貴州省六盤水市水城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1貴州省六盤水市水城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatcolordoesthemanlikebest?A.Blue.B.Yellow.C.Green.2.Whenwillthespeakersgoshopping?A.ThisSunday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextSunday.3.Whatisthetemperatureinthehouse?A.29℃.B.21℃.C.20℃.4.Whatisthewoman?A.Auniversityprofessor.B.Amathteacher.C.Alibrarian.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakingnewfriendsnow?A.It’sdifficult.B.It’seasy.C.It’snormal.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Inaclassroom.B.Atamovietheater.C.Inasupermarket.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonexttime?A.Talktotheboy’sfather.B.Leavetheboyalone.C.Sitinthebackseats.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.HowdidUncleGeorgecontacttheman?A.Bymakingacall.B.Bysendingamessage.C.Bysendinganemail.9.Whatisthemangoingtodothisevening?A.Buytheballoons.B.Buyapresent.C.Makesomefood.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Teacherandparent.11.Whatdoestherecentexamfocuson?A.Listening,readingandwriting.B.Listening,readingandspeaking.C.Speaking,translationandreading.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Practiceeveryday.B.Takemoreexams.C.Buylisteningbooks.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowdoesthewomanfindDrBill’sservice?A.Goodandcheap.B.Goodbutexpensive.C.Badandexpensive.14.WhatwillthewomandoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Havedinnerwithherfriends.B.Watchamoviewiththeman.C.Haveafinalexaminationofherteeth.15.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthecinema.B.Attherestaurant.C.Atthedoctor’s.16.Whowilltakesomecake?A.David.B.Thewoman.C.Theman.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeaker’smainpurpose?A.Tointroducearacetopeople.B.Toattracttouriststovisithere.C.Toinvitepeopletowatcharace.18.Whenshouldpeoplearriveatthetownhall?A.At9:30.B.At9:45.C.At10:15.19.Whatwilleverybodygetforfreewhentheyfinish?A.Apairofshoes.B.AT-shirt.C.Amoneyprize.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeoplebring?A.Somefood.B.Anumbrella.C.Somewater.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourWonderfulHotelsinSpainHotelVillaFavoritaItisabeautiful19th-centurybuilding,thelastofitskindonLaConchaBeachinSanSebastián,Spain,nowdoingbusinessasanamazingluxury(豪華)hotel.Someroomslookoutoverthecity,whileothersfacedirectlyoúttosea.Thehotel’srestaurant,Amelia,wasownedbyafamouscookwhowouldbringthetastesofhisnativeArgentinatoSpain’sAtlanticcoast.HotelZinema7HotelZinema7isahotelthat’sallabouttheloveofmovies.It’sdesigned(設(shè)計)withtheartofcinemainmind.Thelargefilm-starimagesintheguestroomsarethemostoutstandingexample.You’llreallyadmirehowwellthewholeideahasbeenputtogether.Lookingback,itmakestotalsensebecausethehotelisactuallyinsideanold,famousmovietheatercalledtheAstoriaCinema.Thechangeintoahotelwasprettycool.NobuHotelSanSebastiánThishotelishousedinaBelleEpoque-stylebuilding,theinsidedecorated(裝飾)withamixofmodernJapanesedesignandlocaltouches.All17guestroomsofferviewsofLaConchaBay.Theroomsusesoftcolorsandsimpledesignscreatingasenseofcalm.YoucanenjoyadrinkoramealatNobuTerrace,whichoverlooksLaConchaBay.TheNobuRestaurantfeaturesJapanesetastesbyitscookNobuMatsuhisa.HotelArima&SpaThishotelinSanSebastiánisafineexampleofforward-lookinghoteldesign,combinedwithaneco-friendly,nature-firstwaythatmakesforapeacefulexperience.Thelocationplacesitatsomedistancefromthebeachesandthetowncenter,butwhatyougainismoreclosemeetwiththeMarimonforest.Theroomsfeelwarmandnatural,andmostofthemlookoutatgreenscenery.