牛津英語第二單位常識(shí)點(diǎn)與語法點(diǎn)

9A上海版牛津英語第二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)與語法點(diǎn)一復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課非謂語動(dòng)詞二.1.beshortof“缺少，短缺”eg:Thisareaisshortofwater.2.howmuch與howmany“多少”howmuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞；howmany修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Eg：Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?Howmuchjuicedoyouwant?3.Wouldyoulike…“你想要…..”eg:Wouldyouliketohaveacupoftea?答語：肯定：Yes,please./否定：No,thanks./I’dloveto,but…..Wouldyouliketogowithme?I’dloveto,butIhaven'tfinishmywork.Whatwouldyoulike?答語：肯定:I’dlike…./I’dloveto…..eg：whatwouldyoulike?I’dlikeaglassofwater.4.below在…..下方5.helpsb(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事Eg:Canyouhelpmefinishthetask?Sheoftenhelpsmedothehousework.=Sheoftenhelpsmetodothehousework.“n”-----“幫助，幫忙”eg:Thankyouforyourhelp.Withthehelpof在….的幫助下…eg:Withthehelpofmyteacher,myEnglishimproved.6.sound；noise；voice辨析：sound泛指一切可以聽到的聲音；noise指噪音，吵鬧聲，通常指不悅耳的，不和諧的，或令人討厭的聲音。Voice指嗓音，也可以指鳥鳴的聲音。練習(xí)Themusicmademethinkofthe______ofarunningstream.A.shoutBnoiseCvoiceD.sound7.hardlyever“幾乎不，很少”hardly是副詞，位于助動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。hardly本身表示否定的含義，用于反義疑問句，附加疑問部分用肯定形式。Eg:Hecanhardlydoanyhousework,___________?他幾乎不會(huì)做家務(wù)，是不是?Thereishardlyanymilkleftinthefridge,____________?冰箱里幾乎沒剩下多少牛奶了，是不是？hardly用于句首，句子要用于倒裝。Eg:HardlyhadIfalledasleepwhensomeonekonckedatthedoor.我剛剛睡著就有人敲門。練習(xí)：IwassotiredthatIcould________walkanyfarther.A.nearlyB.hardlyC.reallyD.suddenly8.also副詞“也”位于助動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，用法比較正式，而too和aswell一般位于句尾，在否定句之中用either.Eg:IstduyChinese,andIalsoStudyEnglish.Tomcanswim.Icanswimtoo.Shedoesn’twanttogotothepark,either.她也不想去公園引申:notonly…..butalso…..“不但…..而且….”注意：謂語動(dòng)詞要與also后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Eg:NotonlyhebutalsoIamastudent.不但是他，而且我也是學(xué)生。9maybe“可能是”與maybe的辨析：Maybe是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may與動(dòng)詞be連用作句子的謂語，意為“可能是”放于句中。maybe是副詞，意為“大概”只能用作狀語。放句首。Eg:Hemaybeatschool.他可能在學(xué)校。Maybeheisatschool.也許他在學(xué)校。10.beawareof“意識(shí)到”beunawareof“未意識(shí)到”11.辨析it與oneIt代詞，可用來代替上文提到的同一人或事物。Eg:Iwanttouseyourpen,passittome.One所代替的是同類事物中的一個(gè)，泛指前面所提到的物或者人，復(fù)數(shù)是ones.Eg:Ihavenoexercisebooks.Lendmeone.One或ones前面可以加冠詞或形容詞，而it則不能。Eg：Theredsweateristoosmall.Iwantalargerone.這件衣服太小了，我想要件大的。練習(xí)：——Ineedsomethingforcutting_________thepaper.-------Oh,youwantaknif?OK,I’llget________foryou.A.itB.thatC.thisD.one12.dependon“依靠，依賴”Eg:Weshouldn’tdependonourparents.我們不應(yīng)該總依賴我們的父母。dependon/upon“視….而定”;取決于….Eg:Thesuccessoftheexperimentdependsontheweather.這次實(shí)驗(yàn)的成功與否取決于天氣。13.Computersaretoldwhattodobyprogrames.電腦要通過程序被命令做什么。whattodo是“疑問詞+不定式”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語。Eg:Idon’tknowwhattosay.Canyoutellmehowtodoit?Howtodoitisthemostimportant.練習(xí)：Therearesomanykindsofcomputersintheshop.Ireallydon’tknow______tochose.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where14.目前：atpresent15.Itiscommonkonwledgethat…..“眾所周知”16.Itisessentialthat….必須，應(yīng)該Itisessentialthatthehumansdoesnotmakeamistake.17.Theanswertothequestion.這個(gè)問題的答案。Thekeytothedoor18.forthetimebeing=forthepresent“暫時(shí)，目前”19.sometimes有時(shí)Sometime某時(shí)Sometime一段時(shí)間Sometimes一些次1.taste作系動(dòng)詞，“嘗起來”，其后加形容詞作表語。Eg:Thefoodtastesdelicious.這種食物嘗起來很好吃。Themilktastesstrange.這種牛奶嘗起來味道很怪。look，smell，taste，sound和feel是五個(gè)常用的系動(dòng)詞練習(xí)：Thecookies_______good.CouldIhavesomemore?A.tasteB.smellC.feelD.sound——Hi，Tony.Themilkshake______good.-----I’mgladyoulikeit.A.soundsBfalls.C.goesD.tastes2.agree同意（1）agreewith/on/toagreewith+某人/某人說的話——“同意某人的觀點(diǎn)”eg:Iagreewithyou.agreeto+計(jì)劃/建議——“同意某一計(jì)劃或建議”Heagreestomyplanatlast.agreeon+表示具體的文件，計(jì)劃，行動(dòng)的詞。Theyagreedonthatthing.(2)agreetodosth.同意做某事eg:Heagreedtocometohelpus.(3)agree+that從句eg：Herparentsagreedthatshewentonwithherstudy.3Whatdoyouthinkof….