大學(xué)英語教案 Unit46

Unit6SectionA

I.BackgroundKnowledge

ChryslerCorporation

TheChryslerCorporation,foundedin1924,usedtobeoneofthethreelargestAmerican

automobilemanufacturerswhosebrandsincludebothpassengerandcommercialvehiclessuchas

Chrysler,Jeep?andDodge.TheothertwolargestAmericanautomobilemanufacturersare

GeneralMotorsandFord.Inadditiontoautomaking,Chryslerisalsoengagedinfinancial

services,providingloanservices(mostly)tocarbuyers.In1998itmergedwithDaimler-BenzAG

(ofGermany)(bestknownforitsMercedes-Benzbrandname)tobecomepartofthe

Daimlei*ChryslerCorporation,whichisjointlyownedbyEuropean,U.S.andotherinternational

investors.

U.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC)

AU.S.governmentagency,whosemissionistoprotectinvestorsandmaintaintheintegrity

ofthesecuritiesmarkets.TheCommissionwassetupbytheU.S.Congressin1933inresponseto

“BlackMonday"，theGreatStockMarketCrashof1929.Itspurposewastorestoreinvestor

confidenceintheU.S.capitalmarketsbyprovidingmorestructureandgovernmentoversight.Itis

basedontheconceptthatallinvestors,whetherlargeinstitutionsorprivateindividuals,should

haveaccesstocertainbasicfactsaboutaninvestmentpriortobuyingit.Toachievethis,theSEC

requirespubliccompaniestodisclosemeaningfulfinancialandotherinformationtothepublic,

whichprovidesacommonpoolofknowledgeforallinvestorstousetojudgeforthemselvesifa

company'ssecuritiesareagoodinvestment.Itisbelievedthatonlythroughthesteadyflowof

timely,comprehensiveandaccurateinformationcanpeoplemakesoundinvestmentdecisions.At

presenttheSECiscomprisedoffivepresidentially-appointedCommissioners,fourDivisionsand

18Offices,withatotalofabout3,100staff.

TheInternationalChamberofCommerce

TheaimoftheInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC),foundedin1919,istoserve

worldbusinessbypromotingtradeandinvestment,openmarketsforgoodsandservices,andthe

freeflowofcapital.Itsactivitiescoverabroadspectrum,fromarbitrationanddisputeresolutionto

makingthecaseforopentradeandthemarketeconomysystem,businessself-regulation,fighting

corruptionorcombatingcommercialcrime.TheICCismadeofaWorldCouncil(itsgoverning

body)andindividualnationalcommitteesandgroups.Individualcompanies,corporations,

professionalassociationsaswellasindividualscanalsojointheICCasindividualmembers.

ILTextAnalysis

Thepassageisbroadlyputintothreeparts:briberyhasbecomeacommonoccurrencein

manycountries,threemaincategoriesofbribery,andtheeffortstobanbriberyandtheresult.The

wholepassageisorganizedinproblem-solutionpattern.Inthefirstpart,thephenomenon(the

problem)isdescribed;inthesecond,thequestionablepaymentsareanalyzed;andinthethird,the

effortsforsolutionandtheresultarepresented.

Theillustrationoftheproblem(Paras.1-4)

Theanalysisoftheproblem(Paras.5-8)

Thesolutionoftheproblem(Paras.9-11)

1Thefirstpartconsistsof4paragraphs,fromParagraph1toParagraph4,concentratingonthe

pointofviewthatbriberyisacommonoccurrenceinmanycountries,Theauthorpresentshis

viewpointinParagraph1thatbriberyinvariousformsisontheincreaseinmanycountriesandin

somecountries,ithasbeenawayoflifeforcenturies.Theauthorcontinuestosupporthis

viewpointfromParagraph2toParagraph4.paragraph2establishesasuppositionwithanexample:

Whatifduringanegationtheothersideasksforabribe?Doyoupayuporstandbyyour

principles?Paragraph3answersthequestioninParagraph2withanexampleshowingthat

stickingtohighmoralstandardsiseasiersaidthandone.Inaverycompetitivebusinessifwe

didn'tbribetokeepourbuyershappy,someoneelsewould.Thentheauthorcomestoaconclusion

withanexample:briberyisontheincreaseandhasbecomeafactofcommerciallife.Thelast

sentenceofParagraph4isatransitionalsentencewhichtellsthatinthefollowingparttheauthor

istopresentusthreecategoriesofquestionablepaymentsorbribes.