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHotelVillaFavorita?A.Itwassetupbyacook. B.ItisdesignedinJapanesestyle.C.YoucanhaveArgentinian-stylefoodthere. D.Youcanseeviewsofthecityinanyofitsrooms.2.Whichhotelwillmostprobablyattractamovielover?A.HotelVillaFavorita. B.HotelZinema7.C.NobuHotelSanSebastián. D.HotelArima&Spa.3.WhatistheideabehindthedesignofHotelArimn&Spa?A.Meetingworld-famousstars. B.Offeringspecialdiningexperience.C.Caringabouttheenvironment. D.Experiencingculturaldifferences.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了西班牙的四家精彩酒店?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thehotel’srestaurant,Amelia,wasownedbyafamouscookwhowouldbringthetastesofhisnativeArgentinatoSpain’sAtlanticcoast.(酒店的阿米莉亞餐廳的老板是一位著名的廚師，他將他的祖國阿根廷的味道帶到西班牙的大西洋海岸)”可知，這家酒店的餐廳是阿根廷風(fēng)味的，所以可以在這里吃到阿根廷風(fēng)格的食物，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HotelZinema7部分中“HotelZinema7isahotelthat’sallabouttheloveofmovies.(HotelZinema7是一家充滿對電影熱愛的酒店)”可知，HotelZinema7最有可能吸引電影愛好者，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThishotelinSanSebastiánisafineexampleofforward-lookinghoteldesign,combinedwithaneco-friendly,nature-firstwaythatmakesforapeacefulexperience.(這家位于圣Sebastián的酒店是前瞻性酒店設(shè)計的一個很好的例子，結(jié)合了生態(tài)友好，自然優(yōu)先的方式，創(chuàng)造了一個和平的體驗(yàn))”可知，HotelArima&Spa的設(shè)計理念是環(huán)保的、以自然為先的，即關(guān)心環(huán)境的，故選C。BJohnhasbeenadevotedhockey(冰球)enthusiast.Inthepastaroundtwodecadesback,John,apartofthelocaljuniorleagueteam,TheRapid,wasaninfluentialicehockeycompetitorinhishometown,evenwithaconsiderablegroupofadmirers.However,akneeinjuryinhisteenageyearsendedhishopesofacareerontheice.Yearspassed,andJohngrewintoasuccessfulbusinessman,buthisloveforhockeyneverdisappeared.Oneday,hestumbleduponanopportunitytoreviewhischildhoodpassion.TheRapidwasorganizingacharity(慈善)gametoraisemoneyforthetown’syouthsportsprogram.Johnreachedouttotheteam’smanager,MrSmith,withaspecialrequest.Hewantedtosuitupandplayasthegoaltender(守門員)foroneperiodofthegame,justforthefunofitandtoencouragetheyoungerplayers.MrSmithwasdelightedandquicklyarrangedforJohntojointheteamfortheday.ThenewsthatJohnwouldtakepartinthegamespreadlikewildfireinthetown,andthestadiumwaspackedwithexcitedsupporters.Onthebigday,Johnputonhisold,abitwornbutstillcherishedhockeyequipment(裝備).Hesteppedontotheice,feelingarushofemotionsthathehadn’tfeltindecades.Thecrowdburstintocheersashefacedthefirstshot,andwitheachsave,theenergygrew.Afterthegame,Johnsurprisedeveryonebydonatinghisgame-wornequipmentandagenerouschecktothelocalyouthsportsprogram.