江蘇省南京師范大學附屬中學2025屆高三英語下學期六月押題含解析

PAGE31-江蘇省南京師范高校附屬中學2025屆高三英語下學期六月押題（含解析）滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共85分)第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthemanplayvolleyball?A.Today.B.Thisweekend.C.Todayandtomorrow.2Howmuchwillthewomanspend?A.$220.B.$230.C.$250.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Ayellowcoat.C.Europeanpaintings.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydowiththecomputer?A.Giveittothewoman.B.Haveitfixed.C.Getanewone.5.Whyisthegirl'sfatherspecial?A.Hefindstimeforhiskids.B.Hehasanimportantjob.C.Hemakestimeforhimself.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthemanstartdrawing?A.Sixyearsago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Whenhewasfiveyearsold.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman'sart?A.Shethinksitisgreat.B.Sheistooshytotellhim.C.Shelikeshisphotographythemost.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whichcountrieshasthewomanalreadybeento?A.SingaporeandAmerica.B.CanadaandAustralia.C.ChinaandKorea.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutNorway?A.Itisalwayscoldalloverthecountry.B.Itsnowsalmosteverywhereinwinter.C.It'sverydryinsummer.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whywillthemanbelate?A.He'sstuckintraffic.B.Hehadanaccident.C.Hedidn'tmakeitontothebridgeintime.11.Whenistheplanescheduledtoleave?A.In45minutes.B.Intwohours.C.In30minutes.12.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Positive.B.Stressedout.C.Apologetic.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydidthemangetanewjob?A.Hewantedtoworkclosertohishouse.B.Hewantedtomakemoremoney.C.Hisoldjobwastoostressful.14.Whatdidthemanprobablydoathislastjob?A.Driveacar.B.Handlemoney.C.Lookafterpatients.15.Wheredoestheman'smotherlive?A.InChicago.B.InCalifornia.C.InNewYork.16.Whatwillthemandoinayear?A.Movebacktowherehisfamilylive.B.Gainmoreexperienceinthehospital.C.Findenoughtimetovisithisparents.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisWashingtonSquareParklocated?A.InUpperManhattan.B.Between6thSt.and4thSt.C.IntheWashingtonVillageneighborhood.18.WhatistrueaboutWashingtonSquarePark?A.Itcoverstencityblocks.B.Dogshavetheirownareastoplay.C.Eatinganddrinkingarenotallowed.19.Whoespeciallylikesthepark'sfountainarea?A.Artists.B.Students.C.Children.20.WhenwastheWashingtonArchbuilt?A.In1889.B.In1806.C.In1871.其次部分：英語基礎學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)：單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)請仔細閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。1.InChina,“mythicalcreatures”isusedtodescribetroublesomeschoolchildren________behaviorsdrivetheirparentscrazy.A.whose B.when C.who D.ofwhom【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在中國，“神話生物”被用來形容麻煩的學童，其行為使父母發(fā)瘋。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導定語從句。behaviors和先行詞schoolchildren存在所屬關系，behaviors是先行詞schoolchildren所具有的，因此運用whose修飾behaviors作定語來引導定語從句。在定語從句中“whose+名詞”可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ofwhich/whom+the+名詞”或“the+名詞+ofwhich/whom”。若選擇D項的話，題干中缺定冠詞the。故選A