和Howdoyoulike…?可以互換——“認(rèn)為…..怎么樣”4payattentionto注意dieof與diefrom因….而死Dieof強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)因eg:Shediedofcancer.她死于癌癥。Diefrom強(qiáng)調(diào)外因eg:Shediedfromachestwound.她死于胸部受傷。mean“意味著”其后可以接名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞和從句。Eg;Thedarkcloudsmeanrain.這些烏云是下雨的征兆。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanhour.趕不上這趟火車意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。Mean還有“意欲，打算”之意，后接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語，不用—ing形式。Mean還有“意思是”eg：Theredlightmeans“stop”紅燈表示停止。注:meandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth“打算做某事”7.inthe1960s“在20世紀(jì)60年代”in1960“在1960年”Eg:Mostofuswereborninthe1990s.我們大多數(shù)出生于20世紀(jì)90年代。as…..as“和……一樣”中間用形容詞或副詞原形，其否定形式是notas/so…..as…“不如”Eg:HesingsaswellasMike.他唱的和邁克一樣好。Thisbookisn’tas/sointerestingasthatone.這本書不如那本有趣。練習(xí)：Listeningisjustas_______asspeakinginlanguagelearing.A.importantB.moreimportantCmostimportantD.themostimportant8.thenumberof“….的數(shù)量”+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”,作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Thenumberofstudentsinourclassisforty.我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是40人。Anumberof“大量,許多”Anumberofstudentshavebeenthere.許多學(xué)生去過那了。練習(xí)：——Anumberofstudents_______inthedinninghall.——Letmecount.Thenumberofthestudents_______about400.A.are;isBis;areCare;areD.is;is9.turnon“打開….”反義---turnoff關(guān)閉Eg:Turnonthelight,please.Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.Turnup調(diào)大聲音turndown調(diào)小聲音練習(xí);1.Don’tdoanyotherthingswhileyouaredoingyourhomework.Soplease_______yourmp3.AturnupB.turndownCturnonD.turnoff2.Mike________hiscomputerandcheckedhise-mail.AturnonBturnoffCturnedupDturndown重點(diǎn)短語：依靠__________atpresent____________常識(shí)__________turnon___________犯錯(cuò)誤________workout_________注意_____________infrontof________……的數(shù)量____________succeedindoingsth.______-缺少__________attheend___________形容詞的比較等級(jí)考點(diǎn)：形容詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)，以單選形式出現(xiàn)。定義：修飾詞用法：1.作主語：the+adjeg:Theyoungshouldgivetheirseatstotheold.2.作表語：Sheisverybeautiful.3.作定語：注：放在名詞之前，不定代詞之后。4.作補(bǔ)語：make,keep,leave,find.Shekeepshereyesclosed.5.作狀語：Hewenthome,sleepyandhungry.三．比較等級(jí)：1.原級(jí)：asadj/adv原級(jí)as修飾詞有：so,very,quiteEg:Sheisastallasyou.Herunsasfastasme.1單音節(jié)：（1）一般在詞尾加er,est如：tall,long.（2）以e字母結(jié)尾的詞加r,st.如：nice,fine比較級(jí)1.規(guī)則變化（3）以輔元輔結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫未字母加：er,est.如：big,sit,thin.（4）輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變I加er,est.最高級(jí)構(gòu)成如：sunny,heavy.2.多音節(jié)：在形容詞副詞前加more,most.如：beautiful,careful,popular.2.不規(guī)則變化：好壞多少遠(yuǎn)老good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderoldesteldereldest修飾比較級(jí)的詞：much,far,abit/alittle,still,even,rather考點(diǎn)句型1.thaneg:Sheistallerthanme.2.whichis_____AorB?eg:Whichcolourdoyoulikebetter,redorblue?3.The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)eg：Themore,thebetter.4.比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)eg：It’sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.5.the+比較級(jí)ofthetwoeg:Heisthetallerofthetwins.最高級(jí)（the+最高級(jí)）考點(diǎn)（1）whichis_______A,BorC?eg：Whichcityisthemostbeautiful,Beijing,Shanghai,orHangzhou?(2)有限定范圍的:intheworldofthethreeeg：ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.注意：副詞前不加the------Heranfarthest.(3)oneofthe+最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)eg:Heisoneofthemostpopularscholar.(學(xué)者)the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+范圍eg：thefirstlongestriverinChina練習(xí)：1.Nowtheairinourcityis______thanitusedtobe.Somethingmustbedonetostopit.A.verygoodB.muchbetterC.ratherbadD.evenworse2.----Areyoufeelingbettertoday,dear？----No，even______.A.wellB.betterC.badD.worse語法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題-形容詞1

