山東省2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期10月學(xué)情診斷聯(lián)合考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期10月學(xué)情診斷聯(lián)合考試英語試題第I卷(共95分)第一部分聽力(略)第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAnimalWildlifeVolunteerProgramWeneedcaringvolunteers(志愿者)tojoinusheretotakecareofourinjuredanddisplacedanimals.YourtasksWorkgroupsincludefoodpreparationandfeeding,animalenclosurecleaning,animaltoyenrichment,andworkingwiththevet(獸醫(yī))team.Ateverystep,wehaveskilledcoordinators(協(xié)調(diào)者)toteachwhattodoandhowtodoit.Typical(典型的)day?Breakfastisservedfrom

7AMto8AM,withfruitsandcoffee?Morningworkbeginsfrom

8AM

to

11:30AM.?Lunchisservedfrom

12PMuntil1PM.?Theafternoonmeetingbeginsat

1:30PM

betweencoordinators.?Afternoonworkbegins

at2PMandendat5:30AM.?Dinnerisserved

from6PMto7PM.?Nightactivitiesbeginat

7PM.?Volunteersareaskedtobeinbed

by10PM.RequirementsAge:16andolder.LanguageSkills:YouneedtospeakbasicEnglish.Nationality:Helpinghandsfromallovertheworldarewelcome.WorkTime:YourhelpinghandwillberequiredonMonday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Friday,SaturdayandSunday.Programpay300€perweek,anadditional5€willbeaddedforeachadditionalweekofwork1.Whichisaworkingtaskforthevolunteerprogram?A.Cleaningdirtyanimals. B.Playinggameswithanimals.C.Traininganimalsforthewild. D.Helpingtreatsickorinjuredanimals.2.What’satypicaldaylikeforvolunteers?A.Theyarefreetoplayuntilmidnight.B.Theyareofferedfruitsateverymeal.C.Theyworkatotalofsevenhoursaday.D.Theyattendthemeetingat1:30PMdaily.3.Howmuchmoneycanavolunteermakein3weeks?A.300€. B.900€. C.910€. D.915€.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文的體裁是應(yīng)用文。文章的主要目的是介紹一個(gè)野生動物保護(hù)志愿者項(xiàng)目的具體內(nèi)容、要求和安排，吸引有興趣的志愿者加入?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Weneedcaringvolunteers(志愿者)tojoinusheretotakecareofourinjuredanddisplacedanimals.(我們需要有愛心的志愿者加入我們，照顧受傷和流離失所的動物。)”可知，志愿者項(xiàng)目的工作任務(wù)是幫助治療生病或受傷的動物。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Typical(典型的)day部分中“?Breakfastisservedfrom7AMto8AM,withfruitsandcoffee?Morningworkbeginsfrom8AMto11:30AM.?Lunchisservedfrom12PMuntil1PM.?Theafternoonmeetingbeginsat1:30PMbetweencoordinators.?Afternoonworkbeginsat2PMandendat5:30AM.?Dinnerisservedfrom6PMto7PM.?Nightactivitiesbeginat7PM.?Volunteersareaskedtobeinbedby10PM.(?早餐從早上7點(diǎn)到8點(diǎn)供應(yīng)，包括水果和咖啡?上午的工作從上午8點(diǎn)開始到11:30。?午餐供應(yīng)時(shí)間為中午12點(diǎn)至下午1點(diǎn)。?下午1點(diǎn)30分協(xié)調(diào)員之間的會議開始。?下午的工作從下午2點(diǎn)開始，到早上5點(diǎn)半結(jié)束。?晚餐從下午6點(diǎn)到7點(diǎn)供應(yīng)。?夜間活動在晚上7點(diǎn)開始。?志愿者被要求在晚上10點(diǎn)前上床睡覺。)”可知，志愿者早上8AM至11:30AM工作3.5小時(shí)，下午2PM至5:30PM工作3.5小時(shí)，共7小時(shí)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Programpay部分中“300€perweek,anadditional5€willbeaddedforeachadditionalweekofwork(每周300歐元，每增加一周工作時(shí)間額外加收5歐元)”可知，每周費(fèi)用是300歐元，每額外一周增加5歐元。所以三周的收入為300€+305€+310€=915€。故選D。BWhatbeganasafrighteningsituationwasrapidlysolvedbythefastthinkingofoneperson.AndreaFuentes,theheadcoachofUSAArtisticSwimming,isknownforhersuccessfulcareer—shewonfourOlympicmedalsforSpainasanartisticswimmerherself.ButafteradangerousincidentinJune2022,shehasalsobeenpraisedasahero.DuringthesolofreefinalattheWorldAquaticsChampionships,AnitaAlvarezwasperformingherroutinewhenthingstookaturnfortheworse.Whileimpressingthejudgeswithherroutine,shesuddenlylostconsciousness(意識)andsanktothebottomofthepool.Fuentes,hercoach,lookedforhelp.