河南省2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期選科考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期選科考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisevening?A.Playtennis.B.Goswimming.C.Watchafootballmatch.2.Whatlanguagedoesthemanwanttolearn?A.English.B.Chinese.C.French.3.Whatcolordressdoesthewomanwant?A.Red.B.Brown.C.Yellow.4.Whomightthemanbe?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Alibrarian.5.Howmanyextrahourswillthemanworkthisweek?A.Three.B.Two.C.One.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhenwillthewomangetoffworkonFriday?A.At3:00pm.B.At5:00pm.C.At8:00pm.7.WhatwillthewomandofirstafterworkonFriday?A.Sleepforawhile.B.Buysometickets.C.Pickuptheman’smother.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanpayattentionto?A.Thetime.B.Thecost.C.Theweather.9.Howarethespeakersgoingthere?A.Intheman’scar.B.Intherentedcar.C.InJim’scar.10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Strangers.C.Friends.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtochoosebooks.B.Howtoopenabookstore.C.Howtoattractmorecustomers.12.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoputoutside?A.Somemagazines.B.Aposteraboutwhattheyoffer.C.Ablackboardshowingspecialprices.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestshowingcustomers?A.Artprojects.B.Funnybooks.C.Popularpaintings.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatexamisthemanworriedabout?A.History.B.Chemistry.C.Maths.15.Whatskilldoesthewomanneedtoimprove?A.Studyingforexams.B.Writingessays.C.Finishingprojects.16.Howmuchofthespeakers’gradesdependsontheirexamresults?A.60%.B.30%.C.10%.17.Whatwillthewomandotohelptheman?A.Helphimstudyforhisexam.B.Contacthimonsocialmedia.C.Lendhimausefulbook.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatmightthespeaker’sjobbe?A.Aphotographer.B.Atourguide.C.Awriter.19.Whereisthespeakernow?A.Inthehall.B.IntheEgyptiansection.C.IntheEuropeansection.20.WhydoesthespeakerliketheAsiansection?A.Someoftheitemsareborrowed.B.Everythinghasawonderfulstory.C.Ithastheoldestartofhumanbeings.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AJoinOurCommunityFitnessProgram!Areyoulookingforawaytostayactiveandhealthy?OurCommunityFitnessProgramoffersavarietyofactivitiesdesignedtohelpyouachieveyourfitnessgoals.Whetheryouareabeginneroranexperiencedathlete,wehavesomethingforyou.Herearesomehighlightsofourprogram:FitnessActivities:●Yoga(瑜伽)Classes:Ouryogasessionsareperfectforimprovingflexibility,balance,andmentalwell-being.Classesareheldeverymorningandevening,cateringtodifferentskilllevels.●CardioWorkouts:Joinourhigh-energycardioworkoutstoburncaloriesandimprovecardiovascularhealth.Thesesessionsincludeactivitieslikerunning,cycling,andaerobics.●StrengthTraining:Increasestrengthwithourguidedstrengthtrainingsessions.Weprovideallnecessaryequipmentandprofessionaltrainerstoensureyouexercisesafelyandeffectively.●Swimming:Enjoyourindoorswimmingpool,availableforbothsportfulswimmingandcompetitivetraining.Swimmingisagreatfull-bodyworkoutthatisgentleonthejoints.ProgramBenefits:●HealthandWellness:Regularphysicalactivitiesareessentialformaintaininggoodhealth.Ourprogramhelpsyoustayfit,reducestress,andimproveoverallwell-being.●CommunityEngagement:Meetnewfriendsandbecomepartofasupportivecommunity.Ourgroupactivitiesfosterasenseofbelongingandteamwork.