2024-2025版高中英語(yǔ)模塊素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)一Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish含解析外研版必修5

PAGE模塊素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)(一)(Module1)(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Text1M:Anewfilmwillbeontonight.Willyougowithme?W:Sorry,Ihavenotimeforfilmsordinnerout.①I(mǎi)nowhavetoworryabouttheupcomingfinalexam.1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydotonight?A.Seeafilm.B.Havedinnerwiththeman.C.Prepareforherfinalexam.答案:CText2M:②That’llbefourpoundsfiftyforthisparcel.Ohdear!W:What’sthematter?M:②You’veputstickytapealloverit.I’mafraidyou’llhavetotakeitawayandrepackit.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atabank.C.Atapostoffice.答案:CText3W:I’msorryIamlateforwork,MrSmith.Becausemyalarmclockdidn’tworkthismorning.M:Thisisnotyourfirsttimethatyouhavebeenlate.Idon’thopeyouwillhaveoneasthis.③Otherwiseyouwillbefiredfrommycompany.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Customerandsalesman. B.Bossandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.答案:BText4W:Isthisyourlakehouse?Ipicturedsomethinglarger,likeahotel.M:Sorrytodisappointyou.Ihaven’tbeenheresinceIwasachild.Ihaveatotallydifferentmemoryofit.W:It’sfine.④Ithinkit’llbegreatforthereunionifwecleanitupabit.4.Whatisthewomanworriedaboutatfirst?A.Theman’smemory. B.Thesizeofthehouse.C.Thecleanlinessofthehouse.答案:CText5M:⑤Whydon’tyouandErvinjoinusfordinnertonight?Thefiveofushaven’tgoneouttogetherforalongtime.W:Ervinsaysit’salwaystoonoisytoenjoythemealatnightclubs.M:⑤Shallwegosomewherequiet?5.Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.Makeanapology. B.Makeadecision.C.Makeaninvitation.答案:C其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6W:⑥Couldyougivemesomeadviceaboutthedesignofthenewadvertisement?M:I’dbehappyto,butIreallyhavetogetthisreportdone.⑦M(jìn)aybeAlanhassomefreetime.W:That’sright!Andhehassomebackgroundinadvertising.M:Ijustsawhimcomebackfromhislunchbreak.⑦Nowitwouldbeagoodtimetocatchhim.W:⑦Great!6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates. B.Bossandemployee.C.Strangers.答案:A7.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Writeareport. B.LookforAlan. C.Havelunch.答案:B聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7M:Arewethere,yet?W:No,⑧GoogleMapssayswehaveanotherhourleft.M:Anhour?We’vebeeninthecarfortwohours.Thisisterrible.W:It’snotthatbad.There’snotrafficandthecountrysideisbeautiful.Lookoutofthewindow!M:I’malsonotfeelingwell.Alltheseturnsaremakingmesick.W:Doyouwantmetopulloversoyoucanwalkaround?M:No,I’mjustgoingtoclosemyeyes.Doyouthinktherewillbeenoughbedsatthehouse?W:Yes,ofcourse.⑨Mommadesuretorentaplacewiththreebedrooms.Wehavetosharearoom,butithastwobeds.M:⑨Wehavetosharearoom?Wehaven’thadtodothatsincewewerekids.W:It’llbefun!8.Whenwillthespeakersarriveatthehouse?A.Inonehour. B.Intwohours. C.Inthreehours.答案:A9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Motherandson.C.Friends.