。2.Withoutcoconuts,mostofthetropicalislandsintheSouthPacific________uninhabitableforbothanimalsandpeople.A.musthaveremained B.mayhaveremainedC.needhaveremained D.wouldhaveremained【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查含蓄條件句。句意：假如沒有椰子的話，大多數(shù)南太平洋的熱帶島嶼對于人和動物而言都將會不相宜居住。本處考查含蓄條件句，這里從句可以用另外一種形式Iftherewerenococonuts,表示與過去事實相反的假設，主句結構：主語+should(would,could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時+其他。故選D?！军c睛】在表示虛擬假設的虛擬語氣中，有時候假設的條件并不以條件句的形式表達出來，而是通過上下文或者句子的內(nèi)在邏輯關系，這時候就是含蓄條件句，主要通過名詞，連接詞，不定式，分詞，介詞短語和分句來示意，這里就是用短語withoutcoconuts來示意3.To________Darwinandhisidea，NationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryinWashingtoncreatedaspecialexhibit,showingrespectforthegenius.A.celebrate B.promote C.explore D.inspect【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了頌揚達爾文和他的思想，華盛頓國家自然歷史博物館創(chuàng)辦了一個特別的展覽，對這位天才表達敬意。A.celebrate慶祝，頌揚；B.promote提升；C.explore探究；D.inspect檢查，視察。依據(jù)“createdaspecialexhibit,showingrespectforthegenius”可知，此處表示為了“頌揚”達爾文和他的思想，其他選項不符合語境，故選A項。4.Thepandemichasfundamentallyalteredconsumerbehaviorandenterpriseoperations,________digitaladoptionandtransformationanecessity.A.tomake B.making C.havingmade D.made【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：這場流行病從根本上變更了消費者行為和企業(yè)運營，使得數(shù)字化的采納和轉(zhuǎn)型成為必要。分析句子可知，make與其邏輯主語之間是主動關系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作結果狀語。故選B項。5.Thereismoretogoodhealththanthemere________ofdisease.Mentalhealthisequallyimportant.A.presence B.absence C.experience D.evidence【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：健康不僅僅指不生病，還包括更多，心理健康同樣重要。A.presence存在；B.absence缺乏；C.experience經(jīng)驗，閱歷；D.evidence證據(jù)。依據(jù)“Mentalhealthisequallyimportant.”可知，健康不僅僅指不生病。故選B。6.EachroadleadstoRome.Ifyoucan'tget________youwanttogobyoneroad,justtryanother.A.what B.how C.which D.where【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：條條大路通羅馬，假如你不能從一條路到達你想去的地方，就試試另一條路。get后接賓語從句，依據(jù)“byoneroad,justtryanother.”可知，空處缺少表示地點的連接副詞。故選D項。7.Arrivingtooearlytoadinnerpartycouldappearslightlyrudeifthehost________theirpreparations.A.completes B.iscompleting C.completed D.hascompleted【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：假如主子在完成打算工作期間，客人過早參與晚宴，可能會顯得有些粗魯。運用現(xiàn)在進行時表示主子正在打算晚宴的時候，客人來到了現(xiàn)場。這是不禮貌的做法。故選B。8.Ourlossesareincrediblysmall,viewed________whathasbeenaccomplished.A.inthecaseof B.intheinterestofC.intheeventof D.inthelightof【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：從所取得的成就來看，我們的損失特別小。A.inthecaseof假使，假如發(fā)生；B.intheinterestof為……利益；C.intheeventof假如是那樣子的話，假如；D.inthelightof依據(jù)，比照，從……觀點看。依據(jù)前面的我們的損失特別小，可知，從所取得的成就來看，我們的損失特別小。inthelightof意思為“依據(jù)，比照，從……觀點看”，故選D。9.—Ifyoudon'tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem,whynotconsultwithJim?—Goodidea!________afterall.A.Greatmindsthinkalike B.TwoheadsarebetterthanoneC.Everycoinhastwosides D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查諺語。句意：——假如你不知道怎么處理這個問題，什么不找Jim一起商議呢？——好辦法！終歸人多力氣大。A.Greatmindsthinkalike英雄所見略同；B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone人多力氣大；C.Everycoinhastwosides凡事有利弊；D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.雙鳥在林不如一鳥在手。前文說到要找Jim探討，這里不知道如何處理問題，所以兩個人思索比一個人要更有方法，所以符合B選項說“人多力氣大”。故選B項。10.Fannyasked________madethatodd-lookinglittlecatsopopular.A.whatwasitthat B.watwasthatC.whatitwasthat D.whatthatwas【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句和強調(diào)句。句意：他想知道是什么使她在最終一刻變更了辦法。依據(jù)句意，他想知道是什么使她在最終一刻變更了辦法。分析句子可知，空格處引導賓語從句作asked的賓語，從句中缺少表語，所以應用what引導。又因為從句中包含一個強調(diào)句，所以應用“itis(was)that+其他”的結構，強調(diào)賓語從句的主語what，故此處應為whatitwasthat。故正確答案為C。