“Imaynothavebeenabletobecomeaprofessional,”hesaid,“butI’mhappytogivebackandhelpthesekidschasetheirdreams.”PeopleweredeeplymovedbyJohn’sselflessnessinsupportingthenextgeneration.Itwasareminderthatevenwhenourowndreamsseemoutofreach,wecanstillmakeadifferencetothelivesofothers.4.WhatendedJohn’scareerasahockeyplayer?A.Growingold. B.Hisbusinesssuccess.C.Hiskneecondition. D.Notbeinginterested.5.WhydidJohnwanttoplayinthecharitygame?A.Toshowoffhisskill. B.Toinspiretheyouth.C.Towinhishonorback. D.Tomakemoremoney.6.WhatdidJohndoafterthegame?A.Hedecidedtogiveuphockeyeversince. B.Hesaidsorryfornotbeingprofessional.C.Heaskedtocheckuphisownequipment. D.Hegaveawayhisequipmentandmoney.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohn?A.Warm-heartedandhelpful. B.Creativebutmean.C.Hard-workingandhonest. D.Kindbutimpatient.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。冰球愛好者John雖然未能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的冰球職業(yè)夢想，但通過參與慈善比賽的方式支持下一代青少年去追求夢想?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“However,akneeinjuryinhisteenageyearsendedhishopesofacareerontheice.(然而，十幾歲時的一次膝蓋受傷終結(jié)了他在冰上職業(yè)生涯的希望。)”可知，他的膝蓋受傷結(jié)束了約翰的冰球運(yùn)動員生涯。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Hewantedtosuitupandplayasthegoaltender(守門員)foroneperiodofthegame,justforthefunofitandtoencouragetheyoungerplayers.(他想穿上隊服，在比賽中擔(dān)任一段時間的守門員，只是為了好玩，也為了鼓勵年輕球員。)”可知，約翰參加慈善比賽是為了激勵年輕球員。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Afterthegame,Johnsurprisedeveryonebydonatinghisgame-wornequipmentandagenerouschecktothelocalyouthsportsprogram.(比賽結(jié)束后，約翰把他的比賽裝備和一張大額的支票捐給了當(dāng)?shù)氐那嗌倌牦w育項(xiàng)目，讓所有人都大吃一驚。)”可知，比賽結(jié)束后約翰捐贈了他的設(shè)備和錢。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，John雖然未能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的冰球職業(yè)夢想，但通過參與慈善比賽的方式支持下一代青少年去追求夢想。由此可知，他是一個熱心的、對他人有幫助的人。故選A項(xiàng)。CTheconditionsforsomeofextremefiresinrecentyearshavebecomebetween3and20timesglobally.Record-breakingfiresburnedinCanadaandturnedskiesfarawayinNewYorkorangeandgrey.ThelargestrecordedfiresintheEuropeanUnionkilled19peopleinGreece,andfiresinwesternAmazoniabroughtdirtyairtolocaltowns.AndwejustwentthroughasuperdestructivewildfireseasoninAthens,Greece,inAugust2024.Amajorreportshowsthattheamountofcarbonemissions(碳排放)fromwildfiresbetween2023and2024was8.2billiontonsofCO2.Forestwildfireswouldreleasemorecarbonemissions,poseahigherrisktopeople,andtakelongertorecover.Thereisnosingledefinitionofwhatfirecanbeanextremefire.Itcouldbemeasuredbyburnedarea,intensity,orhowunusualtheyare.“At200squarekilometres,thisyear’sfiresinGreecearemuchsmallerthanthe900squarekilometresburnedlastfireseason,butitwouldcountasanextremefire,becauseofitsclosenesstoandpotentialdamagetopeople,”saidauthorDrJoeMcNorton.WhenthisbigwildfiretearsthroughAthens,scientistsinEuropeareracingtounderstandwhyextremefireslikethisarebecomingmorecommon.Theyfindclimatechangeisthekeyfactor.Warmertemperaturesdryoutforests,whichmakeafiremorelikelytospread.Itcanalsocausemoreplantstogrow,whichprovidesmorefuel(燃料)forthefire.Humansalsoinfluencefires,likestartingthemthemselves,breakingupthelandscape,orhowwelltheyfightthem.DrJoesaysthereportwillbothguidepreparationsforwildfires,andhelptheworldunderstandthesimplefactthatfireswillkeepgettingworseuntilfossilfuelsarereplacedwithrenewableenergysources.Totackletheproblem,leadersshouldconsiderprotectingforestboundaries,reducingtheamountofnaturalfuelfire,imposingfirebansonhigh-riskdays,andinvestingmoreinearlywarningpredictionsystems.8.Howisparagraph1developed?