廣東省惠州市惠城區(qū)惠州中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題（解析版）

惠州中學(xué)2023級高二年級上學(xué)期期中考試英語科試卷卷面滿分120分,考試用時120分鐘第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACallingAllHighSchoolStudentsApplytoTheDaily’sSummer2023JournalismWorkshop!!ClickhereforanapplicationformTheapplicationdeadlinehasbeenextendedtoJune2at11:59pm.Joinusforourannualsummereight-weekjournalismworkshop!TheprogramrunsfromJune26toAugust18,2023.Inourprogram,we’llteachhighschoolersthefundamentalsthroughreal-worldreportingtasks.SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!Wehaveall-newcontentandguestspeakerswithfreshandexcitingperspectivestobringtothetable.Itisopentoparticipantsofallskilllevels—oureditorswillworkwithyouatwhateverpaceyou’recomfortablewithandgetyouuptospeedregardlessofyourlevelofexperience.Overthecourseoftheeight-weekjournalismworkshop,participantswillgethands-onexperienceintheend-to-endprocessofnewsreporting,including:Howtofindstoriesandassess(評估)theirnewsworthinessHowtoidentifyandinterviewsourcesHowtocreatewell-structured,interestingnewspiecesHowtowritebreakingnewsInadditiontowriting,studentswillhavetheopportunitytolearnmultimediaanddigitalskills,ultimatelygainingexposuretothecomplete,real,end-to-endexperienceofworkinginjournalism.1Whatisthepurposeofthejournalismworkshop?A.Toexposehighschoolerstotherealworld.B.TobringTheStanfordDailytoalargeraudience.C.ToselectpotentialwritersforTheStanfordDaily.D.Toequiphighschoolerswithskillsofnewsreporting.2.Whatcanparticipantsdointheworkshop?A.Startupanewswritingwebsite.B.ChairweeklymeetingsofDaily’seditors.C.AssesstheworkofDaily’sjournalists.D.Getpersonalizedguidancefromprofessionals.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anactivityschedule. B.Anonlineadvertisement.C.Acoursereview. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是《每日新聞》2023年夏季新聞工作坊的招募廣告?！?題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!(即使你以前和我們一起做過一個項目，你一定會學(xué)到新的技能，遇到新的挑戰(zhàn)，并提高你的新聞技能！)”可知，新聞研討會的目的是培養(yǎng)中學(xué)生新聞報道技能。故選D。【2題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.(一些作者甚至有機會在《斯坦福日報》的網(wǎng)站上發(fā)表他們的作品，因為他們在每周的簽到會議和課程中得到《日報》編輯的一對一指導(dǎo))”可知，參加者可以在工作坊中獲得專業(yè)人士的個性化指導(dǎo)。故選D。【3題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Clickhereforanapplicationform(按此索取申請表格)”可推知，本文是一篇網(wǎng)上的廣告。故選B。BThe“GotTalent”crewisoneofthepioneersinfindingandpublicizingmusictalentandhasbeengivingtheworldsomeofitsmostfavoriteartistsforalmosttwodecades.In2023,“Britain’sGotTalent”(BGT)uncoveredamusicalgeniusnamedMalakaiBayohwhoimpressedtheaudiencewithperfecthigh-notesinging.TheLondon-based13-year-oldboyappearedfortheshow’saudition(海選)inApril,2023andwasaccompaniedbyhismomandsister.