2ThesecondpartfromParagraph5toParagraph8,4Paragraphsinall,focusesonthethree

categoriesofbribery.Inthisparttherearealotofexamplestosupporttheauthor'spoints.In

Paragraph5and6,theauthorpresentsthefirstcategoryofbribery;substantialpaymentsmadefor

politicalpurposesortosecuremajorcontracts.Paragraph7dealswiththesecondcategoryof

bribery:paymentsmadetoobtainquickerofficialapprovalofsomeprojects,tospeedupthe

wheelsofgovernment,paragraph8isaboutthethirdcategoryofbribery;paymentsmadeto

peoplewhohelpwiththepassageofabusinessdeal.

3thethirdpartismadeupofthelast3paragraphs,fromparagraph9toparagraph11,which

areabouttheeffortstoprohibitbribery.paragraph9isabouttheeffectsbytheinternational

ChamberofCommerce(ICC)tosetupacodeofconductthatwouldbanthegivingandseekingof

bribes.Andacouncilhasbeenproposedtomanagethecode,paragraph10tellsusthatthecouncil

hasmetdifficultsincarryingoutthecodeasopinionsdifferamongmembersoftheICC

concerninghowtoenforcethecode,paragraph11quotedfromafamousBritishnewspaperthat

businessiscaughtinawebofbribery.Itishardtosquarethebusinessinterestswithmoral

conscience.Thelastparagraphalsoimpliesaconclusionforthewholereadingpassage;bribery

seemsinevitable.

III.LanguagePoints

1....ontheincrease(becomemorefrequentorgreaterinnumberorintensity)在增長中

Eg;thatbriberyinvariousformsisontheincrease(L.3)

形形色色的賄賂行為正日益增多

Drugsmugglingwasontheincrease,

毒品走私一直在增長。

One'sstrengthofcharacterisnotnecessarilyontheincreasealongwiththegrowthof

hisage.一個人的骨氣不一定會隨著年齡的增長而增長。

2.tomakeitcleartosb.that...(sayclearlytosbthat...)明確向某人表示；明確告知某人

Eg;theMinisterofTrademakesitcleartoyouthatifyouofferhimasubstantialbribe,...(L.6)

貿(mào)易部長向你明確表示如果能給他一大筆賄賂。。。。

MothermakesitcleartomethatIcan'tplayifIdon'tfinishmyhomework

媽媽向我明確表示如不做完作業(yè)我是不能玩的。

TheimmenseinfluenceofITonoursocietymakesitclearthatwearelivinginthe

InformationAge.

信息技術(shù)對社會的巨大影響表明我們正生活在信息時代。

3.tostandbyone'sprinciples(L.8)堅持原則

standby

1)stillbelieveoragreewithsthsaid,decidedoragreedearlier

Shestillstandsbyeverywordshesaid

她仍然信守自己所說的每一句話

Itbringsonetrustandrespectfromotherstopracticehonestyandstandbyhispromises.

為人誠實(shí)、信守諾言會贏得別人的信任與尊重

2)helpsb.orbefriendswiththem,evenindifficultsituations

Iwouldn'lbreakalawforafriend,butIwouldstandbyherifneedbe

我不會為了朋友犯法，但如果需要的話，我會支持她的

3)Bepresentwhilesthbadishappeningbutnotdoanythingtostopit

Howcanyoustandbyandseehimrobbingtheoldman?

看著他搶劫那個老人，你怎能袖手旁觀？

4)bereadyforaction

Thetroopsarestandingby.

部隊正嚴(yán)陣以待。。

4.tohavehighmoralstandards(L.9)有高尚的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Itiseasytotalkabouthavinghighmoralatandardsbut,inpractice,Whatwouldonereallydoin

suchasituation?

