專題06短文選詞填空-2022年中考英語必考題型終極押題（南京專用）

2022年中考英語必考題型終極押題（南京專用）短文選詞填空（2021·江蘇南京·一模）humanhealth

Causeof

Infact

fullof

athomePlasticbagsareeverywhere.Plasticbagsareaconvenientwaytocarrysomethingwebuywhenwegoshopping.Theyareapartofourmodernlives,andwedon’tthinkmuchaboutthem.

___1___,itissaidthatupto10millionplasticbagsareusedeveryminutearoundtheworld.300to700plasticbagspassthroughthehandsofanaverageAmericaninjustoneyear.FoodandRuralAffairsconcludedthattheaveragehouseholdintheUnitedKingdomstoresaround40plasticshoppingbags___2___.Whataboutyou?Doyoualsohavethatkitchendrawer___3___plasticbagsyoubringfromyourshoppingtrips?Well,let’shavealookatthereasonswhysingleuseplasticbagsshouldbebannedrightnow.REASONS1.___4___environmentalpollution.2.Killingwildlife.3.Harmfulto____5____4.Noteasytorecycle.5.Highcostsforcleanup（2021·江蘇·南師附中新城初中二模）around

also

looklike

setup

materialsWangTaosetupasmallbusinessinShanghaifouryearsago.Heisknownforusingironandother____6____fromoldcarstomakebeautifulartpieces.Somearelargepiecesthat____7____animalsorhumans,andsomeareevenpiecesyoucanputathome.Themorepopularworkscanevenbeseeninartshops____8____thecity.WangTaohopesto____9____a“metalart”themeparktoshowpeopletheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.Notonlycantheartbringhappinesstoothers,butit____10____showsthatevencold,hardironcanbebroughtbacktolifewithalittlecreativity.（2021·江蘇南京·二模）however,leadto,number,enjoyyourself,isgoodforHowmuchcoffeecanyoudrinkinaday?The___11___isalothigherthanyouexpect.Infact,astudyshowsyoucanhaveatleastfourcupsofcoffeeeveryday.Surprisingly,coffee___12___yourhealthinmanyways.Thestudysaysthatdrinkingcoffeeeverydayhelpsyoulivelonger.Coffeealsoimprovesyourmemoryandreducesyourtiredness.Drinkingcoffeeisofhelp.Drinkingtoomuch,___13___,canhaveabadinfluenceonyou.Drinkingmorethanfourcupsofcoffeemay___14___someseriousproblems.Youmaynotsleepwellifyoudrinkcoffeelaterintheafternoon.So,ifyou’reinneedofahotdrinkinthelateafternoon.Youcan___15___withacupofgreentea—whichisalsofullofallkindsofhealthadvantages.（2021·江蘇南京·二模）lucky,interested,wenton,develophercareer,grewupTheactressEmmaWatson____16____nearOxfordinthesouthofEnglandandtrainedasanactressattheStagecoachSchoolinOxford.Althoughshehadonlyactedinafewschoolplays,in2001shewas____17____enoughtogettheroleofHermioneintheHarryPotterfilmseries.Thiswastherolewhichfirstmadeherfamous.SheappearedinalleightoftheHarryPotterfilmsfrom2001to2011.AftertheHarryPotterfilms,Emma____18____workinginfilms,butalsospentafewyearsstudyingEnglishLiteratureatuniversity.Sheactedwhileshestudied,andsince2012shehascontinuedto____19____andhasappearedinseveralverysuccessfulfilms.Sheis____20____infashionaswell,andhasworkedasafashionmodelforawellknownfashionmagazine.（2021·江蘇南京·二模）even,simply,infact,aredecoratedwith,aswellasWhatdoestakingthetrainmeantoyou?Perhapsit’sjustawayofgettingtoyourdestination(目的地).____21____,thetrainitselfcanbepartofthefun.OnMarch28,China’sfirstpandathemedtouristtrainleftChengduinSichuanforZunyiinGuizhou.ItsoonbecamethetalkofChinawithitsspecialdesignandfortableservice.Itsinsideandoutside____22____giantpandapictures.Attendants(乘務(wù)員)carrypandatoysandpassengerscantrypandashapedfood____23____Sichuansnacks.Somepeoplecallita“mobilestar

hotel”.Passengerscan____24____useits5Gnetworkaswell.Thisluxury(高檔的)serviceisoneaspectthathasattractedtravelers.Buttraintravelappealsto(吸引)peopleforotherreasons.Inthefastpacedtimeswelivein,traintravelisagoodwaytoslowdown.Itgivesyoutimeandspacetoread,sleep,chatwithfriends,or____25____donothingbutwatchthechangingscenesoutside.（2021·江蘇南京·一模）number