答案:A聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8M:Hello.CouldIspeaktoMrSmith’ssecretary,please?W:Yes.It’sMrSmith’ssecretaryspeaking.M:Oh,hello,thisisMrGreen’sServiceinLondon.W:WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Well,⑩mybossMrGreeniscomingouttoTokyointhefirstweekofDecemberandIwanttocheckwhetheryouknowheiscoming.W:Ididalreadyknowaboutit.He’scomingfortheconference.M:That’sright,andhewouldreallyliketotakeupMrSmith’soffertovisitthefactory.W:Whenwoulditsuityou?QUOTETheconferencewillberunningfromTuesdaytoThursday.M:Er,well,eitherMondayorFridaywouldbegood.WhichdaydoyouthinkwouldbebetterforMrSmith?W:Er,QUOTEasfarashe’sconcerned,Mondaywillbefine.M:Oh,that’sgreat.10.WhenwillMrGreencometoTokyo?A.AtthebeginningofDecember.B.InthemiddleofNovember.C.InthelastweekofOctober.答案:A11.Howlongwilltheconferencelast?A.Aweek. B.5days. C.3days.答案:C12.WhenwillMrGreenvisitthefactory?A.Beforetheconference.B.Duringtheconference.C.Aftertheconference.答案:A聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9W:Whereareyouguysgoingforyourhoneymoon?M:QUOTEWedecidedonCancun,Mexico.W:I’vebeentherebefore.It’sabigtouristplacesothereisaccesstoeverything.M:That’sgood.I’mlookingforwardtoourhoneymoon.EspeciallyafteralltheweddingplansIhadtodo.W:Howlongareyougoingfor?M:Wedecidedon6days.WeareleavingonSundayandreturningonSaturday.Wejustbookedourflightandgotourroom.Everythingisset.W:You’regoingtohavesomuchfun.I’msojealous.M:Bytheway,wheredoyouwanttogoforyourhoneymoonwhenyougetmarried?W:SinceI’vebeentoMexicoandHawaiibefore,QUOTEIwanttogotoAustralia.M:Thatsoundsgreat.It’salittleoutofourbudgetsowedidn’tevenconsiderAustralia.W:Fortheprice,Cancunisoneofthebest,sodon’thaveanyregrets.Itisagreatplace.Sodoyouhavearidetotheairport?M:QUOTEMybrotherisgoingtodropusoff.W:Lookslikeeverythingisset.QUOTEJustmakesuretotakeacamera.Iknowmanypeoplewhoforgottotakeacameraontheirhoneymoon.M:Willdo.Thanks.13.Wheredoesthemandecidetogo?A.Miami,theUSA. B.Cancun,C.Shanghai,答案:B14.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogoforherhoneymoon?A.Australia. B.Mexico. C.Hawaii.答案:A15.Whowilldrivethemantotheairport?A.Hisfather. B.Hissister. C.Hisbrother.答案:C16.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Takeacamera.B.Buysomesouvenirs.C.Bookaticket.答案:A聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10W:Wealllikeourparents,becausetheygiveustoomuchloveandcare.QUOTENowI’dliketotalkaboutmydeardad.Mydadisa“MrMom”.Hewas50yearsoldwhenIwasborn.Ididn’tknowwhyhewasathomeinsteadofMom,butQUOTEIconsideredmyselfveryluckybecauseIwastheonlyoneofmyfriendswhohaddadaround.Daddidsomanythingsformeduringmyelementaryschoolyears.QUOTEHeconvincedtheschoolbusdrivertopickmeupatourhouseinsteadoftheusualbusstoptwoblocksaway.HealwayshadmylunchreadyformewhenIcamehome.AsIgotalittleolderandtriedtogainmyindependence,Iwantedtomoveawayfromthose“childish”signsofhislove,buthewouldn’tgiveup.InhighschoolIwasnolongerabletogohomeforlunch,soIbegantakingmyown.Dadwouldgetupalittleearlierandprepareitforme.However,whenIlefthomeforcollege,Imissedmydadeverydayafterschool.QUOTEAtthattimeIcalledhimalot.Itdidn’tmatterwhathesaid;Ijustwantedtohearhisvoice.17.Whoisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Hermother. B.Herfriend. C.Herfather.答案:C18.Whydidthespeakerconsiderherselflucky?A.Shewastheonlychildinherfamily.B.Shehadherfatheraroundallthetime.C.Herparentswerewealthy.答案:B19.Wheredidthespeakergetontheschoolbus?A.Atthebusstoptwoblocksaway.B.Neartheusualbusstop.C.Besideherhouse.答案:C20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A.Sheoftenmadecallstoherfatherincollege.B.Shewasindependentinhighschool.C.Sheusedtodothecookingforherfather.答案:A其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2024·臨沂高二檢測(cè))TrueCar.comTopdealerscompeteforyourbusinessbyofferinglowerprices.TrueCarspendsalotofmoneyandresourcesonmakingsuretheentirecarrentingexperienceissimpleandstraightforward.Ifyou’reinthemarketforanewcar,givethissiteatryfirst.TrueCar’snetworkchecksmanyofthepricesinyourareaandgetsyouthebestpriceforthecaryou’relookingfor.Carvoy.comItoffersmorecontrolbyallowingyouto“buildyourcar”andselectyourrentalplan.The“buildyourcar”optionisoneofthebetteroptionsforthoselookingtoaddonfeaturestotheircar.Ifyou’relookingforcarswithoptionslikeasunroofornavigation(導(dǎo)航),it’sCarvoythatmakesitveryeasytogetstartedwiththeprocess.CarsDirect.comTheyhavealargecollectionofnewandusedcars,andalsoprovideresourcesforcarcomparisons.Inthebusinessformanyyears,theyareoneofthefirstonlinecaroutlets.Theyhaveastaffthatcanusuallyhelpyouifyougivethemacall.TheirphonesupportisverygoodandtheyaremostlylocatedintheUnitedStates.CarRent.comItdeliversyourrentalcartothedoor,whichisactuallyahugesellingpoint.Manypeopledon’tliketogotoadealershiporevendrivesomewheretopickupacar.Imaginerentingacarandhavingitdeliveredrighttoyourdoorstep,nodrivingnecessary!CostcoAuto.comItoffersmember-onlysavings,manycarselectionsandaneasysign-upprocess.ThedealsthroughCostcoaregreatandunique.ManytimestheyhavedealswithGeneralMotorscarslikeChevrolet.Therearealotofdealstobedone,buttheonethingthatCostcodoesnotdoisnegotiatetheprice.【文章大意】本文屬于應(yīng)用文,介紹五個(gè)汽車(chē)網(wǎng)站。21.What’sthesellingpointofTrueCar.com?A.Itsmostreasonablepricesforcars.B.Thediversityofitsusedcars.C.Itsdeliveryservicetoyourdoor.D.Thespecialofferstoitsmembers.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段TrueCar’snetworkchecksmanyofthepricesinyourareaandgetsyouthebestpriceforthecaryou’relookingfor.可知,該網(wǎng)站檢查了客戶所在地區(qū)多家汽車(chē)店的價(jià)格,為你找尋的車(chē)供應(yīng)最好的價(jià)格,可知,該網(wǎng)站供應(yīng)合理的汽車(chē)價(jià)格,故選A。22.WhatisthespecialservicethatCarvoy.comprovides?A.Youcanhaveotherfunctionsaddedtoyourcar.B.Youcanrentacarmoreeasilythanelsewhere.C.Youcandesignthewholecarbyyourself.D.Youcanhavebetteroperationoveryourcar.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)The“buildyourcar”optionisoneofthebetteroptionsforthoselookingtoaddonfeaturestotheircar.可知,該服務(wù)可以為車(chē)輛增加一些功能,故選A。23.Ifyouareagoodbargainer,it’swisetoavoiddealingwith______.

