《中西文化比較（英文版）（第2版）》unit 13 The Chinese and Western Medicine

中西文化比較TheComparisonbetweenChineseandWesternCulture

Unit13TheChineseandWestern

MedicineBackground

ThedifferencebetweenChineseandWesternmedicinecanreallybejustamatterofperception.Chinesemedicinereliesonexperienceovertimethroughnumeroustrialsandclinicalobservations,whileWesternmedicineisbasedonstandardsandevidence.Chinesemedicinelooksatthebody’ssystemasawhole,whereasWesternmedicineconcentratesonaparticularpartoritsfunction.Chinesemedicineusesaninductiveandsyntheticapproach,whileWesternmedicineisreductive,analytical,andstrictlybasedonlaboratoryexaminations.VocabularyExtensionTextA

Notes1.practitioner

n.

apersonwhoworksinaprofession,especiallymedicineorlaw①Patientsaremostlyreferredtohospitalbytheirgeneralpractitioners.

病人大多數(shù)是在他們的全科醫(yī)生建議下轉(zhuǎn)往醫(yī)院就醫(yī)。②Thegeneralpractitionerreferredherpatienttoadermatologist.

家庭醫(yī)生把她的病人交給了皮膚科醫(yī)生。

TextA

Notes2.tangible

adj.thatcanbeclearlyseentoexist①Wealsodolesstangiblethingslikeunderstandingwhatourreaderswant.我們還會做一些不那么有形的事情，比如理解我們的讀者想要什么。②Thismethodproducestangibleresults.這種方法具有明顯的效驗。TextA

Notes3.meridian

n.mainandcollateralchannels,regardedasanetworkofpassages,throughwhichenergycirculatesandalongwhichtheacupuncturepointsaredistributed①Hegotsickbecausehismeridianareblocked.他這病是由于經(jīng)絡(luò)不通造成的。②OurspecialistofferstraditionalChinesemassagetorelaxyourmeridian.專家門診,傳統(tǒng)手法推拿、按摩，舒展經(jīng)絡(luò)。TextA

Notes4.olfactionn.thefacultythatenablesustodistinguishscents①Principleandconstructionofartificialolfactionsystemhavebeenbriefed.簡述了人工嗅覺酒類鑒別系統(tǒng)的原理、結(jié)構(gòu)。②Olfactionplaysanimportantroleininsectbehaviorsforsurvivalandreproduction.嗅覺對昆蟲的生存、繁殖等起著重要的作用。TextA

Notes5.interrogationn.

aninstanceofquestioning①Policesayshewascoolandcollectedduringherinterrogation.警方說她在審問過程中表現(xiàn)得冷靜自若。②Thecapturedcommanderfacedtheinterrogationwithdignity.

被俘的指揮官面對審問不失尊嚴(yán)。TextA

Notes6.respiratoryadj.pertainingtorespiration①Smokingplacesyouatseriousriskofcardiovascularandrespiratorydisease.

吸煙會嚴(yán)重增加罹患心血管和呼吸道疾病的風(fēng)險。

②Don’tconfusefluwithotherrespiratoryillnesses.

不要把流感和其他呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病混淆。TextA

Notes7.

mitigate

v.

lessenortotrytolessentheseriousnessorextentof①Therearewaystomitigatethepain.

有一些方法可以減輕痛苦。②Butitdoesmitigatethedisconnectconsiderably.

然而，這在很大程度上緩和了分歧。TextA

Notes8.bladdern.

adistensiblemembranoussac(usuallycontainingliquidorgas)①Hisdiseasedbladderlefthimincontinent.

他患病的膀胱使得他小便失禁。②Hehasdifficultycontrollinghisbladder.

他很難控制小便。TextA

Notes9.ribcage

n.

①Jessica’sheartwasthuddingagainstherribcage.

杰茜卡的心在胸腔里劇烈地跳動著。thestructureofcurvedbones,(calledribs),thatsurroundsandprotectsthechest②Ifyoulookataskeleton,youobservethatmostofyourribcageisinthe

frontofyourbody.

如果你看一具骨架的話，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的胸腔是位于你身體的前面。TextA

Notes10.

intestine

n.thepartofthealimentarycanalbetweenthestomachandtheanus①Thekeyistotakeasupplementofthetwomainprobioticsweneedforthe

intestine,lacto-bacillusacidophilusandbifidobacteriumbifidum.

