2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit2IconicAttractionsUsingLanguage素養(yǎng)作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUnit2IconicAttractionsUsingLanguageⅠ.單句語法填空1.TheRedCrossorganizedthedistribution(distribute)offoodandclothinginthedisasterarea.2.Theyoungmanbecamealicensed(license)doctoraftergraduatingfromcollege.3.Complaintsaboutthefrequency(frequent)oftrainsroseby201%inthelastyear.4.Thereportdocumentstheshockingamountofdomesticviolence(violent)againstwomen.5.Weinvitedtwentypeople,butonlyahandfulofthemcame.6.Itisagainstschoolrulesforthegirlstudentstowearhigh-heeledshoes.7.Whenyou’reinagoodstate,yourememberthingsbetter!8.She’soldenoughtohavethefreedom(free)todoasshelikes.9.Thewestbelievesithasagreatercapacitytoadapt(adapt)toclimatechange.

10.InoticedaflockofbirdspickingwormsinthegardenwhenIwateredthevegetables.Ⅱ.完成句子1.Ididn’trealizemyproblemuntilIattendedthesessionsponsoredbytheMinistryofEducation.

直到我參與了教化部主辦的會議我才意識到我的問題。2.Wefinallyfoundthekindmanwho/thatdivedintotherivertosavethedrowningboy.

我們最終找到了那個(gè)跳進(jìn)河里救落水男孩的好心男子。3.Hearingthenews,sheweptoceansoftears.

聽到這個(gè)消息,她淚如泉涌。4.Wheneverweseelitterontheground,weshouldpickitupandthrowitintoadustbin.

每當(dāng)我們看到地上有垃圾,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)把它撿起來,扔到垃圾桶里。5.Iknowit’shardwork,andI’llcomeacrossmanydifficultiesandfrustrations.

我知道這是艱苦的工作,我會遇到很多困難和挫折。6.Although/Though/Whilehisqualificationsentitlehimtoahighersalary,theyoungmanhasdecidedtoteachintheremotearea.

