2024年北京高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之5年真題和2年模擬分項(xiàng)匯編九 閱讀表達(dá) (解析版)

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序號(hào)內(nèi)容

PartIPassage1-Passage3-5年真題過(guò)關(guān)

PartIIPassage7-Passage22-2年模擬提升（北京各區(qū)模擬試題）

PartI-5年真題過(guò)關(guān)

Passage1（2023年北京）

Habitformationistheprocessbywhichbehavioursbecomeautomatic.Peopledevelopcountlesshabitsas

theyexploretheworld,whethertheyareawareofthemornot.Understandinghowhabitstakeshapemaybe

helpfulinchangingbadhabits.

Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.Apersonisthoughttodevelopahabitinthecourseof

pursuinggoalsbybeginningtoassociatecertaincues（刺激）withbehaviouralresponsesthathelpmeetthegoal.

Overtime,thoughtsofthebehaviourandultimatelythebehaviouritselfarelikelytobetriggered（觸發(fā)）bythese

cues.

A“habitloop（環(huán)）“isawayofdescribingseveralrelatedelementsthatproducehabits.Theseelementsare

calledthecue,theroutine,andthereward.Forexample,stresscouldserveasacuethatonerespondstobyeating,

whichproducesthereward-thereductionofstress.Whilearoutineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviour,il'snot

necessarilyperformedinresponsetoadeep-rootedurge,asahabitis.

Oldhabitscanbedifficulttoshake,andhealthyhabitsareoftenhardertodevelop.Butthroughrepetition,it's

possibletoformnewhabits.Theamountoftimeneededtobuildahabitwilldependonmultiplefactors,including

theindividualandtheintendedbehaviour.Whileyouarcabletopickupanewhabitinafewweeks,i:takesmany

monthstobuildahealthyhabit.Takesometimetothinkaboutwhatleadstobadhabitsandre-evaluatewhatyou

getoutofthem（ordon't）.Considerandkeepinmindwhyyouwanttomakeachange,includinghowthechange

reflectsyourvalues.

40.Howarehabitsbuilt?

41.Inwhatwayisaroutinedifferentfromahabit?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime.

43.Whatbenefit（s）haveyougotfromoneofyourgoodhabits?（Inabout40words）

［答案】40.Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.

41.Aroutineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviourwhileahabitisadeep-rootedurge.

42.Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime.Becausebuilding

ahcahhyhabittakesmanymonths.

43.IhaveagoodhabitofgoingIobedearlyandgettingupearly.Therefore,Icanstudyenergeticallyevery

morning,whichmakesmestudyefficiently.Also,Iamveryhealthy.

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。習(xí)慣的形成是行為自動(dòng)形成的過(guò)程。人們?cè)谔剿魇澜绲倪^(guò)程中養(yǎng)成了無(wú)數(shù)的習(xí)

慣，不管他們是否意識(shí)到這些習(xí)慣。文章主要說(shuō)明了習(xí)慣是如何形成的以及對(duì)人的影響。

【40題詳解】

考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“Habitsarebuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.（習(xí)慣是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)和重復(fù)建立起

來(lái)的）”可知,習(xí)慣是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)和重復(fù)建立起來(lái)的。故填Habitsarcbuiltthroughlearningandrepetition.?

41題詳解】

考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中“Whilearoutineinvolvesrepeatedbehaviour,it'snotnecessarilyperformedin

responsetoadeep-rootedurge,asahabitis.（雖然一個(gè)常規(guī)包括重復(fù)的行為，但它不一定是為了應(yīng)對(duì)深度-

根深蒂固的沖動(dòng)，就像習(xí)慣一樣廠可知，常規(guī)不同于習(xí)慣在于：常規(guī)是重復(fù)的行為，而習(xí)慣是深度-根深

蒂固的沖動(dòng)，故填A(yù)routineinvolvesrepealedbehaviourwhileahabitisadeep-rootedurge.o

【42題詳解】

考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whileyouarcabletopickupanewhabitinafewweeks,ittakesmanymonths

lobuiklaheallhyhabil.（雖然你可以在幾周內(nèi)養(yǎng)成一個(gè)新的習(xí)慣，但是要養(yǎng)成一個(gè)健康的習(xí)慣卻需要好幾個(gè)

月的時(shí)間）”可知，養(yǎng)成一個(gè)新的習(xí)慣需要好幾周，而要養(yǎng)成一個(gè)健康的習(xí)慣卻需要好幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間。所以

句子“Pickingupanewhabittakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabittakesashortertime."中“ashorter

lime”錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該為manymonths,故填Pickingupanewhabitlakesafewweek,whilebuildingahealthyhabit

takesashortertime.Becausebuildingahealthyhabittakesmanymonths.