“Isawthatthelifeguards(救生員)werenotjumpingintothewaterbecausetheywereshocked.Ishoutedatthemfromtheothersidetogetintothewaterimmediately!”FuentestoldaSpanishradioprogram.Growingincreasinglyconcerned,thecoachjumpedintothewater,fullydressed,torescueAlvarezwhenmedicalassistancearrived.Alvarezwasthenplacedonastretcherandtakenawaytoreceivemedicalcare.Theteamlaterpostedanupdate,statingthattheswimmerwasfeelingmuchbetter,withnormalvitalsigns,oxygen,andsugarlevels.Afteracarefulevaluation,shewasconsideredhealthyandwentbacktotheswimmingpool.Almostayearaftertheincident,theUSAArtisticSwimmingteamannouncedtheathleteswhomakeuptheseniornationalteamatthe2023WorldChampionshipsandPanAmericanGames.NotonlyisAlvarezoneofthem,butFuentesremainstheheadcoach.Together,they’llworktobringhomesomemuch-deservedmedalsandawards.CoachFuentesstates,“Iamveryexcitedforthisnextchapter,andIfeelhonoredastheircoachtoleadthisgroupoftalentedswimmerstomakeTeamUSAthebestteamwecanbe.”4.WhyhasAndreaFuentesbeenconsideredahero?A.ShewonfourOlympicmedals.B.Shereactedrapidlytotheincident.C.ShewasheadcoachofaUSAteam.D.Sheriskedherlifetosaveastranger.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheprocessofFuentes’saving.B.Theproceduresofmedicalassistance.C.Thedangersfacedbyartisticswimmers.D.Thereasonwhythelifeguardshesitated.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Alvarezhaslefttheseniornationalteam.B.Fuentes’actionhasearnedhermorerewards.C.Alvarezwonseveralmedalsaftertherecovery.D.Alvarez’slifehasrecentlyreturnedtonormal.7.WhichcanbestdescribeFuentesasacoach?A.Caringandambitious. B.Strictandadventurous.C.Carefulandquick-thinking. D.Humorousandkind-hearted.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.A【語篇解讀】上文是記敘文。作者通過敘述一次危險(xiǎn)事件及其后續(xù)發(fā)展，展現(xiàn)了美國藝術(shù)游泳隊(duì)主教練安德烈亞·富恩特斯在緊急情況下的快速反應(yīng)和勇敢行為，以及這一事件對后續(xù)國家隊(duì)選拔和教練地位的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatbeganasafrighteningsituationwasrapidlysolvedbythefastthinkingofoneperson.AndreaFuentes,theheadcoachofUSAArtisticSwimming,isknownforhersuccessfulcareer—shewonfourOlympicmedalsforSpainasanartisticswimmerherself.ButafteradangerousincidentinJune2022,shehasalsobeenpraisedasahero.(一開始的可怕局面由于一個(gè)人的快速思考而迅速解決了。美國藝術(shù)游泳隊(duì)的主教練安德里亞·富恩特斯以其成功的職業(yè)生涯而聞名——作為一名藝術(shù)游泳運(yùn)動員，她為西班牙贏得了四枚奧運(yùn)會獎牌。但在2022年6月的一次危險(xiǎn)事故之后，她也被譽(yù)為英雄)”可知，富恩特斯因?yàn)閷σ粋€(gè)突發(fā)危險(xiǎn)事件做出了快速反應(yīng)，所以被視為英雄。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Fuentes,hercoach,lookedforhelp.“Isawthatthelifeguards(救生員)werenotjumpingintothewaterbecausetheywereshocked.Ishoutedatthemfromtheothersidetogetintothewaterimmediately!”FuentestoldaSpanishradioprogram.Growingincreasinglyconcerned,thecoachjumpedintothewater,fullydressed,torescueAlvarezwhenmedicalassistancearrived.Alvarezwasthenplacedonastretcherandtakenawaytoreceivemedicalcare.Theteamlaterpostedanupdate,statingthattheswimmerwasfeelingmuchbetter,withnormalvitalsigns,oxygen,andsugarlevels.Afteracarefulevaluation,shewasconsideredhealthyandwentbacktotheswimmingpool.(她的教練富恩特斯尋求幫助。“我看到救生員們沒有跳入水中，因?yàn)樗麄兌紘槈牧恕Ｎ覐牧硪贿厡λ麄兇蠛?，讓他們立刻下水！”富恩特斯在西班牙的一個(gè)廣播節(jié)目中說道。隨著擔(dān)憂加劇，在醫(yī)療援助到達(dá)時(shí)，這位教練穿著整齊的衣服跳入水中去救阿爾瓦雷斯。隨后，阿爾瓦雷斯被抬上擔(dān)架，送往醫(yī)院接受治療。該隊(duì)后來發(fā)布了一條更新消息，稱這位游泳運(yùn)動員感覺好多了，生命體征、氧氣和血糖水平都正常。經(jīng)過仔細(xì)評估，她被認(rèn)為健康狀況良好，并回到了游泳池)”可知，本段主要講的是富恩特斯救援的過程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Almostayearaftertheincident,theUSAArtisticSwimmingteamannouncedtheathleteswhomakeuptheseniornationalteamatthe2023WorldChampionshipsandPanAmericanGames.NotonlyisAlvarezoneofthem,butFuentesremainstheheadcoach.(事件發(fā)生近一年后，美國藝術(shù)游泳隊(duì)公布了將參加2023年世界錦標(biāo)賽和泛美運(yùn)動會的國家隊(duì)運(yùn)動員名單。阿爾瓦雷斯不僅是其中一員，富恩特斯也繼續(xù)擔(dān)任主教練)”可推知，阿爾瓦雷斯恢復(fù)了正常的訓(xùn)練。