2022版高考英語一輪復習-16-跨文化溝通包容與合作課時提能練

2022版高考英語一輪復習16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時提能練2022版高考英語一輪復習16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時提能練PAGE2022版高考英語一輪復習16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時提能練2022版高考英語一輪復習16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時提能練年級：姓名：課時提能練(十六)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·合肥市教學質量檢測)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries，buthowaboutthewesternworlditself？Surprisingly，acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile;theydoit，sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly，andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans，onthecontrary，prefertokeepamoreneutral(不帶感情色彩的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood，orfeelamused;ifnot，aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral，orevendull.InRussia，forexample，thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious，orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative;smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay，andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully，consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions，andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen-minded，flexible，andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically;butatthesametime，Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice，butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication，sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans，onthecontrary，aremorestraightforward，preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了西方國家的文化差異。1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculture-relatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.A[推理判斷題。作者在第二段中講到了美國人、歐洲人對微笑的不同解讀，據(jù)此可以推知，在西方國家笑是與文化有關的，故A項正確。]2．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'communication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalksandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward...takeashower”可知，歐洲人通常坦誠地表達自己，故選D。A項意為“繞圈子，拐彎抹角地講話”。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.B[代詞指代題。畫線詞前的“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice”與后面的“messupdailyorevenprivatecommunication”存在轉折關系，又結合語境可推知，it指代的應該是美國人的這種政治正確性，故選B。]4．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.B[推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者通過分析美國人和歐洲人對微笑的不同解讀以及通常在交際中的不同表現(xiàn)來展開文章，因此可推知，作者是通過作比較展開文章的，故選B。]B(2020·惠州市調研考試)Being“young”isassociatedwithallthegoodthingsinlife—beauty，hope，andenergy.Butyouthalsohasnegativeassociations—impulsiveness，troublemaking，andirresponsibility.Thisnegativesideseemstobewhatsocietyfocusesonmore，whichiswhyyoungpeoplehavemostlybeenconsideredasidleanddifficult.ButwhenitcomestoGenerationZ—thosebornbetween1995and2010—thisstereotypedoesn'tseemtoapplyanymore.InJapan，forexample，GenZersarelesslikelytobuyonimpulse，buttakeintoconsiderationmoreaproduct'struevalue.“They'relookingatthecompanies，notjusttheproducts，”MasahikoUotani，CEOofJapanesecosmeticscompanyShiseido，toldBloomberg.“They'reasking，‘Aretheyreallydeliveringvaluetothesociety?Aretheypromotingdiversityandinclusiveness？’”GenZersarealsomoregroundedthanwe'veexpectedthemtobe.