2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專(zhuān)練 熱點(diǎn)34 石油的利用及相關(guān)話(huà)題(學(xué)生版+解析版)

2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專(zhuān)練

熱點(diǎn)34石油的利用及相關(guān)話(huà)題

一、閱讀理解

1

Thereisnotenoughoilintheworldnow.Aslimegoesby,itbecomeslessandless,sowhatarewegoingtodo

whenitrunsout?Perhapswewillgobacktousehorses,carriagesandbicycles.

IntheSecondWorldWar,somepeopledidn'tusegasmadefrompetroleum（石油）intheircars.Theymade

gasfromwoodandplantsinstead.Thecardidn'tgofast,buttheyran,sothiswasbetterthannothing.However,in

thefuture,wccan'tcutdownallourtreestomakegas;weneedourtreesforotherthings,too.

Besidesdifferenttypesofgas,wecanalsouseelectricity（電）torunourcars,butfirstwemustmake

electricity!Somecountrieshavecoalandtheymakeelectricitywiththat,butwemightnotalwayshavecoal,either.

Othercountrieshavebig,strongrivers,andtheycanusethepowerofwaterto（urnturbines（渦輪機(jī)）andmake

electricitymoreeasilyandcheaply.Wearcalsoabletogetpowerfromtheoceantides（海潮）.Wcputturbinesinto

（hemouthoftheriver.Then（hetidecomesin,（hewaterturns（heturbinesandthenitgoesout,it（urnsthemagain.

Whichofthesewayswillbeusedtorunourcarsinthefuture?

1.Whenmightpeoplehavetogobacktousehorsesandcarriages?

A.Whentheyarcpoor.

B.Whentheyrunoutofoil.

C.Whentheyneedmoreexercise.

D.Whentherearen'tanybigtreesintheworld.

2.WhatdidsomepeopleusetomakegasintheSecondWork!War?

A.Water.B.Coal.C.Woodandplants.D.Tides.

3.Howmanywaysaresuggestedtomakeelectricityinthepassage?

A.2.B.5.C.4.D.3.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Thereismorepetroleumthanwccanusenow.

B.Treesareneededforsomeotherthingsbesidesmakinggas.

C.Wegotelectricityfromoceantidesintheolddays.

D.Gaswasn'tusedtoruncarsintheSecondWorldWar.

5.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.howtorunourcarsB.whattodowhenoilrunsout

C.differenttypesofgasD.thewaystomakeelectricity

2

Energyisveryimportantinmodernlife.Peopleuseenergytorunmachines,heatandcooltheirhomes,cook,

getlight,andtransportpeopleandproductsfromplacetoplace.Mostenergycomesfromfossil(化石)

fuels—petroleum,coalandnaturalgas.However,burningfossilfuelscausepollution.Alsoifwedon'tfindnew

kindsofenergy,wewilluseupallthefossilfuelsinthetwenty-firstcentury.Scientistsareworkinghardtofind

otherkindsofenergyforthefuture.Whatmightthesesourcesofenergybe?

Energyfromthewind

Allovertheworld,peopleusethepowerofthewind.Itturnswindmillsandmovessail-boats.Itisaclean

sourceofenergy,andthereislotsofit.Unfortunately,ifthewinddocsnotblow,thereisnowindenergy.

Energyfromwater

Whenwalermovesfromahighplacetoalowerplace,itmakesenergy.Thisenergyisusedtocreateelectricity.

InBrittany,France,forexample,waterpowerproducesenoughenergytolightatownof40000people.Waterpower

givesenergywithoutpollution.Hov/ever,peoplehavetobuilddarnstousethisenergy.Damscostalotofmoney,

sowaterenergyisexpensive.

Energyfromtheearth

Thereisheatinrocksundertheearth.Scientistsusethisheattomakegeothermalenergy.SanFranciscogets

halfoftheenergyitneedsfromgeothermalpower.Thiskindofenergyischeap,butitispossibleonlyinafew

placesintheworld.