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatbeganasafrighteningsituationwasrapidlysolvedbythefastthinkingofoneperson.AndreaFuentes,theheadcoachofUSAArtisticSwimming,isknownforhersuccessfulcareer—shewonfourOlympicmedalsforSpainasanartisticswimmerherself.ButafteradangerousincidentinJune2022,shehasalsobeenpraisedasahero.(一開始的可怕局面由于一個(gè)人的快速思考而迅速解決了。美國藝術(shù)游泳隊(duì)的主教練安德里亞·富恩特斯以其成功的職業(yè)生涯而聞名——作為一名藝術(shù)游泳運(yùn)動員，她為西班牙贏得了四枚奧運(yùn)會獎牌。但在2022年6月的一次危險(xiǎn)事故之后，她也被譽(yù)為英雄)”及最后一段“Together,they’llworktobringhomesomemuch-deservedmedalsandawards.CoachFuentesstates,“Iamveryexcitedforthisnextchapter,andIfeelhonoredastheircoachtoleadthisgroupoftalentedswimmerstomakeTeamUSAthebestteamwecanbe.”(他們將共同努力，為美國隊(duì)贏得應(yīng)得的獎牌和榮譽(yù)。富恩特斯教練表示：“我對接下來的篇章感到非常興奮，作為這些才華橫溢的游泳運(yùn)動員的教練，我感到非常榮幸，我將帶領(lǐng)美國隊(duì)成為我們所能成為的最好的團(tuán)隊(duì)。”)”可知，富恩特斯作為教練及時(shí)救助隊(duì)員是有愛心的，并且想帶領(lǐng)美國隊(duì)成為最好的團(tuán)隊(duì)，說明是有雄心壯志的。故選A項(xiàng)。CAplantothickenseaiceusingwaterfromtheoceanbelowcouldoffermankindafinalchancetosavethedisappearingseaice.Fieldtrials(實(shí)地試驗(yàn))donethisyearintheArctichaveturnedouttobesuccessful,saysUKstart-upRealIce.Arcticseaicecoverisfallingrapidlybecauseofclimatechange.Manyscientistsexpecttheareatobeice-freeinthesummerinthe2030s,evenifsharpcutstoemissions(排放)aremade.Theonlywaytosavethearea’ssummerseaiceistofindawaytothickentheice,someresearcherssay.RealIce’ssolutionincludesmakingaholethroughtheice,thendrawingwaterupandontothesnowthatsitsatoptheice.Thewaterwouldgointhesnowandfreeze(凍結(jié)),turningthesnowintoice.ThismeansthecoldfromtheArcticairwouldspreadthroughitandresultinthegrowthofmoreiceontheundersideoftheice.WorkingwiththeCentreforClimateRepairattheUniversityofCambridge,RealIcehasbeendoingfieldtrialsthisyearinCambridgeBayonVictoriaIslandinCanada.Thecompanysaysthetrialshavevalidatedtheidea,thickeningtheiceshelfby50centimeterscomparedwithacontrolsitebetweenJanuaryandMay.Theexperimentalsoexhibitedthatthesaltywaterleftaftertheseawaterfreezesrunsthroughtheicebackintotheocean,ratherthanremainingontopoftheice,whichwouldweakentheresultofit.Butdifferencesinattitude(態(tài)度)wereobviousamongscientists.Manyareworriedabouttheriskofunexpectedresults.“Idon’tthinkanyoftheseideasarepractical,”saysJulienneStroeveatUniversityCollegeLondon.Sheraisesworriesabouttheplan’senergy(能源)requirements,aswellastheinfluencethatalossofsnowcoverwouldhaveonanimalssuchaspolarbearsandseals,whichusesnowtodigholesfortheiryoung.TheonlysolutionforsavingArcticiceistocutemissions,shesays.8.WhatdosomeresearchersthinkaboutthelossofseaiceintheArctic?A.Ithasbeenworsenedmorerapidlyrecently.B.TheArcticareawillsoonbefreeofseaice.C.Fruitfulstepsarebeingtakentoholditback.D.Mankindhasnochoicebuttothickentheice.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“validate”meaninparagraph4?A.Supported. B.Accepted. C.Misunderstood. D.Refused.10.WhatisJulienneStroeve’sattitudetothickeningseaice?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Unconcerned. D.Uncertain.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheEnvironmentintheArcticisWorrisomeB.ThePlantoRefreezeSeaIceShowsPromiseC.TheMethodofCuttingEmissionsisPreferableD.TheSeaIceCoverintheArcticDisappearsRapidly【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于利用下層海水加厚海冰以拯救正在消失的北極海冰的計(jì)劃，并詳細(xì)描述了該計(jì)劃的實(shí)施方法、實(shí)地試驗(yàn)結(jié)果以及科學(xué)家對此計(jì)劃的不同態(tài)度?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theonlywaytosavethearea’ssummerseaiceistofindawaytothickentheice,someresearcherssay.(一些研究人員表示，拯救該區(qū)域夏季海冰的唯一方法是找到加厚冰層的方法。)”可知，一些研究人員認(rèn)為人類必須要找到加厚冰層的方法。故選D。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“thickeningtheiceshelfby50centimeterscomparedwithacontrolsitebetweenJanuaryandMay.