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydiscussingsolutions. D.Byexplainingcauses.9.WhywasthefireinGreececonsideredasanextremefire?A.Itburnedaverylargearea. B.Itbroughtharmfuleffects.C.Ithadmuchcarbonemissions. D.Itlastedalongperiodoftime.10.Whatmainlycausesextremefires?A.Sizeofforests. B.Humanbehavior. C.Locationoffires. D.Climatewarming.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tackle”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Applyfor. B.Bringabout. C.Dealwith. D.Focuson.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了全球極端火災(zāi)頻發(fā)的原因，并呼吁大家積極采取應(yīng)對措施?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Theconditionsforsomeofextremefiresinrecentyearshavebecomebetween3and20timesglobally.Record-breakingfiresburnedinCanadaandturnedskiesfarawayinNewYorkorangeandgrey.ThelargestrecordedfiresintheEuropeanUnionkilled19peopleinGreece,andfiresinwesternAmazoniabroughtdirtyairtolocaltowns.AndwejustwentthroughasuperdestructivewildfireseasoninAthens,Greece,inAugust2024.(近年來，全球一些極端火災(zāi)的條件已經(jīng)增加了3到20倍。加拿大發(fā)生了破紀(jì)錄的大火，紐約的天空變成了橙色和灰色。歐盟有記錄以來最大的火災(zāi)在希臘造成19人死亡，亞馬遜西部的火災(zāi)給當(dāng)?shù)爻擎?zhèn)帶來了骯臟的空氣。2024年8月，我們剛剛在希臘雅典經(jīng)歷了一場極具破壞性的野火季節(jié))”可知，第一段主要列舉了發(fā)生極端火災(zāi)的國家或地區(qū)，所以是以舉例方式展開的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“‘At200squarekilometres,thisyear’sfiresinGreecearemuchsmallerthanthe900squarekilometresburnedlastfireseason,butitwouldcountasanextremefire,becauseofitsclosenesstoandpotentialdamagetopeople,’saidauthorDrJoeMcNorton.(DrJoeMcNorton說：‘今年希臘的火災(zāi)面積為200平方公里，比上一個火災(zāi)季節(jié)燃燒的900平方公里小得多，但由于它靠近人們并可能對人們造成傷害，因此將被視為極端火災(zāi)?！?”可知，希臘今年的火災(zāi)面積遠(yuǎn)小于上一火災(zāi)季的面積，但由于該火災(zāi)靠近人類居住區(qū)，并且可能對人們造成傷害，帶來了有害的影響，因此也算是極端火災(zāi)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theyfindclimatechangeisthekeyfactor.Warmertemperaturesdryoutforests,whichmakeafiremorelikelytospread.Itcanalsocausemoreplantstogrow,whichprovidesmorefuel(燃料)forthefire.Humansalsoinfluencefires,likestartingthemthemselves,breakingupthelandscape,orhowwelltheyfightthem.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變化是關(guān)鍵因素。氣溫升高會使森林干涸，從而使火災(zāi)更有可能蔓延。它還可以導(dǎo)致更多的植物生長，從而為火災(zāi)提供更多的燃料。人類也會影響火災(zāi)，比如自己生火、破壞景觀，或者他們撲滅火災(zāi)的程度)”可知，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變暖是造成極端火災(zāi)數(shù)量增加的關(guān)鍵因素。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Totackletheproblem,leadersshouldconsiderprotectingforestboundaries,reducingtheamountofnaturalfuelfire,imposingfirebansonhigh-riskdays,andinvestingmoreinearlywarningpredictionsystems.(為了tackle這個問題，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)該考慮保護(hù)森林邊界，減少天然燃料火災(zāi)的數(shù)量，在高風(fēng)險的日子里實(shí)施防火令，并加大對預(yù)警預(yù)測系統(tǒng)的投資)”可知，采取上述這些措施都是為了處理極端火災(zāi)頻發(fā)的問題，因此，tackle意為“處理”的意思。故選C項(xiàng)。