●FlexibleSchedule:Weofferavarietyofclassesandactivitiesthroughouttheweek,makingiteasytofitfitnessintoyourbusyschedule.●AffordableMembership:Ourmembershipfeesareaffordable,withspecialdiscounts(折扣)forstudentsandfamilies.Webelievethateveryoneshouldhaveaccesstoqualityfitnessprograms.SpecialOffer:Signupbeforetheendofthismonthandreceiveafreefitnessassessmentandpersonalizedworkoutplan!Don’tmissthisopportunitytostartyourfitnessjourneywithus.StayActive!StayHealthy!1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toprovidedietaryadvice.B.Toapplyforasportsevent.C.Tointroduceacommunityfitnessprogram.D.Todescribedifferenttypesoftrainingequipment.2.WhatisoneofthebenefitsofjoiningtheCommunityFitnessProgram?A.Freemeals. B.Meetingnewfriends.C.Travelingopportunities. D.Discountforallmembership.3.Whatspecialofferisforthosewhosignupbeforetheendofthemonth?A.Freesportsequipment. B.Freeyogaclassesforayear.C.Freemembershipforafriend. D.Freepersonalizedworkoutplans.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)社區(qū)健身項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Areyoulookingforawaytostayactiveandhealthy?OurCommunityFitnessProgramoffersavarietyofactivitiesdesignedtohelpyouachieveyourfitnessgoals.Whetheryouareabeginneroranexperiencedathlete,wehavesomethingforyou.Herearesomehighlightsofourprogram(你正在尋找一種保持活躍和健康的方法嗎？我們的社區(qū)健身計(jì)劃提供各種活動(dòng)，旨在幫助您實(shí)現(xiàn)健身目標(biāo)。無(wú)論您是初學(xué)者還是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，我們都有適合您的東西。以下是我們項(xiàng)目的一些亮點(diǎn))”可知，文章的主要目的是介紹一個(gè)社區(qū)的健身項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProgramBenefits部分的第二段“CommunityEngagement:Meetnewfriendsandbecomepartofasupportivecommunity.(社區(qū)參與：結(jié)識(shí)新朋友，成為支持性社區(qū)的一部分)”可知，參加社區(qū)健身計(jì)劃的好處之一是能夠結(jié)交新朋友。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SpecialOffer部分的第一句“Signupbeforetheendofthismonthandreceiveafreefitnessassessmentandpersonalizedworkoutplan!(在本月底之前注冊(cè)，并獲得免費(fèi)的健身評(píng)估和個(gè)性化的鍛煉計(jì)劃！)”可知，月底前報(bào)名的特別優(yōu)惠是得到免費(fèi)的個(gè)性化鍛煉計(jì)劃。故選D項(xiàng)。BJohnhasbeenadevotedhockey(冰球)enthusiast.Inthepastaroundtwodecadesback,John,apartofthelocaljuniorleagueteam,TheRapid,wasaninfluentialicehockeycompetitorinhishometown,evenwithaconsiderablegroupofadmirers.However,akneeinjuryinhisteenageyearsendedhishopesofacareerontheice.Yearspassed,andJohngrewintoasuccessfulbusinessman,buthisloveforhockeyneverdisappeared.Oneday,hestumbleduponanopportunitytoreviewhischildhoodpassion.TheRapidwasorganizingacharity(慈善)gametoraisemoneyforthetown’syouthsportsprogram.Johnreachedouttotheteam’smanager,MrSmith,withaspecialrequest.Hewantedtosuitupandplayasthegoaltender(守門(mén)員)foroneperiodofthegame,justforthefunofitandtoencouragetheyoungerplayers.MrSmithwasdelightedandquicklyarrangedforJohntojointheteamfortheday.ThenewsthatJohnwouldtakepartinthegamespreadlikewildfireinthetown,andthestadiumwaspackedwithexcitedsupporters.Onthebigday,Johnputonhisold,abitwornbutstillcherishedhockeyequipment(裝備).Hesteppedontotheice,feelingarushofemotionsthathehadn’tfeltindecades.Thecrowdburstintocheersashefacedthefirstshot,andwitheachsave,theenergygrew.Afterthegame,Johnsurprisedeveryonebydonatinghisgame-wornequipmentandagenerouschecktothelocalyouthsportsprogram.