盡管那個(gè)年輕人的資格使他有權(quán)享有較高的薪水,但他確定在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)教學(xué)。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AVisitingWashington,D.C.isnotawasteofyourtimeandmoney.TherearemanydestinationsinWashington,D.C.thatyoucanincludeinyourjourney,whichmakeyourtraveltothisgreatcityworthyourtimeandmoney.Herearesomenotableattractionsthatthecitycanoffer.SmithsonianInstitutionItistheimageof19thsandstonecalledCastle.Thisisaninstitutionthathasgotmorethanninemuseums.Aone-daytourisnotenoughtocoveritall.ThebestplacestovisitareAirandSpaceMuseumandMuseumofJeffersonMemorialThisplacehousesthe19-footstatueofAmerica’sthirdpresident.Inaddition,therearesomewritingsinthewalllikeDeclarationofIndependenceandsomeJefferson’swritings.MichelRichardCitronelleThisfamouschefgotarestaurantattheheartofWashington,D.C.Heprepareswonderfuldishestodignitarieswhofrequentthisplace.Itisnotonlyaboutattractivemenu,buttheserviceisprofessional.Themulti-courseisaccompaniedwithwine.Therestaurant’swinecellarhousesthousandsofbottles.MandarinOrientalThisisatasteofAsiainthedistrict.Thehotelamenities(設(shè)施)areworldclasswithpoolandspas.Therestaurantshowsthecity’sviewonaflatscreenTVandtheroomshaveInternetaccess.TheWhitehouseItshouldnotbemissed.Itisoneofthemostsignificantbuildingsinthecity.Itsarchitectureisgrandandsuitsthecity’slandscape.Thereareguidedtoursthatyoucanjoinin.TwinsJazzIfyouwanttoenjoyjazzmusic,thisistheplacetobe.Youcanheargrassrootsmusiciansplay.Thefoodisalsogood.1.WhatcanyouvisitinSmithsonianInstitution?A.Castles. B.MuseumsC.Statues D.Restaurants【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Thisisaninstitutionthathasgotmorethanninemuseums.Aone-daytourisnotenoughtocoveritall.ThebestplacestovisitareAirandSpaceMuseumandMuseumofNaturalHistory.”可知在SmithsonianInstitution你能參觀博物館。故選B項(xiàng)。2.WhatcanyoudoinMichelRichardCitronelle?A.TasteAsianfood.B.CookdeliciousdishesC.Enjoygoodfoodandservice.D.SwimandenjoyfreeWifi.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Heprepareswonderfuldishestodignitarieswhofrequentthisplace.Itisnotonlyaboutattractivemenu,buttheserviceisprofessional.Themulti-courseisaccompaniedwithwine.”可知在MichelRichardCitronelle你能享受美食和服務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。3.Whichofthefollowingisyourbestchoiceasamusiclover?A.JeffersonMemorial.B.MandarinOriental.C.TheWhiteHouse.D.TwinsJazz.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中的“Ifyouwanttoenjoyjazzmusic,thisistheplacetobe.”可知TwinsJazz是你作為音樂愛好者的最佳選擇。故選D項(xiàng)。BClimatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavedestroyedthethylacine(袋狼),accordingtoanewstudybasedonDNAfromthylacinebones.Themeat-eatingmarsupials(有袋動物)diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyearsago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,untilthe1930s.Untilnow,scientistshavebelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinction(滅亡)wasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes(Australianwilddogs).ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalofBiogeographyonThursday,collected51newthylacineDNAsamplesfromfossil(化石)bonesandmuseumskins.Thepaperconcludedthatclimatechangestartingabout4,000yearsagowaslikelythemaincauseofthemainlandextinction.TheancientDNAshowedthatthemainlandextinctionofthylacineswasrapid,andnottheresultoflossofgeneticdiversity(基因多樣性).Therewasalsoevidenceofapopulationcrash(大跌)inthylacinesinTasmaniaatthesameperiodoftime,reducingtheirnumbersandgeneticdiversity.ProfessorJeremyAustinsaidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia’swarmer,drierclimateduetoitshigherrainfall.Hearguedthatclimatechangewas“theonlythingthatcouldhavecaused,oratleaststarted,anextinctiononthemainlandandcausedapopulationcrashinTasmania.”“Theybothoccurredataboutthesametime,andtheothertwothingsthathavebeentalkedaboutinthepastthatmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctiononthemainlandweredingoesandhumans.Sotheonlyexplanationthat’sleftisclimatechange.Andbecausethatpopulationcrashhappenedatthesametimethespecies(物種)wentextinctonthemainland,ourargumentisthere’sacommonthemethereandtheonlycommonthemeisthatthereisthischangeinclimate.”【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述袋狼消逝的緣由。4.Whatdidscientistsbelieveinthepastaccordingtothepassage?A.Marsupialswereallmeat-eatinganimals.B.DingoesshouldberemovedfromAustralia.C.ThylacineshadnoenemiesonmainlandAustralia.D.Humanactivitiesmaycausetheextinctionofthylacines.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中Untilnow,scientistshavebelieved...anddingoes(Australianwilddogs)可知,科學(xué)家過去認(rèn)為人類活動可能會導(dǎo)致袋狼的滅亡。故選D。5.What’sthedifferencebetweenmainlandAustraliaandTasmania?A.Tasmaniahasmoredingoes.B.Tasmaniahasmorerainydays.C.Tasmaniahasahighertemperature.D.Tasmaniahasmorenativeactivities.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段ProfessorJeremyAustinsaidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia’swarmer,drierclimateduetoitshigherrainfall.可知,塔斯馬尼亞有更多的雨天。故選B。6.ThereasonwhyJeremyAustinhadstrongargumentisthat.

A.somethingsimilaroccurredonmainlandAustraliaandTasmaniaB.TasmaniawasprotectedfrommainlandAustralia’swarmerclimateC.humansanddingoesmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctionD.mainlandAustraliasufferedfrommuchhigherrainfallinthepast【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Hearguedthatclimatechange...apopulationcrashinTasmania.”可知,杰里米·奧斯丁(JeremyAustin)之所以有強(qiáng)有力的論據(jù),是因?yàn)榘拇罄麃喆箨懞退柜R尼亞島也發(fā)生了類似的事情。故選A。7.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCauseofDisappearanceofThylacinesB.TheWaysofProtectingMeat-eatingAnimalsC.TheResultofWarmerClimateinAustraliaD.TheEffectofClimateChangeonWildlife【解析】選A。標(biāo)題推斷題。依據(jù)第一段Climatechange,nothumanhunting...onDNAfromthylacinebones和其次段中Untilnow,scientistshavebelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinctionwasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes(Australianwilddogs)可知,這篇文章講解并描述的是袋狼消逝的緣由。故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀填句Thecicada(蟬)hasaninterestinglifecycle,butmostofusonlybecomeawareoftheseinsectsinsummerwhentheyreachadulthoodandbegintheircalls.1Some,liketheGoldenEmperor,havecomplicatedsongs.Thesummertimecallsofthecicadaaremadebyadultmalestoattractfemales.Theireggsareusuallylaidinscratchescutthroughtheskinofthetree.Onceithasbeencompleted,theadultsdie.

Whentheeggshatch,thelarvae(幼蟲)droptothegroundandliveunderthesoil.2Theyspendaslittleasseveralmonthsforsomespeciesoraslongasseveralyearsforotherspeciesburiedunderground,shedding(蛻下)theirskinastheygrow.Theyshedtheirskinforthelasttimetobecomeadultcicadaswiththeirwings.3Afewdaysaftercomingoutofthesoil,themalescallformatesandcyclebeginsagain.