“Mybigdreamistobeanoperasinger.Istartedsingingat7,”saidMalakaitotheBGTteam.Hethenaddedjokingly,“Mymommademejointhechoirbecauseshe’sverybossy.”Theteenagermentionedshewashisbiggestfan.Malakai’smomwasworriedashewasabouttoperformandsaid,“Itscaresmebecause,onhisfirstshow,somebodyheckled(對……起哄)him.Itwassadtoseesomeonebooachildonstagebecauseitmightdestroyhisconfidencecompletely.”Contrarytohismom’sfear,Malakaisetthestageonfiresingingabeautifulsongandtheentirecrowdwasimpressedbyhisamazingvoice.Asheendedhissong,theaudienceandthejudgesgavehimabigroundofapplause.TheperformancewonhimSimonCowell’sGoldenBuzzer,sendinghimstraighttothesemi-finalsoftheshow.TheotherjudgescalledMalakai’sperformance“perfect”and“heavenly”Hisangelicvoiceblewtheaudienceawayandthejudgesthankedtheteenforcomingtotheshow.MalakaiwentontobecomeoneofthefinalistsoftheshowandsignedarecorddealwithUniversalMusic.Malakai’sauditionattheBGTwentviralonsocialmedia,“I’matrainedsinger,andamusicteacherbyprofession,andsangthissongasayoungperformermyself.IcansaywithabsolutecertaintythisisthebestI’veeverheardthissongsung,withpropertechniqueandproperbreathing.Thisboyisagiftedsinger,”@mayacorinne878posted.4.WhatmadeMalakai’smomfeelworried?A.Thejudge’sexpression. B.Herson’sperformanceonstage.C.Abadexperience. D.Herson’sdifficultyinsinginginpublic.5.Whatdoesthephrase“setthestageonfire”inparagraph3implyaboutMalakai’sperformance?A.Heaccidentallycausedaliteralfireduringhisperformance.B.Hisperformancewasextremelypassionateandenergetic.C.Hisperformancereceivedthelowestratingpossible.D.Herefusedtoperformunlesscertainconditionsweremet.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMalakai’stalent?A.Hehasaveragetalentbutiswell-receivedduetohisage.B.Hehasexceptionaltalentthatisrecognizedbybothprofessionalsandthepublic.C.Hehastalent,buthisperformancewasnotenoughtosendhimtothesemi-finals.D.Helackstalent,buthisstorytouchedtheheartsoftheaudience.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseofayoungoperasinger. B.Theimpactofsocialmediaonmusictalent.C.Thehistoryof“GotTalent”shows. D.Thechallengesfacedbyyoungperformers.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了一個音樂天才的發(fā)掘。2023年，《英國達人秀》發(fā)掘了一位名叫MalakaiBayoh的音樂天才，他以完美的高音演唱給觀眾留下了深刻印象。他的天賦不僅得到了評委和觀眾們的認可，也得到了專業(yè)音樂人士的認可?！?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Malakai’smomwasworriedashewasabouttoperformandsaid,“Itscaresmebecause,onhisfirstshow,somebodyheckledhim.Itwassadtoseesomeonebooachildonstagebecauseitmightdestroyhisconfidencecompletely.”(Malakai的媽媽在他要表演的時候很擔(dān)心，她說：“這讓我很害怕，因為在他第一次表演的時候，有人起哄?？吹接腥嗽谂_上噓一個孩子，我很難過，因為這可能會徹底摧毀他的信心。”)”可知，Malakai第一次在臺上表演時遭遇了不好的對待，這樣的經(jīng)歷讓Malakai的媽媽對他將要進行的表演感到擔(dān)心。故選C項?！?題】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“theentirecrowdwasimpressedbyhisamazingvoice.Asheendedhissong,theaudienceandthejudgesgavehimabigroundofapplause.(……整個人群都被他驚人的聲音所打動。當(dāng)他結(jié)束他的歌曲時，觀眾和評委給了他熱烈的掌聲。)”可知，他的演唱將觀眾打動，觀眾和評委給他以熱烈的掌聲，由此推知，他的表演應(yīng)該是充滿激情和魅力的，因此可推知，使用“setthestageonfire”應(yīng)是表明他的表演充滿激情和魅力，就像在舞臺上放了一把火，燃起了觀眾的共鳴。故選B項。【6題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“TheotherjudgescalledMalakai’sperformance‘perfect’and‘heavenly’.Hisangelicvoiceblewtheaudienceawayandthejudgesthankedtheteenforcomingtotheshow.(其他評委稱馬拉凱的表現(xiàn)“完美”、“天籟”。