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WelcometoMyClassClozeTest完形填空的解題技巧高考英語(yǔ)完形填空趨勢(shì)從近幾年高考的完形填空來(lái)看,考核學(xué)生語(yǔ)法方面的知識(shí)已經(jīng)很少了,而是從上下文邏輯、詞義辨析、慣用搭配及基本常識(shí)等方面來(lái)測(cè)試學(xué)生詞匯的掌握及運(yùn)用。而且有些詞的選擇,必須在理解整篇文章的基礎(chǔ)上,才能作出正確的判斷。
(一)完形填空題的題型特點(diǎn)1.首句完整
“完形填空”所選短文一般無(wú)標(biāo)題,但首句通常不設(shè)空,目的是讓考生迅速進(jìn)入主題,熟悉語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。2.語(yǔ)境選擇近幾年的高考完形填空題主要考查考生對(duì)上下文的理解,要求考生通過(guò)語(yǔ)境來(lái)作出選擇?!罢Z(yǔ)境能力型”試題具有相當(dāng)難度,因?yàn)橥晷翁羁账o的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往在語(yǔ)法方面都能成立,錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某種搭配,極具干擾和迷惑作用。做完形填空題,需要我們立足語(yǔ)篇環(huán)境,樹立全局觀念,瞻前顧后,連貫思維,從語(yǔ)境角度來(lái)選擇答案。3.動(dòng)名為主完形填空所給的選項(xiàng)一般是同一詞類,或?qū)偻环懂?。測(cè)試點(diǎn)往往集中于某些詞類。高考完形填空題考查動(dòng)詞(5—8個(gè))、名詞(4—6個(gè))、然后是形容詞,副詞等。而介詞、連詞、冠詞等虛詞則相對(duì)考得較少。這是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的完形填空主要考察語(yǔ)境,而在通常情況下只有實(shí)詞才能較好地體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)境。4.難處暗示難選之處前后多有暗示。這種暗示多為后面暗示前面,也就是說(shuō)前面的填空從當(dāng)時(shí)的情況來(lái)看,或是線索不清,或是語(yǔ)境不明,無(wú)法填出,但只要我們繼續(xù)往下讀,我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)此空在后面的某個(gè)地方有暗示。5.選材近幾年來(lái)的高考完型填空題材多為具有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文或具有一定哲理和教育意義,夾敘夾議,以敘為主的議論文。短文內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),邏輯性強(qiáng),層次分明。
(三)完型填空題實(shí)用解題技巧
實(shí)用技巧一:尋找關(guān)鍵信息詞來(lái)選擇答案
例:NormanCousinswasabusinessmanfromtheUnitedStateswhooftentraveledaroundtheworldonbusiness.Heenjoyedhis__1__andtraveling.1.A.timeB.holidayC.sleepD.workD接著讀下文:
Then,afterreturningtotheUnitedStatesfroma_2___triptotheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublic(USSR),Mr.Cousinsgotsick.Becausehehadpushedhisbodytothelimitofitsstrengthonthetrip,achangebegantotakeplace__3___him.Thematerialbetweenhisbonesbecameweak.A.boringB.tiringC.dangerous D.pleasantA.fromB.around
C.inside D.besideBC實(shí)用技巧二:根據(jù)詞的固定搭配和句型來(lái)選擇答案
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)包含著大量的固定搭配、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)以及各種句型結(jié)構(gòu)等。詞的固定搭配,特別是動(dòng)詞的搭配題是完形填空測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)。這種情況命題方式常見的有兩種:一是將固定搭配中的某個(gè)詞刪去,二是在原來(lái)的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)中插入較長(zhǎng)的文字結(jié)構(gòu),造成搭配關(guān)系的松散現(xiàn)象。如:
Aperson’sfeelingdepends,accordingtoDr.Green,___theclimate.
Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto_1__theNobelprize,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat__2__tothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.1.A.establish
B.form
C.develop
D.promote2.A.additions
B.sacrifices
C.changes
D.contributions
實(shí)用技巧三:
背景知識(shí)或生活常識(shí)
1.
Butweransomuchthatwehadtrouble______.
A.speaking
B.moving
C.sleeping
D.breathing
Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotally____,andmyfacewentred.
A.embarrassed
B.annoyed
C.unsatisfied
D.excited.例:PagodaStreetisastreetlikemanyothers–notveryclean,notverywide,___1____wideenoughfortwobusestopass.Butitisa__2___streetallthesame,particularlyduringtherushhour.1.A.also B.evenC.and D.only2.A.famousB.usefulC.busyD.freeDC
實(shí)用技巧四:通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)選擇答案
Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors.Doorsmanyhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadto___differences.
A.national
B.embarrassing
C.cultural
D.amazing實(shí)用技巧五:利用語(yǔ)法分析,搞定語(yǔ)法題目完形填空中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些復(fù)雜的句式,給做題帶來(lái)一些困難。雖然語(yǔ)法不再是考查的重點(diǎn),而且一再被淡化,但偶爾還有語(yǔ)法分析題出現(xiàn)In
one
of
the
darkest
times
__2__
his
strong-minded
grandfather
was
nearlypenniless,
he
loaded
his
family
into
the
car
and
took
them
to
see
family
members
in
Canada
with
a
belief“there
are
more
important
things
in
life
than
money”.