11.ThisfluseasonintheU．S.beganearlierthanusualandstarted________inmid-NovemberwithanincreaseofinfluenzaB.A.buildingup B.pilingup C.risingup D.pickingup【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：美國的這次流感季比平常起先的早，并且隨B型流感的增加，在11月中旬就起先得病。A.buildingup增進；B.pilingup積累；C.risingup上升；D.pickingup得?。蝗旧?。依據(jù)上文提到的Thisfluseason和下文的withanincreaseofinfluenzaB.可推斷，此處指起先染病。故選D項?！军c睛】本小題主要考查動詞短語的辨析，buildup譯為“逐步增長，造輿論”，pilingup譯為“堆起，有意壓人”，risingup譯為“站起來”，pickup譯為“撿起，撿起，得病，取走，搭載”。12.Alltheinformationavailablehasbeenchecked,but________isdirectlyrelevanttothismurdercase.A.nothing B.it C.noone D.none【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查代詞辨析。句意：全部可用的信息都已經(jīng)檢查過，但沒有一個與該謀殺案有干脆的關系。A.nothing沒有什么；B.it它；

C.noone沒有人；D.none沒有一個（人或事物）。noone只用于指人。all表示“全部的”，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，all的否定應運用none，即可以理解為“noneoftheinformationisdirectlyrelevanttothismurdercase”，而nothing不與of連用。故選D

。13.Chinaisplayingakeyroleincontrollingthevirus.However,itwilltakelongandmucheffort________itisundercontrol.A.until B.after C.before D.unless【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：中國在限制病毒方面發(fā)揮著關鍵作用。但是，須要很長時間并付出很大努力才能限制住它。A.until直到……時；B.after在……之后；

C.before在……之前，在（一段時間）之后才……；D.unless除非，假如不。before的基本含義是“在……之前”，又可以依據(jù)不同語境敏捷翻譯成“才”、“還沒來得及就……”、“就”等。before在這里引導時間狀語從句，可譯為“才”。故選C

。14.Todayisadayofcelebration,adayforyoutobeproudofallthehardworkthat________youtothisplacewhereyoucansit.A.gets B.wouldget C.hadgot D.got【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查一般過去時。句意：今日是值得慶祝的日子，是你為自己的努力工作感到傲慢的一天，正是這些努力工作讓你們走到今日這個位置，讓你們能夠坐在這里。分析句子可知，that引導定語從句修飾先行詞allthehardwork，空處是定語從句的謂語動詞，由時間狀語Today及語境可知，get表示的動作發(fā)生在今日之前，應運用一般過去時。故選D項。15.—Wearegoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Areyouexcited?—________．A.Youknow B.Youbet C.Younameit D.Youmeanit【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際用語。句意：——今日下午我們要去野餐。你興奮嗎？——當然。A.Youknow你知道；B.Youbet確定地，當然；C.Younameit凡是你能說出的；D.Youmeanit你是說真的。對方問去野餐興不興奮，回答者說“當然”，應用“Youbet”更符合語境。故選B。其次節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)請仔細閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。SouthCarolinaismyhomestateandIamtheaunt,granddaughter,daughter,andsisterofBaptistministers(牧師).ThechurchwasacenterofBlackchildren'ssocial___16___andcaringBlackadultswerebuffers(緩沖)againstthesegregated(種族隔離的)andhostileoutsideworldthattoldusweweren't___17___.Butourparentssaiditwasn'tso,ourteacherssaiditwasn'tso,andourministerssaiditwasn'tso.The___18___ofmychildhoodwasclear:letnomanorwoman___19___onyou,andlookdownonnomanorwoman.Wecouldn'tplayinpublicplaygroundsorsitatdrugstorelunchcountersand___20___aCoke，soDaddybuiltaplaygroundandcanteenbehindthechurch.Infact,wheneverhesawaneed,hetriedto___21___.TherewerenoBlackhomesfortheagedinBennestsville,sohebeganoneacrossthestreetforwhichheandMamaandwechildrencookedand___22___andcleaned.Welearnedearlywhatourparentsandextendedcommunity“parents”valued.Childrenwere___23___—notbysermonizing(說教),butbypersonalexample—that___24___wastoolowlytodo.IrememberadebatemyparentshadwhenIwaseightornineasfor____25____Iwastooyoungtogowithmyolderbrother,Harry，tohelpcleanthebedandbedsoresofaverysick，poorwoman.Iwentandlearnedjusthowmuchthe____26____helpinghandsandkindnesscanmeantoapersoninneed.Theadultsinourchurchesandcommunitymadechildrenfeel____27____andimportant.Theytooktimeandpaidattentiontous.Theytriedtofindwaystokeepusbusy.And____28____lifewasoftenhardandresources____29____，wealwaysknewwhowewereandthatthe____30____ofourworthwasinsideourheadsandheartsandnotoutsideinourpossessionsoronourbacks.Weweretoldthatthe____31____hadalotofproblems;thatBlackpeoplehadanextralotofproblems;butthatwewereableand____32____tostruggleandchangethem;thatbeingpoorwasno____33____fornotachieving;andthatextraintellectualandmaterialgiftsbrought____34____themtheprivilegeandresponsibilityofsharingwithothersless____35____．16.A.attitude B.existence C.background D.media17.A.friendly B.powerful C.important D.intelligent18.A.advantage B.vision C.direction D.message19.A.comedown B.lookdown C.catchup D.giveup20.A.order B.share C.make D.find21.A.research B.reply C.respond D.reflect22.A.played B.ate C.helped D.served23.A.rewarded B.disciplined C.taught D.assessed24.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything25.A.why B.whether C.where D.how26.A.greatest B.smallest C.strongest D.weakest27.A.impressed B.accomplished C.valued D.protected28.A.since B.unless C.before D.while29.A.scarce B.precious C.necessary D.available30.A.security B.defense C.description D.measure31.A.world B.community C.people D.church32.A.contented B.obliged C.relieved D.delighted33.A.condition B.exception C.reason D.excuse34.A.for B.to C.with D.in35.A.fortunate B.smart C.wealthy D.kind【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.B20.A21.C22.D23.C24.A25.B26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章中作者記敘了自己的童年因為外界對于黑人的隔離和敵對，在外界生存充溢了障礙，在這樣的狀況下作者的父親還是對人們的須要做出回應。文章還說明白社區(qū)成年人對于孩子們的教化問題，他們讓孩子們感到被重視和重要，花時間關注他們?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教堂是黑人兒童社會生存的中心，有愛心的黑人成年人是對抗隔離和敵對的外部世界的緩沖，外部世界告知我們，我們不重要。A.attitude看法；B.existence生存，存在；C.background背景；D.media媒體。結合后文Wecouldn'tplayinpublicplaygroundsorsitatdrugstorelunchcounters可知兒童不能在公共操場上玩耍，也不能坐在藥店的午餐柜臺前買可樂，所以教堂就是黑人兒童社會生存的中心。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：教堂是黑人兒童社會生存的中心，有愛心的黑人成年人是對抗隔離和敵對的外部世界的緩沖，外部世界告知我們，我們不重要。A.friendly友好的；B.powerful強大的；C.important重要的；D.intelligent聰慧的。結合上文的描述segregatedandhostileoutsideworld可知外面的世界對黑人是隔離和具有敵意的，認為黑人對社會來說不重要。其他選項不符合語境。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我童年的信息很清晰：不要讓任何男人或女人輕視你，也不要輕視任何男人或女人。A.advantage優(yōu)勢；B.vision視力；C.direction方向；D.message信息。結合后文letnomanorwoman…onyou,andlookdownonnomanorwoman可知“不要讓任何男人或女人輕視你，也不要讓任何男人或女人輕視你”是作者童年接收到的信息。故選D。【19題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我童年的信息很清晰：不要讓任何男人或女人輕視你，也不要輕視任何男人或女人。A.comedown下來；B.lookdown俯視；C.catchup趕上；D.giveup放棄。結合后文andlookdownonnomanorwoman可知此處指不要讓任何男人或女人輕視自己。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不能在公共操場上玩耍，也不能坐在藥店的午餐柜臺前點可樂，所以爸爸在教堂后面建了一個操場和食堂。A.order點餐，吩咐；B.share共享；C.make制作；D.find找到。結合上文atdrugstorelunchcounters可知是指坐在藥店的午餐柜臺前點可樂喝，故選A。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，每當他看到須要的時候，他都試圖做出回應。A.research探討；B.reply答復；C.respond回應；D.reflect反映。結合上文Infact,wheneverhesawaneed,hetriedto可知是指父親對須要做出回應。reply多指對某陳述或主見的回答，respond多指對號召、職責等作出響應或反應；偏重于用行動回答或響應，此處應用respond更符合語境。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在本尼斯維爾沒有黑人養(yǎng)老院，所以他在街對面開了一家，由他和媽媽還有我們這些孩子做飯、服務和打掃衛(wèi)生。A.played玩耍；B.ate吃；C.helped幫助；D.served款待，服務。結合上文hebeganoneacrossthestreetforwhichheandMamaandwechildrencookedand老師父親開了一家養(yǎng)老院，由作者和媽媽在里面做飯、服務和打掃衛(wèi)生。