A.CarsDirect.comB.Carvoy.comC.CarRent.com D.CostcoAuto.com【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Therearealotofdealstobedone,buttheonethingthatCostcodoesnotdoisnegotiatetheprice.可知,Costco不會(huì)討價(jià)還價(jià),故不適用于那些擅長(zhǎng)砍價(jià)的人,故選D。BHealthadviceonhandsanitizersAntibacterialhandsanitizers(洗手液)aremarketedasagoodalternative(替代品)whensoapandwaterarenotavailable.Manufacturerssaythattheirsanitizerskill99.9percentofgerms(細(xì)菌),butresearchsuggeststhatthisnotthecase.Howdohandsanitizerswork?Mostsanitizersarealcohol-based;theyworkbyremovingtheouterlayerofoilonourskin,thenthealcoholkillsthebacteria.However,BarbaraAlmanza,associateprofessoratPurdueSothequestionarises,howcanmanufacturerssaysanitizerskill99.9percentofbacteria?Howcanmanufacturersmakethe99.9percentclaim?Manufacturerstesttheirproductsonbacteria-taintedsurfaces.Inthiscontrolledenvironment,handsanitizersdokill99.9percentofbacteria.However,thehumanhandisalotmorecomplexandgoesthroughalotofdifferentchangesinadaycomparedtoacontrolledsurface.Thesetestsallowmanufacturerstoobtainconsistentresults.But,inreality,howeffectivearehandsanitizersinkillingbacteriaineverydaylife?HandsanitizerVShandsoapandwaterAlmanzasaysthatsoapandwaterarethebestwaytocleanyourhands.Handsanitizercannotandshouldnotbeadirectreplacement.However,theyareausefulalternative.Toeffectivelykillbacteria,studiesrecommendthatpeopleusesanitizersthatareatleast60percentalcohol.Also,sanitizerswon’tworkifyouhavedirtyhands,sowipethemwithatissueornapkinbeforesanitizing.Whataboutantibacterialsoaps?Researchhasshownthatregularsoapisjustaseffectiveasantibacterialsoapinreducingbacteria-relatedillnesses.Infact,someconsumerantibacterialsoapmayincreasesomebacteria’sresistancetoantibiotics(抗生素),makingthemmoredangerous.Otherstudiesshowthatoverlycleanenvironmentswillnegativelyaffectchildrenbypreventingtheirimmune(免疫的)systemdevelopment.Childrenneedtofightoffcommongermstodeveloptheirimmunesystems.【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章分析了有關(guān)運(yùn)用抗菌洗手液的一些問(wèn)題,并提出了建議。24.Whatdoweknowaboutantibacterialhandsanitizers?A.Mostworksimilarlytohandsoap.B.Mostusealcoholtokillthebacteria.C.Mostcan’tremoveoilonourskin.D.Mostbringmorebacteriatopeople.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Howdohandsanitizerswork?部分中“Mostsanitizersarealcohol-based;theyworkbyremovingtheouterlayerofoilonourskin,thenthealcoholkillsthebacteria.”可知,大多數(shù)消毒液都含有酒精,是通過(guò)去除皮膚表面油脂,然后酒精殺死細(xì)菌。故選B項(xiàng)。25.Whatproblemdoestheresearchfindaboutthemanufacturers’claim?A.Theirconclusionisn’tdrawnfromreal-lifeenvironments.B.Manufacturersdon’ttesttheirproductsbeforesellingthem.C.Theirproductsdon’tkillthebacteriapeopleusuallyhave.D.Manufacturersdon’ttellthepublichowtheygettheirconclusion.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)Howcanmanufacturersmakethe99.9percentclaim?部分中“Inthiscontrolledenvironment,handsanitizersdokill99.9percentofbacteria.However,thehumanhandisalotmorecomplexandgoesthroughalotofdifferentchangesinadaycomparedtoacontrolledsurface.(在這種受控環(huán)境下,洗手液的確能殺死99.9%的細(xì)菌。然而,與受控表面相比,人的手要困難得多,一天之內(nèi)要經(jīng)驗(yàn)很多不同的變更。)”可以推斷,制造商得出的結(jié)論是來(lái)自受控環(huán)境,不是來(lái)自現(xiàn)實(shí)生活環(huán)境。故選A項(xiàng)。26.Whichisthefirstchoicetocleanyourhands,accordingtoAlmanza?A.Wettissue.B.Handsanitizer.C.Handsoapandwater.D.60percentalcoholandwater.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)HandsanitizerVShandsoapandwater部分中“Almanzasaysthatsoapandwaterarethebestwaytocleanyourhands.”可知,Almanza認(rèn)為洗手的第一選擇是洗手液和水。故選C項(xiàng)。27.Whatdoesthetexttellusaboutantibacterialsoaps?A.Somecontaindangerousantibiotics.B.Theykillmorebacteriathanregularsoaps.C.Theymightbeharmfulforchildren’sdevelopment.D.Someareprovedtoincreasetheamountofbacteria.