(與1月至5月間的對照地點(diǎn)相比，冰架增厚了50厘米。)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)成功了，冰架增厚了50厘米。由此可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)“驗(yàn)證了”這一想法。由此可知，劃線單詞的意思和“支持、驗(yàn)證”相似。選項(xiàng)A“Supported(支持)”；選項(xiàng)B“Accepted(接受)”；選項(xiàng)C“Misunderstood(誤解)”；選項(xiàng)D“Refused(拒絕)”。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Idon’tthinkanyoftheseideasarepractical,”saysJulienneStroeveatUniversityCollegeLondon.Sheraisesworriesabouttheplan’senergy(能源)requirements,aswellastheinfluencethatalossofsnowcoverwouldhaveonanimalssuchaspolarbearsandseals,whichusesnowtodigholesfortheiryoung.(倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的JulienneStroeve說：“我認(rèn)為這些想法都不切實(shí)際。”她對計(jì)劃的能源需求表示擔(dān)憂，同時(shí)也擔(dān)心雪層消失會對動物（如北極熊和海豹，它們用雪為幼崽挖洞）產(chǎn)生影響。)”可知，JulienneStroeve的言論明確表達(dá)了對加厚海冰計(jì)劃的懷疑。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Aplantothickenseaiceusingwaterfromtheoceanbelowcouldoffermankindafinalchancetosavethedisappearingseaice.Fieldtrials(實(shí)地試驗(yàn))donethisyearintheArctichaveturnedouttobesuccessful,saysUKstart-upRealIce.(一個(gè)利用下層海水加厚海冰的計(jì)劃可能為人類提供了拯救正在消失的海冰的最后機(jī)會。英國初創(chuàng)公司RealIce表示，今年在北極進(jìn)行的實(shí)地試驗(yàn)已經(jīng)取得了成功。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于利用下層海水加厚海冰以拯救正在消失的北極海冰的計(jì)劃，并指出實(shí)地試驗(yàn)已經(jīng)取得了成功，因此這個(gè)計(jì)劃看起來很有希望。故選B。DGoingtoparties,givingpresentations,attendingnetworkingevents...Thesesocialinteractionsarejustpartofnormal(正常的)lifeforsomanypeople,butforthosewhoareshy,theseinteractionscanfeelmorelikechallenges.Shynessisaquality(品質(zhì))thatisfoundinculturesaroundtheworld.It’softengroupedinwithsocialanxietyorintroversion(內(nèi)向).Butshynessisn’tinthesamewaythatsocialanxietyis,andanintrovertoftenpreferstimealone.Shypeopleoftenwanttobeabletointeractwithothers,butfindthemselvesunabletodoso.Therearefactssuggestingthatsomepeoplearebornshyerthanothers.Astudyfoundthereisaconnectionbetweenshynessanddeficits(缺陷)intwoareasofthebrain:theamygdalaandhippocampus.Researcherswatchedthebrainsofthesubjectswhiletheywereshownpicturesofstrangefacesmanytimes.Forthoseconsideredtobenotshy,theseareasofthebrainweresetoffwhenthefaceswerenew,butthereactionweakenedthemoretimestheysawthesamefaces.Forthesubjectsconsideredtobeshy,thetwoareasofthebraincontinuedtoreacttothefaces,whethertheywereneworbeingshownagain.Thisfailuretohabituatesoonmakesthemfindmeetingwithnewpeopleuncomfortableandthusavoidnewsocialexperiences.Thewayweareraisedisalsoinfluential.Parentswhoaretooanxioustoprotectchildrenfrombeinghurt,canmakethemunabletodevelopconfidentsocialskills.Aswegetolder,westarttoself-manageourbehavior,leadingthemtowhatwefeelcomfortablewith,whichthencreatesacycleofshyness.Shynessisn’taconditionthatnecessarilyneedstobespeciallytreated.It’squiteOKtofeelshyincertainsituations,andgenerallyitdoesn’tcauseanyrealproblems.However,ifshynessdoesdevelopintosomethingmore-havinganoticeableinfluenceonqualityoflife-thenthiscouldbesocialanxiety,whichshouldbetakenseriously.12.Howdoestheauthorexplainshynessinparagraph2?A.Bylistingfacts. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Byborrowingfamoussayings.13.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutshypeoplefromthestudy?A.Theyarenotassmartasothers.B.Theydon’treacttostrangefaces.C.Theyareslowertogetusedtonewfaces.D.Theydevelopdeficitsinthebrainafterbirth.14.Whichisagoodparentingstyleaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Notbeingtoooverprotectiveofchildren.B.Notpunishingchildrenformakingmistakes.C.Teachingchildrenself-managementearlier.D.Helpingchildrentocreateacircleofshyness.15.