TheGoldenEmperor,whosecallisquitedifferentfromothers,isoneofAustralia’sbiggestandprettiestcicadas.4TheGoldenEmperorcallsingroups,butgettingtoseeoneupcloseisverydifficultastheyflyawaywhenapproached.Also,astheirbreedingseasonprogresses,theygraduallymovehigherupthetreetrunks.5TheGoldenEmperorisadelightjusttolistentoifyoucan’tseetheinsectitself.

A.Notallcicadashavesimple,loudnoise.B.Thisactmakestheircalltheonlysignthattheyarestillaround.C.Thelarvaeattachthemselvestotreerootsandfeedontheirliquid.D.Whentheyhavebecomemature,theycomeoutofthesoilasagroup.E.Theirsongscallonfemaletoflytothemandfightfornextgeneration.F.Ifthathappens,theywillflyawayandgotosomeplacethattheyreallylove.G.Theircallstartswithtwonotesandthenrisessharplybeforeitsuddenlydropsdown.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蟬的一生,其中特地介紹了澳大利亞的一種名叫GoldenEmperor的蟬和其他蟬的不同之處。1.【解析】選A。依據(jù)下文Some,liketheGoldenEmperor,havecomplicatedsongs.可知有些蟬可以發(fā)出困難的聲音,例如金皇大帝。A.Notallcicadashavesimple,loudnoise.并非全部的蟬都發(fā)出簡潔、吵鬧的聲音。符合文意,選項(xiàng)中的simple與后句中的complicated形成對比,故選A項(xiàng)。2.【解析】選C。依據(jù)前文Whentheeggshatch,thelarvaedroptothegroundandliveunderthesoil.可知蟬的幼蟲由卵孵化后,就會生活在地下。C選項(xiàng)講解并描述了幼蟲在地下生活的狀態(tài),larvae是關(guān)鍵詞,故選C項(xiàng)。3.【解析】選D。依據(jù)前文Theyshedtheirskinforthelasttimetobecomeadultcicadaswiththeirwings.可知它們最終一次蛻皮,變成有翅膀的成年蟬。D選項(xiàng)中的mature和前文的adult是關(guān)鍵詞,故選D項(xiàng)。4.【解析】選G。依據(jù)前文TheGoldenEmperor,whosecallisquitedifferentfromothers,isoneofAustralia’sbiggestandprettiestcicadas.可知金皇大帝是澳大利亞最大最美麗的蟬,它們的叫聲和其他蟬不一樣。故選G項(xiàng)。5.【解析】選B。依據(jù)前文Also,astheirbreedingseasonprogresses,theygraduallymovehigherupthetreetrunks.可知隨著繁殖季節(jié)的推動,它們會漸漸爬到樹干的高處。故選B項(xiàng)。主題活動·遷移應(yīng)用Ⅰ.語用功能表達(dá)(1)關(guān)于動物大小的詞匯:heavy重的,light輕的,big大的,small小的,little小的,tiny微小的,tall高的,short矮的,fat肥胖的,thin瘦的,skeletal骨瘦如柴的,giant巨大的,underweight消瘦的,wide寬的。(2)關(guān)于動物形態(tài)的詞匯:round圓的,square方形的,straight直的,triangular三角形的,oval橢圓的,sleek圓滑的,blobby滴狀斑點(diǎn)的,flat扁平的,elliptical橢圓的,crooked彎曲的,wavy水紋的。(3)關(guān)于動物的顏色的詞匯:pink粉色的,red紅色的,orange橙色的,black黑色的,yellowish淡黃色的,blue藍(lán)色的,dark黑色的,green綠色的,purple紫色的,white白色的,gray灰色的,brown棕色的。(4)關(guān)于描述動物速度的詞匯:quick快的,fast快的,slow慢的,swift快速的,speeding快速的,rushing急速的,hasty匆忙的,bustling忙亂的,rapid快速的,snappy生氣勃勃的,brief短暫的,springy有彈力的。(5)關(guān)于描述動物性格特征的詞匯:ferocious猛烈的,dangerous危急的,poisonous有毒的,tame馴服的,agile活潑的,clever聰慧的,aggressive好爭斗的。(6)關(guān)于描寫動物身體部位的詞匯:fur毛皮,mane鬃毛,snout鼻子,paw爪子,hoof蹄子,tail尾巴,whiskers腮須,claw爪,鉗子,beak鳥嘴/鷹鉤鼻子,wing翅膀,feathers羽毛,scales魚鱗,horn(羊、牛等動物的)角。Ⅱ.話題情景溝通A:Birds