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“Otherstudiesshowthatoverlycleanenvironmentswillnegativelyaffectchildrenbypreventingtheirimmunesystemdevelopment.(其他探討表明,過(guò)度清潔的環(huán)境會(huì)阻擋兒童預(yù)防免疫系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展,對(duì)兒童的成長(zhǎng)有負(fù)面影響。)”因此可以推斷,抗菌肥皂對(duì)兒童的成長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)有害。故選C項(xiàng)。C(2024·青島高二檢測(cè))Uptillabout130yearsago,newspapersintheUnitedStatesattractedonlythemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustration(插圖)andthearticleswereaboutpoliticsorbusiness.Twomenchangedthat—JosephPulitzerboughttheNewYorkWorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkJournal.PulitzerboughttheNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfromatraditionalnewspaperintoaveryexcitingoneovernight.Headdedlotsofillustrationsandhetoldhisreporterstowritearticlesoneverycrimetheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthem—awomanreporter,evenpretendedshewasmadandwassenttoahospital.Shethenwrotemanyarticlesaboutthepoortreatmentofpatientsinthosehospitalswheremadmenwerekept.In1895,HearstcametoNewYorkfromCalifornia.HewantedtheJournaltobemoreexcitingthantheWorld.Healsowantedittobecheaper,soheloweredthepricetoapenny.Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisnewspaperheadingswerebiggerthananyoneelse’s.Heoftensays,“Bigprintmakesbignews.”P(pán)ulitzerandHearstdidanythingtheycouldtosellnewspapers.Forexample,HearstsentFredericRemington,thefamousillustrator,todrawpicturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegotthere,hetoldHearstthatnofightingwasgoingon,Hearstanswered,“Youprovidethepictures.I’llprovidethewar.”【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講解并描述了JosephPulitzer和WilliamRandolphHearst這兩個(gè)人使報(bào)紙發(fā)生了很大的變更。28.WhatkindofnewsdidAmericannewspaperscarry130yearsago?A.Onlyseriousmatters.B.Allkindsofexcitingnews.C.Crimesandmadpeople.D.Thetreatmentofpatientsinhospital.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中“Uptillabout130yearsago,newspapersintheUnitedStatesattractedonlythemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationandthearticleswereaboutpoliticsorbusiness(直到大約130年前,美國(guó)的報(bào)紙只吸引最肅穆的讀者。它們沒(méi)有運(yùn)用插圖和文章是關(guān)于政治或商業(yè)。)”由此可知,130年前,美國(guó)報(bào)紙上刊登的新聞只有肅穆的事情。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選A。29.Whatcanweknowaboutthewomanreporterinthesecondparagraph?A.ShehelpedJosephPulitzerbuytheNewYorkJournal.B.Shewasforcedtobemadandwassenttoahospital.C.Shelearnedalotaboutthereallifeofthemadpatientsinhospital.D.Shemadethenewspaperfromtraditionaltoexciting.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“Oneofthem—awomanreporter,evenpretendedshewasmadandwassenttoahospital.Shethenwrotemanyarticlesaboutthepoortreatmentofpatientsinthosehospitalswheremadmenwerekept.”其中一名女記者甚至假裝自己瘋了,被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。接著,她寫(xiě)了很多文章,講解并描述在醫(yī)院里病人的糟糕待遇。由此可以推知,她了解了很多關(guān)于醫(yī)院里那些瘋病人的真實(shí)生活。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選C?！窘忸}方法】推理推斷題屬于主觀題,是層次較高的題目。它包括推斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存,推理是為了作出正確的推斷,正確的推斷又依靠于合乎邏輯的推理。該題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上,作出推斷和推理,從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思,也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息,上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變更等已知的信息,推斷出作者沒(méi)有干脆表達(dá)的看法和觀點(diǎn)。如本題,依據(jù)文章其次段中“Oneofthem—awomanreporter,evenpretendedshewasmadandwassenttoahospital.Shethenwrotemanyarticlesaboutthepoortreatmentofpatientsinthosehospitalswheremadmenwerekept.”其中一名女記者甚至假裝自己瘋了,被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。接著,她寫(xiě)了很多文章,講解并描述在醫(yī)院里病人的糟糕待遇。由此可以推知,她了解了很多關(guān)于醫(yī)院里那些瘋病人的真實(shí)生活。30.PulitzerandHearstusedallthemeansEXCEPT______tomakenewspapersexciting.