高尚的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)說起來容易，但實(shí)際上人們在這種情況下究竟會怎樣做呢

Thecollegelifeshouldbecenteredaroundraisingstudents'academicandmoralstandards.

大學(xué)生活應(yīng)以提高學(xué)生的學(xué)術(shù)和道德水平為中心。

5.inprivate(withnobodyelsepresent,secretly)私下里；秘密地；在私生活里；在家里

...inBritainwhowerepreparedtosayinprivate(L.15)

在英國有人私下里說。。。

Ahomeisaplaceforrelaxinginprivate.

家是私下放松的地方

Heisagentlemanofrefinementinpublicbutamanofeasyvirtueinprivate.

在公開場合他是個彬彬有禮的紳士，但在私下里卻是個放蕩不羈的人。

反意詞inpublic類似的短語inpracticeetc.(para3)

6.為方便討論起見/為了政治目的

fordiscussion/politicalpurposes(L.30/32)

一個社會再自由開放也決不容許一些人為了險惡目的而胡作非為。

Asociety,nomatterhowfreeandopenitis,neverallowssomepeopletocommitallkindsof

outragesforevilpurposes.

7.正在調(diào)查中

underinvestigation(L.34)

正在對911襲擊前后的情報工作進(jìn)行全面的司法調(diào)查。

Afull-scalejudicialinvestigationisunderwayintotheintelligenceworkaroundthe11September

attack.

8.因可能觸犯商業(yè)法規(guī)

forpossibleviolationsofbusinesslaws(L.35)

微軟公司被指控違反反壟斷法。

TheMicrosoftCorporationwaschargedwithviolationsofanti-monopolylaws.

9.資助某人做某事

tofinancesb.'seffortstodosth.(L.36)

他們正同心協(xié)力去創(chuàng)造航天技術(shù)的新奇跡。

Theyarecombiningtheireffortstoworknewwondersinspacetechnology.

10.得到主要建筑合同

tosecuremajorconstructioncontracts(L.38)

“吃一塹，長一智”的格言就是提醒你防止犯同樣的錯誤。

Theproverb“afallintothepit,againinyourwit“remindsyoutosecureyourselffroma

repetitionofthesamemistakes.

11.給……施加壓力/過分強(qiáng)調(diào)……

toputpressure/unduestresson...(L.41)

過分強(qiáng)調(diào)書本知識會削弱學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性思維的熱情。

Puttingunduestressonbookknowledgewillweakenstudents5enthusiasmforcreativethinking.

12.向某人捐款/匯款

tomakedonations/paymentstosb.(L.42)

我們的錢應(yīng)捐給那些受貧窮所困卻很有天賦的孩子們。

Ourdonationsshouldbemadetothose(whoare)stuckinpovertybutendowedwithtalents.

13.加快……的速度

tospeedupthewheels/progressof...(L.44)

加快教育改革速度的關(guān)鍵是更新教育理念。

Thekeytospeedingupthewheelsofeducationalreformistorenewconceptionsofeducation.

14.想出了辦法

tohitupon/ontheanswer/solution(L.47)

他突發(fā)奇想：裸跑能使他成為公眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。

Hehituponastrangeideathathecouldbecomethefocusofthepublicattentionbyrunninginthe

nude.

15.暗中將某物塞入……

toslipsth.into/within...(L.47)

上課的時候，她悄悄塞到他手里一張紙條，上面寫著：“老地方見，不見不散?！?/p>

Whileinclass,sheslippedintohishandapieceofpaperonwhichshewrote,"Let'smeetatthe

sameoldplaceandnotleavewithoutseeingeachother.”

16.屬于此類

tobeincludedonthislist(L.55)

你要么劃為清官，要么劃為貪官。沒有中間地帶。

Youareeitherincludedonthelistofthehonestofficialsoronthelistofthecorruptofficials.

Thereisnomiddlepoint.

