狀語：yesterday,lastyear,ago,in1990等eg:(1)Isawhimintheparkanhourago.(2)Hisbikewasstolenyesterday.高考鏈接：①(2013福建卷)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,___________________(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.②改錯(cuò)：(2016山西期中)Afterheleaveshighschool,hewenttoauniversitytostudylaw....AfterreadingascreenplayofLegendsoftheFall,heattractedbytherole.三、一般將來時(shí)1.意義：表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________被動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________3.時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow,soon,nextweek,beforelong,inthreedays等eg:(1)HewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.(2)Asurveywillbecarriedoutnextweek.高考鏈接：①(2016遼寧質(zhì)檢)Accordingtotheletter,fromnowontheChanZuckerbergInitiative_______________(help)torealize“humanpotential”and“equalityforallchildreninthenextgeneration”.②改錯(cuò)：(2016山西二模)Truefriendshipwon’tbeweakeningbydistance.四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.意義：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在造成的影響。2.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________被動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________3.時(shí)間狀語：常考：since,for,sofar,upto/tillnow,“in/overthelast/past+一段時(shí)間”等句型：Itisthefirst/second/...timethat+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)少考：never,ever,already,before,recentlyeg:(1)Ihaven’tseenhersincesheleftthehometown.(2)Itisthefirsttimethathehasseenthemovie.高考鏈接：①(2016廣西期末)Sofar,research___________________(show)thatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep.②改錯(cuò)：(2016沈陽期中)Sincemychildhood,librarieshadplayedanimportantroleinmylife.五、過去完成時(shí)1.意義：表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。2.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________被動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________3.常考點(diǎn)：（1）表示過去的過去（常用于主從句）eg:Thetrain___________________(leave)whenwearrivedatthestation.（2）表示對(duì)過去的虛擬（退一步原則）eg:(2012廣東高考)Hewalkedinasifhe___________________(buy)theschool.（3）句型或固定用法：①Itwasthefirst/second/...timethat+過去完成時(shí)②hardly...when...,nosooner...than...表示“一...就...”，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。eg:Nosoonerhadwereachedhomethanitbegantorain.③by+表過去的時(shí)間狀語，句子用過去完成時(shí)eg:Bytheendoflastmonth,I___________________(read)10books.高考鏈接：①(2016湖北期中)Sometimelater,aftertheirfatherhaddied,thesonsstartedtospendlonghoursworkinginthefields.Theythoughttheirfather_________________(bury)atreasureintheground.②(2016重慶期中)Bythistimetheclerk___________________(return)withthesocks.Placingapairupontheboy’sfeet,shethenpurchasedhimapairofshoes.六、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.意義：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.構(gòu)成（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）：_______________________________________________3.時(shí)間狀語：now,atthismoment或句首有l(wèi)ook,listen等eg:(1)Heisplayingbasketballnow.(2)Listen!Someoneissinging.高考鏈接：①(2016河南期中)Theyarehopingtoplanthalfofthetreestodayandthey___________________(look)forvolunteerstocomealongandhelp.②改錯(cuò)：(名師原創(chuàng)卷)Yearsago,Ireceivedagiftfrommyfriendonmybirthdaywhowasnowlivingfaraway.七、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.意義：表示過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.構(gòu)成（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）：_______________________________________________3.時(shí)間狀語：atthattime,atthatmoment,thistimeyesterday等句型：was/weredoing...when...正在做某事，這時(shí)（突然）...eg: ①He___________________(write)aletterwhenIcamein.②He___________________(read)aninterestingbookthistimeyesterday.八、過去將來時(shí)1.意義：表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________被動(dòng)語態(tài)：_______________________________________________3.提示：常用于賓語從句，判斷的依據(jù)是要有過去的“動(dòng)作”，而不是時(shí)間。eg:Hesaidthathe___________________(come)backthenextday.九、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)1.意義：表示將來某時(shí)將正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.構(gòu)成：_______________________________________________3.提示：時(shí)間狀語常是“將來的具體某一時(shí)間”。eg:(1)He___________________(work)intheofficeateighttomorrowmorning.(2)I___________________(wait)forthemwhentheyarriveattheairport.十、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1.意義：表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行。2.構(gòu)成：_______________________________________________3.