關(guān)鍵是補(bǔ)充腸道所需的兩種主要益生菌：嗜酸乳桿菌和雙歧桿菌。②Thebody’slargestinternalorganisthesmallintestineatanaveragelengthof20feet.

人體最大的內(nèi)臟器官是小腸，平均長度達(dá)20英尺。TextA

KeySentences1.TCMtheoryassertsthatprocessesofthehumanbodyareinterrelatedandinconstantinteractionwiththeenvironment.SignsofdisharmonyhelptheTCMpractitionerstounderstand,treat,andpreventillnessesanddiseases.assertyourself堅持自己的權(quán)利或意見

Youwillassertyourselfinafirmyettactfulway.interactwith和……打交道Theylearnhowtointeractwiththeirpeers.TextA

KeySentences2.

Composedofanumberofvitalsubstances—Qi,blood,essence,andbodyfluids—thebodyandmindexpresstheirqualitiesthroughthefunctionsoftheinternalorgans.composeof由…組成Thewholeessayiscomposeofsixsections.substancen.

物質(zhì)insubstance實質(zhì)上Nothingofanysubstancewasachievedinthemeeting.TextA

KeySentences3.Thefourmethodsofdiagnosisconsistofobservation,auscultationandolfaction,interrogation,pulsetakingandpalpation.Culturaltip:

中醫(yī)診斷疾病的方法。望是觀察病人的發(fā)育情況、面色、舌苔、表情等；聞是聽病人的說話聲音、咳嗽、喘息，并且嗅出病人的口臭、體臭等氣味；問是詢問病人自己所感到的癥狀，以前所患過的病等；切是用手診脈或按腹部有沒有痞塊。叫做四診。TextAI.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.1.ListsomefamoustraditionalChineseherbs.TextA2.WriteashortpassageaboutanancientChinesedoctor.

HuaTuowasanancientChinesephysicianwholivedinthelateEasternHanDynasty.HuaTuowasfamousforhisabilitiesinacupuncture,moxibustion,andherbalmedicine.HedevelopedtheWuqinxi(ExercisesoftheFiveAnimals)fromstudyingmovementsofthetiger,deer,bear,ape,andcrane.TextA3.WhatistheroleofTraditionalChineseMedicineinancientChina?TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)representsanancientculturallegacyaccumulatedbytheChinesepeopleinthetreatmentandpreventionofvariousdiseases.AnumberofChineseherbsareeffectiveinhelpingpatientstorecoverfromacuteinfectionaswellasintreatingsomechronicdiseases.TextAII.ExplainthefollowingwordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.cupping

Cuppinginvolvesplacingspecialcupsfilledwithheatedaironpainfulareasofthebody.Asthecupscool,thevolumeofairwithinthemshrinks,creatingsuctionontheskinthatincreasesbloodflowtothearea.Itiscommonlyusedtoeaseachesandpains,relieverespiratoryproblems,mitigatecoughsandwheezing,improvecirculation,andreducemenstrualsymptoms.TextA2.Qi

IntraditionalChineseculture,Qiisanactiveprincipleformingpartofanylivingthing.Qiliterallytranslatesasbreath,air,orgasandfigurativelyasmaterialenergy,lifeforce,orenergyflow.QiisthecentralunderlyingprincipleinTraditionalChineseMedicineandmartialarts.TextA3.

fourmethodsofdiagnosis

ThefourmethodsofdiagnosisaregenerallyusedbythedoctorsoftheTraditionalChineseMedicineforthebasicmethodsofdiagnosingillness,includingobservation,auscultationandolfaction,interrogation,pulsetakingandpalpation.TextA4.threeJiaos

AccordingtothethreeJiaostheory,differentpartsofthebodyareresponsiblefordifferentsymptoms.Thetheorybreaksthebodyupintothreeregions:startingfromtheupperJiao,whichstartsattheribcage,andworkingthroughthemiddleJiao,whichincludesthecenterofthebody,downtothelowerJiao,whichincludestheintestines,kidneys,bladder,andlegs.TextA5.Zang-fu