“Imaynothavebeenabletobecomeaprofessional,”hesaid,“butI’mhappytogivebackandhelpthesekidschasetheirdreams.”P(pán)eopleweredeeplymovedbyJohn’sselflessnessinsupportingthenextgeneration.Itwasareminderthatevenwhenourowndreamsseemoutofreach,wecanstillmakeadifferencetothelivesofothers.4.WhatendedJohn’scareerasahockeyplayer?A.Growingold. B.Hisbusinesssuccess.C.Hiskneecondition. D.Notbeinginterested.5.WhydidJohnwanttoplayinthecharitygame?A.Toshowoffhisskill. B.Toinspiretheyouth.C.Towinhishonorback. D.Tomakemoremoney.6.WhatdidJohndoafterthegame?A.Hedecidedtogiveuphockeyeversince. B.Hesaidsorryfornotbeingprofessional.C.Heaskedtocheckuphisownequipment. D.Hegaveawayhisequipmentandmoney.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJohn?A.Warm-heartedandhelpful. B.Creativebutmean.C.Hard-workingandhonest. D.Kindbutimpatient.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。冰球愛(ài)好者John雖然未能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的冰球職業(yè)夢(mèng)想，但通過(guò)參與慈善比賽的方式支持下一代青少年去追求夢(mèng)想?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“However,akneeinjuryinhisteenageyearsendedhishopesofacareerontheice.(然而，十幾歲時(shí)的一次膝蓋受傷終結(jié)了他在冰上職業(yè)生涯的希望。)”可知，他的膝蓋受傷結(jié)束了約翰的冰球運(yùn)動(dòng)員生涯。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Hewantedtosuitupandplayasthegoaltender(守門(mén)員)foroneperiodofthegame,justforthefunofitandtoencouragetheyoungerplayers.(他想穿上隊(duì)服，在比賽中擔(dān)任一段時(shí)間的守門(mén)員，只是為了好玩，也為了鼓勵(lì)年輕球員。)”可知，約翰參加慈善比賽是為了激勵(lì)年輕球員。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Afterthegame,Johnsurprisedeveryonebydonatinghisgame-wornequipmentandagenerouschecktothelocalyouthsportsprogram.(比賽結(jié)束后，約翰把他的比賽裝備和一張大額的支票捐給了當(dāng)?shù)氐那嗌倌牦w育項(xiàng)目，讓所有人都大吃一驚。)”可知，比賽結(jié)束后約翰捐贈(zèng)了他的設(shè)備和錢(qián)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，John雖然未能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的冰球職業(yè)夢(mèng)想，但通過(guò)參與慈善比賽的方式支持下一代青少年去追求夢(mèng)想。由此可知，他是一個(gè)熱心的、對(duì)他人有幫助的人。故選A項(xiàng)。CTheconditionsforsomeofextremefiresinrecentyearshavebecomebetween3and20timesglobally.Record-breakingfiresburnedinCanadaandturnedskiesfarawayinNewYorkorangeandgrey.ThelargestrecordedfiresintheEuropeanUnionkilled19peopleinGreece,andfiresinwesternAmazoniabroughtdirtyairtolocaltowns.AndwejustwentthroughasuperdestructivewildfireseasoninAthens,Greece,inAugust2024.Amajorreportshowsthattheamountofcarbonemissions(碳排放)fromwildfiresbetween2023and2024was8.2billiontonsofCO2.Forestwildfireswouldreleasemorecarbonemissions,poseahigherrisktopeople,andtakelongertorecover.Thereisnosingledefinitionofwhatfirecanbeanextremefire.Itcouldbemeasuredbyburnedarea,intensity,orhowunusualtheyare.“At200squarekilometres,thisyear’sfiresinGreecearemuchsmallerthanthe900squarekilometresburnedlastfireseason,butitwouldcountasanextremefire,becauseofitsclosenesstoandpotentialdamagetopeople,”saidauthorDrJoeMcNorton.WhenthisbigwildfiretearsthroughAthens,scientistsinEuropeareracingtounderstandwhyextremefireslikethisarebecomingmorecommon.Theyfindclimatechangeisthekeyfactor.Warmertemperaturesdryoutforests,whichmakeafiremorelikelytospread.Itcanalsocausemoreplantstogrow,whichprovidesmorefuel(燃料)forthefire.Humansalsoinfluencefires,likestartingthemthemselves,breakingupthelandscape,orhowwelltheyfightthem.DrJoesaysthereportwillbothguidepreparationsforwildfires,andhelptheworldunderstandthesimplefactthatfireswillkeepgettingworseuntilfossilfuelsarereplacedwithrenewableenergysources.Totackletheproblem,leadersshouldconsiderprotectingforestboundaries,reducingtheamountofnaturalfuelfire,imposingfirebansonhigh-riskdays,andinvestingmoreinearlywarningpredictionsystems.8.Howisparagraph1developed?