A.addingillustrationsintonewspapersB.satisfyingtheneedsofpoliticiansC.gettingthereporterstowriteaboutcrimesD.printingbignewspaperheadings【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Headdedlotsofillustrationsandhetoldhisreporterstowritearticlesoneverycrimetheycouldfind.(他加了很多插圖,并告知記者,要寫(xiě)每一個(gè)罪行。)”以及倒數(shù)其次段中“Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisnewspaperheadingswerebiggerthananyoneelse’s.Heoftensays,“Bigprintmakesbignews.”(赫斯特之所以引起人們的留意,是因?yàn)樗膱?bào)紙標(biāo)題比其他任何人的標(biāo)題都大。他常常說(shuō):“大的報(bào)紙能帶來(lái)大的新聞?！?”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A、C和D文中均有提到,但B文章并未提到。故選B。31.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thedifficultiesthatthenewspaperownersfaced.B.TwomostfamousreportersoftheUnitedStates.C.Newspaperownerswerefondofcrimesandwar.D.Twoimportantmenchangednewspapersgreatly.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章其次段前半段可知,兩個(gè)人變更了那——約瑟夫·普利策買(mǎi)下了《紐約世界》,威廉·倫道夫·赫斯特買(mǎi)下了《紐約日?qǐng)?bào)》。普利策在1883年買(mǎi)下了《紐約世界》。他一夜之間把它從一份傳統(tǒng)報(bào)紙改成了一份特別激烈人心的報(bào)紙。由此可推知,這篇文章主要講了兩個(gè)重要人物使報(bào)紙發(fā)生了很大的變更。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選D。D(2024·南昌高二檢測(cè))Sharksusetheirgoodsenseofsmelltosearchforprey(獵物).Butanewstudyshowsthattherisinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheoceancouldreducesharks’abilitytofindfood.It’sbadnewsforahealthyocean.Sharksaretoppredators(掠食動(dòng)物)andareliketheocean’sweedcontrollers.DixsonworksattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts.Herearlierworkhasshownthatclownfishinacidifying(酸化的)wateractstrangely.“Wewanttoexpandthisresearchtosharks,becauseweknowhowimportantitisforsharkstofindtheirfoodthroughtheirsenseofsmell,”saidDixson.Herteamstartedbyplacingsharksineachofthreedifferentpoolsforfivedays.Eachpoolhadadifferentlevelofcarbondioxideinit.Thefirsthadthesameamountastoday’soceanwater.Thesecondhadalevelofcarbondioxidethatscientistsexpecttoreachby2050.Thethirdpoolhadthehighestlevelofcarbondioxidethatcoulddevelopbytheyear2100.Sharksweren’tallowedtoeatanyfoodwhileinthepools.Thismadesurethattheywouldbehungry.Then,Dixsonreleasedthesharksoneatatimeintoapoolwithtwoside-by-sidestreamsofflowingwater.Inonestream,theresearcherspumpedwater,inwhichadeadsquidhadbeenovernight.Thiswatersmelledstronglyofthesquid.Theotherstreamcontainedoceanwaterwithnoscent(氣味).Becauseeachstreamflowedatthesamerateandinthesamedirection,thesquidsmellstayedinitsstream.Thesharkscouldchoosetoswimineitherstream.Sharksthathadbeenswimmingforfivedaysinpoolsofregularoceanwaterspentmorethan60percentoftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.Thesamewastrueforsharksthathadbeeninwaterwiththecarbondioxidelevelthatcoulddevelopbytheyear2050.Butsharksexposedtothehighestlevelofcarbondioxidespentjust15percentoftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.

