Unit 1 Section A 1a-3c課件2024-2025學(xué)年人教版八年級英語

Unit1SectionA1a-3cFreetalkWheredidyougoonvacation?Whodidyougowith?Didyouhaveagoodtime?She

visited

the

USA.She

went

to

New

York

City.Wheredidshegoonvacation?Wheredidtheygoonvacation?They

went

to

the

museum.Wheredidyougoon

vacation?Iwent

to

the

Great

Wall.Groupwork1.stayedathome_____2.wenttoNewYorkCity___3.visitedmyuncle___4.wenttosummercamp____5.wenttothemountains___6.wenttothebeach____7.visitedmuseums___Matchtheactivitieswiththepictures[a-g].1aabcefgdbdcgaef1.Tina2.XiangHua3.Sally4.Bob5.Tom4532Listenandnumberthepeopleinthepicture[1-5].1b11cMakeconversationsaboutthepeopleinthepicture.A:WheredidTinagoonvacation?B:Shewenttothemountains.WheredidTomgoonvacation?Hewenttosummercamp.WheredidSallygoonvacation?Shestayedathome.ShewenttoNewYorkCity.WheredidXiangHuagoonvacation?Wheredidhegoonvacation?Hewenttothebeach.動詞過去式動詞原形

wentstayedvisiteddidwashadgostayvisitdoishave1.—Wheredidyougoonvacation?

你去哪兒度假了？

—Iwenttothemountains.我去了山區(qū)。這是一個特殊疑問句。由“特殊疑問詞＋助動詞＋主語＋動詞原形+其他?”構(gòu)成。

由于是詢問已發(fā)生的動作(過去的事情)，所以助動詞用過去式did，其后的動詞用原形。LanguagePoints?—Wheredidyougoyesterday?

你昨天去了哪兒？—Ivisitedmyfriends.

我去拜訪了朋友。

2.Istayedathome.我待在家里。1）stay可以作及物動詞，也可以作不及物動詞。當(dāng)它作不及物動詞時就不能直接接賓語，其后接相應(yīng)的介詞短語，表地點或表狀態(tài)。e.g.stayintheoffice繼續(xù)任職(掌權(quán))

stayawake不睡(醒著)

stayinthearmy留在部隊中

stayathome呆在家中?We’restayinginthesamehotel.我們住在同一家旅館。2)home與house,family的區(qū)別

home指“家”這個概念，包括“住處”和“家人”。

house則指“房子”、“住宅”，側(cè)重于建筑結(jié)構(gòu)。family則指“家庭成員”。當(dāng)family作整體概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；

看作一個個成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。?

IwatchedTVathomelastnight.

我昨晚在家里看電視。?Thishouseisverybeautiful.這房子真漂亮。?Myfamily

isasmallbuthappyone.

我家人不多但很幸福。?Myfamily

arewatchingTV.我的家人在看電視。3.She

visited

her

uncle.

①句中visit是及物動詞，后直接跟賓語，當(dāng)其后接表示人的詞語時譯為“拜訪”。當(dāng)其后接表示地點的名詞時，譯為“參觀”。e.g.visit

the

Summer

Palace—參觀頤和園②visit還可以作名詞“拜訪，參觀”，構(gòu)成短語pay

a

visit

to…/be

on

a

visit

to…譯為“訪問（某人）”“參觀（某地）”

?We

paid

a

visit

to

our

teacher

yesterday.

我們昨天去拜訪了我們的老師。Ex:We

are_____avisit_____our

English

teachernow.