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydiscussingsolutions. D.Byexplainingcauses.9.WhywasthefireinGreececonsideredasanextremefire?A.Itburnedaverylargearea. B.Itbroughtharmfuleffects.C.Ithadmuchcarbonemissions. D.Itlastedalongperiodoftime.10.Whatmainlycausesextremefires?A.Sizeofforests. B.Humanbehavior. C.Locationoffires. D.Climatewarming.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tackle”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Applyfor. B.Bringabout. C.Dealwith. D.Focuson.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了全球極端火災(zāi)頻發(fā)的原因，并呼吁大家積極采取應(yīng)對(duì)措施?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Theconditionsforsomeofextremefiresinrecentyearshavebecomebetween3and20timesglobally.Record-breakingfiresburnedinCanadaandturnedskiesfarawayinNewYorkorangeandgrey.ThelargestrecordedfiresintheEuropeanUnionkilled19peopleinGreece,andfiresinwesternAmazoniabroughtdirtyairtolocaltowns.AndwejustwentthroughasuperdestructivewildfireseasoninAthens,Greece,inAugust2024.(近年來(lái)，全球一些極端火災(zāi)的條件已經(jīng)增加了3到20倍。加拿大發(fā)生了破紀(jì)錄的大火，紐約的天空變成了橙色和灰色。歐盟有記錄以來(lái)最大的火災(zāi)在希臘造成19人死亡，亞馬遜西部的火災(zāi)給當(dāng)?shù)爻擎?zhèn)帶來(lái)了骯臟的空氣。2024年8月，我們剛剛在希臘雅典經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)極具破壞性的野火季節(jié))”可知，第一段主要列舉了發(fā)生極端火災(zāi)的國(guó)家或地區(qū)，所以是以舉例方式展開(kāi)的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“‘At200squarekilometres,thisyear’sfiresinGreecearemuchsmallerthanthe900squarekilometresburnedlastfireseason,butitwouldcountasanextremefire,becauseofitsclosenesstoandpotentialdamagetopeople,’saidauthorDrJoeMcNorton.(DrJoeMcNorton說(shuō)：‘今年希臘的火災(zāi)面積為200平方公里，比上一個(gè)火災(zāi)季節(jié)燃燒的900平方公里小得多，但由于它靠近人們并可能對(duì)人們?cè)斐蓚?，因此將被視為極端火災(zāi)?！?”可知，希臘今年的火災(zāi)面積遠(yuǎn)小于上一火災(zāi)季的面積，但由于該火災(zāi)靠近人類居住區(qū)，并且可能對(duì)人們?cè)斐蓚?，帶?lái)了有害的影響，因此也算是極端火災(zāi)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theyfindclimatechangeisthekeyfactor.Warmertemperaturesdryoutforests,whichmakeafiremorelikelytospread.Itcanalsocausemoreplantstogrow,whichprovidesmorefuel(燃料)forthefire.Humansalsoinfluencefires,likestartingthemthemselves,breakingupthelandscape,orhowwelltheyfightthem.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變化是關(guān)鍵因素。氣溫升高會(huì)使森林干涸，從而使火災(zāi)更有可能蔓延。它還可以導(dǎo)致更多的植物生長(zhǎng)，從而為火災(zāi)提供更多的燃料。人類也會(huì)影響火災(zāi)，比如自己生火、破壞景觀，或者他們撲滅火災(zāi)的程度)”可知，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變暖是造成極端火災(zāi)數(shù)量增加的關(guān)鍵因素。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Totackletheproblem,leadersshouldconsiderprotectingforestboundaries,reducingtheamountofnaturalfuelfire,imposingfirebansonhigh-riskdays,andinvestingmoreinearlywarningpredictionsystems.(為了tackle這個(gè)問(wèn)題，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)該考慮保護(hù)森林邊界，減少天然燃料火災(zāi)的數(shù)量，在高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的日子里實(shí)施防火令，并加大對(duì)預(yù)警預(yù)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的投資)”可知，采取上述這些措施都是為了處理極端火災(zāi)頻發(fā)的問(wèn)題，因此，tackle意為“處理”的意思。故選C項(xiàng)。