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencourageasocialskill.B.Tointroduceasciencestudy.C.Topublicizeahumanquality.D.Tosuggestaparentingmethod.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要解釋了害羞這一性格特征，包括其與社交焦慮和內(nèi)向的區(qū)別、可能的生理原因、成長環(huán)境的影響，以及害羞通常不需要特殊治療但發(fā)展成社交焦慮時(shí)應(yīng)重視的情況。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Shynessisaquality(品質(zhì))thatisfoundinculturesaroundtheworld.It’softengroupedinwithsocialanxietyorintroversion(內(nèi)向).Butshynessisn’tinthesamewaythatsocialanxietyis,andanintrovertoftenpreferstimealone.Shypeopleoftenwanttobeabletointeractwithothers,butfindthemselvesunabletodoso.(害羞是世界各地文化中普遍存在的一種品質(zhì)。它通常與社交焦慮或內(nèi)向歸為一類。但害羞與社交焦慮不同，內(nèi)向的人通常更喜歡獨(dú)處。害羞的人經(jīng)常希望能夠與他人互動，但發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無法做到這一點(diǎn))”可知，本段是用害羞與社交焦慮作比較來說明害羞的。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Astudyfoundthereisaconnectionbetweenshynessanddeficits(缺陷)intwoareasofthebrain:theamygdalaandhippocampus.Researcherswatchedthebrainsofthesubjectswhiletheywereshownpicturesofstrangefacesmanytimes.Forthoseconsideredtobenotshy,theseareasofthebrainweresetoffwhenthefaceswerenew,butthereactionweakenedthemoretimestheysawthesamefaces.Forthesubjectsconsideredtobeshy,thetwoareasofthebraincontinuedtoreacttothefaces,whethertheywereneworbeingshownagain.Thisfailuretohabituatesoonmakesthemfindmeetingwithnewpeopleuncomfortableandthusavoidnewsocialexperiences.(一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，害羞和大腦中兩個(gè)區(qū)域的缺陷有關(guān)：杏仁核和海馬體。研究人員多次向受試者展示陌生面孔的照片，同時(shí)觀察他們的大腦。對于那些被認(rèn)為不害羞的人來說，當(dāng)他們看到新的面孔時(shí)，大腦的這些區(qū)域就會被激活，但是當(dāng)他們看到同樣的面孔的次數(shù)越多，反應(yīng)就會減弱。對于被認(rèn)為是害羞的受試者，大腦的這兩個(gè)區(qū)域繼續(xù)對面孔做出反應(yīng)，無論他們是新面孔還是再次出現(xiàn)。這種不能很快適應(yīng)的現(xiàn)象使他們在與陌生人見面時(shí)感到不舒服，從而避免新的社會經(jīng)歷)”可知，害羞的人反應(yīng)減弱更慢，說明害羞的人更難適應(yīng)新面孔。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thewayweareraisedisalsoinfluential.Parentswhoaretooanxioustoprotectchildrenfrombeinghurt,canmakethemunabletodevelopconfidentsocialskills.Aswegetolder,westarttoself-manageourbehavior,leadingthemtowhatwefeelcomfortablewith,whichthencreatesacycleofshyness.(我們的成長方式也有影響。那些過度焦慮、保護(hù)孩子免受傷害的父母，可能會使孩子無法培養(yǎng)出自信的社交技能。隨著我們長大，我們開始自我管理自己的行為，傾向于讓我們感到舒適的事物，從而形成一個(gè)害羞的循環(huán))”可知，過度焦慮、保護(hù)孩子免受傷害的父母，會使孩子無法培養(yǎng)出自信的社交技能，所以不要過度保護(hù)孩子是好的養(yǎng)育方式。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Goingtoparties,givingpresentations,attendingnetworkingevents...Thesesocialinteractionsarejustpartofnormal(正常的)lifeforsomanypeople,butforthosewhoareshy,theseinteractionscanfeelmorelikechallenges.(參加聚會、做演講、參加社交活動……對很多人來說，這些社交互動只是正常生活的一部分，但對那些害羞的人來說，這些互動更像是挑戰(zhàn))”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要解釋了害羞這一性格特征，介紹了害羞與內(nèi)向、社交焦慮的區(qū)別、害羞的生理原因、成長環(huán)境的影響等，意在宣傳一種人類品質(zhì)。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Stayingfitandhealthyisn’taneasytask.Butifyouaredeterminedtoleadalifeworthyofliving,thenitisnottoodifficulttofollowalifestylethatleadstohealthyoutcomes.____16____.Whatwemissisthatahealthylifeisacompletepackageofastrongmental,physicalandemotionalwell-being.Herearesomewaystohelpyouremainhealthy.Exerciseinaconsistent(持續(xù)的)mannerLiftingheavyweightsisadvisableonlywhenyouarecapableofdoingso.Otherwise,normalfreehandexercisesandworkingoutwithlightweightgymequipmentareenoughtoattainfitnessgoals.____17____.BuildstrongerrelationshipsInthemidstofattaininggreaterheightsinlife,weoftenforgetthattherearesomepeopleinourliveswhosepresencematters.Wetakethemforgrantedandsometimesbearthepainoflosingthemtoo.