A.on；on

B.to；on

C.

to；to

D.on；to

1.Myhostfamilytriedtocook______for

mewhenIstudiedinNewZealand.A.differentsomethingB.differentanythingC.somethingdifferentD.anythingdifferent2.Themanhas______friendsinthiscity,soheoftenstaysathome.A.afewB.fewC.littleD.alittleCBⅠ.單項選擇。ExercisesLucydidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.(改為否定句)Lucy______________________yesterdayevening.Ihadlunchatmyfriend’shome.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答)—____you___________atyourfriend’shome?—______,________.didn’tdoherhomeworkDidhavelunchYesIdidⅡ.根據(jù)要求改寫下列句子。3.JimwenttothebeachlastSunday.(對畫線部分提問)__________Jim______lastSunday?4.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.(對畫線部分提問)_______________theyplaybasketball?5.Thestudentshadgreatfuninthepark.(改為同義句)Thestudents_____________________inthepark.WheredidgoWhendidhadagood/greattime1.你假期去哪兒了？2.—你假期去什么有趣的地方了？

—是的，我跟我家人去了貴州。Wheredidyougoonvacation?—Didyougoanywhereinterestingonvacation?—Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Ⅲ.漢譯英。中考鏈接Hewent_________（野營)withusandtaughtushowtoputupatent.campinggocamping意為“去野營”。Wheredidyougoonvacation?Iwentto...PairworkWheredidyougoonvacation?I...stayedathomewenttoNewYorkCityvisitedmyunclewenttosummercampwenttothemountainswenttothebeachvisitedmuseumsgofishinggotosummercampvisitmuseumsgohikinggotothebeachgosightseeinggotothemountainsVacation

Activities

stayathomeCentralpark

中央公園位于美國紐約中心的曼哈頓地區(qū)，是紐約最大的都市公園，四季皆有不同美景，獨享紐約“后花園”之美稱。它不僅是紐約市民心目中的休閑勝地，也是世界各地游客向往的著名公園。Doyouknow?Listen.Wheredidthepeoplegoonvacation?Completethechart.PeopleplacesGraceKevinJulieNewYorkCitythebeachathome2aListenagain.Check()Yes,IdidorNo,Ididn’tforeachquestion.Didyou…Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Gracegowithanyone?gotoCentralPark?buyanythingspecial?2bDidyou…Yes,IdidNo,Ididn’t.Kevinplayvolleyball?swim?meetanyoneinteresting?Juliedoanythinginteresting?studyfortests?gooutwithanyone?Completethesentencesusingtheinformationin2b.1.Grace_____toNewYorkCitywithhismother.HethoughtCentralPark_____reallynice.Healso______ahatforhisfather.2.Kevin_____tothebeach.He___________volleyballbut______there.Hethoughtthefood__________reallygood.Healso______someveryinterestingpeople.3.Juliedidn'tgooutwithanyone.Hejust______athomeand________forthetest.wentwasboughtwentdidn’tplayswimwas/tastedmetstayedstudiedA:

Grace,wheredidyougoonvacation?B:

IwenttoNewYorkCity.A:

Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?B:

Yes,Iwentwithmymother.Role-playconversationsbetweenGrace,KevinandJulie.2cGrace:

Wheredidyougoonvacation?Julie:

IwenttoHuangshan.Grace:

Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?Julie:

Yes,Iwentwithmyfriends.Wewere

very

happy.GraceJulieListenandanswerthequestions.Q1:WheredidHelengoonvacationlastmonth?Q2:WhatdidHelendothere?ShewenttoGuizhouwithherfamily.ShesawHuangguoshuWaterfallandtookquiteafewphotos.Role-playtheconversation.2dRick:Hi,Helen.Longtimenosee.Helen:Hi,Rick.Yes,Iwasonvacationlastmonth.Rick:Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?Helen:Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Rick:Wow!DidyouseeHuangguoshuWaterfall?Helen:Yes,Idid.Itwaswonderful!Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.Whataboutyou?Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?Rick:Notreally.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.Helenwasonvacationlastmonth.She_______toGuizhouwithherfamilyand____HuangguoshuWaterfall.Itwas__________.Shetook___________photosthere.Rickdidn’tdo_________speciallastmonth.Hejust_________________mostofthetimetoreadandrelax.wentsawwonderfulquiteafewanythingstayedathomeFillintheblanksaccordingtotheconversation.1.—DidyougotoCentralPark?你去中心公園了嗎？

—Yes,Idid.是的，去了。這是一個一般疑問句，由助動詞提問，回答也用助動詞。由于詢問的是發(fā)生在過去的事，所以助動詞用過去式did。一般過去時的一般疑問句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：Did＋主語＋動詞原形＋其它?LanguagePoints回答:Yes,主+did./No,主+didn’t.在過去時態(tài)中,無論主語是第幾人稱，是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，助動詞一律用did。

e.g.—Didyou/he/she/theygototheparklastnight?—Yes,I/he/she/theydid.—No,I/he/she/theydidn’t.2.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?