DSpanishscientistPilarBoschhasfoundawaytousebacteria(細(xì)菌)torepair18th-centurypaintings.Bosch,amicrobiologist,saidthatshegottheideaforthemethodwhileconsideringpossibilitiesforapapertowardherdoctoraldegree.Duringthisprocess,shediscoveredsomeoneelse’spaperthatsuggestedbacteriacanbeusedtorepairartworks.Ataroundthesametime,Boschlearnedthathermother,PilarRoig,wasstrugglingtofindagoodmethodforrepairing18th-centurypaintings.Thepaintings,bySpanishartistAntonioPalomino,satinSantosJuanes—oneoftheoldestchurchesinthecityofValencia.PilarRoignotedhowdifficulttherepairprocessatthechurchwas.Onereasonwastheglue(膠水)usedtoremovethepaintingsfromthewallsinthe1960s.Thegluewasnearlyimpossibletoremovecompletely.“MymotherhadaverydifficultproblemtosolveandIfoundapaperaboutbacteriausedtocleanpaintingsonwallsinItaly,”Boschsaid.Boschaddedshedecidedtowriteherdoctoralpaperonthesamesubject.Today,shegetstoworkwithhermotheronthechurchrepair.Theyareusingthebacteriamethodtoremovegluefromartworks.The$4.46millionprojectisbeingfinancedbylocalorganizations.Torepair,theyfeedsmallamountsofthegluethatwasmadefromanimalcollagen(膠原蛋白)tothebacteria.Afteratime,thebacteriabegintonaturallyproduceenzymes(酶)tobreakdowntheglue.Themother-daughterteamthenmixesthebacteriawithanaturalalgae-basedsubstance,calledagel(凝膠),andplacesitontothepaintings.Afteraboutthreehours,thegelmixtureisremoved,leavingthepaintingsglue-free.Bosch’smother,now75,notedthatinthepast,peopleworkingonrepairingartworkshadtousetraditionalcleaningmethodsthattookhoursanddamagedthepainting.Boschisnowtrainingotherscientiststouseadifferentkindofbacteriatoclearwallsofpaintedgraffiti.12.HowdidBoschfindthewaytorepairoldpaintings?A.Hermotherinspiredher. B.Herdoctorinstructedher.C.Shetesteditoutbymanyexperiments. D.Shefounditwhenpreparingherpaper.13.Whatmadeitdifficulttorepairtheoldpaintings?A.Nothavingenoughmoney. B.Thehistoryofthechurches.C.Thegluethatwasonceused. D.Experienceofpastfailures.14.Whatisparagraph4centeredon?A.Theprocessofcleaningthepaintings.B.Thenecessityofrepa?ringthepaintings.C.Thechallengesfacingthemother-daughterteam.D.Thematerialsthatareusedtocleanthepaintings.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BacteriaRemovalProcessIsWidelyUsedinSpain.B.SpanishScientistUsesBacteriatoRepairArtworks.C.OldArtworksAreLikelytoBeRepairedwithBacteria.D.SpanishMother-DaughterTeamDiscoveredAPainting.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了西班牙科學(xué)家PilarBosch如何通過(guò)細(xì)菌來(lái)修復(fù)18世紀(jì)畫(huà)作?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Bosch,amicrobiologist,saidthatshegottheideaforthemethodwhileconsideringpossibilitiesforapapertowardherdoctoraldegree.(Bosch是一名微生物學(xué)家，她說(shuō)，她在考慮寫(xiě)一篇博士論文的可能性時(shí)，想到了這種方法)”可知，Bosch在為她的博士論文準(zhǔn)備資料時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了關(guān)于用細(xì)菌修復(fù)藝術(shù)品的研究。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onereasonwastheglue(膠水)usedtoremovethepaintingsfromthewallsinthe1960s.Thegluewasnearlyimpossibletoremovecompletely.(其中一個(gè)原因是20世紀(jì)60年代用來(lái)從墻上移除畫(huà)作的膠水。膠水幾乎不可能完全去除)”可知，，修復(fù)工作困難的原因之一是20世紀(jì)60年代使用的膠水很難完全去除。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Torepair,theyfeedsmallamountsofthegluethatwasmadefromanimalcollagen(膠原蛋白)tothebacteria.Afteratime,thebacteriabegintonaturallyproduceenzymes(酶)tobreakdowntheglue.Themother-daughterteamthenmixesthebacteriawithanaturalalgae-basedsubstance,calledagel(凝膠),andplacesitontothepaintings.Afteraboutthreehours,thegelmixtureisremoved,leavingthepaintingsglue-free.(為了修復(fù)，他們將少量由動(dòng)物膠原蛋白制成的膠水喂給細(xì)菌。一段時(shí)間后，細(xì)菌開(kāi)始自然地產(chǎn)生酶來(lái)分解膠水。