他天使般的聲音震撼了觀眾，評委們也感謝了這位少年的到來。)”以及第五段內(nèi)容“I’matrainedsinger,andamusicteacherbyprofession,andsangthissongasayoungperformermyself.IcansaywithabsolutecertaintythisisthebestI’veeverheardthissongsung,withpropertechniqueandproperbreathing.Thisboyisagiftedsinger...(我是一名訓(xùn)練有素的歌手，也是一名音樂教師，我自己年輕時就唱了這首歌。我可以絕對肯定地說，這是我聽過這首歌唱得最好的一次，技巧和呼吸都很到位。這個男孩是一個有天賦的歌手……)”可知，他的表演不僅被評委認為是“完美的，天籟的”，他的聲音也震撼了觀眾，而且還受到了專業(yè)人士的肯定。由此可推知，他有杰出的才能，得到了專業(yè)人士和公眾的認可。故選B項?！?題】主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章第一段內(nèi)容“In2023,‘Britain’sGotTalent’(BGT)uncoveredamusicalgeniusnamedMalakaiBayohwhoimpressedtheaudiencewithperfecthigh-notesinging.(2023年，《英國達人秀》發(fā)掘了一位名叫MalakaiBayoh的音樂天才，他以完美的高音演唱給觀眾留下了深刻印象。)”揭示了文章的主要內(nèi)容，即，文章主要講述了一個有著完美高音的音樂天才MalakaiBayoh的發(fā)掘。故選A項。CForadultswhohavestruggledwithunderstandingnewmathhomeworkorsurprisedathowquicklykidscanlearnasecondlanguage,thereisnewevidencethatshowskidscanreallylearnthingsmuchfasterthanadults.AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA.Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromBrownUniversityusedneuro-imagingtechniquestoexaminevisualperceptive(視覺感知的)learninginelementaryschool-agedchildrenandadults.Participantswereshownanumberofdifferentimagesandwerelateraskedquestionsaboutthemfollowingthetest.VisuallearningcausedanincreaseofGABAinchildren’svisualcortex,theareaofthebrainthatprocessesvisualinformation.However,GABAlevelsdidn’tchangeintheadultswhotookthesamevisualtests.Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.”saidSebastianM.Frank,theco-authorofthestudy.“OurresultsthereforepointtoGABAasakeyplayerinmakinglearningmoreefficientinchildren.”Theseresults,theauthorsargue,shouldencourageteachersandparentstokeepgivingchildrenopportunitiestolearnanythingfromridingabiketoplayinganinstrumentthroughouttheirchildhood.Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.8.What’sthefunctionofGABA?A.Sendspecificmessagestothebrain. B.Dealwithcomplexmathproblems.C.Makethenervoussystemmoreactive. D.Increaseefficiencyinlearningnewthings.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthechildrentakingthevisualtest?A.TheirGABAconcentrationskeptincreasingaftertraining.B.Theirlearningabilitiesstillneededtobeimproved.C.Theycouldremembermoreimagesthanadults.D.Theyweresurpassedbyadultsinlearningabilities.10.Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch?A.Bycomparingparticipants’reaction. B.Byanalyzingstatistics.C.Bycollectingrelativeevidence. D.Byconductingonlinesurvey11.WhatdoesTakeoWatanabewanttosayinthelastparagraph?A.Neuro-scientistsdon’tfullyunderstandbrainmaturityinchildren.B.Childrenarenotmatureintheirbehaviorandcognition.C.Ittakesalongtimeforchildren’sbrainstobefullymature.D.Children’sbrainmaturitydoesnotaffecttheirlearningabilities.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了對于那些很難理解新的數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)或?qū)⒆訉W(xué)習(xí)第二語言的速度感到驚訝的成年人來說，有新的證據(jù)表明，孩子學(xué)習(xí)東西的速度真的比成年人快得多。