2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2部分人與社會(huì)主題群2文學(xué)藝術(shù)與體育主題語(yǔ)境4體育活動(dòng)大型體育賽事體育與降體育精神教師用書教案

PAGE主題語(yǔ)境(四)體育活動(dòng)、(大型)體育賽事、體育與健康、體育精神閱讀理解(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ·C)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了競(jìng)走這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的相關(guān)狀況及其與跑步的不同之處。1．Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A．Theymustrunlongdistances.B．Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C．Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D．Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.C[推理推斷題。由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞conditionedathletes可將解題信息定位至其次段，依據(jù)該段中的“Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.”可知，競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)則要求競(jìng)走者的膝關(guān)節(jié)在腿搖擺時(shí)的大部分時(shí)間里伸直，同時(shí)一只腳保持與地面接觸。據(jù)此可知，競(jìng)走者必需遵循一些特別的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)則，故C項(xiàng)正確。]2．Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A．It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B．It'slesschallengingphysically.C．It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D．It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning，suchasrunner'sknee，areuncommonamongracewalkers”可知，一些與跑步有關(guān)的損傷，如跑步者的膝蓋(受傷)，在競(jìng)走者中并不常見。據(jù)此可知，競(jìng)走不太可能導(dǎo)致膝蓋受傷，故D項(xiàng)正確。]3．WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A．Gettingexperts'opinions.B．Havingamedicalcheckup.C．Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D．Doingregularexercises.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique”可知，Norberg博士建議任何希望嘗試競(jìng)走的人或許應(yīng)當(dāng)首先詢問(wèn)下教練或有閱歷的競(jìng)走者，以學(xué)習(xí)正確的技巧，故A項(xiàng)正確。]4．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?A．Skeptical. B．Objective.C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.B[觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，作者提到了競(jìng)走這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處，同時(shí)也指出了它的一些危害，看法是客觀的，故B項(xiàng)正確。]閱讀七選五(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.1Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.·Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.2·Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.3Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.·4Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.·5Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。從工作效率、新陳代謝、睡眠質(zhì)量和飲食習(xí)慣四個(gè)方面介紹了晨練給人們帶來(lái)的好處。1．G[空后一句及接下來(lái)的段落是在講晨練的好處，所以G項(xiàng)“假如你準(zhǔn)備常常熬煉，或者你現(xiàn)在正在熬煉，那就留意聽”符合語(yǔ)境。]2．E[依據(jù)空處前兩句(你的工作效率提高了；熬煉會(huì)讓你更醒悟，并準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付一天中擺在你面前的一切)可知，此空應(yīng)選E項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)后你可以保持頭腦醒悟4－10個(gè)小時(shí)”。moreawake與E項(xiàng)中的clear照應(yīng)。]3．F[由此空后的“getting...thewholeday”與F項(xiàng)中的“burncaloriesthroughouttheday”一樣可知，答案為F項(xiàng)“在你運(yùn)動(dòng)之后，你一成天都在消耗卡路里”。]4．B[此空是本段的中心句，依據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講了晨練對(duì)睡眠的好處，所以選B項(xiàng)“你的睡眠質(zhì)量提高了”?？蘸笠痪渲械摹皊leptbetter”是關(guān)鍵信息。]5．A[依據(jù)本段中的“healthyfood”和“junkfood”與選項(xiàng)A中的diet有關(guān)可知，此空應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)“你會(huì)堅(jiān)持你的飲食(習(xí)慣)”。]