17.設(shè)計一套法規(guī)

todeviseacodeofrules(L.56)

社會道德準(zhǔn)則是根據(jù)一個社會對于正確與錯誤行為所持的觀念制定的。

Acodeofsocialmoralityisestablishedinaccordancewiththenotionsofrightandwrongconduct

heldbyasociety.

18.禁止各種類型的賄賂

toprohibitbriberyinvariousforms/inallitsforms(L.3/56)

我們的當(dāng)務(wù)之急是如何防止各種類型的智能犯罪。

Themostpressingforusnowishowtopreventintellectualcrimeinallitsforms.

19.達(dá)到；等于；實(shí)際上是

toamountto(L.59)

如果一位女士對你說：“再說吧J,那就等于拒絕了你。

Ifaladysaystoyou,"Let'stalkaboutitlater.^^,thatamountstoherrefusal.

20.既確保自己的利益，又無愧道德良心

tosquareone'sinterestswithhismoralconscience(L.68)

為人不做虧心事，夜半敲門心不驚。

Onewhoalwayssquareshisactswithhismoralconscienceneverfearsmidnightknocksathis

door.

原句：Studentstakingbusinesscoursesaresometimesalittlesurprisedtofindthatclasseson

businessethicshavebeenincludedintheirschedule.(L.1)

IV.Writing

Briberyisacommonoccurrenceinmanycountries.Thephenomenonisintroducedby

“classesonbusinessethics”,andexemplifiedbytwoexamples:aBritishcarmanufacturerandthe

ChryslerCorporation.

Questionablepaymentscanbedividedintothreecategories:1.Thoseforpoliticalpurposesorto

securemajorcontracts;2.Thoseforobtainingquickerofficialapprovalofsomeproject;3.Those

forhelpwiththepassageofabusinessdeal.

ICCistosetupacodeofconductthatwouldbanthegivingandseekingofbribes.Andacouncil

hasbeenproposedtomanagethecode.However,opinionsdifferamongthemembersofICC.

Briberyseemsinevitable.

Devicesfordevelopingit?

Briberyandotherquestionablepaymentsareontheincreaseinmanycountries.Theyseemtobe

basednotonlackofbusinessethicsbutonbusinessinterests.

Exemplification(舉例法)

Exemplificationisemployedinthethirdandtheforthparagraphtomaketheauthor'sviewpoint

convincing.

Theauthor'sviewpointinPara.3:Stickingtohighmoralstandardsiseasiersaidthandone.

Theexampleinsupport:ABritishcarmanufacturerwasaccusedofoperatingafundtopay

bribesandofotherquestionablepractices;

Peopleinthemotorindustryheldthatiftheydidn'tbribetokeepthebuyershappy,someoneelse

would.

Theauthor'sviewpointinPara.4:Briberyandotherquestionablepaymentsareontheincrease.

Theexamplesinsupport:TheChryslerCorporationrevealedthatitmadequestionable

paymentsofmorethan$2.5millionbetween1971and1976.

ThreehundredotherU.S.companieshadadmittedthattheyhadmadepaymentsofonekindor

anotherinrecentyears.

Listing(列舉法)

Mainidea?

Devicesfordevelopingit?

Thequestionablepaymentsaredividedintothreecategories:paymentsmadeforpoliticalpurposes

ortosecuremajorcontracts;toobtainquickerofficialapproval;andmadetopeoplewhohelpwith

thepassageofabusinessdeal.

Listingisemployedinthisparttolistthreecategoriesofquestionablepayments.

Para.5Thefirstcategoryconsistsof...

Para.7Thesecondcategorycovers...

Para.8Thethirdcategoryinvolves...

Deduction(演繹法)

Mainidea?

Devicesfordevelopingit?

Tobanbribery,acodeofconductisfavoredbyICC,andevenacouncilwasproposedtomanage

it.But,itsmembersareofdifferentopinions.Anyway,briberyseemsinevitable.

Inthispart,deductionisemployedtoshowthatmembersofICChavedifferentideasastothe

enforcementofthecode.

Generalstatement:Unfortunately,opinionsdifferamongmembersoftheICCconcerninghowto

enforcethecode.(L.61)

Specificdescriptions:TheBritishmemberswouldlikethesystemtohaveenoughlegalpowerto

makecompaniesbehavethemselves.However,theFrenchdelegatesthinkitisthebusinessof

governmentstomakeandimposelaw....