beheld

decision

lessthan

takepartinGetoutyourguitars!Dustoffyourdrums!Thisyear’sschooltalentshowwill____26____onMay15.Tomakethisyear’sshowthebestever,wearetryingtogetasmanydifferentkindsofactsaspossible.Singers,dancers,storytellers,magicianswhateveryourtalentmaybe,youareweleto____27____theshow.We

arealsohopingtohavemorefamily

actswithparentsandchildrenperformingtogether.Mostpeopleseemtoagreethatlastyear’sshowhadtoomanysongs.Someofthemweretoolong.Thisyear,weplantolimitthe____28____ofsongstonomorethan

six.Thetimeofeachperformanceshouldbe____29____fiveminutes.Thetalentshowsignupsheet(報(bào)名表)isintheschooloffice.Studentswhowant

tobeintheshowshouldsignupassoonaspossible.ThelastdaytosignupisApril30Ms.ChenandMr.Zhangwillmakethefinal____30____aboutwhichactswillbeincludedintheshow.（2021·江蘇·模擬預(yù)測）happy

few

over

joke

thirdOncetherewasawiseman.Peoplecametohim,sayingthattheywerenot___31___aboutthesameproblemseverytime.Onedayhetoldthema___32___andeveryonelaughedloudly.Afterafewminutes,hetoldthemthesamejokeandthistimeonlya___33___ofthemsmiled.Whenhetoldthesamejokeforthe___34___time,noonelaughedanymore.Thewisemansmiledandsaid,“Youcan’tlaughatthesamejoke___35___andoveragain.Sowhyareyoualwayscryingaboutthesameproblems?”（2021·江蘇·模擬預(yù)測）think