在英語中，anything,something,nothing和everything是用于指代事物的復(fù)合不定代詞，與之相對應(yīng)的復(fù)合不定代詞anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。與形容詞連用時,形容詞必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞之后，語法上稱作“后置”。e.g.somethingimportant——重要的事Icanseesomeonenewinyourgroup.

我看出你們小組里有新人。There’snothinginterestinginthenewstoday.

今天的新聞里沒有什么有趣的事。3.Iwasonvacationlastmonth.

beonvacation譯為“在度假”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)。而gotovacation,“去度假”，強調(diào)動作。我們應(yīng)該如何區(qū)分英語中強調(diào)動作和狀態(tài)的詞語：

1）一般來說，單獨的動詞/短語一般強調(diào)動作；而“be+分詞/形容詞”則只表狀態(tài)。如marrysb.和getmarriedtosb.表動作，而bemarriedtosb.表狀態(tài)。2）如果動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，則一般它既可表示

動作，也可以表示狀態(tài)。

e.g.live/stay/work…3）如果是單獨的瞬間性動詞，則它只表示動作。

e.g.getup/puton/begin…4.

Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.

此句中quiteafew是一個整體結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“相當(dāng)多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞，不能與afew(少數(shù)幾個)混淆。比較下面例句中quiteafew和afew的區(qū)別：e.g.Thereareonlyafewbooksonthetable,butIstillhavequiteafewinthebookcase.雖然桌上只有幾本書，但我的書柜里還有很多書。quiteafew相當(dāng)多的；不少的相當(dāng)于many，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。quitealittle許多的，相當(dāng)多的相當(dāng)于much，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。quiteafew與quitealittle5.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?復(fù)合不定代詞分為：指物：anything,something,nothing,everything指人：anyone,someone,noone,everyone/anybody,somebody,nobody,everybody“后置”：復(fù)合不定代詞+adj.e.g.Icanseesomeonenewinyourgroup.復(fù)合不定代詞adj.+—Wheredidyougoonvacation?—IwenttoNewYorkCity.—Didyougooutwithanyone?—No.Noonewashere.Everyonewas

onvacation.—Did

youbuyanything

special?—Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.—No,Ibought

nothing.SummaryⅠ.寫出下列動詞的過去時。stay_________do_________stop_________play_________is_________go___________buy_______have_______use_________visit_________are_________study_________stayedplayedwasdidusedboughthadwentvisitedstudiedwerestoppedExercisesⅡ.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示填寫單詞。1.Hedidn’tfinda________inthebag.

Thebagisempty.

2.Themovieisveryw_________,andIlikeitverymuch.

3.Theywanttogo_______________(某地)warm.It’stoocoldhere.nythingonderfulsomewhereⅢ.按要求完成句子。1.Iwentsomewhereinteresting.（改為否定句）I________________________interesting.2.Sheboughtsomethingforherfather.（改為一般疑問句）_______she___________________forherfather?3.Wefedsomehenslastnight.(對畫線部分提問)_______________you________lastnight?4.bought,something,I,special,lastvacation(連詞成句)______________________________________________.didn’tgoanywhereDidbuyanythingWhatdiddoIboughtsomethingspeciallastvacationⅣ.翻譯句子。1.你假期去哪兒了？2.—你假期去什么有趣的地方了嗎？

—是的，我跟我家人去了山西。Wheredidyougoonvacation?—Didyougoanywhereinterestingonvacation?—Yes,IwenttoShanxiwithmyfamily.3.今天的新聞里沒有什么有趣的內(nèi)容。

4.—湯姆假期去哪兒玩了？

—他去爬山了?！猈heredidTomgoonvacation?—Hewenttothemountains.There’snothinginterestinginthenewstoday.Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougooutwithanyone?No,noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?No,Iboughtnothing.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocus1.你去了什么地方去度假？