Examplewriting

Normallytherearethreekindsofpeoplewhochoosetolivealoneonpurpose.Thefirstgroup

ofpeopleisartists.Theybelieveintheinspirationinsolitude.Oneofmyfriendsisawriter.He

enjoysthetimewhenheisalone.Hecanstayuplatetoreadand,aboveall.,concentrateonhis

writingwithoutfearofbeinginterruptedbyothers.OnhiswallhepostsaquotationfromThoreau;

“Ineverfoundthecompanionthatwascompanionableassolilude."Thesecondgroupofpeople

ishunters,whoprefertolivebythemselves.Huntersareafraidthattoomanypeoplewillfrighten

awaytheirprey.Thethirdgroupconsistsofpeoplewhoaredisappointedfromtheirmarriageor

familylife.Oncethenewspaperreportedastoryaboutawomanwhohasbeenlivingalonesince

herhusbandleftherfiveyearsagoforsomebettereconomicopportunities.Sheisnotwaitingfor

hisreturnbutsheisjustdisappointedinlife.

SectionB

I.ReadingSkills

Readingbetweenthelinesmeansdrawinginferencesabouttheauthor'smeanings,ideas,

purposes,intentionsorconclusions.Makinginferencesreliesonthecontextclues,logicalthinking,

commonsenseandsometimesourknowledgeoftheworldandonwhatiswrittenorwhatisnot

written.

I.ReadingSkills:ReadingBetweentheLines(Review)

HerearesomemoreexamplesfrompassageA,Unit6.Pleasereadtheparagraphsandanswerthe

questionsthatfollow,tryingtofindoutthemeaningimpliedbetweenthelines.

Example1:

Studentstakingbusinesscoursesaresometimesalittlesurprisedtofindthatclasseson

businessethicshavebeenincludedintheirschedule.Theyoftendonotrealizethatbriberyin

variousformsisontheincreaseinmanycountriesand,insome,hasbeenawayoflifefor

centuries.(Para.1,PassageA,Unit6)

Question:Whatcanaccountforthestudents9surprisewhenfindingthatclassesonbusinessethics

havebeenincludedintheirschedule?

Possibleanswer:Thestudentsareinnocentandinexperiencedandtheydon'texpectbribery

andsimilaractivitiestobecommoninbusiness.

I.ReadingSkills:ReadingBetweentheLines(Review)

Example2:

Itiseasytotalkabouthavinghighmoralstandardsbut,inpractice,whatwouldonereally

doinsuchasituation?SometimeagoaBritishcarmanufacturerwasaccusedofoperatingafund

topaybribes,andofotherquestionablepracticessuchaspayingagentsandpurchasersan

exaggeratedcommission,offeringadditionaldiscounts,andmakingpaymentstonumberedbank

accountsinSwitzerland,(tobecontinued)oThecompanyrejectedthesechargesandtheywere

laterwithdrawn.Nevertheless,atthattime,therewerepeopleinthemotorindustryinBritainwho

werepreparedtosayinprivate:"Look,we'reinaverycompetitivebusiness.Everyyearwe're

sellingmorethana$1,000millionworthofcarsabroad.Ifwespendafewmillionpoundstokeep

someofthebuyershappy,who'shurt?Ifwedidn'tdoit,someoneelsewould.^^(Para.3,Passage

A,Unit6)

Question:WhatisimpliedinParagraph3,ReadingpassageA?

Possibleanswer:Inahighlycompetitivebusinessworld,keepinghighmoralstandards

issomethingeasiersaidthandone,一briberyisinevitable.

I.ReadingSkills:ReadingBetweentheLines(Review)

Example3:

Inawell-knownBritishnewspaper,awriterarguedrecentlythat“industryiscaughtina

webofbribery,,andthateveryoneis“onthetake.^^Thisisprobablyanexaggeration.However,

today'sbusinessman,sellinginoverseasmarkets,willfrequentlymeetsituationswhereitis

difficulttosquarehisbusinessinterestswithhismoralconscience.(Para.11,PassageA,Unit6)

Question:Whatdoes"businessinterests,,imply?