be

play

disappear

makeDoyoulikemagic?Doyouwant____36____amagician?Adam,35,fromNewHampshire,____37____hisdreametruealready.Twomonthsago,heinventedanewkindofmagic.Whenheplayswithit,itlooksasifhe'sshootingfireballfromhishands.Adamsaid,"I'vebeeninterestedinmagicsinceIwasonlysix.I____38____ofthisideaafterplayingaroundwithsomeflashpaperwithchemicalsonit,whichburnsverybrightandfast.WhileI____39____withthefireandafterturningmysmokealarmoffforthehundredthtimeIrealizeditcouldbeacooltick."Heexplained,"Whenyoulightflashpaper,it____40____veryquickly.Itisverysafeifyouuseitintherightway."（2021·江蘇·模擬預(yù)測）but;poor;child;enough;buyMyunclelivesinasmallvillage.Hehastwo____41____.Inthepastmyuncleandauntworkedveryhard,____42____theylivedahardlife.Theywereoftenworriedaboutfoodandclothes.Sometimestheyhadlittlefood.In2015myfather____43____fivesheepforthemandthreeyearslatertheyhadnearlythirtysheep.Theysoldtensheepeveryyearandmadealotofmoney.Nowtheyaren't____44____anymore.Theyhaveanewhouseandhave____45____food.Lastmonth,theycametoseeusandwewereallveryhappy.參考答案：1．Infact2．a(chǎn)thome3．fullof4．Causeof5．humanhealth【解析】【分析】本文主要講述塑料袋的使用現(xiàn)狀，提出了禁止使用塑料袋的原因。1．句意：事實(shí)上，據(jù)說全世界每分鐘使用的塑料袋多達(dá)1000萬個。根據(jù)“itissaidthatupto10millionplasticbagsareusedeveryminutearoundtheworld”可知，此處表示事實(shí)上，備選詞匯“Infact”表示“事實(shí)上”符合語境。故填I(lǐng)nfact。2．句意：食品和農(nóng)村事務(wù)部得出的結(jié)論是，英國的普通家庭在家里存放大約40個塑料購物袋。根據(jù)“theaveragehouseholdintheUnitedKingdomstoresaround40plasticshoppingbags...”可知，空處缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，備選詞匯“athome”表示“在家”符合語境。故填athome。3．句意：你的廚房抽屜里也裝滿了你購物時帶來的塑料袋嗎？根據(jù)“kitchendrawer...plasticbagsyoubringfromyourshoppingtrips”可知，此處表示廚房抽屜里裝滿塑料袋，備選詞匯“fullof”表示“充滿”符合語境。故填fullof。4．句意：環(huán)境污染的原因。根據(jù)“environmentalpollution”可知，此處表示塑料袋是環(huán)境污染的原因，備選詞匯“Causeof”表示“……的原因”符合語境。故填Causeof。5．句意：對人體健康有害。結(jié)合語境和備選詞匯可知，此處表示對人體健康有害?！癶umanhealth”表示“人體健康”，符合語境，故填humanhealth。6．materials7．looklike8．a(chǎn)round9．setup10．a(chǎn)lso【解析】【分析】本文介紹了王濤因?yàn)槭褂门f車上的鐵以及其它的材料做出漂亮的藝術(shù)作品而著名，他還想建立一個“金屬藝術(shù)”公園，向人們展示環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性。6．句意：他以使用舊汽車的鐵和其他材料制作美麗的藝術(shù)品而聞名。本句中的and連接名詞iron和空格上所填詞，故空格上所填詞為名詞，根據(jù)所給詞可知，只有materials是名詞，故填materials。7．句意：一些是大的作品，它們看起來像動物或者人類。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是含有關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，that在句中作主語，空格所填詞在句中作謂語，根據(jù)所給詞可知，只有l(wèi)ooklike和setup可作謂語。句子說的是藝術(shù)作品看起來像動物或者人類。故填looklike。8．句意：更受歡迎的作品甚至可以在城市的藝術(shù)商店里看到。觀察句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格所填詞為介詞，和thecity構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語。根據(jù)所給詞可知，只有around為介詞，故填around。9．句意：王濤希望建立一個“金屬藝術(shù)”主題公園，向人們展示環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性。本題考查hopetodo“希望做某事”，故空格上所填詞為動詞，根據(jù)所提供的詞可知，只有l(wèi)ooklike和setup為動詞短語，句子說的是建立主題公園。故填setup。10．句意：藝術(shù)不僅可以給別人帶來快樂，而且它還表明，即使是冰冷、堅(jiān)硬的鐵也可以用一點(diǎn)創(chuàng)造力復(fù)活。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本題考查notonly…butalso“不僅……而且”，故填also。11．number12．isgoodfor13．however14．leadto15．enjoyyourself【解析】【分析】本文是說明文，介紹了喝咖啡的利弊。11．句意：這個數(shù)字比你想象的要高得多。根據(jù)下文“astudyshowsyoucanhaveatleastfourcupsofcoffeeeveryday”可知number符合語境；本句缺主語，由is可知是單數(shù)名詞，故填number。12．句意：令人驚訝的是，咖啡在很多方面都對你的健康有益。根據(jù)下文“drinkingcoffeeeverydayhelpsyoulivelonger.Coffeealsoimprovesyourmemoryandreducesyourtiredness”可知都是喝咖啡的好處；begoodfor有益于，故填isgoodfor。13．句意：然而，喝太多會對你有不好的影響。根據(jù)上下文“Drinkingcoffeeisofhelp.Drinkingtoomuch…canhaveabadinfluenceonyou”可知前后語義存在轉(zhuǎn)折，故填however。14．句意：喝超過四杯咖啡可能會導(dǎo)致一些嚴(yán)重的問題。根據(jù)題干“Drinkingmorethanfourcupsofcoffeemay…someseriousproblems”可知喝過量會帶來一些健康問題；leadto導(dǎo)致，故填leadto。