2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評價(jià)十五Unit5RevealingnatureUsinglanguage含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE十四Unit5UsinglanguageⅠ.用動(dòng)詞(短語)的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Wehadpainted(paint)thehousebeforewemoved(move)in.

2.Thatricholdmanhadmade(make)awillbeforehedied(die).

3.Theyhadstudied(study)themapofthecountrybeforetheyleft(leave).

4.Therobbershadrunaway(runaway)beforethepolicemenarrived(arrive).

5.Ihadturnedoff(turnoff)allthelightsbeforeIwent(go)tobed.

6.Paulwent(go)outwithJaneafterhehadmade(make)aphonecall.

7.Tomsaid(say)hehadread(read)thebooktwice.

8.Ourplanfailed(fail)becausewehadmade(make)abadmistake.

9.Whenthechairman(had)finished(finish)speaking,heleft(leave)thehall.

10.TheReadswerehaving/hadhad(have)lunchwhenIgot(get)totheirhouse.

Ⅱ.完成句子1.Wehadlearnedabout4,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.

到上學(xué)期末,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了大約4000個(gè)英語單詞。2.Iwaiteduntilhe(had)finishedhishomework.

我始終等到他做完他的作業(yè)。3.Weweresurprisedatwhatshehadalreadydone.

我們對她已經(jīng)做的事感到驚異。4.Shedidn’tgotoQingdaobecauseshehadbeentherebefore.

她沒有去青島,因?yàn)樗郧叭ミ^那里。5.Hesaidhehadalreadygiventhebooktotheteacher.

他說他已經(jīng)把書給了老師。Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·鄭州高二檢測)AteamofresearchersledbyengineersfromPennStateUniversityhascreatedthefirstmaterialthathealsitselfinthepresenceofwater,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.Thematerial,inspiredbysquid(魷魚)teeth,couldbeusedtorepairinstrumentsinwater-filledenvironmentsthataredifficulttoaccess,suchasthehumanbody,orthebottomofthesea.Theresearchershadbeenstudyingsquids’ringteeth,whichareuniquelystrongandcanchangestatefromliquidtosolidinthepresenceofwater.Aftertestingringteethsamplesfromseveralspeciesofsquidfoundallovertheworld,theresearchersuncoveredthegeneticcodefortheproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatallowtheteethtohealthemselveswhenbroken.Theythenchangedthegeneticstructureofbacteriatoproducetheproteinssotheycouldconductmoretests.Theresearchersthenmadetheproteinsintoarubberyplasticbymixingthemwithasolvent(溶劑)andlettingthesolventchangeintoagas.Theresultingmaterialcombinesasoft,shapelesspartoftheproteinthatgivestheplasticitsself-healingcharacteristicsandamorestructuredsheetofaminoacids(氨基酸)thatgiveitasolidstructure.Totestthematerial’sstrength,theresearcherscutit,andthenputthetwopiecesbacktogetherwithadropofwater.Theyfoundthatthematerialhealedbestat113degreesFahrenheit,alittlewarmerthanthetemperatureofthehumanbody,andwithslightpressurefromametaltool.Thematerialwasjustasstrong,andabletoholdthesameamountofweight,beforeandafteritwascut.Materialthathealsitselfinthepresenceofwatercouldexpandtheusabilityofbiomedicalimplants(移植).Ofcourse,thismaterialisnowherenearreadyforthatapplication,andtheresearchersdidn’ttestwhethertheconstantpresenceofwaterdegrades(降低)theplastic’sabilitytohealitself.Theresearchersnextplantostudyhowtheirtechnologycouldhelphealwounds.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了科學(xué)家從魷魚的可以自愈的牙齒中得到啟發(fā),獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種可以自愈的材料,并且對這個(gè)材料進(jìn)行了一系列探討。1.AccordingtoParagraph3,therubberyplasticbecomesself-healingincombinationwith_______.

A.aminoacidsB.anotherkindofrubberC.amixtureofgasesD.someprotein【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段可知,這種材料結(jié)合了蛋白質(zhì)中松軟的、不成形的部分,使塑料具有自我修復(fù)的特性,更有結(jié)構(gòu)的氨基酸片也使其具有固體結(jié)構(gòu)。故橡膠塑料是結(jié)合了蛋白質(zhì)中松軟的、不成形的部分才變得具有自我修復(fù)的特性。故選D。2.InParagraph4,theresearcherscarriedoutatesttocheckwhetherthematerial_______.

A.wasfitforhumanbodyB.wouldmeltathightemperaturesC.couldbeconnectedwiththemetalD.wouldrecoveritsoriginalstrengthafterhealingitself【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段可知,為了測試該材料的強(qiáng)度,探討人員將其切開,然后將兩塊加一滴水放回去?？芍獪y試的是有關(guān)強(qiáng)度方面的信息。故選D。3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheself-healingmaterial?A.Positive. B.Objective.C.Doubtful. D.Critical.【解析】選B。觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)文章最終一段可知,這種材料還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿意該應(yīng)用的須要,探討人員也沒有測試水的持續(xù)存在是否會降低塑料的自愈實(shí)力。作者在前文陳述了自愈材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn),在最終一段也指出了缺點(diǎn),可見作者是持一個(gè)客觀的看法來看待的。故選B。4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Akindofself-healingteethwasmadefromsquids’ringteeth.B.Thegeneticcodeofsquids’specialteethhasbeenuncovered.C.Super-strongmaterialinspiredbysquidteethisself-healing.D.Aspecialrubberyplasticisusedtoreplacesquids’teeth.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。閱讀全文可知,文章講解并描述了科學(xué)家從魷魚的可以自愈的牙齒中得到啟發(fā),獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種可以自愈的材料,并且對這個(gè)材料進(jìn)行了一系列探討。故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond1.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof2therefromaveryyoungage.

Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething3happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe4itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.5,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He6thatitwasbecausethereweren’tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe7.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek8duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe9departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand1011youngplantsinthedryseasonwas12foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe13ofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto14rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.

Molai15toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.

【文章大意】文章講解并描述了一個(gè)印度男孩幾十年如一日在所在的村莊周邊的荒島上植樹造林,最終把荒島變成了多種動(dòng)植物生長的家園。1.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)第一句可知小村莊是他的家,那么后文提到的wetlands就是他的其次個(gè)家了。2.A.nature B.youthC.culture D.knowledge【解析】選A。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容他植樹造林愛護(hù)動(dòng)植物,可推知他深知自然的價(jià)值和漂亮。3.A.precious B.interestingC.disturbing D.awkward【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)下一句“洪水侵襲了這一地區(qū),迫使很多鳥類離開,蛇的數(shù)量也在削減”可知不好的事情發(fā)生了。disturbing令人擔(dān)心的,符合語境。故選C。4.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage【解析】選D。固定搭配題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知itcaused為定語從句,結(jié)合句意可知洪水帶來的損害是使鳥類離開此地,causedamage造成損害,為習(xí)慣搭配。5.A.Besides B.HoweverC.Therefore D.Otherwise【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。由前一句“鳥類飛走了”和本句“蛇的數(shù)量削減了”可知兩句都是洪水的危害。however和otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,therefore表示因果關(guān)系,besides表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,故besides符合語境。6.A.agreed B.realizedC.remembered D.predicted【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合賓語從句的內(nèi)容可知這是他分析后得出的結(jié)論,故為realize(意識到)。7.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合本句中的weren’tenoughtrees和下一句中的duringthedaytime可推知樹木用來遮陰,愛護(hù)這些動(dòng)物免受太陽照耀的熱量,故為heat。8.A.directions B.partnersC.help D.shelter【解析】選D。背景常識題。依據(jù)常識可知樹木在炙熱的陽光下可以為動(dòng)物供應(yīng)遮擋。故選D。9.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)上下文可知要解決問題就得種樹,他自然會向林業(yè)相關(guān)部門尋求幫助。故選C。10.A.rebuilt B.discoveredC.left D.managed【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容anearbyisland可知他找到一個(gè)小島,用discover。11.A.Decorating B.ObservingC.Watering D.Guarding【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合下文的內(nèi)容可知本段講的是樹木的澆灌問題,故用water(澆水),符合語境。12.A.tough B.illegalC.fantastic D.beneficial【解析】選A。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合句意“在干旱季節(jié)給樹苗澆水對于一個(gè)男孩來說是很……”和下文他所做的努力可知應(yīng)當(dāng)是很“困難的”。tough困難的。13.A.back B.top C.foot D.side【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合下一句中的ontheplantsbelow可推知在樹的上方他建了一個(gè)小裝置,故選B。14.A.cooldown B.keepoffC.purify D.collect【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。結(jié)合下一句雨水會從上方的裝置中滴下去給樹澆水可知這種裝置是為了收集雨水,故選D。15.A.returned B.learnedC.failed D.continued【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語forthenext37years可知他接著做這樣的事情很長時(shí)間了,故選D?！倦y句剖析】Molaibuiltatthetopofeachsaplingabambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater.分析:本句是一個(gè)帶有where引導(dǎo)的定語從句的復(fù)合句。在主句中介詞短語atthetopofeachsapling放到了賓語abambooplatform之前。翻譯:Molai在每一棵小樹的頂部建了一個(gè)竹子平臺,他把帶小洞的砂鍋放在上面收集雨水。Ⅲ.語法填空Learninganylanguageneedspractice—lotsofpractice!Itisofgreat1.________(significant)topracticeEnglishonadailybasis,2.________willhelpyoumakeitahabittostudyEnglish.

ListentoandreadEnglisheveryday.There3.________(be)anumberofbeginner-levellisteningandreadingmaterialsthatyoucanuse.Books4.________(write)forchildrenarealsoagreatidea.

Openyourmouthandspeakevenifyouonlyspeakto5.________(you).Speakoutloud.Trytoquicklysummarize6.________youhaveheardorread.Ofcourse,it’sbetterifyoucandothis7.________afriend.FindafriendandtalkinEnglishtogetherafewtimesaweek.

Takethirtyminuteseveryday8.________atleastfourtimesaweek9.________(practise)yourEnglish!Ifyoucontinuetodothis,you10.________(find)howamazinglyyourEnglishimproves!

【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了提高英語水平的方法,包括練習(xí)材料的選擇,練習(xí)的方法,以及堅(jiān)持練習(xí)才能夠有效提高英語水平。1.【解析】significance?？疾槊~。句意:每天練習(xí)英語是很重要的,這將幫助你養(yǎng)成學(xué)習(xí)英語的習(xí)慣。分析可知,空前great為形容詞,所填空應(yīng)是名詞?！癰eofgreat+抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于“be(+very)+adj.”,意為“特別……的”。故填significance。2.【解析】which?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句。句意:每天練習(xí)英語是很重要的,這將幫助你養(yǎng)成學(xué)習(xí)英語的習(xí)慣。分析可知,“_______willhelpyoumakeitahabittostudyEnglish”為之前主句的非限制性定語從句,主句為先行詞,在從句中作主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo),意為“這”。故填which。

3.【解析】are?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。句意:有很多你可以運(yùn)用的初學(xué)者水平的聽力和閱讀材料。分析可知,所填空句式為“therebe”句式中的be,采納就近原則,結(jié)合文中時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語“anumberofbeginner-levellisteningandreadingmaterialsthatyoucanuse(很多你可