解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過和發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA.Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.(發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兒童和成人大腦中一種名為γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的關(guān)鍵信使的濃度不同。這種信使通過阻斷身體中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中的特定信號來減慢大腦的速度。它還具有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，被認為在控制與焦慮、壓力和恐懼相關(guān)的神經(jīng)細胞的過度活動方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。所有這些都有助于學(xué)習(xí)新事物)”可知，GABA的功能是提高學(xué)習(xí)新事物的效率。故選D。【9題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.(此外，兒童參與者在訓(xùn)練結(jié)束后的幾個小時內(nèi)GABA的濃度都在增加，而成人參與者的GABA濃度則保持不變)”可知，參加視力測試的孩子訓(xùn)練后GABA濃度持續(xù)升高。故選A?！?0題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.(在隨后的行為實驗中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們在一段時間內(nèi)確實比成年人學(xué)到了更多的東西)”可知，研究人員通過比較參與者的反應(yīng)進行研究。故選A?！?1題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)也可能改變神經(jīng)科學(xué)家對兒童大腦成熟度的看法。研究報告的合著者TakeoWatanabe說：“雖然兒童的大腦還沒有完全成熟，他們的許多行為和認知功能還沒有成年人那么有效，但總的來說，兒童的學(xué)習(xí)能力并沒有被成年人超越?！?”可知，TakeoWatanabe在最后一段想說兒童大腦的成熟度并不影響他們的學(xué)習(xí)能力。故選D。DArtificialintelligence(AI)modelshavelongsurpassedjustcreatingtextresponsesandimages.Now,withonlyonesentence,OpenAI’slatesttext-to-videomodel,Sora,canturnyourwordsintovideowithgoodvisualqualitywhilefaithfullyfollowingyourcontentinstructions.Soraissaidtobesuperiortomanyotherexistingmodelswithsimilarfunctions.TheAImodelcancreatevideosatsuitableaspectratios(屏幕高寬比)fordifferentdevices.Italsoletsusersquicklytestoutcontentinlowerqualitybeforemakingthehigh-qualityversion,whichhelpsspeedupoutputaccordingtotheuser’srequests.Asidefromthis,itsabilitytopresentvideosinarealisticandsmoothmannerisastonishing.Soracancreatedetailedsceneswithseveralcharacters,specifictypesofmotion,andaccuratesubjectandbackgrounddetails.Beyondtheuser’srequests,italsounderstandshowtheseelementsexistintherealworld.Forexample,reflectionsinthewaterchangeasawomanwalksby.Sora’samazingperformancewouldn’tbepossiblewithoutitshelpfulassistant,ChatGPT,whichtransformssimplesentencesintodetaileddescriptions,improvingtheaccuracyofoutput.However,thecurrentmodelisn’tperfect.Itmayhavetroubleaccuratelyshowinghowthingsmoveinacomplicatedsceneandmightnotgethowoneactionleadstoanother.Forexample,ifsomeoneeatspartofacookieinaSora-madevideo,thecookiemightnotlooklikeit’sbeenbitteninto.Themodelmightmixupdirectionsandfindithardtodescribeeventsintherightorder.OnepossiblereasonisthatSoralearnseachbasicunitofavideo,knownasaspacetimepatch(時空補丁),independently.Soraisstillinthetestingstageofdevelopment.OpenAIisnowinvitingnetworksecurityprofessionalstomakerandomattacksonSora’ssystem,aimingtotestthemodel’spossibleweaknessesandrisks.Sorahasalsobeenopentosomevisualartists,designersandfilmmakers.TheirfeedbackwillassistOpenAIinenhancingthemodeltobetterservecreativeprofessionals.12.Whatisthemainfocusofparagraph2and3?A.Sora’sdevelopment. B.Sora’sdiversity.C.Sora’scapabilities. D.Sora’spopularity.13.Whydoestheauthorprovidetheexampleinparagraph5?A.TohighlightSora’spotentialsafetyrisks. B.ToillustrateSora’sexistinglimitations.C.ToshowcaseSora’sperfectperformance. D.Toexplaintheconceptofaspacetimepatch.14.WhatcanweknowaboutSorauptonow?A.Ithasbeenmadeavailabletovariousindustries. B.Itscommercialreleasehasbeencalledoff.C.Ithasexposedalarmingsecurityissues. D.Itisundergoingtestingandimprovement.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Sora:Leadthewayincreatingvideos B.Sora:SurpassexistingChatGPTC.Sora:Generatearichvarietyofvideos D.Sora:Aperfecttext-to-videoAImodel【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了最新的文本到視頻模型Sora可以將文字轉(zhuǎn)換為視覺質(zhì)量良好的視頻，同時忠實地遵循您的內(nèi)容說明，文章講述了這個視頻模型的優(yōu)勢以及局限性?！?2題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Soraissaidtobesuperiortomanyotherexistingmodelswithsimilarfunctions.TheAImodelcancreatevideosatsuitableaspectratios(屏幕高寬比)fordifferentdevices.Italsoletsusersquicklytestoutcontentinlowerqualitybeforemakingthehigh-qualityversion,whichhelpsspeedupoutputaccordingtotheuser’srequests.(據(jù)說Sora比許多具有類似功能的其他現(xiàn)有型號優(yōu)越。人工智能模型可以為不同的設(shè)備創(chuàng)建合適的長寬比視頻。它還允許用戶在制作高質(zhì)量版本之前快速測試低質(zhì)量的內(nèi)容，這有助于根據(jù)用戶的要求加快輸出速度)”以及第三段“Asidefromthis,itsabilitytopresentvideosinarealisticandsmoothmannerisastonishing.(除此之外，它以逼真和流暢的方式呈現(xiàn)視頻的能力令人驚訝)”可知，這兩段主要講述Sora的能力。故選C。【13題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“However,thecurrentmodelisn’tperfect.Itmayhavetroubleaccuratelyshowinghowthingsmoveinacomplicatedsceneandmightnotgethowoneactionleadstoanother.(然而，目前的模式并不完美。它可能無法準(zhǔn)確地顯示復(fù)雜場景中的事物如何移動，也可能無法理解一個動作如何導(dǎo)致另一個動作)”以及接下來的例子“Forexample,ifsomeoneeatspartofacookieinaSora-madevideo,thecookiemightnotlooklikeit’sbeenbitteninto.Themodelmightmixupdirectionslikeleftandright,andfindithardtodescribeeventsintherightorder.(例如，如果有人在Sora制作的視頻中吃了一部分餅干，餅干可能看起來不像被咬過。模型可能會混淆方向，如左和右，并發(fā)現(xiàn)很難以正確的順序描述事件)”可推斷，下文的例子是為了說明Sora的局限性。故選B?！?4題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Soraisstillinthetestingstageofdevelopment.OpenAIisnowinvitingnetworksecurityprofessionalstomakerandomattacksonSora’ssystem,aimingtotestthemodel’spossibleweaknessesandrisks.Sorahasalsobeenopentosomevisualartists,designersandfilmmakers.TheirfeedbackwillassistOpenAIinenhancingthemodeltobetterservecreativeprofessionals.(Sora仍處于測試開發(fā)階段。OpenAI現(xiàn)在正在邀請網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全專家對Sora的系統(tǒng)進行隨機攻擊，旨在測試該模型可能存在的弱點和風(fēng)險。Sora也向一些視覺藝術(shù)家、設(shè)計師和電影制作人開放。他們的反饋將有助于OpenAI改進模型，更好地為創(chuàng)意專業(yè)人士服務(wù))”可知，Sora正在進行測試和改進。故選D?！?5題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)modelshavelongsurpassedjustcreatingtextresponsesandimages.Now,withonlyonesentence,OpenAI’slatesttext-to-videomodel,Sora,canturnyourwordsintovideowithgoodvisualqualitywhilefaithfullyfollowingyourcontentinstructions.(人工智能模型早已不僅僅是創(chuàng)建文本響應(yīng)和圖像?