DSpanishscientistPilarBoschhasfoundawaytousebacteria(細(xì)菌)torepair18th-centurypaintings.Bosch,amicrobiologist,saidthatshegottheideaforthemethodwhileconsideringpossibilitiesforapapertowardherdoctoraldegree.Duringthisprocess,shediscoveredsomeoneelse’spaperthatsuggestedbacteriacanbeusedtorepairartworks.Ataroundthesametime,Boschlearnedthathermother,PilarRoig,wasstrugglingtofindagoodmethodforrepairing18th-centurypaintings.Thepaintings,bySpanishartistAntonioPalomino,satinSantosJuanes—oneoftheoldestchurchesinthecityofValencia.PilarRoignotedhowdifficulttherepairprocessatthechurchwas.Onereasonwastheglue(膠水)usedtoremovethepaintingsfromthewallsinthe1960s.Thegluewasnearlyimpossibletoremovecompletely.“MymotherhadaverydifficultproblemtosolveandIfoundapaperaboutbacteriausedtocleanpaintingsonwallsinItaly,”Boschsaid.Boschaddedshedecidedtowriteherdoctoralpaperonthesamesubject.Today,shegetstoworkwithhermotheronthechurchrepair.Theyareusingthebacteriamethodtoremovegluefromartworks.The$4.46millionprojectisbeingfinancedbylocalorganizations.Torepair,theyfeedsmallamountsofthegluethatwasmadefromanimalcollagen(膠原蛋白)tothebacteria.Afteratime,thebacteriabegintonaturallyproduceenzymes(酶)tobreakdowntheglue.Themother-daughterteamthenmixesthebacteriawithanaturalalgae-basedsubstance,calledagel(凝膠),andplacesitontothepaintings.Afteraboutthreehours,thegelmixtureisremoved,leavingthepaintingsglue-free.Bosch’smother,now75,notedthatinthepast,peopleworkingonrepairingartworkshadtousetraditionalcleaningmethodsthattookhoursanddamagedthepainting.Boschisnowtrainingotherscientiststouseadifferentkindofbacteriatoclearwallsofpaintedgraffiti.12.HowdidBoschfindthewaytorepairoldpaintings?A.Hermotherinspiredher. B.Herdoctorinstructedher.C.Shetesteditoutbymanyexperiments. D.Shefounditwhenpreparingherpaper.13.Whatmadeitdifficulttorepairtheoldpaintings?A.Nothavingenoughmoney. B.Thehistoryofthechurches.C.Thegluethatwasonceused. D.Experienceofpastfailures.14.Whatisparagraph4centeredon?A.Theprocessofcleaningthepaintings.B.Thenecessityofrepa?ringthepaintings.C.Thechallengesfacingthemother-daughterteam.D.Thematerialsthatareusedtocleanthepaintings.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BacteriaRemovalProcessIsWidelyUsedinSpain.B.SpanishScientistUsesBacteriatoRepairArtworks.C.OldArtworksAreLikelytoBeRepairedwithBacteria.D.SpanishMother-DaughterTeamDiscoveredAPainting.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了西班牙科學(xué)家PilarBosch如何通過細(xì)菌來修復(fù)18世紀(jì)畫作?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Bosch,amicrobiologist,saidthatshegottheideaforthemethodwhileconsideringpossibilitiesforapapertowardherdoctoraldegree.(Bosch是一名微生物學(xué)家，她說，她在考慮寫一篇博士論文的可能性時，想到了這種方法)”可知，Bosch在為她的博士論文準(zhǔn)備資料時發(fā)現(xiàn)了關(guān)于用細(xì)菌修復(fù)藝術(shù)品的研究。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onereasonwastheglue(膠水)usedtoremovethepaintingsfromthewallsinthe1960s.Thegluewasnearlyimpossibletoremovecompletely.(其中一個原因是20世紀(jì)60年代用來從墻上移除畫作的膠水。膠水幾乎不可能完全去除)”可知，，修復(fù)工作困難的原因之一是20世紀(jì)60年代使用的膠水很難完全去除。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Torepair,theyfeedsmallamountsofthegluethatwasmadefromanimalcollagen(膠原蛋白)tothebacteria.Afteratime,thebacteriabegintonaturallyproduceenzymes(酶)tobreakdowntheglue.Themother-daughterteamthenmixesthebacteriawithanaturalalgae-basedsubstance,calledagel(凝膠),andplacesitontothepaintings.Afteraboutthreehours,thegelmixtureisremoved,leavingthepaintingsglue-free.