完形填空(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam.Thatmeant1MillerKing,whowasthebest2atourschool.FootballseasonstartedinSeptemberandallsummerlongIworkedout.Icarriedmyfootballeverywherefor3.JustbeforeSeptember,Millerwasstruckbyacarandlosthisrightarm.Iwenttoseehimafterhecamebackfrom4.Helookedvery5，buthedidn'tcry.Thatseason,I6allofMiller'srecordswhilehe7thehomegamesfromthebench.Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,8IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller's9.Oneafternoon,IwascrossingthefieldtogohomeandsawMiller10goingoverafence—whichwasn't11toclimbifyouhadbotharms.I'msureIwasthelastpersonintheworldhewantedtoaccept12from.Buteventhatchallengeheaccepted.I13himmoveslowlyoverthefence.Whenwewerefinally14ontheotherside,hesaidtome,“Youknow,Ididn'ttellyouthisduringtheseason,butyoudid15.Thankyouforfillinginfor16.”Hiswordsfreedmefrommybad17.Ithoughttomyself,howevenwithoutanarmhewasmoreofaleader.Damagedbutnotdefeated,hewas18aheadofme.Iwasrighttohave19him.Fromthatdayon,Igrew20andalittlemorereal.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】在學(xué)?！拔摇毕矏厶咦闱?，并且很崇拜MillerKing，但是他因?yàn)檐嚨準(zhǔn)チ擞冶鄱荒軈⑴c競(jìng)賽了?！拔摇贝媪怂?，并且取得了驕人的成果?！拔摇毙睦锔杏X對(duì)不起他，但是他的話讓“我”深受感動(dòng)。1．A.cheeringfor B．beatingoutC．relyingon D．stayingwithB[聯(lián)系空前的“tobecomethestaronourfootballteam”和空后的“whowasthebest...”可知，“我”要成為足球隊(duì)的明星，就意味著要擊敗(beatout)最好的球員MillerKing。]2．A.coach B．studentC．teacher D．playerD[聯(lián)系前文“我要在足球上戰(zhàn)勝M(fèi)illerKing”可知，他是學(xué)校最好的球員(player)。]3．A.practice B．showC．comfort D．pleasureA[聯(lián)系前文“allsummerlongIworkedout”可知，整個(gè)夏天自己都帶著足球，在外練習(xí)(practice)。]4．A.school B．vacationC．hospital D．trainingC[聯(lián)系前文“Millerwasstruckbyacarandlosthisrightarm.”可知，他出車禍，住院了，然后從醫(yī)院(hospital)回來(lái)。]5．A.pale B．calmC．relaxed D．a(chǎn)shamedA[聯(lián)系前文“他剛從醫(yī)院回來(lái)”可知他臉色蒼白(pale)。]6．A.held B．brokeC．set D．triedB[聯(lián)系下文“Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer...”可知，“我”打破(break)了Miller全部的紀(jì)錄。]7．A.reported B．judgedC．organized D．watchedD[聯(lián)系空后的“thehomegamesfromthebench”可知，他坐在凳子上看(watch)競(jìng)賽。]8．A.and B．thenC．but D．thusC[前后兩部分在語(yǔ)意上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此用but。]9．A.decision B．mistakeC．a(chǎn)ccident D．sacrificeC[聯(lián)系空前的“Miller's”以及前文講解并描述的Miller因?yàn)檐嚨溨職埐荒軈⑴c競(jìng)賽的狀況可知，作者總是責(zé)怪自己，因?yàn)镸iller遭受車禍(accident)了自己才有機(jī)會(huì)。]10．A.stuck B．hurtC．tired D．lostA[聯(lián)系后文“whichwasn't________(hard)toclimbifyouhadbotharms”可知，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在失去了右臂，他過(guò)籬笆時(shí)被卡住(stuck)了。]11．A.steady B．hardC．fun D．fitB[聯(lián)系空后的“ifyouhadbotharms”可知，現(xiàn)在他被卡住了，假如有兩只胳膊，過(guò)籬笆對(duì)于他來(lái)說(shuō)，不是難(hard)事。]12．A.praise B．a(chǎn)dviceC．a(chǎn)ssistance D．a(chǎn)pologyC[聯(lián)系下文“I________(helped)himmoveslowlyoverthefence.”可知，“我”幫助了他，但是“我”認(rèn)為他是不想接受“我”的幫助(assistance)。]13．A.let B．helpedC．had D．noticedB[聯(lián)系前文可知，他卡在那里，再聯(lián)系空后“himmoveslowlyoverthefence”可知，“我”幫助(help)他從籬笆上下來(lái)。]14．A.dropped B．readyC．trapped D．safeD[由前文的“moveslowlyoverthefence”和空后的“ontheotherside”可知，最終我們平安(safe)了。]15．A.fine B．wrongC．quickly D．normallyA[聯(lián)系前文“Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer”可知，他說(shuō)“我”做得很好(fine)。]16．A.us B．yourselfC．me D．themC[聯(lián)系空前的“fillingin”可知，因?yàn)镸iller受傷，作者代替了他，此處是Miller說(shuō)的話，所以用me。]17．A.memories B．ideasC．a(chǎn)ttitudes D．dreamsD[聯(lián)系前文“IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblame”可知，他的話讓“我”從這些不好的夢(mèng)(dream)中擺脫出來(lái)。]