，F(xiàn)在，只需一句話，OpenAI最新的文本到視頻模型Sora就可以將您的文字轉(zhuǎn)換為視覺質(zhì)量良好的視頻，同時忠實地遵循您的內(nèi)容說明)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了最新的文本到視頻模型Sora可以將文字轉(zhuǎn)換為視覺質(zhì)量良好的視頻，同時忠實地遵循您的內(nèi)容說明，文章講述了這個視頻模型的優(yōu)勢以及局限性?？芍?，A選項“Sora：引領(lǐng)視頻創(chuàng)作”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Beingagoodfriendisn’talwayseasy.Nevertheless,takingthetimetodevelopalastingfriendshipiswortheveryounceofeffort.___16___Hereareafewthingsyoucandotobeagoodfriendtoothers.Maketimeforeachother___17___Themarkofagoodfriendissomeonewhomakestimeforyouandmakesspendingtimewithyouapriority.Agoodfriendwillalsolookforopportunitiestomaximizethetimeyouhavetogetherbyseekingfunanduniqueexperiencesthatstrengthenandmaintainyourbond.OpenupandalloweachothertobevulnerableAgoodfriendissomeonegenuine,someonewithwhomyoucanbeyourselfandtheycanbethemselvesaroundyou.Agoodfriendallowsyoutobevulnerablewiththemandviceversa,meaningyoucanexposeyouremotionsandcircumstanceswitheachotherandtrustoneanothertolisten,besupportive,andhaveeachother’sbestinterestsatheart.___18___Ifyourfriendhurtyou,don’tbeafraidtotalkaboutit.___19___Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbeingagoodfriend.Yourfriendwillneedyouforsupport,especiallyinhardtimes.Nobodywantstobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallyisn’tinterestedinthem.It’shardtorelyonapersonwhodoesn’tbehaveinatrustworthyway.Weallknowwell-intentionedpeoplewhosay,“Okay,Iwill...”butneverfollowthrough.Ifthat’syou,beawarethatyou’redestroyingyourfriends’trust.Eventually,they’llstopbelievingwhatyousay.Apologizewhenyou’vemadeamistake.Ifyouwantyourfriendstotrustyou,thenyoucan’tactlikeyou’reperfect.Ifyouknowyou’vemadeamistake,ownuptoitinsteadofdenying.Thoughyourfriendswon’tbehappythatyoumadeamistake,they’llbeverypleasedthatyou’rematureenoughtoadmititinsteadofjustpretendingthatnothingiswrong,orworse—blamingitonsomeoneelse.___20___Letyourfriendshearthesincerityinyourvoice.A.Bedependable.B.Beagoodlistener.C.Whenyoudoso,youshouldmeanit.D.Agoodfriendiswillingtosticktheirneckoutonbehalfoftheirfriends.E.Itwillcontributetodirectlinesofcommunicationbetweenbothofyou.FFriendshipsgrowthroughsharedexperiencesandqualitytimetogether.G.Becausegoodfriendshipsprovideasenseofbelongingandsecurity,knowingyouareloved.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些成為別人好朋友的建議和方法。【16題】根據(jù)上文“Beingagoodfriendisn’talwayseasy.Nevertheless,takingthetimetodevelopalastingfriendshipiswortheveryounceofeffort.(做一個好朋友并不總是那么容易。然而，花時間發(fā)展一段持久的友誼是值得付出一切努力的)”可知，本句應(yīng)該說明值得花時間發(fā)展持久友誼的原因，故G選項“因為好的友誼會給你一種歸屬感和安全感，知道你被愛著”符合語境，故選G?！?7題】根據(jù)后文“Themarkofagoodfriendissomeonewhomakestimeforyouandmakesspendingtimewithyouapriority.Agoodfriendwillalsolookforopportunitiestomaximizethetimeyouhavetogetherbyseekingfunanduniqueexperiencesthatstrengthenandmaintainyourbond.(好朋友的標(biāo)志是他會為你騰出時間，并把和你在一起的時間放在首位。好朋友也會尋找機會，通過尋找有趣和獨特的經(jīng)歷來最大限度地延長你們在一起的時間，從而加強和維持你們的關(guān)系)”可知，后文主要說明了好朋友會為彼此騰出時間，通過經(jīng)歷來維持關(guān)系，即通過共同經(jīng)歷來發(fā)展友誼。