____18____.So,peopleshouldbuildthestrongerrelationshipsforthesakeofremaininghealthy.KeepaseparateworkandprivatelifeEveryworkaholic(工作狂)suffersfromsomekindofstressatwork,whichtheyhavetoregularlydealwith.____19____,theproblembeginswhenpeopletrytomixtheworklifewiththeirpersonallives.Thissituationcancreatetensionbetweenfamilymemberswhichwillultimatelyleadtoanegativeimpactonyourhealth.____20____Whateveryoudoinyourlife—fromeatingtosleepingtohittingthegym—maintainingaregularschedule(日程安排)isalwaysrecommended.Evenifyoudoallthethingsright,butkeepthemonahaphazard(雜亂無章的)schedule,thentheeffectitcreatesonyourhealthwillshowupintheyearstocome,ifnotimmediately.A.EvenifyoutakecareofyouremotionalselfB.ThoughthisisquiteanormalissueC.MaintainpropertimingsinanycaseD.SleepingdisorderscanleadtomajorhealthrisksE.ThishurtsusalotandhasadirectimpactonourhealthF.WeoftenlinkahealthylifestyletoabalanceddietandenoughsleepG.Butthemostimportantissueistomaintaintheconsistencyofdoingso【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹幾種保持健康的方法?！?6題詳解】由下文“Whatwemissisthatahealthylifeisacompletepackageofastrongmental,physicalandemotionalwell-being.(我們錯(cuò)過的是，健康的生活是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的心理、身體和情感健康的完整包)”可知，這里主要講健康生活的內(nèi)容比我們想象的還要多。而F項(xiàng)Weoftenlinkahealthylifestyletoabalanceddietandenoughsleep(我們經(jīng)常將健康的生活方式與均衡的飲食和充足的睡眠聯(lián)系起來)符合語境，其中ahealthylifestyle與下文ahealthylife對應(yīng)，下句對本句我們認(rèn)為的健康生活的定義進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)充說明，有承上作用。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由上文“Liftingheavyweightsisadvisableonlywhenyouarecapableofdoingso.Otherwise,normalfreehandexercisesandworkingoutwithlightweightgymequipmentareenoughtoattainfitnessgoals.(只有當(dāng)你有能力舉起重物時(shí)，才建議舉起重物。否則，正常的徒手練習(xí)和使用輕便的健身器材鍛煉就足以達(dá)到健身目標(biāo))”和本段的小標(biāo)題“Exerciseinaconsistent(持續(xù)的)manner(以可持續(xù)的方式鍛煉)”可知，本段主要講要量力而行并持續(xù)鍛煉。而G項(xiàng)Butthemostimportantissueistomaintaintheconsistencyofdoingso(但最重要的問題是保持這樣做的持續(xù)性)符合語境，其中consistency與小標(biāo)題中consistent對應(yīng)，so代指上文的做法，所以本句有承上作用。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】由上文“Inthemidstofattaininggreaterheightsinlife,weoftenforgetthattherearesomepeopleinourliveswhosepresencematters.Wetakethemforgrantedandsometimesbearthepainoflosingthemtoo.(在人生達(dá)到更高境界的過程中，我們經(jīng)常忘記生活中有一些人的存在很重要。我們把他們視為理所當(dāng)然，有時(shí)也會承受失去他們的痛苦)”可知，本段主要講我們忽略了生活中一些重要的人物，而失去時(shí)又痛苦不已。而E項(xiàng)Thishurtsusalotandhasadirectimpactonourhealth(這傷害了我們很多，對我們的健康有直接影響)符合語境，其中this指代前面的情況，有承上作用。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】由上文“Everyworkaholic(工作狂)suffersfromsomekindofstressatwork,whichtheyhavetoregularlydealwith.(每個(gè)工作狂都會在工作中承受某種壓力，他們必須定期應(yīng)對)”可知，這里主要講工作狂需要定期應(yīng)對壓力，而B項(xiàng)Thoughthisisquiteanormalissue(雖然這是一個(gè)很正常的事情)符合語境，this指代上文的情況，且本句與逗號后句子構(gòu)成讓步狀語從句，也有啟下作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】由下文“Whateveryoudoinyourlife—fromeatingtosleepingtohittingthegym—maintainingaregularschedule(日程安排)isalwaysrecommended.Evenifyoudoallthethingsright,butkeepthemonahaphazard(雜亂無章的)schedule,thentheeffectitcreatesonyourhealthwillshowupintheyearstocome,ifnotimmediately.(無論你在生活中做什么——從吃飯到睡覺再到去健身房——保持規(guī)律的日程安排總是被推薦的。即使你把所有事情都做對了，但把它們安排在一個(gè)隨意的時(shí)間表上，那么它對你健康的影響將在未來幾年顯現(xiàn)出來，如果不是立即顯現(xiàn)的話)”可知，本段主要講要保持規(guī)律的日程安排。而C項(xiàng)Maintainpropertimingsinanycase(在任何情況下都要保持適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間安排)符合語境，對下文有總括作用，其中Maintainpropertimings與下文maintainingaregularschedule對應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Onceuponatime,therewasasmallvillageintheheartofabigjungle(叢林).____21____bythemountainsandintheshadeofgreentrees,thevillagershappilylivedasimplelife.

