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PAGEUnit4SpaceExplorationUnit4SectionⅣ請同學們仔細完成[練案16]Ⅰ.閱讀理解Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample,theinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.ComputerconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandInternetalsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogrammescometousthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35,880kilometresabovetheequator(赤道).Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11,000kilometresanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates(轉動).AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae(天線)facingtheearth.Sometimes,itmovesawayfromitsorbit,sotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty!Everyweek,moreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10—12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.Often,veryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.文章大意:本文是一篇科普說明文。對各種衛(wèi)星的用途、衛(wèi)星工作的狀態(tài)以及人們對已損壞衛(wèi)星的處理方法進行了說明說明。1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage?__D__A.Sendinginformationforweatherforecasts.B.TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C.SendingTVpictures.D.Providingfoodforairplanepilots.解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段和第三段首句不難看出,衛(wèi)星可以傳遞天氣預報信息、拍攝地球照片、傳遞電視圖片等,但是沒說為飛行員供應食物,所以選擇D項。2.WhydoesthesatellitemovearoundtheworldatthesamespeedastheEarthrotates?__B__A.Inordertotakephotographs.B.Inordertostayinacertainpositionintheorbit.C.Inordertomoveawayfromitsorbit.D.Inordertosendtelevisionpictures.解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內容可以看出,衛(wèi)星之所以用和地球自轉相同的速度繞地球旋轉,是為了保持在肯定位置上。明顯B項正確。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthe3rdparagraphreferto?__C__A.Asatellite.B.Alittlerocket.C.Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.D.Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.解析:代詞指代題。this在此替代前文的“Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.”故選C項。4.Whichistrueofsatellites?__A__A.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10—12years.B.Everytimeasatellitegetsbroken,itisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.C.Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.D.Brokensatellitesoftencrashintoeachother.解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段不難看出A項正確。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.__1.B__Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●__2.F__Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.__3.D__Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有憐憫心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.__4.C__●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.__5.A__Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?文章大意:這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個自我接納的小技巧。解析:1.依據(jù)題目“AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance(自我接納的幾點建議)”及下文的“Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(這有許多可以幫你找到正確方向的方法)”可知,選項B.Wheredoyoustart?(從哪里起先呢?)最合下文語境,故選B項。2.依據(jù)下文“Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最終你會因為自己的生活比他們的好而感到有力氣?要知道,你的生活是你自己的;你在這個世界上是獨一無二的)”可知,本段主要講解并描述不要把自己和別人作比較,因為生活是我們自己的,我們也是世界上獨一無二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和別人進行比較)可以作為本段中心句,故選F項。3.依據(jù)本文的中心句“Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(寬恕自己所犯的錯誤)”及下文的“Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.(你會一次又一次地犯錯誤。)”可知,本句是在說明要講自己看作一個一般人,一般人是會犯錯的。選項D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.(記住,你只是個人)與上下文連接最好,故選D項。4.依據(jù)上文“Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你全部的成就。你有了一份工作,拿到了學位,今日你擺脫了逆境。)”可知,這些小事都是你取得的成就,都值得慶祝,即沒有什么事是太小而不值得慶祝的。故選C項。5.結合上文“Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.(用語言來說明為什么你覺得自己不值得,為什么你覺得自己不夠好。現(xiàn)在,自己讀一下這些話)”和下文的“Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日記本上登記你的優(yōu)點和成就的那頁。看到你有多棒了嗎?)”可推知本句是在說明“再次感到不安”的狀況。選項A.Feelingupsetagain?(再次感覺不安了嗎?)最合上下文語境,故選A項。Ⅱ.完形填空MybikewasstolenlastSaturday.Leftwithalockanda__1.D__heart,Idecidedtoleavethethiefanote.Armedwithyellowpaint,I__2.C__abigcardboardsignandhungitonmygate.Itsaid:“Tothepersonwhostolemybicycle:IhopeyouneeditmorethanIdo.Ineedittogettowork.Ican’t__3.D__anotherone.PS:Bringitback.”Ifeltalittle__4.C__writingthesign.ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycleshadbeenstolenintheneighborhood,andtheleastIcoulddowas__5.A__whathadhappened.Ileftitupforsevendays.OnWednesdayevening,ayoungmanknockedatmydoor,carryinga__6.A__.“Didyougetyourbikestolen?”askedtheguy.