15．句意：你可以享受一杯綠茶——它也是非常有益健康的。根據(jù)下文“withacupofgreentea—whichisalsofullofallkindsofhealthadvantages”可知這里是建議喝綠茶；enjoyyourself盡情享受，符合語境；情態(tài)動詞can后接原形動詞，故填enjoyyourself。16．grewup17．lucky18．wenton19．develophercareer20．interested【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了著名的女演員EmmaWatson。16．句意：女演員EmmaWatson在英格蘭南部的牛津郡附近長大。根據(jù)“TheactressEmmaWatson...nearOxfordinthesouthofEngland”以及常識可知她在這里成長，動作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時。故填grewup。17．句意：她非常的幸運(yùn)能夠在哈利波特系列電影中扮演赫敏。be動詞后加形容詞作表語，結(jié)合備選詞以及語境可知此處指她很幸運(yùn)lucky。故填lucky。18．句意：在哈利波特電影之后，艾瑪繼續(xù)從事電影工作。根據(jù)“AftertheHarryPotterfilms,Emma...workinginfilms”可知她演完赫敏之后還繼續(xù)從事電影工作，繼續(xù)：wenton，動作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時。故填wenton。19．句意：2012年以來，她繼續(xù)發(fā)展她的職業(yè)生涯，并先后出演了幾個非常成功的電影。continuetodosth.“繼續(xù)做某事”，結(jié)合備選詞以及語境可知此處指“發(fā)展事業(yè)”，用develophercareer。故填develophercareer。20．句意：她也對時尚感興趣。beinterestedin對……感興趣，固定用法。故填interested。21．Infact22．a(chǎn)redecoratedwith23．a(chǎn)swellas24．even25．simply【解析】【分析】文章介紹了中國首列熊貓主題旅游列車的情況介紹以及人們對這列火車的看法。21．句意：事實(shí)上，火車本身就是樂趣的一部分。根據(jù)“…thetrainitselfcanbepartofthefun.”可知，此處在句中作狀語，備選詞infact“事實(shí)上”符合語境，用于句首需大寫首字母，故填I(lǐng)nfact。22．句意：它的內(nèi)外都裝飾著大熊貓的圖片。根據(jù)“Itsinsideandoutside…giantpandapictures.”可知，用大熊貓的圖片裝飾，選擇aredecoratedwith“裝飾”，故填aredecoratedwith。23．句意：服務(wù)人員攜帶著熊貓玩具，乘客可以品嘗熊貓形狀的食物和四川小吃。根據(jù)“passengerscantrypandashapedfood…Sichuansnacks”可知，“pandashapedfood”和“Sichuansnacks”是并列關(guān)系，備選詞aswellas符合語境，故填aswellas。24．句意：乘客甚至可以使用其5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)。根據(jù)“Passengerscan…useits5Gnetworkaswell.”和前文可知，此處表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，even“甚至”符合語境，故填even。25．句意：它給你時間和空間去閱讀，睡覺，和朋友聊天，或者什么都不做，只是看外面變化的場景。根據(jù)“or…donothingbutwatchthechangingscenesoutside”可知，此處在句中修飾動詞do，用副詞simply修飾，故填simply。26．beheld27．takepartin28．number29．lessthan30．decision【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了今年的學(xué)校才藝秀即將開始，并提出了才藝要求以及報(bào)名要求。26．句意：今年的學(xué)校才藝秀將于5月15日舉行。根據(jù)題干句子主語“schooltalentshow”，是動作的承受者，可知句子需用被動語態(tài)，結(jié)合will+動詞原形，以及所給詞，故選beheld。27．句意：歌手、舞者、講故事的人、魔術(shù)師——無論你的才能是什么，都?xì)g迎大家踴躍報(bào)名參加。根據(jù)“whateveryourtalentmaybe”可知此處是表達(dá)歡迎大家踴躍報(bào)名參加，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和“to”，用takepartin符合句意。故填takepartin。28．句意：今年，我們計(jì)劃將歌曲數(shù)量限制在不超過6首。根據(jù)前句“Mostpeopleseemtoagreethatlastyear’sshowhadtoomanysongs.”可知大多數(shù)人似乎都同意去年的節(jié)目有太多的歌曲，可見后句是說明今年要減少歌曲的數(shù)量，“……的數(shù)量”的表達(dá)是thenumberof。故填number。29．句意：每次演出時間不得超過5分鐘。根據(jù)前句“Someofthemweretoolong.”可知去年有些歌曲的時間太長了，可見今年限定時間不超過五分鐘，結(jié)合所給單詞，lessthan符合句意，故填lessthan。30．句意：報(bào)名的最后一天是4月30日，陳老師和張老師將最終決定哪些表演將被納入演出。根據(jù)短語搭配“makea/thedecision”做出決定。故填decision。31．happy32．joke33．few34．third35．over【解析】【分析】從前有一個智者，人們每次來找他，都說他們因同樣的問題而不高興，智者給他們講了三遍同一個笑話，第一遍每個人都笑了，第二遍很少有人笑，第三遍沒人再笑了。他笑著問：“你不能因?yàn)橥粋€笑話而笑個不停。那你為什么總是為同樣的問題而哭泣呢？”31．句意：人們每次來找他，都說他們因同樣的問題而不高興。根據(jù)“Sowhyareyoualwayscryingaboutthesameproblems?”可知是因同樣的問題而不開心，空前有“not”，用備選詞happy表示“快樂的”，be動詞“were”后用形容詞作表語。故填happy。32．句意：有一天，他給他們講了一個笑話，大家都大笑起來。根據(jù)“hetoldthemthesamejoke”可知是講了個笑話，用備選詞joke表示“笑話”，不定冠詞a后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填joke。33．句意：幾分鐘后，他給他們講了同樣的笑話，這次只有幾個人笑了。根據(jù)“onlya...ofthem”結(jié)合備選詞可知，用few構(gòu)成短語afewofthem表示“他們中的一些/少許”。故填few。34．句意：當(dāng)他第三次講同一個笑話時，沒有人再笑了。根據(jù)“Onedayhetoldthemajoke”和“Afterafewminutes,hetoldthemthesamejoke”可知這里是第三次講這個笑話，用備選詞third表示“第三”，序數(shù)詞修飾名詞表順序。故填third。35．句意：你們不能因?yàn)橥粋€笑話而笑個不停。根據(jù)“...andoveragain”結(jié)合備選詞可知用固定搭配overandoveragain表示“一次又一次，一再地”。故填over。36．tobe37．hasmade38．thought39．wasplaying40．will