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們被教化——不是通過說教，而是通過個人例子——沒有什么事情是不能做的。A.rewarded獎賞；B.disciplined使有紀律；C.taught教化，教；D.assessed評估。結合后文notbysermonizing可知孩子們是被父母教化的，而不是一味地說教。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查不定代詞辨析。句意：孩子們被教化——不是通過說教，而是通過個人例子——沒有什么事情是不能做的。A.nothing沒有什么；B.something某事；C.everything一切；D.anything任何事。結合后文作者父母爭辯作者是否能夠去幫助人，可推知孩子們被教化沒有什么事情是不能做的，最小的幫助也是有益的。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：我記得在我八九歲的時候，父母曾爭辯過我是否太小，不能陪我的哥哥哈里去幫一個病重、可憐的女人打掃床和褥瘡。此處為賓語從句，從句中不少成分，表示“是否”應用whether。故選B。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我去了解了最小的幫助之手和和善對一個須要幫助的人意味著什么。A.greatest最宏大的；B.smallest最小的；C.strongest最強壯的；D.weakest最弱的。結合上文Iwastooyoungtogowithmyolderbrother可知此處指的是最小的幫助之手。故選B。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們教會和社區(qū)的成年人讓孩子們感到被重視和重要。A.impressed印象深刻的；B.accomplished完成的；C.valued被重視的；D.protected受愛護的。結合后文andimportant可知是指讓孩子們感到被重視和重要。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查連接詞辨析。句意：雖然生活通常很艱難，資源也很匱乏，但我們總是知道自己是誰，我們的價值是在我們的頭腦和內(nèi)心中衡量的，而不是外在的財產(chǎn)或背上。A.since既然；B.unless除非；C.before在……之前；D.while雖然，當……時候。此處為while引導讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然”。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然生活通常很艱難，資源也很匱乏，但我們總是知道自己是誰，我們的價值是在我們的頭腦和內(nèi)心中衡量的，而不是外在的財產(chǎn)或背上。A.scarce匱乏的；B.precious珍貴的；C.necessary必要的；D.available可獲得的。結合上文lifewasoftenhardandresources可知生活艱難，資源匱乏。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然生活通常很艱難，資源也很匱乏，但我們總是知道自己是誰，我們的價值是在我們的頭腦和內(nèi)心中衡量的，而不是外在的財產(chǎn)或背上。A.security平安；B.defense防衛(wèi)；C.description描述；D.measure衡量，措施。結合后文ofourworthwasinsideourheadsandhearts可知此處表示價值是在頭腦和內(nèi)心中衡量（measure）的。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們被告知，這個世界有許多問題；黑人有額外的許多問題；但我們有實力也有義務去奮斗和變更它們；貧困不是不勝利的借口；額外的智力和物質(zhì)天賦帶來了與其他不幸者共享的特權和責任。A.world世界；B.community社區(qū)；C.people人們；D.church教堂。結合上文內(nèi)容可知外面的世界對黑人存在敵意，覺得黑人不重要，因此此處指世界（world）有許多問題。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們被告知，這個世界有許多問題；黑人有額外的許多問題；但我們有實力也有義務去奮斗和變更它們；貧困不是不勝利的借口；額外的智力和物質(zhì)天賦帶來了與其他不幸者共享的特權和責任。A.contented滿意的；B.obliged有責任的，必需的；C.relieved放心的；D.delighted興奮的。結合上文Blackpeoplehadanextralotofproblems;butthatwewereableand可知but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明黑人有額外的許多問題；但我們有實力也有責任去奮斗和變更它們。beobligedto“有義務”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們被告知，這個世界有許多問題；黑人有額外的許多問題；但我們有實力也有義務去奮斗和變更它們；貧困不是不勝利的借口；額外的智力和物質(zhì)天賦帶來了與其他不幸者共享的特權和責任。A.condition條件；B.exception例外；C.reason理由；D.excuse借口。結合上下文語境beingpoorwasno…fornotachieving可知作者認為不勝利不能用貧困作為借口。故選D。【34題詳解】考查介詞辨析。句意：我們被告知，這個世界有許多問題；黑人有額外的許多問題；但我們有實力也有義務去奮斗和變更它們；貧困不是不勝利的借口；額外的智力和物質(zhì)天賦帶來了與其他不幸者共享的特權和責任。A.for為了；B.to朝向；C.with和；D.in在里面。此處考查短語bringwith表示“帶來”。指額外的智力和物質(zhì)天賦帶來了與其他不幸者共享的特權和責任。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我我們被告知，這個世界有許多問題；黑人有額外的許多問題；但我們有實力也有義務去奮斗和變更它們；貧困不是不勝利的借口；額外的智力和物質(zhì)天賦帶來了與其他不幸者共享的特權和責任。A.fortunate幸運的；B.smart聰慧的；C.wealthy富有的；D.kind親切的。有額外智力和物質(zhì)天賦的人，應當是與沒那么幸運（fortunate）的人共享特權和責任，二者形成對比。故選A。