Allofthem____22____theirdailytasksandnonehadthewilltotrysomethingnew,____23____onegirlnamedHannah.____24____peopleinthevillagecouldread,letalonewrite,andHannahwasoneofthem.Hannahwasa/an____25____personandlovedtoexplore.Oneafternoon,whenHannahwasout,shecameuponanoldcottage,whosedoorwas____26____hanging(懸掛低垂).EventhoughHannah’smotherhadstrictlywarnedhernottogowanderinginabandonedplaces,hercuriosity____27____her.

Shetip-toed(躡手躡腳，墊著腳尖地)slowlytothedoorandopenedit.Shewasleft____28____.InfrontofHannahwasaroomfullofbooksglisteringinthedust,justwaitingtobeexplored.Hannahknewinherheartthatshewouldliketoreadallofthem.She____29____thebooksandtheshelvesuntiltheywereclean.Whenitwasdark,shequicklypickedtwobooksandwentbackhometoreadovernight.Thenextday,shequicklyfinishedherbreakfastandmadeherwaytothecottageagain.

Thelittlegirlwassoinspiredbythebooksandshelearnedthe____30____ofloveandfriendship,andthatthetruestrength____31____withinone’sownheart!

Shedecidedtosharethetaleswiththepeopleofhervillage,whichsheknewwouldbeadifficultjourney.Hannahstartedtellingtaleseverydayathercottageandaddedherowntouchofcuriosityeverynowandthentomakethemmore____32____.