[43題詳解】

開(kāi)放試題，言之有理即可。題干問(wèn)“你的一個(gè)好習(xí)慣給你帶來(lái)了什么好處？（大約40個(gè)字）”，答案可以是：

我有早睡早起的好習(xí)慣。因此，我可以每天早上精力充沛地學(xué)習(xí)，這使我學(xué)習(xí)效率高。而且，我很健康。

故填I(lǐng)haveagoodhabitofgoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly.Therefore,Icanstudyenergeticallyevery

morning,whichmakesmestudyefficiently.Also,Iamveryhealthy.o

Passage2（2022年北京）

Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur（創(chuàng)業(yè)者），witnessedathisownschoolthewidespread

consumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.Heknewtherehadtobeabetterportabledrinksolutionanddecidedto

innovatefromsomethinghesawinhisownhome:fruitinfused（浸泡）water.

Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstrugglefora（ake-alongoption.Fromobserving

hismumandfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptions,hecameupwithhisoriginalmodelfortheFun

Bottle.t4Iwantedtocomeupwithahealthy,naturalwayfbrpeopletodrinkwhenonthego.Abigpartofmy

missionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugarydrinks,nTomexplains.

Thebottleismadewithastrainer（濾網(wǎng)）thatallowsthegreattastesandnaturalsugarsof（hevariousfruits

andvegetablesyouchoosetocomethroughthewater,withoutanyoftheseedsorskinsflowingthrough.

TbmisproudofhisdesignandexcitedtobesellingtheFunBottleonhiswebsiteandinstores,butthis

15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovidehealthy

alternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOrganisationforaHealthier

Generation(OHG).

Tomhasbeenawardedseveralprizes,butthisteenageinnovatorremainshumble.Whenaskedwhatadvice

he,dgiveotherentrepreneurialyouth,hesays,“Prepareandhaveyourfamily'ssupport.Itisimportanttoknow

fromthebeginningthattherearealotofhighsandlows,andthereisnosuchthingasovernightsuccess/'

40.WhatdidTomwitnessathisownschool?

41.WheredidTomgettheideafortheoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpailisfalsein(liefollowingslateinenlllieiundcilinei(andexplainwhy.

TomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthy

alternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstotheOHG.

43.AmongTom'squalities,whichone(s)doyouthinkwillbeimportantforus?Why?(Inabout40words)

【釋題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述15歲的湯姆看到自己學(xué)校的學(xué)生喝含糖的飲料，隨后發(fā)明了一

種適合所有年齡的人們可以喝的無(wú)糖的健康飲料。

40.【答案】Tomwitnessedthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykidsathisownschool.

［蟀析】考杳細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句"Tom,a15-ycar-oldinventorandentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),witnessed

athisownschoolthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids."(湯姆，一個(gè)15歲的發(fā)明家和企業(yè)家，

在他自己的學(xué)校目睹了孩子們大量消費(fèi)含糖飲料)可知，作為15歲的發(fā)明家和創(chuàng)業(yè)者，湯姆在學(xué)校目睹

了孩子們廣泛消費(fèi)含糖飲料。故答案為T(mén)omwitnessedthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykidsat

hisownschool.

41.【答案】Tomgottheideafromobseninghismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstrugglefora

take-alongoption.

【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句中“Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusions”(湯姆看

著他的媽媽制作健康的水果飲料)第二句"Fromobservinghismumandfromhisdesiretogivek.dsbetter

drinkoptions,hecameupwithhisoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle.M(從觀察他的母親和他要給孩子們更好的

飲料選擇的愿望，他想出了他的原始模型的FunBoiUe)可知，湯姆在觀察母親制作水果飲料的過(guò)程中得

到啟發(fā),才有了FunBottle的原始模型。故答案為T(mén)omgottheideafromobservinghismummakehealthyfruit

infusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.