第三部分：閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)請仔細閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AKeepShowerDoorsSpotlessLongerWater-repellingsprays(suchasRain-X)aren'tjustgreatforyourcar.Applyingacoattoyourshowerdoorswillpreventthebuildupofmildew(霉菌)andotherresidue.PickUpGlassFragmentsEasilyCollectingthelargerpiecesofabrokenglassordishisusuallyeasyenough,butpickingupthosetinysliversandshardscanbetricky.Onewaytodoitistopressasliceofsoftbreadoverthearea.Justbecarefulnottocutyourselfwhenyoutossthebreadinthegarbage.SweetenYourYogurtWithoutSugarFlavoredyogurtsoftencontaindozensofgramsofsugar,butplainyogurtcanbeprettyblah.Addflavorwithoutmanycalorieswithafewdropsofvanilla,mint,oralmondextract.Youcanalsomicrowaveyourfavouriteintoacompote(蜜餞)and,onceit'scool,swirlitintotheyogurt.SpendLessonHotelRoomsWeekendbookerstendtoluckoutwhenitcomestosnaggingthebestrate.PricesarelowestonFridaysandSaturdays,accordingtothemostrecentdatafromtravelsitekayak.AbsolutelyavoidbookingonMondays,Tuesdays,andWednesdays,whenpricesarehighest.36.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.coveringtheshowerdoorwithyourcoatkeepsitspotlesslongerB.softbreadcanbeusedtopickuptinyglassfragmentsC.yogurtcanbemadesweeterifyouaddyourfavouritefruitandmicrowaveitD.pricesofhotelroomsarethelowestonFridaysandSaturdays37.Inwhichnewspapercolumncanthearticlemostprobablybefound?A.Dramainreallife. B.Everydaymiracles.C.Tellyourstories. D.Wefoundafix.【答案】36.B37.D【解析】這是一篇應用文。本文介紹了解決生活中的一些問題的小妙招，包括：如何保持淋浴門長時間的一塵不染；如何輕松撿起玻璃碎片；不含糖即可使酸奶變甜的方法；如何削減在酒店客房上的消費。36題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)PickUpGlassFragmentsEasily中的“Collectingthelargerpiecesofabrokenglassordishisusuallyeasyenough,butpickingupthosetinysliversandshardscanbetricky.Onewaytodoitistopressasliceofsoftbreadoverthearea.”可知，收集玻璃杯或盤子的較大碎塊通常很簡單，但是撿起那些細小的碎片可能很麻煩。一種方法是在該區(qū)域上壓一片軟面包，將細小的碎塊沾起來。即軟面包可以被用來撿起微小的玻璃碎片。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理推斷題。本文介紹了解決生活中的一些問題的小妙招，包括：如何保持淋浴門長時間的一塵不染；如何輕松撿起玻璃碎片；不含糖即可使酸奶變甜的方法；如何削減在酒店客房上的消費。由此可知，這些內(nèi)容可以出現(xiàn)在報紙上的“我們有方法”的欄目中。故選D。BRiversareearthlyarteries(要道)forthenutrients,depositsandfreshwaterthatsustainhealthy,diverseecosystems.Theirinfluenceextendsinmultipledimensions—notonlyalongtheirlengthbutbelow-groundtoaquifers(蓄水層)andperiodicallyintonearbyfloodplains.Theyalsoprovidevitalservicesforpeoplebyfertilizingagriculturallandandfeedingkeyfisheriesandbyactingastransportationcorridors.Butineffortstoeaseshippassage,protectcommunitiesfromflooding,anddrawoffwaterfordrinkingandirrigation,humanshaveincreasinglyconstrainedandbrokenthesecrucialwaterways.“Wetrytocontrolriversasmuchaspossible,”saysGuntherGrill,ahydrologistatMcGillUniversity.InnewresearchpublishedinMayinNature,Grillandhiscolleaguesanalyzedthebarriersto12milliontotalkilometersofriversaroundtheworld.Theteamdevelopedanindex(指數(shù))thatevaluatessixaspectsofconnectivity—fromphysicalfragmentation(bydams,forexample)toflowregulation(bydamsorlevees)towaterconsumption—alongariver’svariousdimension.Riverswhoseindexesmeetacertainthreshold(臨界值)forbeinglargelyabletofollowtheirnaturalpatternswereconsideredfree-flowing.Theresearchersfoundthatamongriverslongerthan1,000kilometers(whichtendtobesomeofthosemostimportanttohumanactivities),only37percentarenotblockedalongtheirentirelengths.Mostofthemareinareaswithaminimalhumanpresence,includingtheAmazonandCongobasinsandtheArctic.Onthecontrary,mostriversshorterthan100kilometersappearedtoflowfreely—butthedataonthemarelesscomprehensive,andsomebarriersmighthavebeenmissed.Only23percentofthesubsetofthelongestriversthatconnecttotheoceanareuninterrupted.Fortherest,humaninfrastructureisstarvingestuaries(河口)anddeltas(suchastheMississippiDelta)ofkeynutrients.Theworld'sestimated2.8milliondamsarethemaincause,controllingwaterflowandtrappingdeposits.Thenewresearchcouldbeusedtobetterunderstandhowproposeddams,leveesandothersuchprojectsmightimpactriverconnectivity,aswellaswheretoremovethesefixturestobestrestorenaturalflow.Itcouldalsohelpinformourapproachtoriversastheclimatechanges,saysAnneJefferson,ahydrologistatKentStateUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthework.Existinginfrastructure,shesays,“hasessentiallybeenbuilttoapastclimatethatwearenotinanymoreandareincreasinglymovingawayfrom.”38.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionofrivers?A.Easingshippassage. B.Fertilizingagriculturalland.C.Transportingpeopleorgoods. D.Sustaininghealthyecosystems.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“constrained”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Exhausted. B.Restricted.C.Consumed. D.Expanded.40.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph4refersto“________”．A.earthlyarteries B.humanactivitiesC.entirelengths D.unblockedrivers41.WhatdoesAnneJeffersonmeanbytheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Existinginfrastructurehasbeenperfectlybuilt.B.Existinginfrastructuredoesn'tdependonthepastclimate.CExistinginfrastructuredeterminesthefutureclimate.D.Existinginfrastructuredoesn’tfitthechangingclimate.【答案】38.A39.B40.D41.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了河流在維護健康生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、促進農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展及運輸方面發(fā)揮的作用，但是人類活動對于河流功能的發(fā)揮產(chǎn)生了很大的不利影響，要結合氣候條件調(diào)整水利設施的建設?！?8題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)前兩段中的“Riversareearthlyarteries(要道)forthenutrients,depositsandfreshwaterthatsustainhealthy,diverseecosystems.Theyalsoprovidevitalservicesforpeoplebyfertilizingagriculturallandandfeedingkeyfisheriesandbyactingastransportationcorridors.Butineffortstoeaseshippassage…h(huán)umanshaveincreasinglyconstrainedandbrokenthesecrucialwaterways.”可知，河流是維持健康多樣生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所須要的養(yǎng)分，沉積物和淡水的運輸通道。它們還通過給農(nóng)業(yè)土地施肥和為主要漁業(yè)供應食物以及充當運輸走廊，為人們供應重要的服務。但是，在努力減輕船舶通行壓力和愛護社區(qū)免受洪水侵襲方面，人類越來越多地限制和破壞了這些關鍵的河流?！庇纱丝芍狝項（努力減輕船舶通行壓力。）不是河流發(fā)揮的功能。故選A。【39題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中的“brokenthesecrucialwaterways.Wetrytocontrolriversasmuchaspossible.”可知，人類越來越多地破壞了這些關鍵的河流，因為人們試圖盡可能地限制河流。and之前的動詞與and之后的內(nèi)容在意義是相近的，即人類“限制”河流的活動對河流應當發(fā)揮的作用產(chǎn)生了消極的影響，結合選項可知，restricted（限制）能夠符合語意的須要。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundthatamongriverslongerthan1，000kilometers,only37percentarenotblockedalongtheirentirelengths.Mostofthemareinareaswithaminimalhumanpresence,includingtheAmazonandCongobasinsandtheArctic.”可知，探討人員發(fā)覺，在長度超過1000公里的河流中，只有37％的河流在整個長度上都沒有被堵塞。它們中的大多數(shù)位于很少有人居住的地區(qū)，包括亞馬遜河和剛果盆地以及北極地區(qū)。因此them指代的是“只有37％在整個長度上都沒有被堵塞的河流”，即D項（暢通的河流）。故選D。【41題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，這項新探討可以用來更好地理解擬建的水壩，堤壩和其他類似項目如何影響河流的連通性，以及在何處拆除這些固定裝置以最好地復原自然流量。肯特州立高校水文學家安妮·杰斐遜（AnneJefferson）說，這也可以幫助我們了解隨著氣候變更而對河流的處理方式。她說，現(xiàn)有的基礎設施是在過去的氣候條件下建設的，我們現(xiàn)在的氣候條件已經(jīng)不是過去那樣了，并且正在漸漸地發(fā)生變更?！奔碅nneJefferson所說的話意味著：現(xiàn)有的基礎設施無法適應不斷變更的氣候。故選D。