故F選項“友誼在共同經(jīng)歷和共度美好時光中成長”符合語境，故選F?！?8題】根據(jù)上文“Agoodfriendallowsyoutobevulnerablewiththemandviceversa,meaningyoucanexposeyouremotionsandcircumstanceswitheachotherandtrustoneanothertolisten,besupportive,andhaveeachother’sbestinterestsatheart.(一個好朋友允許你在他們面前脆弱，反之亦然，這意味著你可以在彼此面前暴露你的情緒和情況，信任彼此，互相傾聽，支持彼此，并把彼此的最大利益放在心上)”可知，上文提到了有好朋友的各種好處，故本句承接上文說明這么做的好處：有助于你們雙方之間的直接溝通。故E選項“這將有助于你們雙方之間的直接溝通”符合語境，故選E?！?9題】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbeingagoodfriend.Yourfriendwillneedyouforsupport,especiallyinhardtimes.Nobodywantstobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallyisn’tinterestedinthem.It’shardtorelyonapersonwhodoesn’tbehaveinatrustworthyway.Weallknowwell-intentionedpeoplewhosay,“Okay,Iwill...”butneverfollowthrough.Ifthat’syou,beawarethatyou’redestroyingyourfriends’trust.Eventually,they’llstopbelievingwhatyousay.(這是成為好朋友最重要的方面之一。你的朋友需要你的支持，尤其是在困難時期。沒有人想和對自己不感興趣的人做朋友。很難依賴一個行為不值得信賴的人。我們都認識一些善意的人，他們會說：“好吧，我會……”但從不堅持到底。如果你是這樣的人，你要意識到你正在破壞你朋友的信任。最終，他們會不再相信你說的話)”可知，本段的主旨是要成為一個值得信賴的人，即可靠的人。故A選項“成為可靠的人”符合語境，故選A?！?0題】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouwantyourfriendstotrustyou,thenyoucan’tactlikeyou’reperfect.Ifyouknowyou’vemadeamistake,ownuptoitinsteadofdenying.Thoughyourfriendswon’tbehappythatyoumadeamistake,they’llbeverypleasedthatyou’rematureenoughtoadmititinsteadofjustpretendingthatnothingiswrong,orworse—blamingitonsomeoneelse.(如果你想讓你的朋友信任你，那么你就不能表現(xiàn)得很完美。如果你知道自己犯了錯誤，就承認而不是否認。雖然你的朋友不會因為你犯了錯誤而高興，但他們會很高興看到你足夠成熟地承認錯誤，而不是假裝什么都沒有錯，或者更糟的是，把它歸咎于別人)”以及后文“Letyourfriendshearthesincerityinyourvoice.(讓你的朋友聽到你聲音中的真誠)”可知，后文提到了聽到聲音中的真誠，說明承認錯誤要認真，真誠，故C選項“當(dāng)你這樣做的時候，你應(yīng)該是認真的”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。RaquelisacollegestudentwhohasspentnearlyeverysummerworkinginthefieldsofSouthwesternMichiganwithherfamily,1,500milesfromtheirhomeinEdinburg,Texas.Asshepreparedforgraduation,sheknewherfamilywouldn’tbethereto____21____it,becauseherparentswereworkingsevendaysaweek,fromsun-upuntilaftersundownonthefarm.Raquelgraduatedwithadegreeinbilingualeducation.Sheiswillingtofollowa(n)____22____asapublicschoolteacher.Herpathtograduationwasbynomeans____23____.ButRaquel’sstoryhasalwaysbeenoftheimpossiblebecomingpossible.Followinghighschool,shetookayearofftoworkatthefarmandthen____24____oncollege.Ittookherfiveyearsto____25____hercollegecoursework,inpartbecauseshecouldn’ttakesummerclasses.Herdetermination____26____,bothinreachinggraduationandinherpersonaldevelopment.Shethankedherfamilyforeverythingshehad____27____,andwhatshehadbecome.“Myfamilyismy____28____supportsystem,andtheyhave____29____megreatly.WhenIhavehardtimesinschool,IseetheirfacesandIfeelso____30____tocontinue.”O(jiān)nthegraduationday,Raquelwasinterviewedaboutherfuture____31____tobecomingapublicschoolteacher.Littledidsheknowthattheinterviewwouldturnintoasurprisefamilyreunion.Herfamilymadethe3,000-mileroundtriptocelebratethemeaningful____32____.WhenRaquelglancedoverthecrowdsandfoundherparentsandsisterweresittinginthelastrow,sheburstintotears.She____33____herdiplomaintheair,smiled,andgaveathumbs-uptothefamilywhohelpedmakethisdaya(n)____34____.