對(duì)比： Ihavemadeacake.我做了一個(gè)蛋糕。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）Ihavebeenmakingacake.我一直在做蛋糕。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行）高考鏈接：改錯(cuò)：(2016河北期末)Recently,thesituationhaschangedsomewhatbecausesomanypeoplehavebeenspenttheirholidaysabroadandlearningtoappreciateunfamiliardishes.高考鏈接單句語法填空1.(2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I_______________(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.2.(2016全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseofachievement.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow_______________(be)oftenacceptable.3.(2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand_______________(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.4.(2015全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)ItwasraininglightlywhenI_______________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.5.(2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Thiscycle_______________(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenight.6.(2014全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Aboyonabike_______________(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.7.(2016江西摸底)ShepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollegeandIwasfinally___________________(accept).8.(2016黑龍江期中)SoWooSing___________________(strike)theboyintheglass,butheonlyhurthisownhandandwentcryingtohisfather.9.(2016沈陽期中)Oneday,auniversitystudent___________________(step)outofhisofficewithapileofbooks.Hecomplainedabouttheprofessor.10.(2016山西期末)ThereasonforthisisthatBritain’ssupermarkets___________________(experience)hugechangesinthepastdecade.11.(2016山東模擬)MartinMueller,acomputingscienceprofessor,___________________(work)onGoprogramsfor30years.12.(2016山西聯(lián)考)ItisestimatedthatmorethanathirdofallworktripsinCopenhagen___________________(carry)outonabike.13.(2016石家莊?？?Agroupofdogs___________________(know)as“TherapyDogs”.Thesedogsarefamilypetswithspecialtraining.14.(2016鄭州二測(cè))Thisopeningledtoacave,sotheydecidedtohavealookaroundit.Thewallsofthecave___________________(cover)withancientart.15.(名師原創(chuàng)卷)Plovdiv’shistory___________________(date)backto6000BC.16.(名師原創(chuàng)卷)Iamatimetraveller.AtthemomentI___________________(talk)toyoufromtheDarkAges,wherescienceandtechnologyhasbeenforgotten.17.(名師原創(chuàng)卷)SowhenI___________________(inform)thatmycomputercouldn’tbefixed,Iwassad!18.(名師原創(chuàng)卷)Untilnow,manypeople___________________(see)Minions.No.Nottherecentmovie,butthevillageinEnglandwiththesamename.19.(名師原創(chuàng)卷)WorldHelloDay___________________(found)in1973byBrianandMichaelMcCormack,inresponsetotheconflictbetweenEgyptandIsrael.20.(名師原創(chuàng)卷)Pragueisoneofthegreatestcitiesintheworld.Onceyougetthere,you___________________(find)anaffordablehotelroomeasily.二、單句改錯(cuò)（每句一處錯(cuò)誤）1.(2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Thoughnotverybig,therestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.2.(2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Atfirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.3.(2015全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.4.(2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.5.(2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsidetheshop.6.(2014全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Therearethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomuchhomework.7.(2014全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsofflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.8.(2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.Sheisjustadistantmemoryformenow.9.(2016浙江卷)Thenheandmymotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.10.(2016江西摸底)Ourlifetodayhasmanyproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsarepollution.11.(2016江西摸底)Factoriesmustcleanourwastewaterbeforeitthrownaway.12.(2016云南調(diào)研)Lastterm,ImakelittleeffortonmyEnglish,somygradeswerenotsatisfying.13.(2016黑龍江期中)TheForbiddenCity,whichwasbuiltatthebeginningoftheMingDynasty,hadundergoneextensiverenovationsoverthepast10years.14.(2016沈陽期中)Itnotonlydevelopedmyabilitytoread,butalsohelpmemakeacontributiontosociety.15.(2016湖北期末)NotonlydiditimprovedtheirspokenEnglish,butalsoitbroughtthemmuchfun.16.(2016福建模擬)Since2002theSzigetFestivalhadbeenrunningeveryyearinBudapest.Itlastsforaweek.17.(2