42.【答案】

［解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中“butthis15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottle

presentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovidehealthyalternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartofthe

profitstotheOrganisationfbraHealthierGeneration(OHG).^^(但是這個(gè)15歲的孩子最感到自豪的是Fun

Bottle帶給其他人的機(jī)會(huì)。它有助于對(duì)含糖飲料提供健康的替代品。而且湯姆還捐贈(zèng)了部分利潤(rùn)為一個(gè)名

為OHG的組織)可知，湯姆把自己產(chǎn)品的部分利潤(rùn)，并非全部利潤(rùn)，捐給了OHG。所以錯(cuò)誤在于"allihe

profits”,應(yīng)修改為“partoftheprofits",故答案為T(mén)omismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresents

toothersbecausehenotonlyprovideshealthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesalltheprofitstothe

OHG.TomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOHG.

43.（答案】TomismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothersbecausehenotonlyprovides

healthyalternativestosugarydrinksbutalsodonatesall【heprofitsto（heOHG.

TorndonatespartoftheprofitstotheOHG.

43.1thinkthequalityofperspicacitywillbeimportant,becausethisinsightcanhelpusconstantlyfirdourown

shortcomingsinourlives,whichinturncanhelpusimproveoursclvcs.（31）

【解析】開(kāi)放題，言之有理即可〈根據(jù)笫一段第一句“Tom,a15-year-oldinvenlorandentrepreneur（創(chuàng)業(yè)者）,

witnessedathisownschoolthewidespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids."（湯姆，一個(gè)15歲的發(fā)明家

和企業(yè)家，在他自己的學(xué)校目睹了孩子們廣泛消費(fèi)含糖飲料）第二段中“"Iwantedtocomeupwithahealthy,

naturalwayforpeopletodrinkwhenonthego.Abigpartofmymissionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugary

drinks,“Tomexplains."（“我想出一種健康、自然的方式，讓人們?cè)诼猛局泻取Ｎ业囊淮笕蝿?wù)就是讓所有年

齡段的人都不再喝含糖飲料，”湯姆解釋說(shuō)）可知，湯姆在看到學(xué)生喝含糖的飲料時(shí)，他想到要發(fā)明出一種

適合所有年齡段都能喝的不含糖的飲料，可推知，湯姆是一個(gè)很有聰穎的，有洞察力的人。這種洞察力在

我們的生活中可以幫助我們不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足，進(jìn)而幫助我們提升自己。故答案為：Ilhink（hequality"

perspicacityimisportant,becausethisinsightcanhelpusconstantlyfindourownshortcomingsinourlives,

whichinturncanhelpusimprovecurselves.（31）

Passage3（2021年北京）

Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved,theemotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantly

reducedoralmostcompletelyerased.Thus,itmaybeworthbring:ngupissueswithyourfriends,family

members,orclassmatesratherthanholdingthemback.

Thereisadifferencebetweenarguingandfighting.Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyour

concernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissuesrelated（othoseconcerns.Youcanengageinanargumentrespectfully

wiihoutstirringup（激起）anger.Fighting,however,usuallyinvolvespersonalattacks,raisingofvoices,and

stormingout.Discussingyourissuesandresolvingtheminsteadofstuffingthemdowncanimproveyour

emotionalhealth.Inastudy,2.0（X）peoplewereaskedtorecordtheirfeelingsandexperiencesforeightdaysina

row.Whenpeoplehadanargumentthattheyconsideredresolved?theyhadhalfthereactivity（情緒反應(yīng)）of

thosewhoavoidedanargument.Reactivityisanincreaseinnegativeemotionsoradecreaseinpositive

emotions.Inotherwords,resolvinganargumentcutsyournegativefeelingsbyhalf.Onedaylater,peoplewho

hadaresolvedargumentreportednoincreaseofnegativeemotionscomparedwiththosewhoavoidedan

argument.Thismeansthatresolvinganargumentcanfeellikeyouhavereachedastateofresolution------and

youarelesslikelytobeannoyed.