Possibleanswer:''Businessinterests^^hereimpliesmakingprofits.

ILTextAnalysis

Part1(para1-3)topicintroductionbythejournalists?experienceonthepracticerangeto

putforwardthepointofthepassage;whethermorepoliceshouldbearmedwithguns

Part2(para4—13)byexamplestoshowtotheaudienceswhatmeasuresshouldbetaken.

Part3(para14—15)Thebiggestthreatistheincreaseinthetasksweexpectthepoliceto

carryout.

III.LanguagePoints

1Thebiggestthreadtotheroleofpoliceofficers

threatto(Sb/sth)對…構(gòu)成了威脅。

eg他不害怕，因?yàn)槟銓λ粯?gòu)成威脅

Heisnotafraidbecauseyourepresentnothreattohim.

一些人認(rèn)為機(jī)器是對他們工作的一種城脅。

Somepeoplethinkthatmachineryisathreattotheirjobs.

2...onthepracticerange...anareawherepeoplecanpracticeshooting在射擊場

eg戰(zhàn)士們在那里的射擊場上

Thesoldierswerethereonthepracticerange.

“ariflerange”步槍靶場/t6ashootingrangev射擊場

3oosomeoftheproblemswhichactuallycropup..

cropup;appearorhappenunexpectedly突然發(fā)生或者出現(xiàn)

eg確實(shí)，一個需要引起立即注意的重要問題突然發(fā)生了。

Itwastruethatamajorproblemhadjustcroppedupwhichdemandedimmediateattention..

如果某些批評一直在出現(xiàn)，你就必須決定是糾正這些問題，還是嘗試一些新的東西。

Ifcertaincriticismshavecroppedupconsistently,youmustdecideeithertocorrectthese

problemsortotrysomethingnew.

4oovideosareplayedwhereactorsactoutvarioustypesofsituations.

Actout;copytheactionswhichtookplaceandmakethemintoaplay表演，演繹

.eg當(dāng)瑪麗繪聲繪色地描述那件事時,我們哄然大笑起來。

WeroaredwhenMaryactedouttheepisode.

他們把這次搶劫案從頭到尾地扮演了一遍，這樣向警察敘述時就能敘述得詳詳細(xì)細(xì)。

Theyactedouttherobberyinfullsothatwhenitcametodescribingittothepolice,they

wouldbeabletodescribeitinperfectdetail.

5Iamafraidwekilledmanyaninnocentpeoplecarryingnothingmorethanastick.

Nothingmorethan;only

.eg新發(fā)現(xiàn)的筆記只不過是杰克的個人日記。

ThenewlydiscoverednotesarenothingmorethanJack'spersonaljournal.

.這非常有趣，可是恐怕這只不過是一場表演而已。

Thisisveryinteresting,butI'mafraidthatitisnothingmorethanaperformance.

6Theyarekeptuptoscratch...

uptoscratch;asgoodassthorsb,shouldbe達(dá)到要求或者標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

eg要使它們達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還要做很多工作。為6月份向公眾開放做好準(zhǔn)備，這些年輕人干得很

努力。

Muchworkwasneededtobringthemuptoscratchandtheseyoungmenworkedhardtoget

readyforanopeningtothepublicinJune.

這對夫婦告訴住房管理的官員們這套三居室的套房根本沒有達(dá)到他們的要求。

Thecoupletoldthehousingofficialsthatthethree-bedroomflatsimplywasnotuptoscratch

fortheirneeds.

7butthewisdomofthatpolicyhasbeenquestionedastheamountofviolenceencounteredbythe

policehasgrown

encounter;meet遇到，遭遇

eg他們沒走多遠(yuǎn)就遇到了一個賣花的婦女。

Beforetheyhadgoneveryfar,theyencounteredawomansellingflowers.

我在學(xué)習(xí)英語語法時遇到了很大困難。

IencounteredgreatdifficultiesinlearningEnglishgrammar.