然后，這對(duì)母女團(tuán)隊(duì)將細(xì)菌與一種稱為凝膠的天然藻類物質(zhì)混合，并將其放置在畫(huà)作上。大約三小時(shí)后，除去凝膠混合物，使畫(huà)作無(wú)膠)”可知，第四段詳細(xì)描述了使用細(xì)菌清洗繪畫(huà)的過(guò)程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“SpanishscientistPilarBoschhasfoundawaytousebacteria(細(xì)菌)torepair18th-centurypaintings.(西班牙科學(xué)PilarBosch發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種利用細(xì)菌修復(fù)18世紀(jì)畫(huà)作的方法)”可知，文章主要介紹了西班牙科學(xué)家PilarBosch如何通過(guò)細(xì)菌來(lái)修復(fù)18世紀(jì)畫(huà)作，所以題目“西班牙科學(xué)家用細(xì)菌修復(fù)藝術(shù)品”與本文的主題吻合，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Managingyouremotions(情緒)effectivelyisimportantforasuccessfulhighschoolexperience.Herearesometipstohelpyoumanageyouremotionsandkeepapositiveoutlook.LearntorecognizeyouremotionsUnderstandingyouremotionsisthefirststepinmanagingthem.____16____.Recognizingyouremotionscanhelpyourespondtothemmoreeffectively.Thiscanhelpyouknowtherootcausesofyouremotionsandfindhealthywaystocope(處理).____17____Whenyou’refeelingstressedoroverwhelmed,it’simportanttohavestrategiestocalmyourselfdown.Activitieslikedeepbreathing,exercise,ortravelcanbeveryeffective.Takingbreaksandengaginginactivitiesyouenjoycanreducestress.Experimentwithdifferentskillstofindwhatworksbestforyou.KeepabalancedlifestyleKeepingabalancebetweenschoolwork,extracurricularactivities,andrelaxationisnecessaryforemotionalwell-being.____18____.Abalancedlifestylecanimproveyouremotionalrecovery.BuildasupportsystemHavingastrongsupportsystemcanmakeabigdifferenceinhowyoudealwithstressandemotions.Yourfriends,family,andteacherscanofferencouragementandadvice.____19____.Don’thesitatetoturntothemwhenyouneedtotalkoraskforguidance.StaypositiveandpracticegratitudeFocusingonthepositiveaspectsofyourlifecanhelpshiftyourmindsetandimproveyouroverallmood.____20____.Pract?cinggratitudebykeepingajournalofthingsyou’rethankfulforcanalsohelpyoukeepapositiveoutlook.A.DevelophealthycopingmeansB.Knowtheimportanceofemotionalwell-beingC.Taketimetothinkoverwhatyou’refeelingandwhyD.Rememberthatit’sokaytoseekhelpwhenyouneeditE.SurroundingyourselfwithpositivitycanimproveyouremotionalhealthF.PracticingmindfulnesscanhelpyoustaygroundedinthepresentmomentG.Getenoughsleeptokeepyourenergyupandsetasidetimeforhobbiesandsocializing【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文提供了有效管理高中生活中的情緒的一些實(shí)用建議。通過(guò)這些方法，高中生可以更好地管理自己的情緒，保持積極的生活態(tài)度?！?6題詳解】上文“Understandingyouremotionsisthefirststepinmanagingthem.(了解你的情緒是管理它們的第一步。)”提出想要管理情緒，首先需了解它，選項(xiàng)C（花時(shí)間思考你的情緒和原因）則指導(dǎo)讀者如何深入理解自己的情緒，很好的承接了上文。故選C?！?7題詳解】從下文的描述“Whenyou’refeelingstressedoroverwhelmed,it’simportanttohavestrategiestocalmyourselfdown.(當(dāng)你感到壓力或不知所措時(shí)，制定策略讓自己冷靜下來(lái)是很重要的。)”可知，本段內(nèi)容是在傳授一些管理情緒的方法。選項(xiàng)A（發(fā)展健康的應(yīng)對(duì)方式）作為本段小標(biāo)題，可統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文內(nèi)容。且“means”和“strategies”為同義詞。故選A?！?8題詳解】上文“Keepingabalancebetweenschoolwork,extracurricularactivities,andrelaxationisnecessaryforemotionalwell-being.(在學(xué)業(yè)、課外活動(dòng)和放松之間保持平衡對(duì)于情緒健康是必要的。)”提出保持平衡的生活方式，選項(xiàng)G（保證充足的睡眠，為愛(ài)好和社交留出時(shí)間）呼應(yīng)上文，提出具體的平衡的建議。故選G?！?9題詳解】從下文“Don’thesitatetoturntothemwhenyouneedtotalkoraskforguidance.(你需要交談或?qū)で笾笇?dǎo)時(shí)，不要猶豫，向他們求助。)”可知，作者建議我們需要幫助時(shí)及時(shí)尋求幫助，選項(xiàng)D（記住在需要時(shí)尋求幫助是可以的）也指出在你需要時(shí)可以向你的支持系統(tǒng)尋求幫助，并且選項(xiàng)D中的“seekhelpwhenyouneedit”和下文的“turntothemwhenyouneed”語(yǔ)義一致。