Zang-fuinvolvestheorganswhichcanbedividedintoYinorZangandYangorFu.Eachorganisassignedanelementandacomplementaryorgan.Thefiveelementsarewood,air,water,fire,andmetal,andvariousproblemscanbetracedtoimbalancesintheseelements,whichordinarilyshouldcoexistinharmony.TextAIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextAIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextAIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.中醫(yī)是中華文化不可分割的一部分，為振興華夏做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。在定義上，中醫(yī)是指導(dǎo)中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥理論和實踐的一種醫(yī)學(xué)，它包括中草藥、針灸、推拿、氣功和食療。1.TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)isanintegralpartofChineseculture.IthasmadegreatcontributionstotheprosperityofChina.Bythedefinition,TCMisamedicalsciencegoverningthetheoryandpracticeofChinesemedicine.Itincludesherbalmedicine,acupuncture,TuiNa,Qigong,anddietarytherapy.TextA2.相比于西方人，中國人似乎更喜歡中醫(yī)，更喜歡花草茶，更重視食物的冷熱。一些人在天氣熱的時候特別喜歡喝冷飲，像這樣毫無節(jié)制地喝冷飲可能對聲帶產(chǎn)生不良影響，容易使嗓子發(fā)炎，而且可能導(dǎo)致感冒、胃病和腹瀉。2.ChinesepeoplearemorelikelytotakeTraditionalChineseMedicine,herbalteas,andobserve“cold”or“hot”warningsforfoodthanWesterners.Somepecpledrinkicy-colddrinksinhotweathertoooftenandthismayleadtoillnessessuchashoarsevoice,inflamedthroat,colds,upsetstomach,anddiarrhea.TextB

Notes1.allopathic

adj.oforrelatingtothepracticeofallopathy①Chemicalallopathicveterinarydrugsandantibioticsisprohibited.

禁止使用化學(xué)對抗療法的獸藥和抗生素。②Theimpersonalapproachofallopathicmedicinehasarousedthegreatrevivalofinterestinnaturaltherapies,thenature'swaytohealthandrelaxation.

針對癥狀而非個人的對抗療法，令人們對歷史悠久的自然療法恢復(fù)很大的興趣。TextB

Notes2.pharaohn.thetitleoftheancientEgyptiankings①BritisharchaeologistHowardCarterknewthatthetomboftheEgyptianpharaohTutankhamunexistedfrominformationfoundinothersites.英國考古學(xué)家霍華德·卡特從在其他遺址中發(fā)現(xiàn)的信息里得知，埃及法老圖坦卡蒙的墳?zāi)故谴嬖诘摹＂贏hugequartziteblockhadanengravingofapharaoh.一塊巨大的石灰?guī)r上雕刻著法老的臉孔。TextB

Notes3.colony

n.acountryoranareathatisgovernedbypeoplefromanother,morepowerful,country①AmericausedtobeaBritishcolony.美國曾經(jīng)是英國的殖民地。②NASA’sprogramalsointendedtostudytheideaofestablishingamooncolony.

NASA的計劃還打算研究建立月球殖民地的想法。TextB

Notes4.remedy

n.awayofdealingwithorimprovinganunpleasantordifficultsituation①Sleepingpills,whilehelpfulforsome,arenotnecessarilyaneffectiveremedy

either.

安眠藥雖然對一些人有幫助，但也不一定是有效的治療方法。②Thereisnosimpleremedyforunemployment.

失業(yè)問題沒有簡單的解決辦法。TextB

Notes5.antiquity

n.

anartifactsurvivingfromthepast①ThemuseumcontainstheremainsofChineseantiquity.

博物館藏有中國古代的遺物。②

ThestatuewasbroughttoRomeinantiquity.

這座雕像是古時運(yùn)到羅馬的。TextB

Notes6.rearguard

adj.adetachmentassignedtoprotecttherearofa(retreating)militarybody①Theyhavebeenfightingarearguardactionfortwoyearstostoptheirhousebeingdemolished.

兩年來，為了不讓拆除他們的房子，他們一直在進(jìn)行最后的努力。②Mr.Linlooksincreasinglylikesomeonefightingarearguardactiontokeeptheirjob.