Energyfromthesun

Solarpanelsontheroofsofhousescanturnenergyfrom(hesunintoelectricity.Thesepanelscancreate

enoughenergytohealanentirehouse.Solarpoweriscleanand(hereisalolofitinsunnyplaces.Butwhenthe

weatherisbad,thereisnosunlightfbrenergy.

6.Whatdocsthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Advantagesoftheenergyfromnature.

B.Thefutureofenergy.

C.Scientistshavebeenworkinghardtoresearchotherkindsofenergy.

D.Energyis(hemostimportantpowerintheworld.

7.Fromthefirstparagraph,weknov/.

A.energycandoeverythingforpeople

B.alltheenergycausespollution

C.thenewkindsofenergyarebadlyneeded

D.scientistshavefoundotherkindsofenergyforfuture

8.Whatisthewriter'sopinionabouttheenergy?

A.Trytousewaterenergymorethoughitcostsalot.

B.Eachnaturalenergyhasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages.

C.Solarpowerisenvironmental.

D.Windpoweristhecheapestbutwecan'tgetenough.

9.Thewritersuggestsinthepassagethat.

A.inthe21stcenturyfossilfuelsmaybeusedup

B.(henewsourcesofenergywillchangeinihenexttwentyyears

C.ifwedigdeepenough,intheearth,wefindgeothennalenergyeverywhere

D.FrenchandAmericanaremoreinterestedinwaterandheatenergy

10.Whatcanbeinferred(推斷)fromthepassage?

A.Inordertoprotectourenvironment,weshouldtryotherkindsofenergy.

B.Allscientistsintheworldwillunitetofindenergy.

C.Peopleinmodernlifeuseenergyeveiyday.

D.Energychangespeople'slives.

3

Today'sworldisfullofplasticgoods,fromwalerboltlestocarpans.Wemakeplastictoys,toothbrushes,and

shoppingbags.Plasticissousefulthatil'shardtoimaginelifewithoutit,butithasnotbeenaroundthatlong.

Thefirstplasticwasinventedin1869.That'swhenAmericanJohnWesleyHyattmadeaformofplasticfrom

aplantmaterialcalledcellulose.Beforelong,hisdiscoverywasusedtomakecombs,eyeglasses,buttons,andfilm.

Inthe1900s,petroleumproductssuchasoilreplacedcellulose.Newkindsofplasticwerediscoveredinthe

1950s,andthat'swhentherealboonbegan.Peoplestartedtouseplasticinmanyfieldsinsteadoftheoldmaterials.

Plasticsquicklyreplacepaper,glass,metal,andwoodinagrowingnumberofproducts.In1960,theUnitedStates

made6billionpoundsofplastic.By1988,theoutputhadgrownto50billionpounds.Thesedays,almost1()

percentoftheoilAmericausesever/yearisturnedintoplastic.That's2millionbarrelsofoiladay.

Mostoftheplasticevermadestillexists.Unlikewood,metal,andpaper,plasticdocsnotbreakdowneasily.

Somepeoplethinkplasticwillneverbreakclown.Otherssayi(maytake500or1,000years.Nooneknowsforsure

becauseithasbeenaroundfortooshortatime.ButifGeorgeWashingtonhadusedplasticwaterbottlesinthe

1700s,thosebottleswouldprobablystillbearound.

Althoughplasticlastsalongtime,wedon'tkeepplasticproductsverylong.Weusethemandthrowthem

away.Onlyabout5percentofplasticisrecycled.Ahugeamountofitendsupfloatingintheocean.Thenseabirds,

seals,turtles,whalesandfisheatit.Scientistsoftenfindseaanimalsthathavestaned(餓)todeathwiththeir

stomachsfullofplastic.Andeverytimeitrains,moretrashfromcitystreetsflushesintothesea.Muchofthattrash

isplastic.

Whatcanwcdoaboutplastic?First,beaware.Oiltakesmillionsofyearstoform.Shouldwcuseupthis

preciousfueltomakeflimsyshoppingbagsthatareusedonceandthrownaway?Shouldanyanimalpayforour

conveniencewithitslife?Eachperson'sactionscanmakeadifference.It'stimetoactnow.

11.Whatcanweknowaboutplastic?

A.Plasticisnowwidelyusedineveryareaofourdailylife.