2.A.when
B.while
C.how
D.why
一顯身手
BACCD,DBADD,CABBD,ACBAD完形填空
OnAugust26,1999,NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.Theraincausedthestreetsto
36
andthesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop.Unfortunately,thishappenedduringthemorningrushhour.Manypeoplewhoweregoingtoworkwere
37
togohome.Somebattledto
38
ataxiortogetonabus.Stillothersfacedthe
39
bravely,walkingmilestogettowork.I
40
tobeoneofpeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning.Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylineonlytofindthatmost41
hadstopped.Aftermakingmyway42crowdsofpeople,36.A.break B.flood C.sink D.crash37.A.forced B.refused C.adjusted D.gathered38.A.order B.pay C.call D.search39.A.climate B.scenery C.storm D.burden40.A.used B.promised C.deserved D.happened41.A.practice B.routine C.process D.service42.A.to B.through C.over D.forIfinallyfoundasubwaylinethatwas43.Unfortunately,thereweresomanypeoplewaitingto44thesubwaythatIcouldnotevengetdownthestairstothe45.SoItookthetraingoingintheoppositedirection,andthenswitchbacktothedowntowntrain.Finally,afterwhatseemedlikeanforever,thetrain46mystop.ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain.WhenIfinallygottomyoffice,Iwas47through,exhaustedand48.Myco-workersandIspentmostofthedaydryingoff.Whenitwas5:00pm,Iwasreadytogohome.Iwasabouttoturnoffmycomputer49IreceivedanemailfromGarth,myDirector:43.A.operating B.cycling C.turning D.rushing44.A.check B.carry C.find D.board45.A.street B.ground C.floor D.platform46.A.paused B.crossed C.reached D.parked47.A.wet B.weak C.sick D.hurt48.A.ashamed B.discouragedC.surprised D.puzzled49.A.while B.when C.where D.after
Iwouldliketothankallofyouwhomadetheeffortand50reportedtowork.Itisalwaysreassuring(令人欣慰),attimeslikethese,whenemployeessoclearlyshowtheir51totheirjobs.Thankyou.Garth’semailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.Theemailtaughtmethatafewwordsof53canmakeabigdifference.Therainstormandthetraffic54hadmademetiedandupset.ButGarth’swordsimmediately55meandputasmilebackonmyface.50.A.hardly B.casuallyC.absolutelyD.eventually51.A.devotionB.donationC.connectionD.reaction52.A.accurateB.urgentC.brief D.humorous53.A.promiseB.appreciationC.advice D.guidance54.A.troublesB.signals C.rules D.signs55.A.correctedB.supportedC.amazedD.refreshedPracticemakesperfect.BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglish,notChinese,thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpushedthem37.MymombelievedIwouldlearn38Iwasready.Butthe39nevercame.36.A.customB.gamesC.characters
D.language37.A.ahead
B.around
C.along
D.aside38.A.when
B.before
C.unless
D.until39.A.success
B.study
C.time
D.attemptOnaChineseNewYear’sEve,myunclespoketomeinChinese,butallIcoulddowas40athim,confused,scratchingmyhead.“Stillcan’tspeakChinese?”He41me,“Youcan’tevenbuyafishinChinatown.”40.A.aim
B.joke
C.nod
D.stare41.A.caredabout
B.laughedat
C.arguedwith
D.askedafter“Hey,thisisAmerica,notChina.I’llgetsome42withorwithoutChinese.”Irepliedandturnedtomymomfor43.“Remembertoaskforfreshfish,XinXianYu,”shesaid,handingovera$20bill.I44thewords,runningdownstairsintothestreetsofChinatown.42.A.rightnow
B.fromnow
C.attimes
D.intime43.A.decision
B.permission
C.information
D.preparation44.A.repeated
B.reviewed
C.spelled
D.keptIfoundthefish45surroundedinaseaofcustomers.“I’dliketobuysomefreshfish,”Ishoutedtothefishman.Buthe46myEnglishwordsandturnedtoservethenextcustomer.Thelaughofthepeoplebehindincreased47theirimpatience.45.A.farm
B.stand
C.pond
D.market46.A.guessed
B.forget
C.doubted
D.ignored47.A.byB.as
C.with
D.fromas+句子;with+短語(yǔ)Withevery48,thebreathofthedragons(龍)onmybackgrewstronger—mybloodboiling—49metocryout.“XianShengYu,please.”“VeryXianSheng
,”Irepeated.Thecrowdburstintolaughter.48.A.second
B.effort
C.desire
D.movement49.A.forcing
B.allowing
C.persuading
D.leading秒努力欲望動(dòng)作隨著每一…迫使允許說(shuō)服引導(dǎo)Myfaceturned50andIranbackhome51,exceptforthe$20billIheldtightlyinmypocket.ShouldIlaughorcry?They’reChinese.Ishouldfeelrightat52.Instead,Iwasthejoke.5
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