Moreover,theolderyouare.themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument.Thismaybe

becausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefinedpriorities.Youarcmorelikelytodistinguishbetween

whatmattersandwhatdoesnot.

Itiseasiertoavoidadiscussion,butriskingtalkingaboutitmayeventuallyleadtoabetteroutcome.

40.Accordingtothispassage,whatisarguing?

41.WhyisitthaC4theolderyouare：themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument''?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalsein（hefollowingstatement,（henunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Resolvingargumentscanimproveyouremotionalhealth,becauseitincreasesyourreactivityandreducesthe

chanceofyougettingangry.

43.Inadditiontoimprovingemotionalhealth,whatdoyouthinkaresomeotherbenefitsofresolvinganargument

（Inabout40words）

【答案】40.Arguingisdiscussingyourworries,relatedfeelingsandproblemswiththeotherparty.

41.Ilisbecausemorelifeexperiencemayhelppeoplebetteridentifyprioritiesinlife.

42.Resolvingargumentscanimproveyouremotionalhealth,becausei（increasesyourreactivityandreducesthe

chanceofyougettingangry.Resolvingargumentshelpstodecreaseyourreactivity.

43.Resolvingargumentscanalsoimprovepeople'slogicalthinkingandresilience,andimprovetheirrelationship

witheachother.（參考答案）

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。最近的研究表明，如果爭(zhēng)吵得到解決，與之相關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng)會(huì)顯著減少或幾乎

完全消除。因此，向你的朋友、家人或同學(xué)提出問(wèn)題可能是值得的，而不是阻止他們。

40.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyourconcernsanddiscuss

thefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconcerns.（爭(zhēng)論是你和你的對(duì)手提出你的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，并討論與這些擔(dān)憂(yōu)

相關(guān)的感受和問(wèn)題。）可知，爭(zhēng)論是提出你的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，并討論與這些擔(dān)憂(yōu)相關(guān)的感受和問(wèn)題。故答案為Arguing

isdiscussingyourworries,relatedfeelingsandproblemswith（heotherparty.

41.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Moreover,theolderyouare,themorelikelyyouwillcometoa

resolutionafteranargument.Thismaybebecausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefined

priorities.Youaremorelikelytodistinguishbetweenwhatmattersandwhatdoesnot."（而且,年紀(jì)越大，越

有可能在爭(zhēng)吵后找到解決辦法。這可能是因?yàn)楦嗟纳罱?jīng)歷通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致更明確的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。你更有可能

區(qū)分什么是重要的，什么是不重要的。）可知，更多的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以幫助人們更好地確定生活中的優(yōu)先事

項(xiàng),故答案填I(lǐng)tisbecausemorelifeexperiencemayhelppeoplebetteridentifyprioritiesinlife.

42.【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved,the

emotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantlyreducedoralmostcompletelyerased.n（如果爭(zhēng)吵得到解決，與之

相關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng)會(huì)顯著減少或幾乎）可知，解決爭(zhēng)吵可以改善你的情緒健康，因?yàn)樗黾幽愕姆磻?yīng)，減少

你生氣的機(jī)會(huì)。解決爭(zhēng)論有助于降低你的反應(yīng)性，而不是增加你的反應(yīng)力。故答案為Resolvingargumentscan

improveyouremotionalhealth,becauseitincreasesyourreactivityandreducesthechanceofyougetting

angry.Resolvingargumentshelpstodecreaseyourreactivity.

43.【解析】考查開(kāi)放思維。解決爭(zhēng)吵也可以提高人們的邏輯思維能力和應(yīng)變能力，使得相互之間的關(guān)系

得到升華。故可能答案版本一為Resolvingargumentscanalsoimprovepeople'slogicalthinkingandresilience,

andimprovetheirrelationshipwitheachother.

PartII模擬提升（北京各區(qū)模擬試題）

（2023?北京?北京交通大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)?？既＃╅喿x下面短文，根據(jù)題后要求回答問(wèn)題。

Fashion'sMeltDown

Throwawaycultureistrashingtheplanet—butoneyoungchemicalengineerhasherownwaytoturnitover.