林先生越來越像是為了保住自己的工作而作最后一搏的那些人。TextB

Notes7.stethoscope

n.

amedicalinstrumentforlisteningtothesoundsgeneratedinsidethebody①Listeningtoapurringcatthroughastethoscopeisagreatrelaxationtechnique.

用聽診器聽貓發(fā)出的呼嚕聲是很好的放松技巧。②Inspecialtiesrangingfromcardiaccaretopediatriccare,theycouldbecomeasessentialindailymedicineasthestethoscope.

在心臟護(hù)理至兒科護(hù)理的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域中，它們在日常醫(yī)學(xué)中可

能會像聽診器一樣不可或缺。TextB

Notes8.antiseptic

adj.

thoroughlycleanandfreeofordestructivetodisease-causingorganisms①Putalittleantisepticcreamonthegrazedskin.

在擦傷的皮膚上涂點兒抗菌乳膏。②Thesevegetablesandherbshavestrongantisepticqualities.

這些蔬菜和草本植物有很強(qiáng)的殺菌性。TextB

Notes9.transfusion

n.theintroductionofbloodorbloodplasmaintoaveinorartery①HecontractedAIDSfromabloodtransfusion.

他因一次輸血感染了艾滋病。②Withoutatransfusion,thevictim’sprobabilityofdyingwas100%.

不輸血的話，該患者的死亡概率是100%。TextB

Notes10.insulinn.hormonesecretedbytheislesofLangerhansinthepancreas;regulatesstorageofglycogenintheliverandacceleratesoxidationofsugarincells①Insulinenablesthebodytouseandstoresugar.

胰島素使人體能夠利用和貯存糖分。②Type1Diabetesresultsfromthebodynothavingenoughinsulin.1型糖尿病是由于體內(nèi)沒有足夠的胰島素。TextB

KeySentences1.ItdiffersfromEasternoralternativemedicineinitsapproachtotreatment,whichreliesheavilyuponindustriallyproducedmedicationsandastrictadherencetotheformalscientificprocess.differfrom與……不同Yourneedscandifferfromdaytoday.relyupon

依靠Itwouldberashtorelyonsuchevidence.adherenceto

堅持Hisrigidadherencetotherulesmadehimunpopular.TextB

KeySentences2.TheRomansconqueredGreeceandafterwardsdoctorsintheRomanEmpirewereoftenGreeks.Manyofthemwereslaves.DoctorshadlowstatusinRome.However,thestatepaidpublicdoctorstotreatthepoor.conquer攻克，征服

Theonlywaytoconquerafearistofaceit.afterward

adv.后來;之后Afterwardhechangedtheresearchdirectionfromthecountrytheresidentialsociety.TextB

KeySentences3.ThemiddleagesmedicinewasdominatedbytheideasofGalenandthetheoryofthefourhumors.Medievaldoctorsweregreatbelieversinblood-letting.Peoplebelievedthatregularbleedingwouldkeepyouhealthy.bedominantedby被...支配...

Culturaltip:

四液學(xué)說是指希波克拉底創(chuàng)立的性格學(xué)說。它指出由血液、黑膽、黃膽、黏液四種體液組合的比例不同，構(gòu)成了各人的不同氣質(zhì)。理論上來說是紅色（多血質(zhì)），藍(lán)色（抑郁質(zhì)），黃色（膽汁質(zhì)），綠色（粘液質(zhì)）。每一類型按照一系列的描述來定義。人們與這些描述的匹配度，決定了是否擁有一種或以上的性格類型。TextBI.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.1.ListoneortwofamousChineseandWesterndoctors.SunSimiaowasamostfamousphysicianandcrownedas“KingofHerbalMedicine”.HippocrateswasaGreekphysicianandreferredtoasthe“FatherofModernMedicine”.Bothofthemhaddifferentmedicalconceptsandmethods.However,theymadegrandcontributiontotheircareersforsavingpeople’slivesandearnedgreathonorintheircountries.TextB2.WriteashortpassageabouttheAmericanhealthcaresystem.HealthcaresystemintheUnitedStatesisprovidedbymanydistinctorganizations.Healthcarefacilitiesarelargelyownedandoperatedbyprivatesectorbusinesses.58%ofUScommunityhospitalsarenon-profit,21%aregovernmentowned,and21%arefor-profit.TextB3.WhatarethesimilaritiesbetweenChineseTuiNaandWesternmassage?ChineseTuiNaisaformofmanipulativetherapy.Itaimstoopenthebody’sblockagesandstimulatemovementinthemeridiansandmuscles.Westernmassagecanbeappliedwiththehands,fingers,elbows,knees,forearms,feet,ormassagedevices.Bothofthemcanhelppeoplerelaxtheirmuscleandmind.TextBII.ExplainthefollowingwordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.insulin