CAreyouawarethateverysinglepersononthisplanetwhohaseverlived,livesnoworwilllive,hasadifferentperceptionofreality?Thewayeachofusperceivestheworldistosomedegreedifferentthananyotherperson'sperceptionofreality.__①__Whatisabsolutelyrealandrightforyoumaybeanillusion,ornonexistent,orcompletelyfalseforanother!It'simportanttoknowthis.__②__Forexample,thenewsmedialovestocreatedrama,andoneoftheirfavoritemethodsistoelicit(引起)fear:fearofotherpeople,fearoftheweather,fearoftheeconomy,etc.Thenewsmediatellsushowtoperceivetheworld—andifapersontakesthenewscastersattheirword,theyperceivetheworldtobeverydangerousandhostile.Tothatperson，thementalimagesandemotionssuggestedbyotherpeoplecreateaversionofrealitythatiscompletelydifferentfromtherealityperceivedbysomeonewhodoesnotwatchthenews.Thingsarenotalwayswhattheyseem.Formostpeople,seeingisbelieving,whichiswhymagicians,artistsandmarketersaresosuccessful.JustliketheTVnews,theyshowyouonlywhattheywantyoutoseeanditisperceivedasreality.Buthowwouldthatrealitychangeifyousawwhatwentonbehindthescenesorwhatwasleftout?What'syourstory?Weallhaveastory.Overtime,yourstorytakesonalifeofitsownandyoubecomeyourstory.Butwho'stheauthorandwhydidhimputsomuchcrapinthere?Allthatunnecessarysuffering,struggle,heartache,worryandpainwouldn'titbebettertoliveastorywithoutallthat?Whowantstoliveinastorywiththatmuchboredomandunfulfilledlongings?Thestorygotitsstartwhenyouwereborn,andwasco-authoredbyyoualongwiththeinfluencesinyourlife.__③__Anytimeyouwereinfluencedbysomeoneorsomething,youunconsciouslyhandedyourpenoverandsaid“Here,youwritethisaboutme.”SoyouarenotevenwritingyourOWNstory!Noonedoes—untiltheyrecognizethatfact,andmakeaconsciousdecisiontotakecontrolofthepen.YouCANwriteyourstorythewayyouwantittoplayout.________________Itishelpfultounderstandhowthebraintakesrealityandfiltersittocreateyouruniqueperceptionofreality.It'sanautomaticunconsciousactionthatisbasedon：●Physicalexperiences(whichiswhysomeopticalillusionsareextremelyunsettling)●Pastconditioning(howyouareprogrammedtoseetheworld)__④__Whenyoubecomeawareofthefactthatyouareconstructingyourownreality,youcantakechargeandbuildonethatismorepleasing.Ifyouchangeyourmind,yourvibrationandyourintentions,youcanchangeyourcircumstances!Insteadof,“Iamavictimofcircumstance，”imprintinyourmind,“Iamtheco-creatorofmylife”；Insteadof,“Iamsickandtiredof”imprintinyourmind，“IamincontrolandenthusiasticaboutwhatIdo”．Raiseyourvibrationbythinking,talkingandactingmorepositively.Aspositivenessbecomesamentalhabit，thatchangewillbecomeyournewinnerreality,whichwillsoonmanifestinyourouterreality.Thepowerofperceptionisimmense.Choosetoseemoregoodthanbad,moreabundancethanlack,morelovethanindifferenceandmoresuccessthanstruggle.42.Howdoestheauthorpresenthisviewpointsinthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Byansweringquestions. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bydrawingconclusions.43.Thesentence“Becauseifyouarenotaware,yourperception,worldviewandrealityarecreatedbyotherpeople.”shouldbeputin________．A.① B.② C.③ D.④44.Whichofthefollowingsubtitlescanbefilledintheblank?A.SeeingisnotbelievingB.LiveuptoyourexpectationsC.ChangeyourperceptionandcreateanewrealityD.Physicalexperiencesandpastconditioningreallycount45.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?A.Instructive. B.Humorous.C.Critical. D.Ironic.【答案】42.B43.B44.C45.A【解析】【分析】本篇是爭論文，我們每個人感知世界的方式在某種程度上都不同于其他人對現(xiàn)實的感知。對你來說確定真實和正確的東西可能是一種幻覺，或者根本不存在，或者對另