18．A.still B．a(chǎn)lsoC．yet D．justA[聯(lián)系空前的“Damagedbutnotdefeated”可知，Miller盡管受傷，但是沒有被戰(zhàn)勝，他仍(still)在“我”的前面。]19．A.challenged B．curedC．invited D．a(chǎn)dmiredD[聯(lián)系前文“MillerKing,whowasthebest________(player)atourschool”可知，“我”崇拜(admire)他。]20．A.healthier B．biggerC．cleverer D．coolerB[聯(lián)系空后的“andalittlemorereal”可知，自己慢慢長(zhǎng)大(bigger)。]Ⅰ.寫出所給單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思1．conditionedadj.符合條件的2．straightadj.直的3．physicallyadv.身體地4．a(chǎn)pproximatelyadv.大約；也許5．considerableadv.相當(dāng)大地6．swingv.搖擺7．skepticaladj.懷疑的8．objectiveadj.客觀的9．conservativeadj.保守的10．productivityn.生產(chǎn)力11．energizev.使充溢活力12．crazyadj.瘋狂的13．fencen.籬笆；柵欄14．trainingn.培訓(xùn)；訓(xùn)練15．sacrificev.犧牲Ⅱ.依據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)寫出英文單詞1．eventn.賽事；競(jìng)賽2．weightn.重量3．consultv.請(qǐng)教4．dietn.飲食5．a(chǎn)cceptv.接受6．damagev.損害7．defeatv.擊敗8．judgev.推斷9．praisev.贊揚(yáng)10．memoryn.記憶；記憶力Ⅲ.依據(jù)所給提示寫出派生單詞1．calculatev.計(jì)算；推算→calculationn.計(jì)算；推算2．commonadj.常見的→uncommonadj.稀有的；非凡的3．cautionv.警告n.告誡；謹(jǐn)慎→cautiousadj.當(dāng)心的；謹(jǐn)慎的4．effectn.效果；作用→effectiveadj.有效的5．toleratev.容忍→tolerantadj.寬容的；容忍的6．peacen.和平→peacefuladj.和平的7．healthn.健康→healthyadj.健康的8．regularadj.常常的；有規(guī)律的→regularlyadv.有規(guī)律地9．shamen.慚愧；慚愧→ashamedadj.感到慚愧的Ⅳ.依據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)寫出慣用習(xí)語(yǔ)1．a(chǎn)s_a_result結(jié)果2．work_out熬煉；健身3．prefer_healthy_food_to_fast_food喜愛健康食品而不喜愛快餐4．beat_out擊敗5．be_to_blame_for因某事應(yīng)受指責(zé)/應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任[即時(shí)演練]單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesapersonhealthy(health),wealthyandwise.2．Asforme,Iprefertravelingbytraintotravelingbyplane.3．Judging(judge)fromhisexpression,hehaspassedtheexamination.4．Jennynearlymissedtheflightasaresultofdoingtoomuchshopping.5．Hisbookwas_praised(praise)totheskiesbyallhisfriends,butIdidnotlikeitatall.6．Heisaverycautious(caution)man;healwaysthinksverycarefullybeforehemakesadecision.7．Itisyouaswellasyourwifethataretoblameforyourson'sbadperformanceatschool.8．Thedamaged(damage)shipmanagedwithdifficultytogetbacktoport.9．Wearewillingtoworkwithyoutobringaboutahopefulopeningtowardsapeaceful(peace)settlement.Ⅰ.熟詞生義(寫出句中黑體詞的漢語(yǔ)意思)1．However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.沉重地走2．Yourmetabolismgetsaheadstart.領(lǐng)先；占優(yōu)Ⅱ.似易實(shí)難(將句中黑體詞部分譯成漢語(yǔ))1．Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.[譯文]晨練除了對(duì)身體健康有益之外，還能給我們供應(yīng)額外的好處。2．Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.[譯文]熬煉會(huì)讓你更加神清氣爽，更好地應(yīng)對(duì)一天當(dāng)中發(fā)生的任何事情。Ⅲ.困難晦澀(分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并譯成漢語(yǔ))1．It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.[分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。however前面的部分是says的賓語(yǔ)從句，運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的thisstrangeform是賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass是JaclynNorberg的同位語(yǔ)。[譯文]不過(guò)，馬薩諸塞州塞勒姆州立高校運(yùn)動(dòng)科學(xué)助理教授賈克琳·諾伯格說(shuō)，正是這種奇妙的形式使得競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)成為一項(xiàng)如此有魅力的運(yùn)動(dòng)。2．Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.