Fastfashionhaschangedthewaywedress.Webuymoreclothes,moreoften-butwewearthemless.Alina

Bassi,founderofKleiderly,wantstogiveourclothingwasteanotherchanceatausefullife.

Bassihasalwayscaredaboutthethreatofclimatechange,butsheactuallystartedhercareerintheoil

incustry.Afterafewyears,shelandedatbio-bean,astartupthatturnedwastecoffeegroundsintoproductsthat

couldbeburntforhealandfuel.Afterayear,Bassiwaskeentobranchout—usedcoffeegroundsarenotthe

biggestthreatfacingtheplanet.Instead,shepouredhereffortsintotacklingamuchbiggerglobalpolluter:the

fasliionindustry.

AccordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation,weproduce100billionitemsofclothingperyear,andthisis

settodoubleby2050.Buttheydon'tlastlongenoughto。抵et(抵消)thecarboncostofproducingthematerial,

creatingtheclothes,andthenshippingthemtocustomers.Ttmakesnosensethatwehavesuchahighcarbon

footprintforsomethingsoshort-lived.''Bassisays.

Usingtheprinciplesofacirculareconomy,Bassihasdevelopedalow-energy,multi-stageprocesstotum

clothingfibresintoanalternativetooil-basedplastic.Thisnewplasticcanthenbeusedbymanufacturersintheir

existingmachines,sothatyouroldT-shirtsandjeanswillbecomedifferentproductsinsteadofclcthes,suchas

clothinghangers,orevenfurniture.

Fashioncompanieshavesomeotherwaystoreducefashionwaste,fromcreatingclothesdesignedtolast,to

recyclingthefabrictomakemoreclothing.But4iaproblemthisbigneedsmultiplesolutions,Bassisays."We

thinkaboutthemultiplelivesofaproductandhowwecankeepreusingitinsteadoflettingitfallintolandfillsor

incinerators(焚化爐)Jshesays.

1.WhydidBassiswitchherfocustothefashionindustry?

2.Howdidshetackletheproblemscausedbythefashionindustry?

3.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,(henunderlineitandexplainwhy.

?Kleiderlycanchangeoldjacketsandtrousersintoanewmaterial,whichcanbeusedtomakemore

clothing.

4.Pleasebrieflypresentyourownsolu(ion(s)tothethrowawayproblemindailylife,(about40words)

【答案】1.Becauseit'samuchbiggerglobalpolluter.2.Usingtheprinciplesofacirculareconomy,Bassi

developedalow-energy,muhi-stageprocessto(urnclothingfibresintoanalternativetooil-basedplastic.

Bassiusedtheprinciplesofacirculareconomyanddevelopedalow-energy,multi-stageprocesstoturnclothing

fibresintoanalternativetooil-basedplastic.3.Kleiderlycanchangeoldjacketsandtrousersintoanew

material,whichcanbeusedtomakemoreclothing.

Accordingtothepassage,thenewmaterialcanbeusedtomakedifferentproducts.4.Ithinkaneffective

solutionistoreducetheuseofdisposableitems,suchasusingreusablewaterbottles,purchasingreusable

shoppingbags,andreducingtheuseofsingle-useitemslikeplasticbagsandstraws.

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。講述「一次性文化正在破壞這個(gè)星球，但一位年輕的化學(xué)工程師Bassi有她自

己的方法來(lái)扭轉(zhuǎn)這一局面。

1.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation,weproduce100billionitemsof

clothingperyear,andthisissettodoubleby2050.Buttheydon'tlastlongenoughtoofifcet（抵消）thecarboncost

ofproducingthematerial,creatingtheclothes,andthenshippingthemtocustomers.4iItmakesnosensethatwe

havesuchahighcarbonfootprintforsomethingsoshort-lived."Bassisays.（根據(jù)艾倫?麥克阿瑟基金會(huì)的數(shù)據(jù),

我們每年生產(chǎn)1000億件衣服，到2050年，這一數(shù)字將翻一番。但它們持續(xù)的時(shí)間不夠長(zhǎng)，不足以抵消生

產(chǎn)材料、制作衣服、然后運(yùn)送給客戶(hù)的碳成本?！叭绱硕虝旱氖挛锂a(chǎn)生如此高的碳足跡是沒(méi)有道理的?！癇assi

說(shuō),）”可知，Bassi把她的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了時(shí)尚行業(yè)是因?yàn)?，衣服己成為更大的全球污染源。故回答：Because

it'samuchbiggerglobalpolluter.