___________yougoon________?2.我去了紐約市。

I_________NewYorkCity.3.你和別的什么人一起去的嗎？

____________gooutwith_______?vacationWheredidwenttoDidyouanyone認真讀并觀察Grammarfocus內(nèi)容，完成下列句子并試著總結(jié)一般過去時態(tài)的用法。4.不，沒有別人在這兒。每個人都在度假。

No._________washere.________wason________.5.你買了什么特別的東西了嗎？

_____youbuy_______________?6.是的，我為我爸爸買了些東西。

Yes,I________________formyfather.7.不，我沒有買什么東西。

No,I________________.NooneEveryonevacationanythingspecialDidboughtsomethingboughtnothing8.吃的怎么樣？________thefood?9.所有的東西嘗起來都很好。

_________________reallygood.10.每個人都玩得很開心嗎？

_____________haveagoodtime?11.哦，是的。一切都很棒。

Oh,yes.____________wasexcellent.HowwasEverythingtastedDideveryoneEverything1.定義:

1)

表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語(如yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago...)連用；2)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和表示頻度的時間狀語(如often,always…)連用。一般過去時有哪些時間狀語可以用來描述過去？一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用。a）時間狀語

ago（twohoursago）（一段時間+ago）

yesterday（句子開頭或結(jié)尾）

thedaybeforeyesterday

lastweek,last(year,night,month…)

具體時間（如Jan.4th）justnowattheageof...onedaylongagoonceuponatime（很久以前）thismorninglonglongago

SentencesIdidmyhomework

yesterday.Iplayedsoccer

lastSunday.Icleanedmyroom

lastweek.Iwenttothebeach

threeyearsago.Iplayedtenniswithmyfriends

lastweekend.I

wenttothemovies

threedaysago.注：“過去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday,lastweek,…”等，實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”，亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”，哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之前”，只要所要表達的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在”形成對立，就必須使用一般過去時來表達。在談到已死去的人的情況時，多用過去時。

e.g.He

was

here

only

a

few

minutes

ago.僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。I

came

home

just

now.我剛回到家。

I

got

up

very

early

this

morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He

was

late

for

school

again

today.今天他又遲到了。a）動詞變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化:1.直接加ed：

work—workedlook—lookedplay—played

2.

以e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d：

live—livedhope—hopeduse——used3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed：

study——studiedcarry——carried

worry——worried

4.以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加ed：

enjoy——enjoyedplay——played

5.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed：

stop——stoppedplan——planned

規(guī)則動詞過去式詞尾-ed的讀音讀音規(guī)則讀音例詞在濁輔音和元音后面/d/moved/mu:vd/在清輔音后面/t/passed/pa:st/在/t/、/d/后面/id/started['sta:tid]am,is—was

are—werego—went

do—didhave—had

come—cametake—took

say—saideat—ate

see—sawget—got

put—putsleep—sleptgive—gavewrite—wroteread—readb）動詞不規(guī)則變化/red/buy—bought

sit—satrun—ranswim

—swammake—made

feel—felthear—heard

grow—grewtell—told

know—knewfind—foundbegin—beganbring

—broughtstand—stoodspend—spentcatch—caughtteach—taught動詞不規(guī)則變化基本結(jié)構(gòu)：

be動詞的過去式PresentPastamwasiswasarewere單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Iwas

wewereyouwere

(一個人)

youwere

(不只一人)shewas

theywerehewasitwas肯定句：主語+was

(were)

+其它.

e.g.I

was

late

yesterday.

昨天我遲到了。

否定句：主語+was

(were)

+not+其它.

e.g.We

weren’t

late

yesterday.

我們昨天沒遲到。be

動詞的一般過去時態(tài)構(gòu)成：疑問句：Was

(Were)

+主語+其它?

e.g.

Were

you

ill

yesterday?

你昨天病了嗎？

肯定回答：

Yes,

I

was.

是的，我病了。

否定句：

No,

I

wasn’t.

不，我沒病。

特殊疑問句：

特殊疑問詞+was

(were)

+主語+其它?

e.g.When

were

you

born?