故選D?！?0題詳解】上文提到“Focusingonthepositiveaspectsofyourlifecanhelpshiftyourmindsetandimproveyouroverallmood.(關(guān)注生活中的積極的方面可以幫助你改變心態(tài)，改善整體情緒。)”關(guān)注積極方面的好處，選項(xiàng)E（讓自己置身于積極環(huán)境中可以改善你的情感健康）則進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了積極的周?chē)h(huán)境對(duì)情感健康有益。并且上文的“improveyouroverallmood”和選項(xiàng)E中的“improveyouremotionalhealth”語(yǔ)義上能對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therescue(營(yíng)救)teamfromOceanConservationNamibia(OCN)isalwaysonthelookoutforsealsindanger.Therescuers____21____togethertorescuetheentangled(被纏住的)seals,a____22____thatrequiresbothspeedandcooperation.Theseseals,oftenentangledinvariousformsofoceanplasticropesandbags,area(n)____23____ofthegrowingproblemofmarinepollution.Inthisterriblesituation,theteam’sefforttorescuetheseanimalsisanyhowalittle____24____.Allofthemembersplayanimportantroleinthe____25____rescueoftheseals.Oneday,they____26____asealpupwitharedropearounditsneck,makingtherescueevenmorecomplicated.Itwasaheartbreaking____27____.Theteamhadtobeextracarefulto____28____causingfurtherharm.Despitetheadditionalchallenge,theymanagedto____29____thepup,ensuringitwassafeanduninjured.Oncefreed,thebabysealhada(n)____30____reactionthattouchedtheheartsoftherescuers.Insteadof____31____runningaway,thepupremainedinoneoftherescuer’sarms,displayingunusualcalmness.Itwasasifthesealunderstoodthecareandeffortthathad____32____itsrescue.Thismomentofcalminteractionwasrareandspecial,showingtheconnectionthatcanbe____33____betweenhumansandanimalsindanger.“Sealsaren’t____34____andweneverencourageunnecessaryinteraction,butwestill____35____humanmomentslikethisoneverymuch,”therescueteamexplained.21.A.get B.work C.wait D.talk22.A.problem B.chance C.design D.task23.A.challenge B.method C.reminder D.exchange24.A.hope B.responsibility C.while D.honor25.A.official B.successful C.public D.confident26.A.sold B.stopped C.caught D.found27.A.sight B.flash C.style D.state28.A.try B.keep C.avoid D.mind29.A.return B.calm C.teach D.free30.A.amazing B.suitable C.addicted D.awkward31.A.quietly B.directly C.definitely D.regretfully32.A.goneinto B.madeup C.adaptedto D.jumpedat33.A.matched B.applied C.formed D.broken34.A.enemies B.beasts C.fishers D.pets35.A.offer B.enjoy C.use D.realize【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述納米比亞海洋保護(hù)組織（OCN）的救援隊(duì)救援海豹的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：救援人員共同努力營(yíng)救被纏住的海豹，這項(xiàng)任務(wù)需要速度和合作。A.get得到；B.work工作；C.wait等待；D.talk談話。由下文“torescuetheentangled(被纏住的)seals”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指救援隊(duì)一起“工作”營(yíng)救被纏繞的海豹。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援人員共同努力營(yíng)救被纏住的海豹，這項(xiàng)任務(wù)需要速度和合作。A.problem問(wèn)題；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.design設(shè)計(jì)；D.task任務(wù)。由上文“torescuetheentangled(被纏住的)seals”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指救海豹這項(xiàng)“任務(wù)”需要速度和合作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些海豹經(jīng)常纏繞在各種形式的海洋塑料繩和袋中，提醒人們海洋污染問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)重。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.method方法；C.reminder提醒；D.exchange交換。由上文“variousformsofoceanplasticropesandbags”可知，這些垃圾是對(duì)海洋污染問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)重的“提醒”。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這種可怕的情況下，救援隊(duì)營(yíng)救這些動(dòng)物的努力無(wú)論如何都是一點(diǎn)希望。