[分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句子的主句是racewalkerswouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour；movingatapaceofsixmilesperhour是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾racewalkers；whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞800calories；althoughfewerthanrunning是although讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，其后是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞running。[譯文]依據(jù)大多數(shù)的計(jì)算結(jié)果，以時(shí)速6英里競(jìng)走的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，每小時(shí)會(huì)消耗大約800卡路里，這一數(shù)據(jù)雖然比跑步消耗的卡路里少，但卻大約是步行時(shí)所消耗的卡路里的兩倍，跑步每小時(shí)大約消耗1_000卡路里或更多。3．Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.[分析]本句是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句。while連接兩個(gè)并列分句，while后面的分句中whodonotleavetheground為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞racewalkers。[譯文]依據(jù)她的探討，奔跑者每一步都是用他們體重4倍的重量沖擊地面，而競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)員，由于并沒有離開地面，每走一步產(chǎn)生的重量大約只有他們體重的1.4倍。4．Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,butIoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller'saccident.[分析]本句是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句。and和but連接三個(gè)并列分句，but后面的分句中inwhichIwastoblameforMiller'saccident是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞crazydreams。[譯文]我們以10比1獲勝，我當(dāng)選最有價(jià)值球員，但是我常常做噩夢(mèng)，在夢(mèng)里，米勒出車禍都怪我。1．demandn.&v.要求；須要；需求(1)in(great)demand有(很大)需求；廣受歡迎meet/satisfyone'sdemand(s)滿意某人的需求(2)demandsth.of/fromsb.要求某人某事demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事(3)demandingadj.苛求的；費(fèi)勁的demandtoknowthetruth要求了解真相tryourbesttosatisfythecustomers'demand(s)我們盡力滿意顧客的需求[名師點(diǎn)津]demand之后干脆跟不定式，不能說(shuō)demandsb.todosth.。類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：hope,refuse,agree等。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theteachercametotheclassroomanddemandedto_be_told(tell)whatwasgoingonjustnow.②Thisisademanding(demand)jobandasmallmistakecanmakeagreatdifference.③Thestudentsdemandedthatthelibrary(should)_be(be)openatweekends.[實(shí)力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)一般表達(dá)：MoYan'snovelsareneededgreatlyinthiscitysincehewontheNobelPrizeforliterature.高級(jí)表達(dá)：MoYan'snovelsarein_great_demandinthiscitysincehewontheNobelPrizeforliterature.(demandn.)2．a(chǎn)ttituden．看法；看法；姿態(tài)attitudeto/towards...對(duì)……的看法/看法have/holdapositive/negativeattitudeto/towards...對(duì)……持確定/否定的看法ina(n)...attitude以……的姿態(tài)haveapositiveattitudetowardslife對(duì)生活持確定看法takeanoptimisticattitude實(shí)行一種樂觀的看法inaneasyattitude舒適地[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thedirector'sattitudetowards/tothisprogramwilldecidewhatweshoulddonext.②Hesatinanattitudewhichtoanyonewouldhavebeenoneofextremediscomfort.③Whatisyourattitudetowards/toseniorhighstudentstakingupapart-timejob?[實(shí)力提升]——完成句子我個(gè)人認(rèn)為，他對(duì)他人和生活持這樣的看法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。Personally,itiscompletelywrongofhimtobewith_such_an_attitude_towards/to_others_and_life.3．fitadj.健康的；強(qiáng)健的；適合的；能勝任的v．適合；使(衣服)合身；使適應(yīng)；使勝任n．適合；合身(1)keep/stayfit保持健康befitfor適合；勝任befit(forsb.)todo適合(某人)做……(2)fitin(with)(與……)相適應(yīng)；(與……)相協(xié)調(diào)/符合fiton試穿(3)fitnessn.健康(狀況)；適合；勝任developthesenseofkeepingfit增加健身意識(shí)fitinwithourplans適合我們的安排havedifficultyfittinginverysoon很難在短期內(nèi)適應(yīng)[名師點(diǎn)津]suit多指合乎須要、口味、性格、條件、地位、場(chǎng)合、顏色、款式等；match多指色調(diào)、形態(tài)、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配；fit多指大小、形態(tài)的合適。