Insulinisapeptidehormoneproducedbybetacellsofthepancreaticislets.Glucoseproductionbytheliverisstronglyinhibitedbyhighconcentrationsofinsulinintheblood.Circulatinginsulinalsoaffectsthesynthesisofproteinsinawidevarietyoftissues.TextB2.RoyalCollegeofPhysicians

RoyalCollegeofPhysiciansisaBritishprofessionalbodydedicatedtoimprovingthepracticeofmedicine,chieflythroughtheaccreditationofphysiciansbyexamination.Foundedin1518,itsetthefirstinternationalstandardintheclassificationofdiseasesanditslibrarycontainsmedicaltextsofgreathistoricalinterest.TextB3.

fourhumors

Essentially,thetheoryoffourhumorsholdsthatthehumanbodyisfilledwithfourbasicsubstancescalledhumors,whichareinbalancewhenapersonishealthy.Alldiseasesanddisabilitiessupposedlyresultedfromanexcessordeficitofoneofthesefourhumors.Thefourhumorsareblackbile,yellowbile,phlegm,andblood.TextB4.Hippocraticoath

TheHippocraticoathisanoathhistoricallytakenbyphysicians.Initsoriginalform,itrequiresanewphysiciantoswear,byanumberofhealinggods,toupholdspecificethicalstandards.Nowadaysvariousmodernizedversionsareoftenused.TextB5.antibiotics

Antibioticsisatypeofantimicrobialdrugusedinthetreatmentandpreventionofbacterialinfections.Theymayeitherkillorinhibitthegrowthofbacteria.Antibioticsarenoteffectiveagainstvirusessuchasthecommoncoldorinfluenzaandtheirinappropriateuseallowstheemergenceofresistantorganisms.TextBIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextBIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextBIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.正常的人體細(xì)胞也可能成為外來的入侵者。例如，當(dāng)一個人的肝臟器官移植到另一個人的體內(nèi)時，接受者的免疫系統(tǒng)視外來的移植器官細(xì)胞為入侵的敵人。1.Normalhumancellscanalsobecomeforeigninvaders.Whenanorgansuchasaliveristransplantedfromonepersontoanother,cellsfromthetransplantedorganareseenasenemyinvadersbytheimmunesystemofthepersonreceivingtheorgan.TextB2.Moderateexercisesuchaswalking,ridingabike,orswimmingisagreatwaytogetstarted.Butanyactivitiesthatraiseyourheartrate,includingdailychores,canhelp,especiallyifyoucandothemoutdoorsornearasunnywindow.Yoga,jogging,andTaiChicanallhelpliftyourmood.2.適度的運(yùn)動，如散步、騎自行車或游泳，是一個很好的開始。任何提高心率的活動，包括日常雜務(wù)，尤其是在戶外或陽光明媚的窗戶旁進(jìn)行時，都會對健康有所幫助。瑜伽、慢跑和太極都能幫助你改善心情。

TheCompendiumofMateriaMedicaTheInterpretationofDreamsTextCComparison1

PulsePalpationEvidence-basedMedicineTextCComparison2TraditionalChineseHerbalMedicinePillTextCComparison3

Acupuncture

InjectionTextCComparison4

ChineseMedicinalDiet

NaturalHealthProductsTextCComparison5Case

Study

電影《刮痧》

電影《刮痧》自上映以來一直好評如潮，很大的原因是，該影片表現(xiàn)出的中美文化差異和沖突引人深思。許大同的老父親為孫子丹尼斯刮痧，結(jié)果許大同被美國兒童福利院的官員指控虐待兒童。因為刮痧這件事，許家差點家破人亡。在第一次聽證會上，當(dāng)許大同第一次說出“刮痧”“經(jīng)”“氣”等詞的時候，法官和在場所有美國人都認(rèn)為他在胡說。Case