B.Americaholdstheleadingpositionintheworld-wideuseofplastic.

C.Plasticcanlastformorethan300yearsandwillneverbreakdown.

D.About95%ofplasticisusedonceandthenthrownaway.

12.Whichdetailsupportstheideathatplasticcanbedangerous?

A.Animalsstarvetodeathaftereatingplastic.

B.Muchofthattrashisplastic.

C.About10percentoftheoilweuseeveryyearismadeintoplastic.

D.JohnWesleyHyattmade(hefirstplasticfromcellulose.

13.Theunderlinedword“replace”inparagraph3means"

A.TakethechargeofB.Increaseinvalue

C.TaketheplaceofD.Decreaseinvalue

14.Whatmightbewritteninthefollowingparagraph?

A.Reasonsaboutwhyweshoulduselessplastic.

B.Criticismonthosewhomakeandbuyplastic.

C.Tipsforusingplasticintheenvironmentalfriendlyway.

D.Differencebetweenusingplasticandothermaterials.

15.What,sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.AmazingPlastic.B.DangerousPlastic.C.UselessPlastic.D.NewPlastic

4

Thewaterhyacinth（水葫蘆）growsintropicalcountrieswheretheweatherishotandwet.Ithasbeautiful

purple-blueflowers,huteverybodyhatesit.Why?

Millionsandmillionsoftheseplantsgrowinriversandlakes.Sometimestheplantsbecomesothickthat

peoplecanwalkonthem.Peoplecannottravelinboatsonthewater,andtheycannotfishinit.Theplantsstopthe

waterfrommoving.Thenthewatercarriesdiseases.Farmerscannotusethewaterontheirland.

Nowscientiststhinkthatwaterhyacinthscanbeuseful.Theplantsarcreallyafreecrop.Noonehastotake

careofthem.Theyjustgrowandgrowandgrow.Whatcanfarmersusethemfor?

Somefishlikeloeat（hem.Fannerscangrowthesefishinihelakesandrivers.

Workerscancollectandcuttheplantswithmachines.Thentheycanmakefertilizer（月巴格Dtomaketheircrops

growbetter.Theycanalsomakefeedfortheirfarmanimals.

Nowweburngasfrompetroleum（石油）forenergy.Maybethisplantcanhelptomakemethanegas（CH4）

insteadofpetroleum.Methanegascanbemadefromplants.Thenpoortropicalcountrieswillnothavetobuyso

muchexpensivepetroleum.Maybeinthefuturepeoplewilllovethewaterhyacinthinsteadofhatingit.

16.Accordingtothepassage,thewaterhyacinthcangrowin.

A.Russia.B.Canada.C.Thailand

17.Whydopeoplehalewaterhyacinths?

A.Nofishcanliveinthewaterwithwaterhyacinths.

B.Waterhyacinthsareuseless.

C.Waterhyacinthspreventwaterfrommoving.

18.Fromthepassage,wcknow.

A.waterhyacinthsshouldbetakencareof.

B.waterhyacinthsarehardtogrow.

C.farmerscankeepsomefishinthewaterwithwaterhyacinths.

19.Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromthelastparagraph（段落）?

A.Peoplewon'tusethisplantinthefuture.

B.CH4isakindofgasthatpeoplecanburntogetenergy.

C.Thetropicalcountrieswillgetalloftheenergyfrompetroleum.

20.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Howtogeltheenergyfromthisplant.

B.Twosidesofwaterhyacinihs.

C.Weshouldgrowwaterhyacinthsatonce.

5

You'veprobablyheardthephrase"gooutsideandgetsomefreshair"before.Breathingfreshaircanmakeus

feelmoreenergetic.However,noteveryoneintheworldhasthechancetoenjoyit.

AccordingtoanewstudyfromtheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）,nineoutofevery10peopleonthe

planetbreathepollutedair.

Pollutedaircangetdeepinsideyourlungswhenyoubreathe,causingdiseases（疾?。﹍ikelungcancer（肺癌）

andheartdisease.Around7millionpeopledieeveryyearfrombreathingpollutedair.

Morethan90percentofthesedeathshappeninlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,mainlyinAsiaandAfrica.

Amongtheworld's20mostpollutedcities,14areinIndia.

Someofthebiggestsource（來(lái)源）ofairpollutionincludefactoriesandvehicles（交通工具）.Insomeregions,

sandanddesertdust,aswellastheburningofwaste,alsocauseairpollution.

Anotherlargesourceofairpollutioncanbefoundinsomepeople'shomes.Morethan40percentofthe

world'spopulationisstillusingwoodstovesoropenfirestomakemealsandheattheirhomes.Thiscreatesharmful

panicles（顆粒）andgassesindoors.

Althoughthisproblemisserious,thegoodnewsisthatcountriesaretakingactiontofightit.Indiahas

provided37millionpoorwomenwithfreeliquefiedpetroleumgas1液化石油氣）whileMexicoCityhascreated

cleanervehiclestandards.

MariaNcira,WHO'sheadofpublichealth,saidChinahassetagoodexampletotheworldinimprovingair

quality."ThereisabigstepatthegovernmentlevelinChinadeclaringwar（宣戰(zhàn)）onairpollution,"shesaid.

21.Whichofthefollowingsourcesmaycauseairpollutionaccordingtothepassage?

a.factoriesb.breathingc.desertdustd.openfiree.liquefiedpetroleumgasf.cleaner

vehicle

A.abcB.cdf.C.bcf.D.acd

22.Whatdocstheunderlinedword'This"inParagraph6referto?

A.Makingmeals.B.Heatinghomes.

C.Usingwoodstoves.D.Burningwaste.

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thereare14world'smostpollutedcitiesinAfrica.

B.7millionpeopledieoflungcancerandheartdisease.

C.Indianwomenuseliquefiedpetroleumgasforverylittlemoney.

D.TheheadofWHOpraisedChinaforitsinfluenceonmakingaircleaner.

24.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Chinahaswonthewaronairpollution.

B.90%peopleontheplanetliveinthepollutedair.

C.AirpollutionisaseriousprobleminAsiaandAfrica.

D.Thegovernmentsstarttopayattentiontothesourcesofairpollution.

6

InthemovieTheDayAfterTomorrow,globalwarmingcausesasecondIceAge.Themoviehasledtoalotof

discussion:CouldanotherIccAgereallybepossible?

Onthefirstdaywhenthemoviewasputon,environmentalactivistgroupMoveOn.orghandedoutthousands

ofleafletsoutsidetheaters.Theiriressagewas,“Globalwarmingisn'tjustamovie.It'syourfuture.MItisnow

widelyacceptedthattheEarthisgettinghotter.

Onereasonforthisisthelargeamountofcarbondioxideintheair,causedbyburningcoalandpetroleum（石

油）.InAlaska,temperatureshaverisenbyasmuchas4.4℃overthelast30years,causingglacierstomelt（冰川

M蟲(chóng)化）,andthesealeveltorise.Somescientistssaythatthetide（潮汐）movesanaverageofthreemeterscloser

tothelandeachyear.

ThisisseenintheAlaskanislandvillageofShishmaref,wherehousesarcdisappearingintotheocean.Soon,

thevillagewillbecompletelyunderwater,andthepeoplelivingtherearcalreadyleavingtogotothemainland.

However,mostscientistsbelievethatclimatechangecouldneverhappenassuddenlyasthemoviesuggests,and

thatthereisadangerthatitmightcausepeopletothinkthatglobalwarmingisjustthemovie.Butthemovie's

director,RichardEmmerich,welcomesthediscussion,sayingthathewantedtomakethemovieshowthatglobal

warmingisnotjustsciencefiction,butareality.

25.Whatisthetopicofthistext?

A.Glaciersmelting.B.Iceage.C.Globalwarming.D.Weather.

26.Whyhasthemovieledtoalotofdiscussion?

A.BecauseitshowsglobalwarmingcausesasecondIceAge.

B.Becausetheglobalwanningcausesthesealeveltorise.

C.Becausealotofcoalisburnedtoproducecarbondioxide.

D.Becausethetidemovesaboutthreemetersclosertotheland.

