北京市東城區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試+英語 含答案

東城區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)一檢測高二英語2024.1本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，共36分）第一節(jié)選詞填空（共11小題；每小題1分，共11分）A請用方框中所給的單詞或短語完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。accompany demonstrate evaluatebreakdown inchargeof inturn1.HeputSteve______________theresearchteam.2.Kenagreedto______________meonatriptoAfrica.3.Ican’t______________hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.4.Listenup!Pleasecomeup______________tocollectyourbooks.5.Letme______________toyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.6.Asmilecan______________barriers.B請用方框中所給單詞的正確形式完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。comfortscienceentireanxietymotivate7.Iadmititwas______________myfault.8.Heseemed______________aboutthecomingexam.9.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks______________.10.Iwasso______________andwarminbedsothatIdidn’twanttogetup.11.Weshouldadoptamore______________approachinthefutureresearch.第二節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。LastSeptember,Sarah,44,slippedonaplatformand12inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge.Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.Unfortunately,anothertrainpulledin,causingfurther13.Afewminuteslater,someonenoticedherandcalledemergencyservices.They14tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital,butdoctorswere15tosaveherarmandleg.16,Sarahisnowtheworld’sfirstwomantousea￡250.00bionic(仿生)arm17byAI.“It’shardtoexplainbutwhenIthinkabouta18—say‘openmyhand’—mymusclestwitch(顫動)inaparticularway.Thesensorsinitwill19thesetwitches,andsendsignalstomakemyhandwork.Andifit20thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften,itwilllearnthatIliketodothatandmakeiteasierformetodoso,”saidSarah.InFebruary,SarahreturnedtoworkandafewmonthslatersheattendedaconferenceinRometogiveaspeechabouttheaccident.“Idomissmyselfbeforetheaccident.Butattheendoftheday,I’mjust21thatAIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback.IknowIamblessedtobeabletokeepmovingforwardwithmyfamily.”12.A.fell B.jumped C.stood D.filled13.A.changes B.worries C.injuries D.failures14.A.moved B.turned C.walked D.rushed15.A.uncertain B.unable C.patient D.eager16.A.Naturally B.Normally C.Obviously D.Luckily17.A.powered B.developed C.graded D.treated18.A.pattern B.signal C.movement D.moment19.A.protect B.detect C.,connect D.reflect20.A.caresabout B.talksabout C.figuresout D.pointsout21.A.hopeful B.grateful C.concerned D.amused第三節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AYuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthiscouldbedonewasa22(challenge)questionatthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Onecharacteristicofhybridsis23theyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops.However,24itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.Sarek’smountainsusedtobecoveredbyvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,25(leave)behindabout100glaciers.Soonafter,reindeerbegantoarrive.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.Gettinghereisquitedifficult,26apartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkinordertokeepthelandinitsnaturalstate.ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopment27(ban)withinparkboundaries.Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.Closeby,thereareafewreindeer28(feed)ongrass.CInNewYork,longtimeKunquartistsandstudentsareworkingtogethertopassdowntheancienttraditionalformfromgeneration29generation,andKunqusocieties30(be)activeinthecityforover30years.Andrecently,theseKunquOperaartists,youngandold,stagedaperformanceattheBigApple31(celebrate)the35thanniversaryoftheKunquSocietyofNewYork,anonprofitcultureandartsorganization.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共11小題；每小題2分，共22分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.abuggyrideAmishHeartlandToursIfyouwouldliketolearnaboutAmishlifeandculturewhileenjoyingatourofthebeautyofAmishcountry,AmishHeartlandTourscanmakeithappen,offeringbuggyrides,custombustours,andspecial“Backroad”experienceswithmealsinthehomesoftheAmishpeople.Youwilllearnabouttheday-to-daylifeoftheAmishfromexperiencedtourguidesandthelocalpeoplethemselves.Tourslastbetween1to3hoursdependingonyourchoiceofdestinationandactivities.Yoder’sAmishHomeIfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.Pettheanimalsintheoldbarn,learnalittleGermanandmeettheirAmishteacherintheirone-roomschoolhouse,takearideinarealAmishbuggy,andenjoyasweettreatfromtheirbakery!Toursareledbylocalguidesandlastabout40minutes.Troyer’sAmishToursExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.Troyer’sAmishToursoffersseveraltoursincluding2and3-hourexperiences,dinnerinAmishhomes,aswellasspecialevents.Allofthetoursaretailor-madewithadvancenotice.Forthemostmemorableexperience,usetheironlinecontactformstoplanyourvisitinadvance.AmishHeritageToursAmishHeritageToursoffersseasonallythemedtoursincludingmanyofthebestthingstodoinAmishCountry,withonetomulti-dayexperiencesincludingpick-upfromyourhotel,dinner,shopping,areatheatre,andmuseums.Planyourvisitonlineinadvance.Theirwebsiteofferssampleitinerariesforeachtourtomakeyourstayrewardingandunforgettable.32.Whichtourisintendedforschoolchildren?A.AmishHeartlandTours. B.Yoder’sAmishHome.C.Troyer’sAmishTours. D.AmishHeritageTours.33.WhatisspecialaboutTroyer’sAmishtour?A.Itpresentsseasonallythemedtours. B.ItfeaturesrealAmishbuggyrides.C.Itprovidesamuseumexperience. D.Itmeetsindividualizedneeds.34.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Topromotetours. B.Tointroducetravelservices.C.Tohighlightalifestyle. D.Tocelebratethelocalculture.BAsyouleavetheBandhavgarhNationalParkinIndia,thereisanoticewhichshowsahugetiger.Thenoticesays,“Youmaynothaveseenme,butIhaveseenyou.”TherearemorethanabillionpeopleinIndiaandIndiantigersprobablyseehumanseverysingleday.Tigerscananddokillalmostanythingtheymeetinthejungle.However,itisalittlestrangethatattacksonhumansarenotthatfrequent.Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.Fromthefrontthemanishuge,butlookedatfromthesideheallbutdisappears.Thismustbeverydisturbing.Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyaredisconcerted.Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.Manyincidentsofattacksonpeopleinvolvevillagersbendingovertocutgrass.Thefactthathumansstanduprightmaynotjustdistinguishthemfromotherspecies,butalsohelpthemtosurviveinanunpredictableenvironment.35.Asforsomepeople’sopinionontigerattacks,theauthoris________.A.objective B.unconcerned C.supportive D.disapproving36.WhydoestheauthorraisethreequestionsinParagraph3?A.Topresentassumptions. B.Toevaluatearguments.C.Toquestionfindings. D.Toconfirmopinions.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disconcerted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Confused.B.Annoyed. C.Depressed. D.Surprised.38.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itisthegenesthatcausethetiger’sfearofhumans.B.Itishardforatigertomakeouttheshapeofhumans.C.Tigerssensethedangerthemomenttheyspothumans.D.Tigersarelessconfidentwhenfacingsquattinghumans.CThinkofthewordsinyourhead:thattastelessjokeyouwiselykepttoyourselfatdinner;yourunvoicedimpressionofyourbestfriend’snewpartner.Nowimaginethatsomeonecouldlistenin.Recently,scientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,havemadeanotherstepinthatdirection.InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.Thestudycenteredonthreesubjects,wholayinanfMRIscannerrecordingtheirbrainactivitybydetectingchangesinbloodflowinpartsoftheirbrainswhiletheylistenedtoonlinestories.ByintegratingthisinformationwiththeLLMs’abilitytounderstandhowwordsrelatetooneanother,theresearchersdevelopedanencoded(編碼的)mapofhoweachindividual’sbrainrespondstodifferentwords.Then,theteamworkedbackward.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitywhiletheparticipantslistenedtoanewstory.UsingacombinationofthepatternspreviouslyencodedforeachindividualandLLMs,theresearchersattemptedtotranslatethisnewbrainactivity.Whilemanyofthesentencesitproducedwereinaccurate,thedecodergeneratedsentencesthatgotthemainideaofwhatthepersonwasthinking.Forinstance,whenapersonheard,“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet,”thedecoderspatout,“Shehasnoteven-startedtolearntodriveyet.”AlexHuthfromtheuniversitysaid,“Wewereshockedandimpressedthatthisworkedaswellasitdoes.”Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetechnologyisn’tone-size-fits-all.Eachdecoderwasquitepersonalizedandworkedonlyforthepersonwhosebraindatahadhelpedbuildit.Additionally,apersonhadtovoluntarilycooperateforthedecodertoidentifyideas.Ifapersonwasn’tpayingattentiontoanaudiostory,thedecodercouldn’tpickthatstoryupfrombrainsignals.Whilethetechnologywasstillfarfromperfect,theresultcouldultimatelyleadtoseamlessdevicesthathelppeoplewhocan’ttalkorotherwisecommunicateeasily.However,theresearchalsoraisesprivacyconcernsaboutunwelcomeneuraloverhearing.Theteamsaidthepotentialofthetechnologywassuchthatpolicymakersshouldproactivelyaddresshowitcanbelegallyused.JerryTangfromtheteamsaid,“Nobody’sbrainshouldbedecodedwithouttheirpermission.Ifonedayitdoesbecomepossibletogetaccuratedecodingwithoutaperson’swill,we’llhavearegulatoryfoundationinplace.”39.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofasmartscanner.B.Thepotentialimpactofmind-readingGPT.C.Theadvanceinbrain-decodingtechnology.D.Thebreakthroughinlargelanguagemodels.40.Howdidtheteamworkbackward?A.Theyfedthedecoderdataonpeople’sbrainactivities.B.Theyemployedthescannertoencodepeople’sthoughts.C.