2.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段“Usingtheprinciplesofacirculareconomy,Bassihasdevelopedaow-energy,

multi-stageprocesstoturnclothingfibresintoanalternativetooil-basedplastic.Thisnewplasticcanthenbeused

bymanufacturersiniheirexistingmachines,sothatyouroldT-shirlsandjeanswillbecomedifferentproducts

insteadofclothes,suchasclothinghangers,orevenfurniture.（Bassi利用循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的原則，開(kāi)發(fā)了一種低能耗、

多階段的工藝，將服裝纖維轉(zhuǎn)化為油基塑料的替代品。這種新塑料可以在制造商現(xiàn)有的機(jī)器中使用，這樣

你的舊t恤和牛仔褲就會(huì)變成不同的產(chǎn)品，而不是衣服，比如衣架，甚至家具）”可知，Bassi利用循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)

的原則，開(kāi)發(fā)了一種低能耗、多階段的工藝，將服裝纖維轉(zhuǎn)化為油基塑料的替代品。故回答：Usingthe

principlesofacirculareconomy,Bassidevelopedalow-energy,multi-stageprocesstoturnclothingfibresintoan

alternativetooil-basedplastic.

3.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段“Thisnewplasticcanthenbeusedbymanufacturersintheirexistingmachines,so

thatyouroldT-shirtsandjeanswillbecomedifferentproductsinsteadofclothes,suchasclothinghangers,or

evenfurniture.（這種新塑料可以在制造商現(xiàn)有的機(jī)器中使用，這樣你的IHt恤和牛仔褲就會(huì)變成不同的產(chǎn)品，

而不是衣服，比如衣架，甚至家具）“可知，"Kleiderlycanchangeoldjacketsandtrousersinloanewmaterial,

whichcanbeusedtomakemoreclothing.”這句中，“moreclothing”表述錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)文中內(nèi)容可知，你的

舊［恤和牛仔褲就會(huì)變成不同的產(chǎn)品，而不是更多衣服。故回答：Accordingtothepassage,thenewmaterial

canbeusedtomakedifferentproducts.

4.開(kāi)放性試題。我認(rèn)為一個(gè)有效的方法是減少使用一次性用品，例如使用可重復(fù)使用的水瓶，購(gòu)買(mǎi)可重

復(fù)使用的購(gòu)物袋，并減少使用塑料袋和吸管等一次性物品。故回答：Ithinkaneffectivesolutionistoreducethe

useofdisposableitems,suchasusingreusablewaterbottles,purchasingreusableshoppingbags,andreducingthe

useofsingle-useitemslikeplasticbagsandstraws.

（2023?北京?人大附中?？既＃╅喿x下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問(wèn)題。

“Ican't,,mightactuallymean"Idon'twantto,“"I'mafraid,“Tmconfused,oreven"Idon'tknowhow.”

Andafterparsingouthiddenmeaningsforthehundredthtime,Icanunderstandwhymychildhoodgymnastics

coachhadputagym-widebanonthephrase.

Anyonewhousedit,eventheothercoaches,hadtodo50push-upsbeforetryingconversationagain.It

wasn'tthathewantedpeopletodothingsbeyondtheirskillorsafetylevel.Thepolicywasagainstthewords

themselves.Hefelttheywereashieldlohidebehindinsteadofadmittingmoreusefulandactionablehesitations.

'Tmafraid.^^'Tveneverdoneitbymyself."“1needtorestafewminutesbeforeitry.”"I'membarrassedtotryin

frontofotherpeople.M"Idon'twantto,because...

Academicexperiencescanfollowthesamepattern.Answeringunexpectedquestionsortryinganew

protocolinfrontofanaudiencecanbecrippling.Homeworkproblemscancompoundandseemtogetworsewith

eachtryinsteadofbetter.Weenduputtering"Ican't,"becausesoir.etimesit'seasierthan“Iamsofrustratedand

exhaustedthatIwanttocry,““ThismakesmefeelsodumbJoreven“Ineedhelp.”