“Ihadthisbike__7.C__around,soIfiguredyoumightbeabletouseit.”Iwassurprisedbythe__8.D__andtriedtoexplainmyintentions,sayingIreallyappreciatedit,__9.A__wasn’tsureifI’dbeabletouseit.Whatwasclear,however,wasthatitwasn’taboutthebicycle,itwasaboutthedesireto__10.C__.FinallyIaccepted,verytouchedbythekindness.Asnowstormcamethenextday,andmyhusbandsuggestedItakedownthesign.I__11.A__—mybikewasstolenontheweekend,sothesignwouldstayupuntilthenextweekend.OnSaturdaymorning,Igotanother__12.A__onthedoor.Itwasamiddle-agedwoman.Shesaidshedrovetwicearoundtheblocksoshecould__13.B__readmysign.“Whatkindofbicycledoyouneed?”sheasked.“IfIfindone,I’llbringittoyou.”Thenshegavemeabighug.Ifeltstrengthened.Thissignwas__14.C__things.Somuchkindnesswaspouringoutfromsuchasimplegestureof__15.D__myselfuptotheuniverse.文章大意:本文是一篇記敘文。自行車被偷后,“我”在大門口掛了個警告牌,希望小偷能看到,將自行車還回來。沒想到,“我”卻收到了生疏人的善意和幫助。1.A.warm B.softC.big D.heavy解析:由本段第一句“MybikewasstolenlastSaturday.”以及“Leftwithalock”可知,“我”很“難受(aheavyheart)”。2.A.read B.followedC.made D.saw解析:由本句中的“Armedwithyellowpaint”以及下文中的“writingthesign”可知,“我”“制作了(made)”一個牌子。3.A.lose B.lendC.choose D.a(chǎn)fford解析:由“Ineedittogettowork.”以及“Bringitback.”可知,“我”“買不起(can’tafford)”另一輛自行車。4.A.wrong B.happyC.foolish D.dangerous解析:由“ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycles...hadhappened.”可知,“我”覺得寫警告牌這個舉動有些“愚蠢(foolish)”。5.A.say B.knowC.ignore D.realize解析:由本句中的“ButIknewotherpeople’sbicycleshadbeenstolenintheneighborhood”可知,“我”情愿將所發(fā)生的事“說出來(say)”。6.A.bike B.signC.board D.gun解析:由下文中的“Ihadthisbike...touseit.”可知,他扛著一輛“自行車(bike)”。7.A.traveling B.turningC.lying D.playing解析:由本句中的“Ifiguredyoumightbeabletouseit”可知,“我”這輛自行車“閑置著(lyingaround)”。8.A.a(chǎn)nswer B.a(chǎn)dviceC.promise D.offer解析:由上文中的“Ihadthisbike...touseit”可知,他的“幫助(offer)”使“我”驚異。9.A.but B.orC.a(chǎn)nd D.so解析:前后句之間表示轉折關系,故用“but”。10.A.return B.comeC.help D.pay解析:由下文中的“Iaccepted...thekindness”可知,“我”變更辦法不是因為這輛自行車,而是因為他很想“幫助(help)”“我”。11.A.refused B.obeyedC.a(chǎn)greed D.doubted解析:由“Asnowstormcamethenextday”以及“mybikewasstolen...thenextweekend”可知,“我”的丈夫建議“我”把警告牌拿下來,“我”“拒絕了(refused)”。12.A.knock B.pullC.gift D.poster解析:由“Itwasamiddle-agedwoman.”可知,此處表示“又有人敲門(anotherknockonthedoor)”。13.A.hardly B.fullyC.easily D.silently解析:由語境可知,她圍著街區(qū)開了兩圈的目的是能夠“完全(fully)”讀懂警告牌。14.A.providing B.showingC.changing D.running解析:“我”在大門口掛警告牌,希望小偷能看到,將自行車還回來。沒想到,卻收到了生疏人的善意和幫助,故這個警告牌在“變更著(changing)”一些事。15.A.holding B.pickingC.giving D.opening解析:結合整篇文章以及其次段中警告牌的內容,此處表示“我”只是“將心中所想說出來(openingmyselfup)”,卻收到如此多的善意。Ⅳ.語法填空依據(jù)課文內容,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。Wearecurrentlylivinginaworld__1.where__rapidadvancesinmedicineandtechnologyinfluenceourliveson__2.a__regularbasis.Onetechnology,whichinrecentyears__3.hasdeveloped/hasbeendeveloping__(develop)veryquickly,iscloning.Clonesrefertoanimalsorplantsthatareproducedtobeexact__4.copies__(copy)ofoneanother.Clonesofdifferentkindsareproducedinvariousways,andtheyhavebecome__5.valuable__(value)inmanymedicalapplicationsandbiologicalexperiments.Mostareproducedinthelaboratory,withsomeofthem__6.occurring__(occur)inseveralspeciesinanaturalway.Areportin2024hadpicturesofMacaquemonkeysthathadbeenclonedsuccessfully.Sincetheyareprimates(靈長目動物)likeus,itgetsustocomeeven__7.closer__(close)tofindtherightproceduresofthecloningofhumans.Thiscomestothequestionwhywewouldneedorwanttodothis.Woulditbe__8.in__thebestinterestofhumankindtodevelopthistechnology?Besides,themoralquestionsthatwillberaised__9.are__(be)unbelievable,andwoulditbeanaccomplishmentthatcouldbenefithumankindenough__10.tobalance__(balance)theilleffectsthatitmightproduce?文章大意:本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹飛速發(fā)展的醫(yī)學和技術常常影響著我們的生活,其中一種技術就是克隆,本文介紹了克隆的概念、現(xiàn)狀以及存在的一些問題。解析:1.考查定語從句。分析句子結構可以發(fā)覺,空前是主句,空處引導定語從句,修飾先行詞world,空處在從句中作地點狀語,故用where。2.考查冠詞。onaregularbasis“定期地,常常地”,故填不定冠詞a。3.考查動詞時態(tài)。依據(jù)時間狀語“inrecentyears”可知,develop的動作從過去起先持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能持續(xù)下去,故應用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時,故用hasdeveloped或hasbeendeveloping。4.考查名詞復數(shù)。copy在此表示“復制品”,是可數(shù)名詞。依據(jù)后面的oneanother“彼此,相互”可知,此處copy不止一個,故用copy的復數(shù)形式。5.考查形容詞。依據(jù)語境和系動詞后跟形容詞的用法可知,此處用value的形容詞形式valuable“寶貴的,很重要的,有用的。”6.考查非謂語動詞。逗號前是完整的一個句子,逗號后是“with+賓語+賓補”的復合結構,因為occur是不及物動詞,且occur與其主語在邏輯上是主謂關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補。留意:occur的現(xiàn)在分詞形式是先雙寫r再加-ing。7.考查副詞的比較級。依據(jù)句意和空前的even可知,空處應用副詞的比較級closer。8.考查介詞。inthebestinterestof...意思是“對……最有利”,是固定搭配。9.考查時態(tài)和主謂一樣。此處描述客觀事實,故用一般現(xiàn)在時;由句子主語moralquestions為復數(shù)可知,謂語動詞應用are。10
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