27.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“l(fā)eaflets“inParagraph2meaninChinese?

A.海報(bào)B.樹(shù)葉C.電影票D.傳單

28.WhatcanwcinferfromthelastsentenceinParagraph3?

A.AsecondIceAgewillcome.

B.Thepetroleumwillbecomeless.

C.Thevillageswillbeunderwater.

D.Thevillagerswillthinkaboutthetopic.

29.Mostscientistsareworriedthat

A.climatechangewillhappensuddenly.

B.peoplemightnottakethesituationasareality.

C.themoviedirectorwelcomesthediscussion.

D.peoplelivingonislandsareleavingformainland.

7

UndertheDome,a103-minuledocumentarybyformernewsreporterChaiJing,wasreleasedon

video-sharingwebsitesinChinaorFeb28.Ithasrapidlypushedthepublicattentionaboutairpollutionand

encouragedpeopletojoininefforts:omakeadifference.

Chai,39,saidshestartedtheworkoutofher“personalclashes,'withsmog(霧霾)aftershegavebirthtoher

daughter,whogotcancerwhenChaiwaspregnant,"Iclosedallthewindows.Istartedeverydaybycheckingthe

airpollutionindex."Chaisaid.Millionsofotherpeoplearealsodoingthesame.Whiletheystopthere,Chaigoes

deepei.doiftwaul(oliveinthisway.Ineedtofindoutwheie(hesmogcomesfiomandwhaloneaitliisgoing

on.

Overayear,sheexaminedpollutedsitestofindthesources（根源）ofsmog,visitedtheUSandtheUKto

learnabouttheirexperienceofpreventingpollution,andinterviewedofficials,scientistsandthegeneralpublic.

Chai'sresearchfindsthattheburningofcoalandoilhelpstobringabout60percentofPM2.5pollutants.Soshe

questionsthecountry'senergyconsumption（消費(fèi)）habitsinthefilm.ThefilmalsopointsatChina'spetroleum（石

5由）andsteelindustriesasthebiggestsourcesofairpollution.Chaigoesontolistthethingscommonpeoplecan

dotohelpprotecttheenvironment.

Thefilmhascausednationaldiscussionaftergoingonline.Somepicturesofwitheredtrees,greyskiesand

babiesundertreatmentbecauseofbadpollutionhavemovedmanypeople.Butmostimportantly,thefilmlooksat

solutionsthatthegovernmentandeachpersoncancarryouttohelp.

ChengChen,a22-year-oklstudentfromBeijingUniversity,foundthedocumentary“veryinspiring".“Iused

tothinkil'snotmydutytodealwithairpollulion-Idon'townafactoryoracar,“saidCheng.^ButChaitoldme

wesharethesamefate（命運(yùn)）sincewebreathethesameairandthereisalotIcando.”

30.UndertheDomeisadocumentarymainlyabout.

A.Chai'sdaughterB.thesmogC.thecancer

31.ChaiJinggoesdeeperintoherworkbecauseshewantsto.

A.knowwhathascausedsmogB.liveinthiswayC.becomemorefamous

32.Theunderlinedword“withered”inthe4thparagraphmaymean.

A.livelyB.deadC.green

33.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.ordinarypeoplecan'ldoanythingtohelpprotectourenvironment

B.ChaivisitedtheUSandtheUKtolearnabouttheirsourcesofsmog

C.China'sbiggestsourcesofairpollutionarcfrompetroleumandsteelindustries

34.Weshouldtrytoprotecttheenvironmentbecause.

A.wesharethesamefateandwebreathethesameair

B.allthepeopleweremovedbythedocumentary

C.diefilmhascausednationaldiscussionaftergoingonline

8

FouiShenzhenbiands,namelyHuawei,PingAn,WcChatandTencentQQ,haveenteied（helistof（liewoildS

50mostvaluablebrands,accordingtoBrandFinance,whichrecentlyreleasedtheirrankings(排名)ofthe500most

valuablebrandsintheworldin2019,theShenzhenEconomicDailyreported.

Inparticular,Huawei,PingAnandWeChathavemadegreatprogressintermsoftheirbrandvalueand

rankingsthisyear.