Study

美國人認(rèn)為，把兒童的背部弄得傷痕累累，這不是虐童是什么。在中國，“刮痧”是一種傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)療法，是十分正常的事情。這就是問題所在，因為存在文化的盲點和誤區(qū)，所以大家都不能很好地了解對方，認(rèn)識對方。雙方各執(zhí)一詞，誤會越來越大。所幸許大同的老板桑蘭最后去了一趟中國，親身體驗了一回刮痧，才消除這個巨大的文化誤會，并化解文化沖突。Case

Study

分析點評

中國和西方的醫(yī)學(xué)理念存在差異。中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)將人看成一個整體，刮痧作為一種傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)絡(luò)治病方法早已被東方文化所接受。西方醫(yī)學(xué)將人體分割成運(yùn)動、神經(jīng)、消化等幾大系統(tǒng)，不認(rèn)可中醫(yī)經(jīng)絡(luò)的存在。因此，在跨文化交際中，我們要更好地了解其他國家和其他民族的文化，不誤解，不扭曲，給予充分的尊重。Translation

漢譯英

1.李時珍

明代著名的醫(yī)學(xué)家李時珍寫了名著《本草綱目》(TheCompendiumofMateriaMedica)。這部著作約有200萬字，記載藥物(medicalsubstance)1892種。除了中草藥(Chineseherbalmedicine)，他在該書中寫道，動物和礦物質(zhì)也可入藥?！侗静菥V目》堪稱中醫(yī)史上最完整的醫(yī)書，對各種藥物的名稱、氣味、形態(tài)等都做了詳盡的介紹。它被翻譯成20多種語言并在全世界廣為流傳。時至今日，李時珍寫的這本書仍然被用作醫(yī)學(xué)參考書。Translation

Keys

1.LiShizhen

LiShizhen,afamousmedicalscientistintheMingDynasty,wroteTheCompendiumofMateriaMedica.Withalmost2millionChinesecharacters,thebooklists1,892kindsofmedicalsubstances.BesidesChineseherbalmedicine,herecordedinthebookthatanimalsandmineralscouldbeusedasmedicinalsubstancestoo.TheCompendiumofMateriaMedicaisregardedasthemostcompletemedicalbookinthehistoryofTraditionalChineseMedicine.Detailedintroductionsofallthemedicalsubstancesaregiveninthebook,includingname,smell,andappearance,etc.Ithasbeentranslatedintomorethan20languagesandspreadsallovertheworld.Sofar,thebookwrittenbyLiShizhenhasstillbeenusedasareferencebookinmedicine.Translation

Keys

2.養(yǎng)生

當(dāng)你20歲的時候，身體在代謝率、力量、靈活性和肌肉耐力方面處于巔峰。30歲時，你的身體狀況會下降，循環(huán)訓(xùn)練可鍛煉主要肌肉群，因此，不妨一周進(jìn)行一次循環(huán)訓(xùn)練，再通過游泳或做瑜伽來鍛煉身體的靈活性，這樣最合適。在40歲時，必須照顧好你的關(guān)節(jié)。適當(dāng)?shù)臒嵘砗徒Y(jié)束運(yùn)動對于防止傷害是有必要的。對關(guān)節(jié)有利的運(yùn)動包括健步走、騎車、游泳和低強(qiáng)度有氧運(yùn)動。身體的代謝率會隨著年齡增長而下降，堅持運(yùn)動有助于延緩衰老，提高心肺功能，和降低血壓。Translation

Keys

2.Fitness

Duringyour20s,yourbodyisatitspeakintermsofmetabolicrate,strength,flexibility,andmusclestamina.Fitnesslevelsdropinyour30s.Circuittrainingexercisesthemajormusclegroups,soonecircuittrainingclassonceaweekplusswimmingoryogaforflexibilityisideal.It’simportanttolookafteryourjointsinyour40sandproperlywarmingupandcoolingdownisamusttopreventinjury.Joint-friendlyactivitiesincludebriskwalking,cycling,swimming,andlow-impactaerobics.Thebody’smetabolicratedecreaseswithage,sokeepingactivewillhelptodelayageing,improveheartandrespiratoryfunction,andlowerbloodpressure.Translation

英譯漢

1.