8Itisusuallytheordinarystreetofficerwhoisonthewrongendofthis,ratherthanthearmed

expertswhoarriveratherlater.

Beonthewrongendof....Sufferthebadeffectsofsth承擔(dān)，面臨

eg這是要求變革的一年，這一點(diǎn)顯而易見?？晌覀兘衲暾媾R著于我們不利的變革。

Thisisayearforchange,that'sclear.Andwe'reonthewrongendofchangethisyear.

吉布森?凱迪遭到了痛斥，可是他壓根兒不知道這是怎么發(fā)生的。

GibsonKeddiefindshimselfonthewrongendofatonguelashing,butheknowsnothing

abouthowithappens.

9oooconsidertheexperienceoftheNorthumbriapolicewhohaveresponsibilityforlawandorder

in...

lawandorder;asituationinwhichpeopleobeythelawandbehaveinapeacefulway法律和

秩序

eg暴亂過后，軍隊被調(diào)來重建法律和秩序。

Aftertheriots,themilitarywasbroughtintorestorelawandorder.

過去他每次都使用武力，力圖把自己描繪成是法律和秩序的捍衛(wèi)者。

Everytimehehasusedforceinthepastinanefforttoportrayhimselfasdefenderofboth

lawandorder.

*用and連接的兩個名詞、指同一人或物或通常由兩個部件配成的物品的表達(dá)法還有：

soapandwater肥皂水forkandknife刀叉

horseandcarriage馬車timeandtide歲月

trialanderror反復(fù)嘗試ebbandflow盛衰

warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭與和平

breadandbutter奶油面包

witandhumor機(jī)智和幽默

acupandsaucer茶杯碟子

10...allthetypicalproblemsthrownupbytheBritainofthe1990s.

throwup;producesborsth,orcausethemtobecomenoticeable產(chǎn)生

eg他們匆匆地筑起了土墻，在頂上蓋些毯子，給這些無家可歸者提供住處。

Theyhurriedlythrewupearthenwalls,stretchingblanketsoverthetoptoshelterthese

homelesspeople.

建筑工人為地震災(zāi)民建造了一些臨時棚屋。

Thebuildersthrewupsometemporaryhutsforthevictimsoftheearthquake.

11oootheylostbetweenthem12,000daysonsickleave

onsickleave;atimepermittedawayfromworkforillness休病假

eg休病假時你是有工資收入的，但是很明顯，這是有限制的。

Youwillbepaidwhileyouareonsickleavebutobviouslytherearelimitstothis.

他在英國休病假時參觀了許多著名大學(xué)，如牛津和劍橋。

WhileinEnglandonsickleavehevisitedmanyfamousuniversitiessuchasOxfordand

Cambridge.

12.Theequivalentof50policeofficersoffthestreetforafullyear

equivalent;n.(oi7to)athing,amount,word,etc.thatisequivalenttosth.Else對等。等于

eg有沒有一個詞和英語里的“home”完全對等

IsthereawordthatistheequivalentoftheEnglishword"home"?

a,(to)equalinvalue,amount,meaning,importance,etc

eg8公里大約等于5英里

Eightkilometersisaboutequivalenttofivemiles

13onethirdoftheofficersleavingweredisabledintheveryworstdegree...

disable;makesbunabletousehisorherbodyproperly殘疾

eg他不能工作，因?yàn)樗^去在戰(zhàn)爭中致殘了，但是他盡自己最大努力，使我們獲得所需要

的一切。

Hecan'tworkbecausehewasdisabledinthewar,buthedoeshisbestforusandmakes

surewehaveeverythingweneed.

他在那次事故中成了殘廢。

Hewasdisabledintheaccident.

14.67%favoredwiderissuingofguns

favor;support支持，贊同

eg我會支持立法禁止駕車時吸煙。

Iwouldbeinfavorofmakingitillegaltosmokewhiledriving.

政府中還沒有跡象表明總統(tǒng)會贊同這個計劃。

ButtherehasbeennosignfromthegovernmentthatthePresidentisinfavorofthe

proposal.