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyBankofAmerica，morethanhalfofyoungadultsagedbetween18and23saidtheywereplanningtobuyahousewithinfiveyears.Andthey'renotjustsayingit—theyarewillingtomakesacrificesforit，includinggettingasecondjobandsavingmoneyforadownpaymentinsteadofspendingitonavacation.“Despitetheiryoungage，thisgroupispragmaticandactivelyplanningfortheirfuture，”D．SteveBoland，headofConsumerLendingatBankofAmerica，toldUSAToday.“Theyhaveaclearvisionofhowtheyarewillingtohelpthemselvesinordertomakeithappen.”SocialissuesarealsoatthecenterofconcernofGenZers，whotakethemselvesasachangingforceoftheworld.InIndia，forexample，youngpeoplewhohavejustreachedthevotingageareeagertovoteforanewleaderwhoiscapableofsolvingproblemsthatmatterthemosttothem，includingpollution，unemploymentandwomen'ssafety.AsaGenZeryourself，whatisyourplanforthefuture?【語篇解讀】Z一代是指在1995年和2010年之間出生的人，這一代人在消費方面比較理智。他們比我們想象中更理性、務實，他們對未來有清晰的設想，這顛覆了人們對年輕人的傳統(tǒng)看法。5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisstereotype”inParagraph2referto?A．Beingyoungisgood.B．GenZersarebornafter1995.C．Thetraditionalpoorimpressionsontheyouth.D．Theassociationswithyoungpeople.C[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句可知，社會更關注與年輕人相關的負面情況，通常，年輕人被認為是懶散的和難相處的。結合畫線部分所在句可知，此處表述這種刻板印象不再適用于Z一代。故畫線部分指的是上文提到的人們對年輕人的傳統(tǒng)的、糟糕的印象，故選C。]6．Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthat________.A．GenZersinJapanarepickyB．GenZersareself-centeredC．GenZerscarelittleaboutproductsD．GenZersarewisewhenshoppingD[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內容，尤其是“GenZersarelesslikelytobuyonimpulse...They'relookingatthecompanies，notjusttheproducts”可知，Z一代不太可能沖動購物，他們會更多地考慮產(chǎn)品的真正價值，由此可推知，Z一代在購物時是明智的，故正確答案為D。A項意為“日本的Z一代很挑剔”，第三段是講述日本的Z一代在消費中很理性，并無信息表明他們挑剔。]7．What'sD．SteveBoland'sattitudetotheGenZers?A．Approving. B．Negative.C．Indifferent. D．Critical.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的關鍵詞D.SteveBoland定位到文章第五段，根據(jù)該段內容可知，D.SteveBoland認為盡管Z一代很年輕，但這代人務實且積極地規(guī)劃他們的未來，他們有清晰的設想并愿意努力去實現(xiàn)它；由此可推知，D.SteveBoland對于Z一代是持贊同的態(tài)度的，故正確答案為A。]8．WhichofthefollowingwordsmaybestdescribetheGenZers?A．Confidentandindependent.B．Visionaryandresponsible.C．Persistentanddown-to-earth.D．Activeandcreative.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段可知，Z一代會積極規(guī)劃他們的未來并努力實現(xiàn)自己的設想，由此可知，他們是有遠見的；又根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內容，尤其是第一句“Socialissuesarealso...oftheworld”可知，社會問題也是Z一代關注的中心，并且他們認為自己是改變世界的力量，由此可推知Z一代是有責任感的。故正確答案為B。C項意為“執(zhí)著且務實的”，文中體現(xiàn)了Z一代是務實的，但沒有相關信息表明他們是執(zhí)著的。]Ⅱ.完形填空Foryears,coupleshavededicated(把……專用于)asingle“ring”fingerofthelefthandtoromancewhenanyotherfingerwoulddo.Acasefortheleftside,thestrongside?1accordingtohistory.IntheMiddleAges,gettingcaughtwritingwithone'slefthandcouldearn2ofbeingabnormalandinSpain,left-handedpeoplemightevengetsevere3.Sowhydowe4aPast5wasn'tallbad.Theunionofmarriageandthenow-standardringplacementcanbe6backtosecond-centuryEgyptianswhofalselybelievedthat“acertainmostfragile7”beganinthefourthfingerofthelefthandandwentdirectlytotheheart.Centurieslater，theRomanscametoa(n)8conclusion.Buttheywereconvincedthata“l(fā)over'svein(靜脈)”—in9ofanerve—connectedthisfingerwiththeorganthat10blood.DuringtheRomanengagement(訂婚)process,arichmanwhocould11aringwouldputitonhisbride-to-be'sfourthfinger.Themodernworldmayhave12thatcustomfromtheRomans.Untiltheseventeenthcentury,Europeancouples13woretheirringsontherighthand.Butin1549,anEnglishreformerpublishedabook,whichinstructscouplestoabandonacenturies-old14byslippingtheirweddingringsoverthelefthand'sfourthfinger.Beforelong,couplesthroughoutthecontinent15.