“Myparentsalwaystellmeto____35____myselftomyeducationbecausethat’ssomethingnobodycantakeawayfromme,andIkeepthatinmindallthetime,”saidRaquel.21.A.observe B.sponsor C.appreciate D.charge22.A.attempt B.mission C.career D.responsibility23.A.capable B.smooth C.significant D.brilliant24.A.depended B.called C.insisted D.focused25.A.design B.complete C.adapt D.assess26.A.paidoff B.paidback C.tookplace D.tookoff27.A.admitted B.donated C.achieved D.applied28.A.independent B.powerful C.flexible D.accurate29.A.impressed B.persuaded C.informed D.affected30.A.encouraged B.satisfied C.annoyed D.astonished31.A.adventure B.experience C.journey D.solution32.A.project B.contest C.festival D.event33.A.waved B.grabbed C.folded D.threw34.A.record B.regret C.reality D.truth35.A.accustom B.devote C.adjust D.expose【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了大學(xué)生Raquel的故事，包括她的家庭背景、學(xué)業(yè)經(jīng)歷、畢業(yè)感受以及家人的支持對她的影響?！?1題】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她準(zhǔn)備畢業(yè)時，她知道她的家人不會在那里慶祝，因為她的父母每周工作七天，從日出到日落在農(nóng)場工作。A.observed慶祝；B.sponsored贊助；C.appreciated欣賞；D.charged收費。根據(jù)前文“Asshepreparedforgraduation”可知，她畢業(yè)了，所以應(yīng)是慶祝。故選A項?！?2題】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她愿意從事公立學(xué)校教師的職業(yè)。A.attempt嘗試；B.mission任務(wù)；C.career職業(yè)；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)后文“asapublicschoolteacher”可知，公立學(xué)校教師是職業(yè)。故選C項。23題】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的畢業(yè)之路絕不平坦。A.capable有能力的；B.smooth平滑的；C.significant重大的；D.brilliant出色的。根據(jù)后文“ButRaquel’sstoryhasalwaysbeenoftheimpossiblebecomingpossible.”可知，Raquel的故事一直是不可能變成可能，所以可知，她的畢業(yè)之路不平坦。故選B項。【24題】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：高中畢業(yè)后，她在農(nóng)場工作了一年，然后集中精力上大學(xué)。A.depended依賴；B.called呼叫；C.insisted堅持；D.focused專注。根據(jù)后文“Ittookherfiveyearsto5hercollegecoursework”可知，Raquel花了五年大學(xué)畢業(yè)，所以在農(nóng)場工作了一年后，應(yīng)是集中精力上大學(xué)。故選D項。【25題】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她花了五年時間才完成大學(xué)課程，部分原因是她不能上暑期班。A.design設(shè)計；B.complete完成；C.adapt適應(yīng)；D.assess評估。根據(jù)前文“Ittookherfiveyears”結(jié)合選項可知，花了5年時間，應(yīng)是完成大學(xué)課程，符合語境。故選B項?！?6題】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她的決心得到了回報，無論是在畢業(yè)方面還是在個人發(fā)展方面。A.paidoff取得成功；B.paidback償還；C.tookplace發(fā)生；D.tookoff起飛，開始迅速發(fā)展。根據(jù)前文“Raquelgraduatedwithadegreeinbilingualeducation.Sheiswillingtofollowa(n)2asapublicschoolteacher.”可知，Raquel獲得了雙語教育學(xué)位，她將從事公立學(xué)校教師的職業(yè)，所以是在畢業(yè)方面和個人發(fā)展方面都取得成功。故選A項?！?7題】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她感謝家人對她所取得的一切成就以及她現(xiàn)在所成為的人的幫助。A.admitted承認；B.donated捐贈；C.achieved實現(xiàn)；D.applied應(yīng)用。根據(jù)前文“Shethankedherfamilyforeverything”結(jié)合選項可知，應(yīng)是“她實現(xiàn)的所有事”符合語境。故選C項?！?8題】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的家人是我強大的支持系統(tǒng)，他們對我影響很大。A.ind