WithabrandvalueofUSS62.278billion,Huaweiclimbedfrom25to12thisyear.Itsbrandvaluealso

increasedby63.7percentcomparedwith2018.PingAnincreaseditsbrandvalueby76.7percentand(ookNo.14

withaUS$57.626billionbrandvaluation.

WeChat'sbrandvaluereachedUS$50.707billion,up126.2percentyearonyearandrising27places.

TechnologycompaniescontinuetodominateBrandFinance'slistthisyear,assixoutofthetop10most

valuablecompaniesarcfromthetechnologysector.

Amazonisrankedtheworld'smostvaluablebrandwithabrandvalueofUS$187.9billion,followedbyApple

andGoogle,eachhavingabrandvalueofUS$153.6billionandUS$142.8billion,respectively.

Traditionalsale-companiesarelosingvalueandhaveseennotablechangesintherankings.Asthemost

valuablebrandin(heworld10yearsago,Walmarthasdroppedoutofthelop10fbr(hefirsttimethisyear.

Chinesebrandshavewitnessed(hefastestgrowthonthelist.ThetotalbrandvalueofallChinesebrandshas

exceededUS$1.37trillion,withthetechnology,banking,insuranceandrealestateindustriesshov/ingexcellent

performance.

AmongtheChinesebrandsonthelist,IndustrialandCommercialBankofChinaisrankedthehighestatNo.8,

withChinaConstructionBankat10.andHuaweiat12.

Theothertop50ChinesebrandsarePingAn(14),ChinaMobile(15),AgriculturalBankofCh:na(16),State

GridCorpofChina(18),BankofChina(19),WeChat(20),TencentQQ(21),Taobao(23),ChinaNational

PetroleumCorp.(33),Tmall(35),KweichowMoutai(45)andSinopec(49).

35.WhatwasWechat,srankingin2018

A.27.B.20.C.53.D.47.

36.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

A.Therearc20technologybrandsinTop50.

B.Googleisthesecondvaluablebrandintheworld.

C.Walmarthasevercomebacktotop10once.

D.HuaweiisnotthemostvaluablebrandinChina.

37.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanwefindthisnews?

A.Culture.B.Wealth.C.Health.D.Education.

38.WhichisthereasonofChinesebrandshavingarapiddevelopment?

A.FourShenzhenbrandsincreasetheirbrandvalue.

B.Traditionalsale-companiesarelosingvalue.

C.Technologycompaniesgrowquicklythesedays.

D.Chinesebrandsimprovesatisfyinglyinseveraldifferentfields.

二、閱讀回答問(wèn)題

閱讀下列短文，回答問(wèn)題（不得超過(guò)7個(gè)詞）

Peoplekill.Animalskill.Animalsandpeoplekillfbrfood,ortheykilltheirenemies.Peopleandanimalscan

movearoundandfindsomethingtokill.Theycanrunawayfromanenemy.Theycansometimeskillitifitis

necessary.

Manykindsofanimalseatplants.Theplantscannotrunawayfromtheirenemies.Someplantsmakepoison.

Ifananimaleatspartoftheplant,itwillgetsickordie.Animalslearntostayawayfromtheseplants.Thereare

manykindsofplantsthatmakepoison.Mostofthemgrowinthedesertorinthetropics.

Todayfarmersusemanykindsofpoisonontheirfarms.Mostofthesepoisonscomefrompetroleum（石油）,

butpetroleumisexpensive.Scientistscollectpoisonousplantsandstudy（hem.Maybefarmerscanusecheap

poisonfromplantsinsteadofexpensivepoisonfrompetroleuminthenearfuture.

39.Whydoanimalsandpeoplekill?

40.Whatcanpeopleandanimalsdowhenmeetinganenemy?

41.Howwilltheanimalbeifiteatssomeofthepoisonousplant?

42.Wheredomostplantsthatmakepoisongrow?

43.Whatmayfarmersuseontheirfannersinthefuture?