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了結婚戒指戴在左手無名指上這一做法的起源。1．A.Maybe B．IndeedC．Sure D．NotD[上文提到“多年來，夫婦們都是把象征愛情的戒指戴在左手無名指上，雖然其他任何手指也可以履行這一職責。難道是因為左手是更好的那只手嗎？”，根據(jù)下文內容可知，此處應表示“歷史上可不是這樣說的”。故用Not。]2．A.accusations B．debatesC．discriminations D．a(chǎn)nxietiesA[在中世紀，被發(fā)現(xiàn)用左手寫字會面臨行為失常的指控(accusations)。]3．A.blame B．hateC．punishment D．disapprovalC[在西班牙，慣用左手的人甚至很可能受到嚴懲(punishment)。句中的even暗示此處應比前一種情況更嚴重。]4．A.justify B．a(chǎn)rrangeC．reward D．favorD[那么我們?yōu)槭裁催x擇(favor)左手的一根手指來象征永恒的愛呢？]5．A.belief B．behaviorC．history D．experienceA[根據(jù)下文的內容可知，此處表示“過去的看法也不全都是不好的”。故選belief“看法，信念”。]6．A.put B．tracedC．rooted D．heldB[婚姻和現(xiàn)行的戒指佩戴位置的結合可以追溯到2世紀的埃及人身上。trace...backto...“追溯……到……”。]7．A.organ B．fingerC．soul D．nerveD[當時埃及人誤以為“某個最脆弱的神經(jīng)”從左手第四根手指開始，一直延伸到心臟。下文中的“in________ofanerve”是提示。]8．A.contrary B．a(chǎn)ccurateC．similar D．mistakenC[幾世紀后，羅馬人也得出了相似的(similar)結論，但是羅馬人認為把左手無名指和輸送血液的器官連接起來的不是神經(jīng)，而是“愛人的靜脈”。]9．A.place B．consequenceC．view D．a(chǎn)dvanceA[參見上題解析。]10．A.purifies B．producesC．a(chǎn)bsorbs D．pumpsD[此處表示“輸送血液的器官”，即上文提到的“theheart”，故用pump表示“用泵(或泵樣器官等)輸送”。]11．A.possess B．a(chǎn)ffordC．make D．valueB[根據(jù)前面的“rich”可知，此處應是表示“買得起戒指的富人”，故用afford。]12．A.promoted B．a(chǎn)doptedC．based D．developedB[現(xiàn)代社會可能從羅馬人那里承襲(adopted)了這種風俗。]13．A.normally B．ridiculouslyC．politely D．romanticallyA[一直到17世紀，歐洲夫婦通常(normally)都將戒指戴在右手上。ridiculously“荒謬地”；politely“有禮貌地”；romantically“浪漫地”。]14．A.restriction B．habitC．practice D．feelingC[這本書指導夫婦們拋棄這種悠久的做法(practice)，鼓勵他們把結婚戒指戴在左手無名指上。]15．A.tookthelead B．cutadealC．pouredinto D．followedsuitD[不久，全歐洲的夫婦們都仿效了這種做法。followsuit“仿效”，符合語境。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2020·太原市模擬)Cultureconflictscanoccuranytimeyoutravel，buteveryonceinawhiletheyhappeninsometrulyunexpectedways.Fromshoppingwithmanycoinsto1.________(light)upacigaretteoutdoors，thesearestrangeandembarrassingtravelmistakes2.________(travel)woulddotheirbesttoavoid.Forexample，3.________isillegaltofeedpigeonsonthestreetsofSanFrancisco.Thecity4.________(know)fortheGoldenGateBridgeblamesthecommonbirdsforspreadingdiseaseanddamagingproperty.Anyone5.________iscaughtprovidingfoodforSanFrancisco'spigeonscouldfaceaheavyfine.Moreover，citizens6.________(encourage)toreportpigeonfeederstothecity'spolicedepartment.Foranotherexample，you'dbetterthinktwicebeforeyousmokeinSingapore.Singaporehasthe7.________(serious)smokingpenalty(處罰)intheworld.Smokinginpublicwillearnatoughfine.More8.________(surprise)，ifyou'reshoppinginCanada，don'texpectcashiers9.________(accept)manycoinsasyoursolemethodofpayment.AccordingtoCanada'sCurrencyAct，storescanlegallyrefuseexcessiveamounts10.________coins.Withpennies,forexample，customerspaymentsmayberejectediftheytrytousemorethan25one-centcoinsatatime.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了旅游當中游客可能會面臨的一些文化沖突。