(為了修復(fù)，他們將少量由動物膠原蛋白制成的膠水喂給細(xì)菌。一段時間后，細(xì)菌開始自然地產(chǎn)生酶來分解膠水。然后，這對母女團(tuán)隊將細(xì)菌與一種稱為凝膠的天然藻類物質(zhì)混合，并將其放置在畫作上。大約三小時后，除去凝膠混合物，使畫作無膠)”可知，第四段詳細(xì)描述了使用細(xì)菌清洗繪畫的過程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“SpanishscientistPilarBoschhasfoundawaytousebacteria(細(xì)菌)torepair18th-centurypaintings.(西班牙科學(xué)PilarBosch發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種利用細(xì)菌修復(fù)18世紀(jì)畫作的方法)”可知，文章主要介紹了西班牙科學(xué)家PilarBosch如何通過細(xì)菌來修復(fù)18世紀(jì)畫作，所以題目“西班牙科學(xué)家用細(xì)菌修復(fù)藝術(shù)品”與本文的主題吻合，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Runningmistakescanhappentoeveryoneatsomepointduringtrainingandracing,andtheywillleadtoinjuries.___16___.WearingthewrongshoesWearingacomfortablepairofrunningshoesisagood,startingpoint.Thewrongtypeofrunningshoescanruinyourworkoutplan.Ifyouhaveahistoryofrunninginjuries,thereisnoeasyanswerwithoutatrainedprofessionalwatchingthewayyourunandmakingarecommendationtoyou.___17___.Doingtoomuch,toosoon___18___.Theygetsoexcitedabouttheirrunningthattheydotoomuchmileage(英里里程)andtoofast,toosoon,withouttakinganytimeofftorestandrecover.Asaresult,theydevelopcommonoveruserunninginjuries.Runlessoften,forshortertimes,andataslowerpacethanyouthinkyoushould,especiallyearlyoninyourdevelopment.Takingoverlylongstrides(大步)Somerunnersthinkthatalongerstridewillimprovetheirspeedorrunningefficiency,butthat’snotthecase.Overstridingwastesenergysinceitmeansyou’rebreakingwitheachfootfall.Makesurethatyoudon’tlungeforwardwithyourfeetandyourfeetaredirectlyunderneathyourbodywitheverystep.___19___.Ashort,lowarmswingisthekeytokeepingyourstrideshortandclosetotheground.___20___Somerunnersswingtheirarmsside-to-side,whichmakesthemmorelikelytonotbreatheasefficiently.Somebeginnersareeasytoholdtheirhandswayupbytheirchest,especiallyastheygettired.You’llactuallyfeelmoretiredinyourshouldersandneckbyholdingyourarmsthatway.Trytokeepyourhandsatwaistlevel,rightaboutwheretheymightlightlybrushyourhip.A.LandinglikearockB.HavingbadupperbodyformC.ThisisespeciallyimportantwhenrunningdownhillD.YoucanchoosetherightshoesinadvancetostartthatraceE.Therefore,it’simportanttoknowwhattheyareandhowyoucanfixthemF.Ifpossible,thebestchoiceistocreateuniqueshoesjustsuitableforyourfeetG.Manynewrunnersmistakenlythinkthatmoreisbetterwhenitcomestorunning【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了跑步中常犯錯誤及如何避免?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Runningmistakescanhappentoeveryoneatsomepointduringtrainingandracing,andtheywillleadtoinjuries.(每個人在訓(xùn)練和比賽過程中都會出現(xiàn)跑步錯誤，并且會導(dǎo)致受傷。)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出了解跑步錯誤的重要性。故E選項(xiàng)“因此，了解它們是什么以及如何解決它們是很重要的”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wearingacomfortablepairofrunningshoesisagood,startingpoint.Thewrongtypeofrunningshoescanruinyourworkoutplan.Ifyouhaveahistoryofrunninginjuries,thereisnoeasyanswerwithoutatrainedprofessionalwatchingthewayyourunandmakingarecommendationtoyou.(穿一雙舒適的跑鞋是一個好的開始。不合適的跑鞋會毀了你的鍛煉計劃。如果你有跑步受傷的歷史，沒有訓(xùn)練有素的專業(yè)人士觀察你跑步的方式并向你提出建議，沒有簡單的答案。)”可知，上文提到需要專業(yè)人士推薦合適的跑鞋，說明要選擇適合自己腳的鞋子。