()1.Thisboxis___thatone.

A.heavythanB.soheavythan

C.heavierasD.asheavyas

()2Whenwespeaktopeople,weshouldbe

.

A.aspoliteaspossibleB.aspoliteaspossibly

C.aspolitelyaspossibleD.aspolitelyaspossibly

()3Thisbookis____thatone,but____thanthatone.

A.asdifficultas;expensive

B.asmoredifficultas;moreexpensive

C.asdifficultas;moreexpensive

D.moredifficultas;asexpensive

()4Ithinkthestoryisnotso___asthatone.

A.interestingB.interestedC.moreinterestingD.mostinteresting

()5Hisfatherbegantowork____hewassevenyearsold.

A.asoldasB.asearlyasC.sinceD.while

2

()1.Ithinkscienceis_thanJapanese.

A.muchimportantB.important

C.muchmoreimportantD.moremuchimportant

()2Thispencilis___thanthatone.

A.longestB.longC.longerD.aslong

()3Mymotherisno___young.

A.shorterB.longerC.littleD.few

()4Thesechildrenare____thisyearthantheywerelastyear.

A.moretallB.moretallerC.verytallerD.muchtaller

()5Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis___today.

A.evenhotterB.morehotter

C.muchmorehotD.muchhot

()6.MrsBlackhasgot____insteadofgettinganybetter.

A.morebadB.alittleworseC.muchbadlyD.alotofworse

3

()1Whenwearrived,wefoundthemeetingroomcrowdedwith___students.

A.quiteafewB.onlyafewC.fewD.afewquite

()2Thehouseis

smallforafamilyofsix.

A.muchtooB.toomuchC.verymuchD.so

()3Throughthewindowwecanseenothingbut____buildings.

A.tallverymanyB.verymanytallC.verytallmanyD.manyverytall

()4-What'syourbrotherlike?

-Heis___.

A.adriverB.verytallC.myfriendD.atschool

()5Thejacketwasso___thathedecidedtobuyit.

A.muchB.littleC.expensiveD.cheapl

()6Ourclassroomis____largerthantheirs.

A.moreB.quiteC.veryD.much

4

()1Theearthisabout____asthemoon.

A.asfiftytimebigB.fiftytimesasbig

C.asbigfiftytimesD.fiftyastimesbig

()2Yourroomismine.

A.twiceaslargethanB.twicethesizeof

C.biggertwicethanD.astwicelargeas

()3Yourroomis___thanmine.

A.threetimebigB.threetimesbigC.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes

()4Hisfatheris____thanhismother.

A.olderfouryearsB.asfouryearsolder

C.fouryearsolderD.biggerfouryears

5

()1Mathsismorepopularthan____.

A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjectsC.anysubjectD.othersubject

()2Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.

A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry

()3Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.

A.anyotherbo