比如，舊金山禁止游客在街頭喂鴿子，新加坡重罰在公共場所抽煙者，而加拿大則可以拒收大量硬幣。1．lighting[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處作介詞to的賓語，需要用動名詞形式；另外，結合from...to...結構中from后面動詞的形式也可以判斷，空處應用動名詞形式，所以填lighting。]2．travel(l)ers[考查詞形轉換。分析句子結構可知，此處是一個定語從句，空處考查定語從句的主語，應該用名詞；travel(l)er是一個可數(shù)名詞，再結合空后面的dotheirbest可知，空處應該用復數(shù)，所以填travel(l)ers。]3．it[考查代詞。此處應用it作形式主語，真正的主語為“tofeedpigeonsonthestreetsofSanFrancisco”，所以填it。]4．known[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，本句謂語為blames，空處作非謂語，邏輯主語為名詞city，兩者之間為被動關系，作后置定語，所以填known。]5．who[考查關系詞。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，且在從句中作主語，修飾代詞Anyone，所以填who。]6．a(chǎn)reencouraged[考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處作句子的謂語，結合整篇文章時態(tài)可知，空處用一般現(xiàn)在時；市民被鼓勵向市警察局舉報喂鴿子的人，因此需要用被動語態(tài)；主語citizens為可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，所以填areencouraged。]7．mostserious[考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意“新加坡是世界上對抽煙處罰最嚴重的國家”可知，空處需要填形容詞最高級，所以填mostserious。]8．surprisingly[考查詞性轉換。分析句子結構可知，空處應用副詞修飾整個句子，所以填surprisingly。]9．toaccept[考查非謂語動詞。expectsb.todosth.為固定表達，意為“期待某人做某事”，所以填toaccept。]10．of[考查介詞。amountsof為固定表達，意為“大量的”，所以填of。]Ⅳ.應用文寫作(2021·新高考八省聯(lián)考卷)假定你是李華，準備參加學校組織的英文詩朗誦比賽。請給外教George寫封郵件求助，內容包括：1．說明比賽要求；2．請他推薦英文詩；3．請教朗誦技巧。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。DearGeorge，I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【參考范文】DearGeorge，I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.OurschoolwillholdanEnglishPoetryReadingContestnextweekend.Iameagertohaveatry.Itisrequiredthatthethemeshouldbeaboutnature.Eachcontestantisgivenuptofiveminutestoreadthepoem.Sowouldyoupleasebesokindtogivemesomerecommendationsonwhichpoemtochoose?Besides,whatIneedaretheskillsofrecitation,includingpronunciationandintonation,whichwillperfectmyperformance.I'dappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeguidance.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，Li_HuaⅤ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。(2020·廣州市階段訓練)MysisterJeanneandIwerebornonly14monthsapart，andweoncesharedmanyhappymoments.ShelikedtellingjokestomeandIwouldlaughheartily.Shealwayssaidshelovedmylaughteranditwasthemostimpressivesoundforher.Butbythetimewewereteenagerswehadyearswithoutspeakingandlosttouchduetofamilybreaking.Byage19，IhadmovedawayfromourhomeinWisconsintoliveonmyfather'shorsefarminVirginia.Jeannegotmarriedat20，movedtoChicago，andbecame—well，Ididn'tknowwhat.Welivedseparatelivesinseparatestates，andourconnectionsomehowended.Fast-forwardaboutfiveyears.Iwas24andonatripwithmybestfriendtoNewYorkCity，aplaceIhadneverbeento.Itwassodifferentfrommyhometown.IwasusedtoridingmyhorsetothecornerstorewhereeveryonekneweveryoneandeverythingwentoninthequietlittlecowboytownofDriver，Virginia.WewenttoNewYorktovisitmyfriend'scousinandseethesights.WewenttoLittleItaly,theStatueofLiberty，Chinatown,andseveralManhattanclubs.Ihadneverseensomanytaxisinonespotinallmylife.Duringadayofsightseeing，wewerecrossingaverybusystreetloadedwithpeople.Everyonewasinahurry.Iwaslaughingatsomethingmyfriendjustsaid，andthenIsuddenlyheardmynameyelledfromsomewherebehindme：“Cheryl！”Thevoicewassofamiliar.Ifrozeinmystepsinthemiddleoftheroad.Tearswelledupspontaneously(不