2023年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專(zhuān)練

熱點(diǎn)34石油的利用及相關(guān)話(huà)題

一、閱讀理解

1

Thereisnotenoughoilintheworldnow.Aslimegoesby,itbecomeslessandless,sowhatarewegoingtodo

whenitrunsout?Perhapswewillgobacktousehorses,carriagesandbicycles.

IntheSecondWorldWar,somepeopledidn'tusegasmadefrompetroleum（石油）intheircars.Theymade

gasfromwoodandplantsinstead.Thecardidn'tgofast,buttheyran,sothiswasbetterthannothing.However,in

thefuture,wccan'tcutdownallourtreestomakegas;weneedourtreesforotherthings,too.

Besidesdifferenttypesofgas,wecanalsouseelectricity（電）torunourcars,butfirstwemustmake

electricity!Somecountrieshavecoalandtheymakeelectricitywiththat,butwemightnotalwayshavecoal,either.

Othercountrieshavebig,strongrivers,andtheycanusethepowerofwaterto（urnturbines（渦輪機(jī)）andmake

electricitymoreeasilyandcheaply.Wearcalsoabletogetpowerfromtheoceantides（海潮）.Wcputturbinesinto

（hemouthoftheriver.Thenthetidecomesin,（hewaterturns（heturbinesandthenitgoesout,it（urnsthemagain.

Whichofthesewayswillbeusedtorunourcarsinthefuture?

1.Whenmightpeoplehavetogobacktousehorsesandcarriages?

A.Whentheyarcpoor.

B.Whentheyrunoutofoil.

C.Whentheyneedmoreexercise.

D.Whentherearen'tanybigtreesintheworld.

2.WhatdidsomepeopleusetomakegasintheSecondWork!War?

A.Water.B.Coal.C.Woodandplants.D.Tides.

3.Howmanywaysaresuggestedtomakeelectricityin（hepassage?

A.2.B.5.C.4.D.3.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Thereismorepetroleumthanwccanusenow.

B.Treesareneededforsomeotherthingsbesidesmakinggas.

C.Wegotelectricityfromoceantidesintheolddays.

D.Gaswasn'tusedtoruncarsintheSecondWorldWar.

5.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.howtorunourcarsB.whattodowhenoilrunsout

C.differenttypesofgasD.thewaystomakeelectricity

【答案】I.B2.C3.D4.B5.B

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?，F(xiàn)在世界上沒(méi)有足夠的石油了，短文介紹了其它資源的利用和獲取方法。

1.湘節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Astimegoesby,itbecomeslessandless,sowhatarcwegoingtodowhenitrunsout?

Perhapswewillgobacktousehorses,carriagesandbicycles.“可知，當(dāng)石油用完了時(shí)候，人們可能會(huì)回到馬車(chē)

時(shí)代。故選B。

2.加節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Theymadegasfromwoodandplantsinstead.”可知，在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，有些人

用木材和植物制造天然氣。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Somecountrieshavecoalandtheymakeelectricitywiththat,butwemightnotalways

havecoal,either.Othercountrieshavebig,strongrivers,andtheycanusethepowerofwatertoturnturbines（渦輪

機(jī)）andmakeelectricitymoreeasilyandcheaply.Wearealsoabletogetpowerfromtheoceantides（海潮）.Wc

pulturbinesintothemouthoftheriver.Thenthetidecomesin,thewaterturnstheturbinesand（henitgoesout,it

turnsthemagain.”可推理出，文中遑到了三種發(fā)電方式，分別是coal,river和tide。故選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“However,inthefuture,wecan'tcutdownallourtreestomakegas;weneedourtrees

forotherthings,too.”可知，除了制造汽油，還需要樹(shù)木來(lái)做其他事情，B項(xiàng)是正確的。故選B,

5.主旨大意題。現(xiàn)在世界上沒(méi)有足夠的石油了，短文介紹了其它資源的利用和獲取方法，即石油用完后，

我們?cè)撛趺醋?。故選B。

2

Energyisveryimportantinmodernlife.Peopleuseenergytorunmachines,heatandcooltheirhomes,cook,

getlight,andtransportpeopleandproductsfromplacetoplace.Mostenergycomesfromfossil（化石）

fuels—petroleum,coalandnatural