故F選項(xiàng)“如果可能的話，最好的選擇是制作適合你腳的獨(dú)特鞋子”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Doingtoomuch,toosoon(做得太多，太快)”以及后文“Theygetsoexcitedabouttheirrunningthattheydotoomuchmileage(英里里程)andtoofast,toosoon,withouttakinganytimeofftorestandrecover.Asaresult,theydevelopcommonoveruserunninginjuries.Runlessoften,forshortertimes,andataslowerpacethanyouthinkyoushould,especiallyearlyoninyourdevelopment.(他們對跑步太過興奮，以至于跑了太多的里程，跑得太快，太快，沒有任何休息和恢復(fù)的時間。結(jié)果，他們產(chǎn)生了常見的過度使用跑步損傷。跑步的次數(shù)要少，時間要短，速度要比你認(rèn)為的要慢，尤其是在開發(fā)的早期。)”可知，本段說明了許多新跑者會犯的一個錯誤，即一開始就跑得太多太快，故G選項(xiàng)“很多跑步新手錯誤地認(rèn)為跑步越多越好”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Makesurethatyoudon’tlungeforwardwithyourfeetandyourfeetaredirectlyunderneathyourbodywitheverystep.(確保你的腳不要向前沖，每一步你的腳都在你身體的正下方。)”以及后文“Ashort,lowarmswingisthekeytokeepingyourstrideshortandclosetotheground.(一個短而低的手臂擺動是保持你的步幅短和接近地面的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，上文強(qiáng)調(diào)跑步時的著地方式，本句需要呼應(yīng)前文，同時引出下文對正確跑步姿勢的進(jìn)一步說明，故A選項(xiàng)“像石頭一樣落地”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somerunnersswingtheirarmsside-to-side,whichmakesthemmorelikelytonotbreatheasefficiently.Somebeginnersareeasytoholdtheirhandswayupbytheirchest,especiallyastheygettired.You’llactuallyfeelmoretiredinyourshouldersandneckbyholdingyourarmsthatway.Trytokeepyourhandsatwaistlevel,rightaboutwheretheymightlightlybrushyourhip.(一些跑步者左右擺動手臂，這使他們更有可能不能有效地呼吸。一些初學(xué)者很容易把手舉到胸部，尤其是當(dāng)他們累了的時候。這樣抱胳膊，你的肩膀和脖子會感覺更累。試著把你的手放在腰的水平，就在它們可能輕輕擦過你臀部的地方。)”可知，這一段主要講述的是跑步時上半身姿勢不正確的問題，包括手臂的擺動和手的位置等，故B選項(xiàng)“上半身姿勢不正確”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JohnnyWardwantedtobefree.Hehadthoughtthefreesthecouldbewastovisitevery___21___.Ithadbeenahugegoaloveradecade.However,oncehe___22___tofinishthat,hewasabitlost.Hestartedeatingbadly,drinkingtoomuchandgaining___23___,andheignoredhisbusiness.Wardthoughtthatthebestwaytostopthiswasto___24___himselfagain.Wardsethissightsonanother___25___achievement,TheExplorer’sGrandSlam.Tomakeit,___26___mustbothvisittheNorthandSouthPolesandclimbthehighestsummitonallsevencontinents.WhenWardrealizedthe___27___ofbecomingthefirstpersontobothvisiteverycountryandcompleteTheExplorer’sGrandSlam,heimmediatelydecidedto___28___it.Hespentsevenyearsclimbingtowardshisgoal.AccordingtoWard,themost___29___aspectofthesechallengeswasn’tnecessarilytrainingorfitness,buthavingthemoneytotakethemon.To___30___histravels,hetaughtEnglishinThailandandRepublicofKorea,workedinAustraliaandevensignedupformedicalresearch.Throughouthisjourney,helaunchedOneStep4Ward,ablogthat___31___histravel,whichearnedhimconsiderablefame.Wardisgoingtostartawebsiteto___32___othersnowaftercompletingTheUltimateExplorersGrandSlam,and___33___,hewon’tbetheonlyoneforlong.Wardsaid,“Anyonehastheabilitytoturntheir___34___intoreality.Allrewards(回報)follow___35___,andIwanttoexpressthatmessagetoothers.”21.A.town B.city C.country D.village22.A.managed B.failed C.promised D.tried23.A.honor B.weight C.support D.power24.A.contact B.calm C.enjoy D.challenge25.A.imaginable B.unbelievable C.mistaken D.reasonable26.A.scientists B.guides C.adventurers D.locals27.A.possibility B.problem C.duty D.cause28.A.giveaway B.gofor C.checkup D.takeon29.A.attractive B.unique C.official D.difficult30.A.shorten B.plan