你是什么時候出生的？A:How

yourvacation,Lin?B:It

prettygood.A:How

thebeaches?B:

They

great.A:How

theweather?B:It

hotandwet.A:How

thepeople?B:They

unfriendly.A:How

thestores?B:

They

expensive.waswaswerewerewaswaswerewerewerewerebe—am/is(was)are(were)be填空肯定句要使用動詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和

does

的過去式

did。

肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其它.

e.g.I

went

home

at

nine

o’clock

yesterday.

我昨天九點鐘回的家。

否定句：主語+didn’t

+動詞原形+其它.

e.g.I

didn’t

go

home

yesterday.

我昨天沒回家。實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)

疑問句：Did

+主語+動詞原形+其它？

e.g.

Did

you

go

home

yesterday?

你昨天回家了嗎？肯定回答：Yes,

I

did.

是的，我回了。

否定回答：No,

I

didn’t.

不，我沒回家。一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式肯定式疑問式否定式IworkedDidIworkIdidnotworkHe/She/ItworkedDidhe/she/itworkHe/She/ItdidnotworkWeworkedDidweworkWedidnotworkYouworkedDidyouworkYoudidnotworkTheyworkedDidtheyworkTheydidnotwork動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標(biāo)志；一般動詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后didn’t添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；如果謂語之前有did，謂語動詞需還原；動詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。易記歌謠Lastsummer,I______tothebeachwithmyparents.Myvacation_____prettygood.I____therebybus_____mybustrip______relaxing.Thebeach______verybeautiful.It_______sunny.I_________beachvolleyballand______swimming.Thepeople______friendlyandthefoodwas________.I__________myvacationverymuchandI_________togothereagain.wentwaswentandwaswaswasweredeliciousenjoyedhopeplayedwentWriteaboutyourvacationandgiveareport.某人某事任何人任何事沒有人沒有東西每人一切someoneanyonenooneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomethinganythingnothingeverything復(fù)合不定代詞小結(jié)：1.some,any,no,every與-one,-thing，-body可以組成復(fù)合不定代詞，他們分別是：2.復(fù)合不定代詞用法(1)some系列的不定代詞和some一樣主要用于肯

定句；any系列的不定代詞和any一樣主要用于否

定或疑問句。如：

Thereis___________wrongwithmybike.

我的自行車出毛病了。

Ican’tsee_______intheclassroom.

在教室里我沒看見任何人。somethinganyone

不過，在表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中常用some系列的詞。eg.Wouldyoulike___________todrink?

你想要一些喝的東西嗎？在表達“任何”這一含義的肯定句中也要用any系列的詞。eg.Ithink__________candoit.我認為任何人都會做。anyonesomething(2)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,anyone等的adj,adv,todo不定式等要放在不定代詞的后面。如：Didyoumeet__________________?

你遇見有趣的人了嗎？

Ihave________todotoday.

我今天沒什么事可做。

There’s__________________inthenewspapertoday.

今天的報紙里有一些重要的內(nèi)容。anyoneinterestingnothing

somethingimportant(4)no系列的不定代詞可與not...any系列的不定代詞替換。

eg.

Iboughtnothing.=I______buy___________.

我什么也沒買。didn'tanything(3)這些不定代詞作主語時看作單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

eg.Everyone______onvacationlastweekends.

上周末所有的人都在度假。wasLinda:Didyoudo___________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so___________wasreallyinteresting.Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anythingeverything3aanyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothingLinda:Didyougowith__________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought__________formyparents,but_________formyself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy__________foryourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee____________Iliked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganythingDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo________

interesting?Did________inthefamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.__________wasgreat.anythingeverythingnothingeveryonenooneFillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.anythingeveryoneEverything3bWefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas__________muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still__________seemedtobebored.Byefornow!MarknothingnooneDidyou…EveryoneSomeone(writetheclassmates’name)Nooneeatanything

atarestaurant?readanythinginteresting?visitanyoneinyourfamily?buyanything?keepadiary?Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.Inourgroup,everyoneatesomethingatarestaurant...3c2.anyone,someone,everyone,noone,anything,something,everything，nothing等復(fù)合不定代詞的用法。Su