A.hope希望；B.responsibility責(zé)任；C.while一段時(shí)間；D.honor榮譽(yù)。由上文“theteam’sefforttorescuetheseanimals”可知，這里指救援隊(duì)營(yíng)救的努力還是有“希望”的，能救回一些海豹。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所有成員在成功營(yíng)救海豹方面都發(fā)揮了重要作用。A.official官方的；B.successful成功的；C.public公共的；D.confident自信的。由上文“Allofthemembersplayanimportantrole”可知，這里指一次“成功的”營(yíng)救中，所有成員都發(fā)揮了重要作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只脖子上系著紅繩的海豹幼崽，這使得救援變得更加復(fù)雜。A.sold賣(mài)；B.stopped停止；C.caught抓??；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。由下文“asealpupwitharedropearounditsneck”可知，這里指他們“發(fā)現(xiàn)”了一只待救的海豹幼崽。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)令人心碎的景象。A.sight視線，景象；B.flash閃光；C.style風(fēng)格；D.state狀態(tài)。由上文“asealpupwitharedropearounditsneck”可知，這是一個(gè)令人心碎的“景象”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該團(tuán)隊(duì)必須格外小心，以避免造成進(jìn)一步的傷害。A.try嘗試；B.keep保持；C.avoid避免；D.mind介意。由上文“Theteamhadtobeextracareful”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指該團(tuán)隊(duì)格外小心來(lái)“避免”造成進(jìn)一步的傷害。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨額外的挑戰(zhàn)，他們還是設(shè)法救出了海豹幼崽，確保了它的安全和不受傷害。A.return歸還；B.calm使冷靜；C.teach教授；D.free使自由。由下文“ensuringitwassafeanduninjured”可知，這里指救援隊(duì)使海豹“自由”了，即救出了它。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦被釋放，這只小海豹有了驚人的反應(yīng)，觸動(dòng)了救援人員的心。A.amazing驚人的，令人大為驚奇的；B.suitable合適的；C.addicted上癮的；D.awkward令人尷尬的。由下文“thepupremainedinoneoftherescuer’sarms”可知，海報(bào)對(duì)救它的人產(chǎn)生了情感，這“令人大為驚奇的”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：海豹幼崽沒(méi)有直接逃跑，而是留在救援人員的一只懷里，表現(xiàn)出不同尋常的平靜。A.quietly安靜地；B.directly直接地；C.definitely確定地；D.regretfully遺憾地。由下文“thepupremainedinoneoftherescuer’sarms”可知，這里海豹沒(méi)有“直接”逃跑，而是留在救援人員的一只懷里。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：海豹似乎理解了為營(yíng)救它所付出的關(guān)心和努力。A.goneinto進(jìn)入，被用在；B.madeup組成；C.adaptedto適應(yīng)；D.jumpedat急于接受。由上文“thecareandeffort”可知，這里指海豹好像理解“被用在”救它的努力和關(guān)心。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這一平靜的互動(dòng)時(shí)刻是罕見(jiàn)而特殊的，展示了人類和處于危險(xiǎn)中的動(dòng)物之間可能形成的聯(lián)系。A.matched匹配；B.applied申請(qǐng)；C.formed形成；D.broken打破。由下文“betweenhumansandanimalsindanger”以及語(yǔ)境可知，海豹和營(yíng)救隊(duì)員的互動(dòng)展示了人類和動(dòng)物之間可能“形成”的聯(lián)系。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援隊(duì)解釋說(shuō)：“海豹不是寵物，我們從不鼓勵(lì)不必要的互動(dòng)，但我們?nèi)匀环浅Ｏ矚g這樣的人類時(shí)刻?！盇.enemies敵人；B.beasts野獸；C.fishers漁民；D.pets寵物。由下文“weneverencourageunnecessaryinteraction”可知，這里指海豹不是“寵物”，不應(yīng)該和人類過(guò)多接觸互動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：救援隊(duì)解釋說(shuō)：“海豹不是寵物，我們從不鼓勵(lì)不必要的互動(dòng)，但我們?nèi)匀环浅Ｏ矚g這樣的人類時(shí)刻?！盇.offer提供；B.enjoy享受；C.use使用；D.realize實(shí)現(xiàn)。由下文“humanmomentslikethisone”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這只指我們還是很“享受”人類和被救助動(dòng)物互動(dòng)的時(shí)刻。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sept10,2024marksthe40thChineseTeachers’Day,afestival____36____(celebrate)the2,300-year-oldChinesetraditionofrespectingteachersandeducatingpeople.Itissimilar____37____thebirthdayofConfuciusorthebirthdayofaprivateschoolteacherinancientChina.ThehistoryofTeachers’Day____38____(date)backtotheHanDynasty.Accordingtorecords,duringtheHanandJindynasties,everyyearonAugust27,Confucius’birthday,theemperor,____39____(follow)bycourt(宮廷)officials,wouldvisittheConfuciusTemple____40____(pay)tribute(敬意)totheancientphilosopherandinviteroy