Asanasthmatic,mymostvividmemoriescomefromtheannualhazingritualknownasthegym-classmile

run.Forme,UIcan't"actuallymeant“Pmafraidofhavinganasthmaattackinfrontofallofmyclassmates,and

"It'ssoembanassingtorunandbelapsbehindmypeers;Iwouldrathershieldmyegofiointhehitby

intentionallywalkingthewholething,sopleaseleavemealonc.^^Myheartstillstartstoracejustthinkingofthe

numberoftimesmyself-preserving.can't"wasmetwithadismissive“Ofcourse,youcan.”

Butlettingourselvesfallbackonthe"Ican't"candomoredamagethanjusthidingourdeeperfeelings.

Eventuallywe,andthepeoplearoundus,starttobelieveit.Iknow(herearethingsIhavestoppedtryingbecause,

well,Ijustcan't.Sowhytry?ThenumberoflapsIhaveavoidedwi:hwell-timedbathroombreaksisstaggering.1

can'tgobackandtellmychildhoodselfthatthemilerunwasn'tworththeanticipatoryanxiety.ButIcan

renemberhowbadlyIwishedevenoneclassmatehadacknowledgedthatIhadbarelymissedtheschoolrecordin

sit-and-reachinsteadofteasingmeaboutlapsthenextday.Icanrememberthat"Ican't"cansooftenmean

somethingelse.AndIcantakethetimetotrytoasktherightquestions,sothatIcansaysomethingmoreusefulin

responsethan“Ofcourseyoucan.^^

5.Whatwerepeoplesupposedtodoiftheysaid"Ican't"inmychildhoodgymnastics?

6.Whatdocs"Ican't"actuallymeanwhenIsaidthatinthegym-classmilerun?

7.Pleasedecidewhichpanisfalsein(hefollowingstaiemem,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

TherearethingsIhavestoppedtryingbecauseofthetactthatIamnotabletodothat.

8.Describeoneofyourexperiencesofdealingwith"Ican't”.(Inabout40words)

【答案】5.50push-ups6.‘Tmafraidofhavinganasthmaattackinfrontofallofmyclassmates,Mand"It's

soembarrassingtorunandbelapsbehindmypeers;Iwouldrathershieldmyegofromthehi(byintentionally

walkingthewholething,sopleaseleavemealone?,7.TherearethingsIhavestoppedtryingbecauseof

thefactthatIamnotabletodothat.

Accordingtothepassage,therearethingsIhavestoppedtryingbecauseIstartedtobelieveIcan'tafterletting

ourselvesfallbackonthe"IcanT'.8.Irememberstrugglingwithadifficultmathproblemandfeeling

overwhelmed.Iwantedtogiveup,butinsteadofsaying"Ican't,"ItoldmyteacherthatIwasfeelingfrustrated

andneededhelp.Shewasunderstandingandwalkedmethroughtheproblem,helpingmetounderstanditbetter.

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。有E寸候，當(dāng)人們說(shuō)“我不能”時(shí)，他們并不是說(shuō)他們沒(méi)有能力做某事，而是他

們害怕、困惑或不知道如何做。作者提醒人們，說(shuō)“我不能“比承認(rèn)自己需要幫助、害怕或沮喪要容易得多。

說(shuō)“我不能”的時(shí)候，其實(shí)我們想說(shuō)的是別的，所以我們應(yīng)該試著使用更有幫助的詞語(yǔ)，這樣我們才能得到

我們需要的幫助。

5.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第段二中“Anyonewhousedit,eventheothercoaches,hadtodo50push-upsbefore

tryingconversationagain.（任何使用它的人，即使是其他教練，在嘗試再次交談之前都必須做50個(gè)俯臥撐）”