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitytoassessthinkingability.D.Theyusedbrainactivitypatternstoreadthesubjects’mind.41.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A.Thedecoderworkedasexpected.B.Thedecodercangetthewordingright.C.Thedecoderrequiredwillingparticipation.D.Thedecodercanbeappliedtodifferentpeople.42.Whatwilltheteammostprobablydonext?A.Personalizethetechnology. B.Establishproperregulations.C.Applythetechnologyacrossfields. D.Breaklimitationsofthetechnology.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MicrogreenFarmingMicrogreenshavebeenusedincookingsincethe1980s.43Chefsnowrealizetheyalsoaddflavorandvisualappealwhenincludedinalltypesofdishesandrecipes.Aswithmostvegetables,itallstartswithseeds.Butinsteadofallowingtheplanttogrowtoitsfullpotential,microgreensarecreatedwhentheplantisharvestedshortlyafteritstartstogrow.Theresultisastrongflavorandaningredientthatpacksavarietyofnutrientsandhealthbenefitsinatiny,deliciouspackage.TheJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistrystatesthatmicrogreenshaveincreasedlevelsofvitaminsE,CandK.44Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofusingmicrogreensindishesisthattheyprovideanintenseexperiencethatwillimprovetheoverallflavorofanydish.Manychefsusethemtoadddepthofflavorandtocreatecomplexflavor.Anotherbenefitofmicrogreensistheconveniencefactor—theyareincrediblyeasytocookwith!45Youjustputthemontoyourmealssuchassoups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreensaretheultimatehealthyconveniencefood!46Itisusuallyreadyforharvestinonly6-7daysandoffersaspicyradishtaste.Theresultisadishthatnotonlytasteswonderfulbutoffersavisualappealthatsatisfiestheeyesandisincrediblynutritious!Traditionalplantsrequireanextendedamountoftimeandlargeamountsofland.47Theyrequireverylittlephysicaleffortandarereadyforharvestinaslittleasoneweek.Inaddition,growingmicrogreensdoesn’trequirealotofspace,andistypicallydoneindoorswithaverticalsetup.Sowhynotgiveitashot?A.Microgreens,ontheotherhand,areeasy!B.Theywereinitiallyusedasaformofdecoration.C.Thereisnoprepandcuttingworkaswithmostvegetables.D.Theyhaveasmuchas40timesmorenutrientsthanamatureplant.E.Onepopularformofmicrogreensisamixofpurpleandgreenradish.F.Somebeginnersliketostartwithafamiliarplant,suchasradish,cabbage,orpeas.G.Maturetraditionalvegetablesaregenerallyharvested2to4monthsaftertheyareplanted.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第48、49題各2分，第50題3分，第51題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。KieranBehanwasjustaboy,maybe6yearsold,whenhefellinlovewithgymnastics,butthatwasbeforeaseriesofinjuries,twososeverethatdoctorstoldhimhewouldneverwalkagain.YetBehan,pushedon.“Doctorstoldme,‘stopthinkingaboutyourcrazydreamsandyoumustacceptthatit’soverforyou,’”Behansaid.“ButIjustkeptsaying:‘No,no,no—thisisnottherestofmylife.Thisisnothowit’sgoingtoplayout.’Andlookatmenow,anOlympian.Theysaiditwasimpossible,butIdidit.”KieranBehanstartedgymnasticswhenhewas8.Butsooncamethefirstofmanyblows:duringalegoperation,adoctor’smistakecausedaseverenervedamagethatleftBehanwithlimitedfeelinginhisleftfoot.Doctorstoldhimtopreparehimselfforlifeinawheelchair.Theywerewrong.Althoughittook15months,Behanwentbacktogymnastics.Buteightmonthsafterhereturnedfromhisleginjury,disasterhitagain.Hehitthebackofhisheadduringtraining.TheaccidentcausedabraininjurywhichaffectedhisbalancesomuchthateventheslightestmovementcouldcauseBehantofaint.Mearlytwoyearsafternon-stopphysicaltherapy,KieranBehandidwhathedidbest:hepickedhimselfupagain.Hesaidhecouldnotlivewithoutgymnasticsandneverdoubtedhewouldbeback.Finally,in2012,hisdeterminationbegantopayoff.HisexcellentperformanceattheOlympictesteventqualifiedhimfortheGames.“IfeltlikeIwasinafairytale,”hesaidoftheLondonGames.“AllIcouldthinkaboutwas:‘Isthisadream?Tellmethisisreallyhappening.’”Eventhoughbedidnotenteranyoftheeventfinals,Behanneverlostheartandperseveredtomakeitforthe2016OlympicGamesatRiodeJaneiro.Behanhopeshistalemightinspireotherstoovercomehardship,whetheritisinsports,atworkorathome.Still,hestruggledtoexplainwhyhehasbeensounbeatable.“Ithinkit’sprobablyjustinmyblood,”hesaid.“Iwasjustborntodothis.”48.WhathappenedduringBehan’slegoperation?49.InwhatwaydidBehan’sbraininjuryinfluencehim?50.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.BecauseofBehan’sdetermination,hewonatthefinalsintheLondonGames.51.DoyouthinkBehanisagreatathlete?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生會主席李華。近期，英國交換生將在你校進(jìn)行為期兩周的交流。你打算邀請你校英籍外教Jim給負(fù)責(zé)接待的同學(xué)們做一個講座，主題是如何與交換生得體相處。請你用英文寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.發(fā)出邀請；2.建議講座的主要內(nèi)容。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________