C.afford D.recognize31.A.affected B.divided C.shared D.canceled32.A.encourage B.impress C.cheat D.compare33.A.importantly B.finally C.surely D.hopefully34.A.dream B.balance C.excuse D.task35.A.words B.hardships C.injuries D.debates【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.C32.A33.D34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了JohnnyWard追求自由、挑戰(zhàn)自我、實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想的故事，通過他的經(jīng)歷和感悟，鼓勵人們勇敢追求夢想并面對挑戰(zhàn)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他原以為最自由的方式就是走遍每一個國家。A.town城鎮(zhèn)；B.city城市；C.country國家；D.village村莊。根據(jù)后文“WhenWardrealizedtheofbecomingthefirstpersontobothvisiteverycountryandcompleteTheExplorer’sGrandSlam”可知，他走遍每一個國家。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一旦他設(shè)法完成，他有點(diǎn)迷失了。A.managed設(shè)法做到；B.failed失??；C.promised承諾；D.tried嘗試。根據(jù)后文“Wardsethissightsonanotherachievement,TheExplorer’sGrandSlam.”可知，Ward把目光投向了另一項(xiàng)成就，所以此處應(yīng)是完成了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他開始吃得不好，喝得太多，體重增加，他忽略了自己的生意。A.honor榮譽(yù)；B.weight重量；C.support支持；D.power力量。根據(jù)前文“Hestartedeatingbadly,drinkingtoomuch”可知，他開始吃得不好，喝得太多，結(jié)合常識，應(yīng)是體重增加。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Ward認(rèn)為阻止這一切的最好辦法就是再次挑戰(zhàn)自己。A.contact聯(lián)系；B.calm使平靜；C.enjoy享受；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)后文“Wardsethissightsonanotherachievement,TheExplorer’sGrandSlam.”可知，Ward把目光投向了另一個令人難以置信的成就，所以是再次挑戰(zhàn)自己。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Ward把目光投向了另一個令人難以置信的成就，探險家的大滿貫。A.imaginable可想象的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.mistaken錯誤的；D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)后文“Tomakeit,mustbothvisittheNorthandSouthPolesandclimbthehighestsummitonallsevencontinents.”可知，必須訪問北極和南極，并登上所有七大洲的最高峰，這些是難以置信的成就。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了達(dá)到這一目標(biāo)，冒險家們必須訪問北極和南極，并登上所有七大洲的最高峰。A.scientists科學(xué)家；B.guides導(dǎo)游；C.adventurers冒險家；D.locals當(dāng)?shù)厝?。根?jù)前文“TheExplorer’sGrandSlam”可知，這是探險家的大滿貫，所以應(yīng)是要求冒險家們必須訪問北極和南極，并登上所有七大洲的最高峰。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Ward意識到有可能成為第一個既走遍每個國家又完成探險家大滿貫的人時，他立即決定去做。A.possibility可能性；B.problem問題；C.duty職責(zé)；D.cause原因。根據(jù)后文“becomingthefirstpersontobothvisiteverycountryandcompleteTheExplorer’sGrandSlam”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是“有可能成為第一個既走遍每個國家又完成探險家大滿貫的人”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)Ward意識到有可能成為第一個既走遍每個國家又完成探險家大滿貫的人時，他立即決定去做。A.giveaway贈送；B.gofor盡力爭??；C.checkup檢查；D.takeon承擔(dān)。根據(jù)前文“WhenWardrealizedtheofbecomingthefirstpersontobothvisiteverycountryandcompleteTheExplorer’sGrandSlam”可知，Ward意識到有可能成為第一個既走遍每個國家又完成探險家大滿貫的人，所以應(yīng)是立即決定去做。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)Ward的說法，這些挑戰(zhàn)中最困難的方面不一定是訓(xùn)練或健身，而是有錢去做。A.attractive吸引人的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.official官方的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)后文“thesechallengeswasn’tnecessarilytrainingorfitness,buthavingthemoneytotakethemon”可知，挑戰(zhàn)應(yīng)該是困難的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了支付旅行費(fèi)用，他在泰國和韓國教英語，在澳大利亞工作，甚至報名參加醫(yī)學(xué)研究。A.shorten縮短；B.plan