15ooanorganicsubstancederivedfrompepperswhichdisablesanattackerifsprayedinhisface.

Derivedfrom;comefrom/get源于或者得到

eg他認(rèn)為他們所有的主意都源于經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且這些主意證明是很有用的。

Hearguesthatalltheirideasarederivedfromexperienceandthattheyprovetobevery

useful.

他很大一部分快樂是從度假中得到的，此時他可以把工作的日常事務(wù)拋在腦后。

Alargepartofhispleasurederivedfromholidays,whenhecouldputtheroutinesofwork

behindhim.

16providedthesprayiswashedawaywithwater...

provided/providing(that);if,oronlyif假如只要

eg假如無人反對，我們就在這里開會。

Provided(that)thereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.

我相信我有自由去干我想干的事情，只要這種自由對鄰居無害。

IbelieveinfreedomtodowhatIwish,providingthatitdoesnoharmtomyneighbor.

Washaway;removeorcarryawaybyaflowofwaterorbyrain沖走洗刷

eg收割前一個月，幾場罕見的大雨把農(nóng)作物都給沖走了，留給這農(nóng)民一筆沉重的債務(wù)，

他根本就無力償還。

Amonthbeforeharvesting,theplantswerewashedawaybysomeunusuallyheavyrains,

leavingthefarmerwithaheavydebtthathewasunabletopay.

在這個地區(qū)，洪水沖走了好幾個村莊。

Floodshavewashedawayseveralvillagesinthearea.

17Ihavelostcountofthetimeswehavebeenfilmingpoliceofficersonthestreetwhenlocal

residentshavecomeuptousandtoldus...

lostcountof;forgetthetotalofsth,beforehavingfinishedcounting記不清

eg我已記不清我們看了多少這樣的深夜電影，也記不清我們在一起迎來了有多少個這樣

的黎明。

I'velostcountofthenumberoflate-nightmovieswe'vewatchedinthiswayorthenumber

ofdawnswe'veseentogether.

.他這種無聊話，我們不知聽了有多少次。

We'velostcountofthetimeshe'sboreduswithhisnonsensicaltalk.

18oowhenlocalresidentscomeuptousandtoldus..

comeupto;movetowardssb.totalktothem走近靠近

eg他沒有直接向書桌那兒走去，而是向我點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，開始看那些花了。

Hedoesn'tcomeuptothedeskstraightaway,butgivesmeanodandstartslookingatthe

flowers.

.課結(jié)束時，你如果有問題可以來問我，我會盡力幫助你的。

AttheendofthelessonyoucancomeuptomewithyourquestionsifyouhaveanyandI

shalltrytohelpyou.

19...weexpectthepolicetocarryout.

Carryout;doorcompletesth,fulfill進(jìn)行執(zhí)行

eg貿(mào)易可能進(jìn)行的這些條件也許沒有像它們最初看起來那么簡單。

Theconditionsunderwhichtrademaybeearnedoutmaynotbeassimpleastheymightat

firstappear.

當(dāng)這項(xiàng)研究由外面的學(xué)者來從事時，新的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)分析通常很有幫助。

Whentheresearchiscarriedoutbyacademicsfromoutside,newcriticalanalysisoften

helpsalot.

20newlawsandpolicepriortiesaretakingupsomuchtime..

takeup;useaparticularamountoftime,space,oreffort占用

eg這套新設(shè)計的家具幾乎不占空間，使得房間看起來很寬敞。

Thenewly-designedfurnituretakesupverylittlespaceandmakesaroomlookspacious.

雖然這地方不大，可是做清潔工作得占你很多時間。

Itisn'talargeplace,butittakesupalotofyourtimetodothecleaningwork.

21ootheremightnotbemuchpointaskingapoliceman.

thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.:aparticularactionhasnopurposeorwouldnotbeuseful做

某事沒有意義

eg告訴他是沒有用的，因?yàn)樗褪蔷芙^付錢給他們。

Thereisnopointintellinghimthat,becausehe'lljustrefusetopaythem.

.跟他爭辯是沒有用的，他是不會聽你的。