可知，在我小時(shí)候的體操訓(xùn)練中，如果有人說(shuō)‘'我不能"，他會(huì)被罰做50個(gè)俯臥撐。故答案為5。push-ups。

6.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中“Forme,“Ican,f,actuallymeant"I'mafraidofhavinganasthmaattackinfront

ofallofmyclassmates,"and"It'ssoembarrassingtorunandbelapsbehindmypeers;Iwouldrathershieldmy

egofromthehitbyintentionallywalkingthewholething,sopleaseleavemealone."（對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，“我不能”實(shí)際上

意味著“我害怕在全班同學(xué)面前哮喘病發(fā)作''和"跑步時(shí)落后同學(xué)幾圈真是太尷尬了：我寧愿故意走完全程來(lái)

保護(hù)我的自尊心，所以請(qǐng)不要打擾我。可知，我在體育課上說(shuō)“我不能''的意思是：“我害怕在全班同學(xué)

面前哮喘病發(fā)作”和“跑步時(shí)落后同學(xué)幾圈真是太尷尬了；我寧愿故意走完全程來(lái)保護(hù)我的自尊心，所以請(qǐng)

不要打擾我。"故答案為'Tmafraidofhavinganasthmaattackinfrontofallofmyclassmates,and<4It*sso

embarrassingtorunandbelapsbehindmypeers;Iwouldrathershieldmyegofrom（hehitbyintentionally

walkingthewholething,sopleaseleavemealone.^^

7.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butlettingourselvesfallbackonthe"Ican'f'candomoredamagethanjust

hidingourdeeperfeelings.Eventuallywe,andthepeoplearoundns,starttobelieveit.IknowtherearethingsI

havestoppedtryingbecause,well,Ijustcan't.（但是，讓我們求助于"我不能''比隱藏我們更深層次的感受會(huì)造

成更大的傷害。最終，我們和我們周?chē)娜碎_(kāi)始相信這一點(diǎn)。我知道有些事情我已經(jīng)不再?lài)L試了，因?yàn)椋?/p>

嗯，我就是不能。戶(hù)可知，作者停止嘗試是因?yàn)樽约合嘈拧拔也荒堋?，而不是真正“沒(méi)有能力去做”。所以句

中"thefactthatIamnotabletodothat.”表述錯(cuò)誤。故答案為T(mén)herearethingsIhavestoppedtryingbecause

ofthefactthatlamnotabletodothat.Accordingtothepassage,therearethingsIhavestoppedtryingbecause

IstartedtobelieveIcan'tafterlettingourselvesfallbackonthe"Ican't”.

8.開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題e言之有理,注意詞數(shù)限制即可。故答案為Irememberstrugglingwithadifficultmathproblem

andfeelingoverwhelmed.Iwantedtogiveup,butinsteadofsaying"Ican't,"Itoldmyteacherthat1wasfeeling

frustratedandneededhelp.Shewasunderstandingandwalkedmethroughtheproblem,helpingmetounderstand

itbetter.

（2023?北京?清華附中校考三模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作

答，

Foryears,psychologistshaveknownhowtomeasuretheintelligenceofindividuals,butonlyrecentlyhave

theybeguntoinvestigatetheissueofgroupintelligence.Thisnotionstemsfromtheobservationthatsomegroups

seemtoworkfantasticallyacrosstasks,eventasksthatareno（verysimilar.Earlyinvestigationssuggest（hat

groupintelligenceisnotthesumoftheintelligenceoftheindividualsinit.Sowhatisthesecrettotheirsuccess?

ResearchersatGooglehavetackledthisquestion.Theycollectedthousandsofdatapointsonhundredsof

groupsandcombedthroughthemtryingtofindpatterns.Arctheircmbcrsofeffectivegroupsfriendsoutsideof

work?Dogroupswhosemembershavesimilarpersonalitiesorbackgroundsworktogetherbest?Theyput

forwardmanytheoriesbutfoundnopatterstosupportthem.

Infact,whowasinthegroupapparentlydidnotseemtomakeadifference;instead,（hedifferencebetween

moreandlesseffectivegroupsseemedtolieintheinteractionamongthemembers.Ineffectivegroups,members

spokeforaroughlyequalamountcftime—notateverymeetingorinteraction,butacrossthecourseofaproject.

Additionally,ineffectivegroups,membersfaceoneanotherdirectlywhentheyspeak,usi