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①It'sjustaninformalparty,soit'snotfitforyouto_dress(dress)likethat.②Itisgenerallyagreedthatcyclingcontributesgreatlytopeople'sphysicalfitness(fit)．③Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidn'tseemtofitin,soshehadtoleave.[實(shí)力提升]——完成句子我妹妹特別喜愛孩子，因此她特別適合幼兒園老師的工作。Mysisterloveschildrenverymuch,sosheis_quite_fit_for_the_jobasakindergartenteacher.4．stickv．粘住；卡住n.手杖；棍棒(1)stickto堅(jiān)持；信守stickat堅(jiān)持不懈stickaround逗留stickout伸出；突出(2)be/getstuckin被困在……bestuckwith被……纏住無(wú)法擺脫sticktoyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity堅(jiān)持你上重點(diǎn)高校的幻想beginstickingaroundtochat起先留下來(lái)閑聊bestuckinthetrafficjam陷入交通堵塞[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Ihatedpractisingplayingthepiano,butIstucktoitandnowIcanplayprettywell.②IcouldseeoneendoftheletterstickingoutofJohn'spocket.③Willyouhelpmewiththismathematicalproblem?Iamstuckwithit.[實(shí)力提升]——一句多譯消防隊(duì)員設(shè)法救出來(lái)一個(gè)被困在大火中的女孩。①Thefirefightersmanagedtosaveagirlwho/that_was_stuck_in_the_big_fire.(定語(yǔ)從句)②Thefirefightersmanagedtosaveagirlstuck_in_the_big_fire.(分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“被困在……”的短語(yǔ)還有：be/getcaughtin;be/gettrappedin;be/getlockedin;be/getblockedin等。5．strikevt.(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)攻擊；突然想到；擊中；撞擊；敲鐘；擦燃(火柴)；打動(dòng)n.(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)攻擊；罷工[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中strike的含義①Igotstruckbythesceneryaroundthelakeanddecidedtostayforanotherday.打動(dòng)②ThefirsttimeIstruckamatchIwasfulloffearofgettingburnt.擦燃(火柴)③IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning.敲鐘④Itgavemeashockthatanapplefelloffthetreeandstruckmeonthehead.擊中⑤Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown.罷工(1)sth.strikessb.某人突然想到……Itstrikessb.that...某人突然想到……bestruckby被……打動(dòng)；癡迷……strikesb.on/on＋the＋身體部位擊打某人某部位(2)goon/beonstrike實(shí)行/在罷工(3)strikingadj.引人注目的，吸引人的bestruckbythebeautyofthecountry被鄉(xiāng)村美景打動(dòng)goonstrikeinprotestingagainsttheincident實(shí)行罷工來(lái)抗議這起事務(wù)beinhospitalafterbeingstruckbyacar被車撞傷后住進(jìn)了醫(yī)院[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Struck/Stricken(strike)bythemudslide,thetownwascutofffromtheoutside.②Itstruckmethatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.③Itsuddenlystruck(strike)methatIhadn'tlockedmydoor.[實(shí)力提升]——句式升級(jí)一般表達(dá)：Iwasstruckbyhisinspiringwords,andIdecidedtocooperatewithhim.高級(jí)表達(dá)：Struck_by_his_inspiring_words,Idecidedtocooperatewithhim.(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))6．calmadj.安靜的；冷靜的v.使安靜；鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)n.安靜，安靜(1)calmoneself(使)自己安靜下來(lái)calm(sb.)down(使某人)安靜下來(lái)，冷靜下來(lái)(2)keep/stay/remaincalm保持冷靜(3)calmlyadv.安靜地；冷靜地keepcalminanemergency在緊急狀況下保持冷靜inthecalmsurfaceofthelake在安靜的湖面上acceptherdecisionwithhisusualcalm以他慣有的鎮(zhèn)靜接受了她的確定[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thepolicefoundthatitwasdifficulttocalmdowntheangrycrowd.②Shewasbreathingdeeplyandtriedtocalmherself(she)．③Itriedto_keep(keep)calmlywhenfacingsuchavariedsituation.[實(shí)力提升]——一句多譯在這種狀態(tài)下，嬰兒很難安靜下來(lái)。①Inthisstate,itisdifficultforthebabytokeep/stay/remain_clam.(calmadj.)②Inthisstate,thebabyisdifficulttocalm_down.(calmv．)7．trapv.儲(chǔ)存；留存；設(shè)陷阱捕獲；使陷入逆境n.陷阱；圈套；陰謀；埋伏(1)be/gettrappedin被困在……trapo(doing)sth.