Withtimegoingby,moreandmorepeoplecametothereadings.Hannahremindedeveryone____33____theimportanceofhumanconnection,respect,andlove.Shebecamea____34____foreveryonethateveninthedustiestcorners,therecanbeahidden____35____.Andthattreasureisnotalwaysgold,itcanbeatalesimplywaitingtobeshared.21.A.Lost B.Caught C.Surrounded D.Buried22.A.usedto B.wereusedto C.wereusedfor D.used23.A.exceptfor B.besides C.aswellas D.inadditionto24.A.Many B.Manya C.Few D.Afew25.A.warm B.romantic C.kind D.adventurous26.A.barely B.completely C.simply D.closely27.A.madeuseof B.happenedto C.gotthebestof D.gaveup28.A.disappointed B.delighted C.surprised D.satisfied29.A.dusted B.opened C.moved D.carried30.A.power B.strength C.energy D.force31.A.lies B.happens C.appears D.crosses32.A.disappointing B.interesting C.surprising D.confusing33.A.on B.at C.in D.of34.A.speaker B.reminder C.supporter D.dreamer35.A.trick B.treasure C.love D.gold【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.B27.C28.C29.A30.A31.A32.B33.D34.B35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了愛冒險(xiǎn)的女孩Hannah偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一間滿是書的廢棄小屋，讀了里面的書以后開始在村里講故事，她最終成為了村民的導(dǎo)師?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：群山環(huán)抱，綠樹成蔭，村民們幸福地過著簡樸的生活。A.Lost丟失；B.Caught抓住；C.Surrounded包圍，圍繞；D.Buried埋。由下文“bythemountains”以及語境可知，這里指村莊被山“圍繞”。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：他們都習(xí)慣了日常工作，沒有人愿意嘗試新事物，除了一個(gè)叫Hannah的女孩。A.usedto過去常常；B.wereusedto習(xí)慣于；C.wereusedfor用于；D.used用。由下文“nonehadthewilltotrysomethingnew”可知，村民們“習(xí)慣于”日常工作，不愿意嘗試新事物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞組辨析。句意：他們都習(xí)慣了日常工作，沒有人愿意嘗試新事物，除了一個(gè)叫Hannah的女孩。A.exceptfor除了（不包括在內(nèi)）；B.besides除了（包括在內(nèi)）；C.aswellas以及；D.inadditionto另外。由上文“nonehadthewilltotrysomethingnew”以及下文“l(fā)ovedtoexplore.”可知，這里指“除了”Hannah以外，村民都不愿意嘗試新事物。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查詞代詞義辨析。句意：村里只有幾個(gè)人會讀書，更不用說寫字了，Hannah就是其中之一。A.Many許多；B.Manya很多；C.Few很少（表否定）；D.Afew幾個(gè)。由下文“Hannahwasoneofthem”以及“shequicklypickedtwobooksandwentbackhometoreadovernight”和語境可知，這里指只有“幾個(gè)”人可以閱讀。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Hannah是個(gè)喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人，喜歡探索。A.warm溫暖的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.kind友善的；D.adventurous冒險(xiǎn)的。由下文“l(fā)ovedtoexplore”可知，Hannah是個(gè)喜歡“冒險(xiǎn)的”人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，當(dāng)Hannah外出時(shí)，她偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座舊農(nóng)舍，門完全掛著。A.barely勉強(qiáng)；B.completely完全地；C.simply簡單地；D.closely緊密地。由下文“inabandonedplaces”可知，這些地方?jīng)]有人居住，所以很破敗，門壞了，幾乎“完全”掛著沒有人管。 故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：盡管Hannah的母親嚴(yán)格警告她不要在廢棄的地方游蕩，但她的好奇心還是戰(zhàn)勝了她。A.madeuseof利用；B.happenedto碰巧；C.gotthebestof戰(zhàn)勝，占上風(fēng)；D.gaveup放棄。由下文“Shetip-toed(躡手躡腳，墊著腳尖地)slowlytothedoor”可知，這里指Hannah的好奇心還是“戰(zhàn)勝”了她，所以她還是進(jìn)去了。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她很驚訝。A.disappointed失望的；B.delighted高興的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.satisfied滿意的。由下文“InfrontofHannahwasaroomfullofbooksglisteringinthedust”以及語境可知，這里指破舊房子里裝滿了書，這讓Hannah很“驚訝”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她把書和書架撣干凈。A.dusted撣掉灰塵；B.opened打開；C.moved移動；D.carried攜帶。由上文“InfrontofHannahwasaroomfullofbooksglisteringinthedust”可知，這里指Hannah“撣掉”書和書架上面的“灰塵”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小女孩深受這些書的啟發(fā)，她了解了愛和友誼的力量，真正的力量在于自己的內(nèi)心！A.power力量；B.strength力氣；C.energy能量；D.force武力。由下文“ofloveandfriendship”可知，這里指小女孩了解了愛和友誼的“力量”。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：小女孩深受這些書的啟發(fā)，她學(xué)會了愛和友誼的力量，真正的力量在于自己的內(nèi)心！A.lies存在于；B.happens發(fā)生；C.appears出現(xiàn)；D.crosses跨過。由下文“withinone’sownheart”以及語境可知，這里指真正的力量“存在于”自己的內(nèi)心。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Hannah開始每天在她的小屋里講故事，并時(shí)不時(shí)地加入自己的好奇心，讓故事更有趣。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.interesting有趣的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.confusing令人困惑的。由上文“addedherowntouchofcuriosityeverynowandthen”可知，Hannah這樣做是為了讓故事更“有趣”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：Hannah提醒大家人際關(guān)系、尊重和愛的重要性。A.on關(guān)于；B.at在；C.in在……里；D.of……的。由上文“remi