【文章大意】這是一篇科普類閱讀。文章主要講了探討發(fā)覺(jué),海洋里二氧化碳的濃度會(huì)影響鯊魚(yú)的嗅覺(jué),會(huì)給它們帶來(lái)不好的影響。32.Whydidthewritermentionthesharks’senseofsmellatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Becausethewriterappreciatestheirabilitytofindfood.B.Becausethewriterconsidersthemdangeroustohumanbeings.C.Becausethewriterintendstoshowhowtocontrolweedintheocean.D.Becausethewriterworriesaboutthesharksintheocean.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。作者在第一段中提到鯊魚(yú)的嗅覺(jué),主要是引出主題——海洋環(huán)境的變更會(huì)對(duì)鯊魚(yú)的覓食實(shí)力造成危害。因此可以推知作者擔(dān)憂生活在海洋中的鯊魚(yú),故選D。33.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whattheoceaninthefuturewillbelike.B.WhohelpedDixsonconductthestudy.C.Whatkindsofpoolswereusedduringthestudy.D.Whatthelevelsofcarbondioxidewillbeatintheoceaninthefuture.【解析】選C。段落大意題。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,本段主要是講Dixson和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)把鯊魚(yú)放在哪些池子里做試驗(yàn),故選C。34.Theresearcherspumpedwaterwhereadeadsquidhadbeenovernightto______.A.helpthesharkslookforfoodB.testthesharks’senseofsmellC.provethatsharkslikeeatingsquidsD.explainwhycarbondioxideintheoceanaffectssharks【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知探討人員往水池里放了有已經(jīng)放了一夜的死魷魚(yú)的水,其目的是測(cè)試鯊魚(yú)在特定的環(huán)境下能否聞到那種氣味,故選B。35.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Sharkslikethesquid-scentedstreambetter.B.Sharkslikethestreamwiththehighlevelofcarbondioxide.C.Sharksspent15%oftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.D.Thehighlevelofcarbondioxidecanaffectthesharksabilitytosmell.【解析】選D。詞句推斷題。畫(huà)線句子的意思是“但是,曾置身于最高濃度的二氧化碳中的鯊魚(yú)只在魷魚(yú)味的水中待了僅僅15%的時(shí)間”。由此可知,Dixson團(tuán)隊(duì)的試驗(yàn)發(fā)覺(jué),鯊魚(yú)的嗅覺(jué)的確受到二氧化碳濃度的影響,故選D。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplethinkthatpersonaldevelopmentissomethingtheycan’tdo.36Youmightfindafewnewsuggestionsinthisarticle.

Agreatwaytohelpone’smoodistoliveinthehereandnow.TheideaissimilartotheideainEckhartTolle’sThePowerofNow.Ifyouliveinthepresentmoment,youcannoteverpossiblybeinpain,becausetoknowpaintherehastobeapast.37Duringhardtimeswetendtoalwaysthinkaboutwhatistroublingusandlosesightofthebiggerpicture.Afaithhelpsonefocusonthatbiggerpicturewhilechangingthefocusfromhardshiptoahigherpower.

Tohelpyourself,focusonhelpingothers.38Doyouviewthemasuniqueindividualswhoareworthyofrespect,ordoyoujustseethemasobstacles(絆腳石)whoarealwaysgettinginyourway?Themoreyoucareaboutothers,themoreyouwillcareforyourself.

Whenyouaretryingtoimproveyourself,itisimportanttoremembertofocusononethingatatime.39Thisleadstofrustrationandeventuallyyoumaygiveup.

Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutself-improvementistosetachievablegoalsforyourself.Settinggoalsthatareunreachablewillonlymakeyoufeeldiscouraged!Theinformationyoujustlookedatshouldhelpyoutofeelmoreconfidentofyoureffortstogrowasanindividual.40

A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.B.Payattentiontoyourattitudestowardsothers.C.Ifyoutrytoimproveseveraldifferentaspects,youmaylosecontrolofallofthem.D.Butthetruthisthateveryonecanhelpthemselvespersonallydevelop.E.Sometimesfindingafaithtodevoteoneselftoisagreatself-helpidea.F.Keepapositivemindset(心態(tài)),andapplyyourchosentipsconsistently.G.Beingkindisalwayshelpfultoyourself.【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文,文章提出幾條關(guān)于個(gè)人發(fā)展的建議。36.【解析】選D。上文提到Manypeoplethinkthatpersonaldevelopmentissomethingtheycan’tdo.可知文章是關(guān)于personaldevelopment的話題;選項(xiàng)D中helpthemselvespersonallydevelop與上文話題一樣,是順承上文。personaldevelopment和personallydevelop是詞匯重復(fù),詞性發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)化。選項(xiàng)D意為:但事實(shí)是,每個(gè)人都可以幫助自己發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)。37.【解析】選E。依據(jù)本段最終一句Afaithhelpsonefocusonthatbiggerpicture(信仰幫助一個(gè)人專注于更大的圖景)可知,本段是談?wù)撽P(guān)于信仰的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)E意為:有時(shí),找到一種你可以專注的信仰是一個(gè)很好的自助的想法。Afaithhelpsonefocuson和afaithtodevoteoneselfto中的afaith是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),focuson和devoteoneselfto是語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)換。故選E項(xiàng)。38.【解析】選B。本段結(jié)尾句Themoreyoucareaboutothers,themoreyouwillcareforyourself(你越關(guān)切別人,就是越關(guān)切自己)與選項(xiàng)B語(yǔ)義相同?？涨皁thers和空后的them、others、yourself與選項(xiàng)B中others重復(fù)。選項(xiàng)B意為:留意你對(duì)別人的看法。故選B項(xiàng)。39.【解析】選C?？涨暗膇mproveyourself、focusononethingatatime和選項(xiàng)C中improveseveraldifferentaspects語(yǔ)義關(guān)聯(lián)。選項(xiàng)C意為:假如你試圖改進(jìn)幾個(gè)不同的方面,你可能會(huì)失去對(duì)全部這些方面的限制。故選C項(xiàng)。40.【解析】選F。此段是文章總結(jié)段落,與第一段相呼應(yīng)。第一段Youmightfindafewnewsuggestions(你可能會(huì)找到新的建議)和選項(xiàng)F中applyyourchosentipsconsistently(堅(jiān)持運(yùn)用你所選擇的建議)相呼應(yīng);suggestions和tips為同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)F意為:保持主動(dòng)的心態(tài),并堅(jiān)持運(yùn)用你所選擇的建議。故選F項(xiàng)。【解題方法】做七選五時(shí),要依據(jù)文中和選項(xiàng)中的詞匯線索1.連接性詞語(yǔ):連接性的詞語(yǔ)可表明段落間、句際間的語(yǔ)義邏輯關(guān)系。(1)承接關(guān)系:so,therefore,thus,consequently等;(2)平列關(guān)系:first,second;firstly,secondly;first,next,then;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace;foronething...foranother等;(3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:however,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,otherwise等;(4)對(duì)比關(guān)系:incontrast,incomparison,ontheotherhand等;(5)層遞關(guān)系:also,furthermore,similarly,inaddition,what’smore等。2.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn):復(fù)現(xiàn)是指作者在文章上下文的不同位置對(duì)同一概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)主要有同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。如:本文中第一空前personaldevelopment和選項(xiàng)D中personallydevelop是詞性發(fā)生變更的同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。又如第一段中suggestions和選項(xiàng)F中tips是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。3.代詞的指代。如第三空前后都出現(xiàn)others,以及空后的them也是反復(fù)出現(xiàn),是代詞的線索。第四空后的This是代詞指代,指代前面選項(xiàng)C中youmaylosecontrolofallofthem,也是代詞線索。第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mike,amountainclimber,wasfamousforhisattemptstoclimbthebigsnowymountain.Hehadtrieditatleastthirtytimes,buthadalwaysfailedhalfway.Forthesakeof41Miketotryagain,Jack,thetownoptician,whowitnessedhis42,presentedhimwithapairof43sunglasses.“Ifitstartscloudingoverorifyourfeetstarthurting,putontheseglasses.They’llhelpyou.”Mikeacceptedthe44withoutgivingitmuchmind,butwhenhisfeetstarted45againherememberedhiswordsandputontheglasses.Then46cameasusualintheformofcloudcover,butseeminglynotsothickthistime.SoMike47climbing,leavingthecloudsbehind,forgettinghis48,andfinallyarrivingatthesummit.Itwas49worthit.Hisfeelingoftriumphwas50,almostasma