誘騙某人(做)某事(2)fallinto/becaughtinatrap掉進(jìn)陷阱；落入圈套set/layatrapfor為……設(shè)圈套betrappedintheburninghouse被困在著火的房子里betrappedintoacceptingthetermsofthecontract被誘騙接受這份合同的條款walkintothetraplaidforhim走進(jìn)為他設(shè)的陷阱[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Trapped(trap)inthethicksnow,thetruckcouldn'tmoveabit.②Theshopkeepertrappedmeintobuying(buy)theirpoorqualitymilk.③Thereliefteamtriedtheirbesttorescuethoseminerstrapped(trap)underthemine.[實(shí)力提升]——一句多譯因?yàn)楸焕г诹穗娞堇?，他上學(xué)遲到了。①Because_he_was_trapped_in_the_lift,hewaslateforschool.(狀語(yǔ)從句)②Trapped_in_the_lift,hewaslateforschool.(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking...依據(jù)大多數(shù)計(jì)算，以每小時(shí)六英里的速度移動(dòng)的競(jìng)走者每小時(shí)會(huì)消耗大約800卡路里，這大約是他們走路燃燒的兩倍……[句型公式]twiceasmanyas是倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，意為“是……的兩倍”。常見的倍數(shù)句型：(1)...倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.的原級(jí)＋as...(2)...倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.的比較級(jí)＋than...(3)...倍數(shù)＋the＋性質(zhì)名詞(size/length/width/height/depth...)＋of...[名師點(diǎn)津]表示“兩倍”時(shí)用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”表達(dá)。句子中表示倍數(shù)也可以用分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、half等其他程度狀語(yǔ)。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theresearchshowsthatindoorairpollutionistentimesgreater(great)thanoutdoorpollution.②Thishillisfourtimestheheightofthatsmallone.③It'ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwicelarger(large)thanwhatitwasbefore.[實(shí)力提升]——一句多譯我的農(nóng)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展成了一個(gè)大農(nóng)場(chǎng)，是原來(lái)的3倍大。①M(fèi)yfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_as_big_asthepreviousone.(同級(jí)比較)②Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_bigger_thanthepreviousone.(比較級(jí))③Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_the_size_ofthepreviousone.(the＋名詞＋of)夯基固本·學(xué)問(wèn)落實(shí)Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Myfathercamedownstairsanddemandedto_know(know)whatwasgoingon.2．ThefirsttimeImetthesmartgirl,Iwas_stricken/struck(strike)byherwisdom.3．Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacar_stuck(stick)inapoolbythesideoftheroad.4．Wetriedtodiscussthemattercalmly(calm)andreasonably.5．Thefirefightersweretryingtorescuethosetrapped(trap)intheburninghotel.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~1．Sincewaitersarestillindemand,Iwanttoapplyfortheposition.2．Theoldrailwaybetweenthetwocitiesisthreetimesthelengthofthenewhigh-speedrailway.3．It'sthefirsttimehehastakenupmarketing;I'mnotsurewhetherhewillfitin.4．Hewroteaseriesofarticles,hopingtochangepeople'sattitudetowards/tothedisabled.5．It'sbecomingatrendformodernpeopletoworkoutinthegym.強(qiáng)技提能·學(xué)問(wèn)應(yīng)用Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·開封市一模)OnaMondaymorning，backin2015，Irememberedparkingmycaroutsidemydoctor'sclinicinBroadwater，WesternAustralia.Ifelt1andIcarefullypracticedwhatIwantedtotellmydoctor.Heartbreak，sorrowandthelossofacompletefamilyleftmenotcopingwell.Iwas2.Ihadtriedtopickmyselfup，triedtothrowmyselfintomyworkasaneducatorinbefore-andafter-schoolcare，andalsotriedtofocusonmyart.3theseefforts，mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway.Itkeptgrowinglikeacancerinmyinnerworld.Iwantedanormal4.Iwantedtobeashealthyasmyson，Kai，whowasdependingonme.Itookafewdeepbreathsandwentintotheclinicformy5.AfterIreturnedtomycar，Ishutthedoorandstarted6uncontrollably.MydoctorsaidIhadseveredepression.Ineededtotakeantidepressants(抗抑郁藥)．Ihadtomakesomebig7togetbetter.Stillsobbing，Iwas8tohearaknockonmycardoor.Aslimladywithshortfairhair9openeditandbegantospeakcalmlyandkindlytome.“Idon'tknowwhatyou'reexperiencingrightnow.Butknowthis，Iwishyouwell.Ibelieveyouwillbe10andwhatyouaregoingthroughwillpass，”shesaid.“CanIgiveyouahug？”ThereIwas，aweepingmess,11acceptingthiskindstranger'scomfortinghug.AllImanagedtoreplyinachoked(哽咽的)voicewas“Thankyou”．Thiswasthemostsignificantactof12thatI'veeverexperiencedfromastranger.Itgavemehope.My13startedrightthere.Aboutayearlater，Ibumpedintothesamekind14attheopeningofanartexhibition.She15meandsmiled.ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell.Wehuggedagain，andoncemoreIcouldexpressmyappreciationforheract.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者遭受家庭變故后變得異樣郁悶，去診所看醫(yī)生時(shí)，被醫(yī)生診斷為嚴(yán)峻抑郁。作者從診所出來(lái)后坐在車?yán)锟奁晃簧璧呐縿裎苛俗髡卟⒔o了作者一個(gè)擁抱，作者從那時(shí)起先好轉(zhuǎn)。一年后，作者再次偶遇那位女士，那位女士也認(rèn)出了作者并對(duì)作者微笑。作者再次和那位女士擁抱并表達(dá)了自己的感謝之情。1．A.confident B．proudC．nervous D．patientC[依據(jù)空后的“IcarefullypracticedwhatIwantedtotellmydoctor”可推知，作者在面對(duì)醫(yī)生之前很驚慌。]2．A.ashamed B．a(chǎn)stonishedC．depressed D．confusedC[依據(jù)上文中的“Heartbreak，sorrowandthelossofacompletefamilyleftmenotcopingwell”可知，作者在這種狀況下應(yīng)是很懊喪，與下文“mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway”呼應(yīng)。]3．A.Without B．DespiteC．Beyond D．ThroughB[依據(jù)空后的“mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway”可知，盡管做出了這些努力，但作者的抑郁并沒有消逝。]4．A.excuse B．lifeC．job D．rewardB[依據(jù)空后的“Iwantedtobeashealthyasmyson...”和語(yǔ)境可知，作者想要一種正常的生活。]5．A.school B．neighborhoodC．house D．a(chǎn)ppointmentD[依據(jù)上文的“Irememberedparkingmycaroutsidemydoctor'sclinic”和語(yǔ)境可知，作者上文是在交代自己去看醫(yī)生之前的心理狀態(tài)和故事背景，此處表示作者深呼吸，然后進(jìn)入診所赴約。]6．A.coughing B．weepingC．laughing D．shakingB[依據(jù)下文的“Stillsobbing”可知，作者看完醫(yī)生后回到車?yán)锲鹣仁Э乜奁?。]7．A.preparations B．commentsC．changes D．contributionsC[依據(jù)本句中的“togetbetter”和語(yǔ)境可知，作者必需做出一些大的變更才能夠有所改善。]8．A.surprised B．delightedC．disappointed D．excitedA[依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，一位生疏的女士來(lái)敲作者的車門，這讓作者感到很意外。]9．A.quickly B．madlyC．gently D．casuallyC[結(jié)合本句中的“speakcalmlyandkindlytome”可知，那位女士應(yīng)是輕輕地打開作者的車門。]10．A.leftbehind B．lookedafterC．calledon D．turnedoffB[依據(jù)上文的“Iwishyouwell”和上文作者去看醫(yī)生可知，那位女士告知作者，“我信任你將得到照看，你正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的終將過(guò)去”。]11．A.calmly B．eagerlyC．unwillingly D．gratefullyD[依據(jù)下文的“Thankyou”可推知，作者心懷感謝地接受了這個(gè)生疏人賜予的令人勸慰的擁抱。]12．A.courage B．kindnessC．wisdom D．devotionB[依據(jù)上文一位生疏的女士勸慰作者并給了作者一個(gè)擁抱可知，此處表示這是作者經(jīng)驗(yàn)的來(lái)自一個(gè)生疏人的最重要的善舉。]13．A.treatment B．experimentC．recovery D．a(chǎn)dventureC[依據(jù)上文的“Itgavemehope”和下文中的“ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell”可知，此處表示作者從那時(shí)起先復(fù)原。]14．A.lady B．doctorC．educator D．girlA[依據(jù)上文的“Aslimlady”和本句中的“thesame”可推知，作者一年后又偶遇了那位女士。]15．A.recognized B．forgaveC．understood D．comfortedA[依據(jù)本句中的“andsmiled”和“ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell”可推知，那位女士也認(rèn)出了作者。]Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·濟(jì)南市模擬)TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamonceachievedgreathonorlastcentury,1.________inspiredsomanypeoplethroughoutthewholecountry.Butduringthelastdecade,astheoldvolleyballplayersretired2.________thenewoneswerenotstrongenough,theteammetwithvarious3.________(difficulty).After4.________(win)animportantmatch,theChinesewomen'svolleyballteamannounced5.________(they)return.TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamhadaveryimportantmatch6.________theBrazilteamintheRioOlympicGames.Thehopetowinwasverylittle,becausetheBrazilteamwasthechampionoflasttwoOlympicGamesandtheChineseteamonlywononematchforthelast18records.What'smore,almostalltheaudience7.________(support)theBrazilteam.Itseemedthattowinthematchwas8.________(possible)fortheChineseteam,butundertheguidanceofcoachLang,thegirlswereverystronganddetermined9.________(fight)forthelastminute.Evenwhentheylostthefirstgame,theynevergaveup.Especiallyforthelasttwopoints,theyweresobraveand10.________(final)wonthematch.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述的是中國(guó)女排戰(zhàn)勝巴西隊(duì)，獲得奧運(yùn)冠軍的故事。1．which[考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處which是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的整個(gè)句子。]2．a(chǎn)nd[考查并列連詞。此處前后文是并列關(guān)系，意思是：由于老的排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員退役了，并且新的排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員不夠強(qiáng)。]3．difficulties[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處difficulties是名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示泛指，作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)。]4．winning[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處winning是動(dòng)詞-ing形式，用作介詞after的賓語(yǔ)。]5．their[考查代詞。此處their是形容詞性物主代詞，用作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞return。]6．a(chǎn)gainst[考查介詞。此處against是介詞，意思是“(體育競(jìng)賽)對(duì)陣”。]7．supported[考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。此處supported是過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。]8．impossible[考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處impossible是形容詞“不行能的”。中國(guó)隊(duì)好像不行能贏得這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。]9．tofight[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處tofight是動(dòng)詞不定式；bedeterminedtodosth.的意思是“決心做某事”。]10．finally[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處finally是副詞，用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞won。]話題寫作Step1.寫作要點(diǎn)(依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全所給的英文句子)①現(xiàn)在喜愛運(yùn)動(dòng)員的粉絲人數(shù)在增加。Nowadaysthenumberoffanswho_like_athletes_is_on_the_increase.②其中最受歡迎的是一名在競(jìng)賽中表現(xiàn)精彩的游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。One_of_the_favourite_athletesisaswimmerwhoperformed_well_in_the_competition.③即使她必需與很多有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的選手競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，但她始終主動(dòng)樂觀。Evenifshehadtocompete_against_many_competitive_swimmers,sheremainedpositive.④競(jìng)賽很激烈，很多對(duì)手比她有優(yōu)勢(shì)，但她努力進(jìn)入了決賽。Althoughthe_competition_was_toughandmany_competitors_had_an_advantage_over_her,shemanagedto_enter_the_final.⑤當(dāng)她被宣布是冠軍時(shí)，她驚訝地站了起來(lái)。Whenshewas_declared_to_be_the_champion,sherose_to_her_feet,surprised.⑥她樂觀的看法保證了她在競(jìng)賽中的勝利。Herpositiveattitudeguaranteed_her_success_in_the_competition.Step2.表達(dá)升級(jí)(變更所給句子的結(jié)構(gòu)以使表達(dá)升級(jí))①用狀語(yǔ)從句的省略改寫句⑤When_declared_to_be_the_champion,_she_rose_to_her_fe