以色列首都特拉維夫成全球生活成本最高城市

名師精講外刊以色列首都特拉維夫成全球生活成本最高城市Thisisnowtheworld'smostexpensivecitytolivein,studysays名師精講外刊生活成本是城市居民最關(guān)注的問題之一。在中國，生活成本最高的城市是香港，其次則是北上廣深四個一線城市，但如果在世界范圍內(nèi)衡量，據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫的數(shù)據(jù)，以色列的特拉維夫則首次成為了全球生活成本最高的城市。特拉維夫因食品和運(yùn)輸價(jià)格上漲，以及以色列貨幣謝克爾對美元匯率飆升，生活成本從去年的全球第五躍升至今年第一。下面讓我們精讀今天的文章，全面了解經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫的這次研究課前問題1.特拉維夫生活成本升高的最主要的原因是什么？2.文中出現(xiàn)了許多表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的詞匯，分別都有哪些？導(dǎo)讀名師精講外刊Thisisnowtheworld'smostexpensivecitytolivein,studysays名師精講外刊TelAviv,Israel,isnowthemostexpensivecityintheworldtolivein,accordingtoabiannualreportbytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit.【基礎(chǔ)解析】biannualadj.一年兩度的【釋】happeningtwiceayear【例】Youwillneedtohavearoutinebiannualexamination.你需要做一年兩次的常規(guī)檢查。精講試聽結(jié)束TheIsraelicitytoppedtheEIU'sDecember2021worldwidecostoflivingindexforthefirsttimeever,climbingupfromfifthplacelastyear.TheEIUsaidthatTelAvivroseuptherankingsmainlybecausetheIsraelicurrency,theshekel,hadsoared,"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout."【長難句分析】TheEIUsaid(主句)thatTelAvivroseuptherankings(賓語從句)mainlybecause(引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)theIsraelicurrency(原因狀語從句主語),theshekel(原因狀語從句主語的同位語),hadsoared(原因狀語從句謂語),"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout(過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，表原因).”精講試聽結(jié)束TheIsraelicitytoppedtheEIU'sDecember2021worldwidecostoflivingindexforthefirsttimeever,climbingupfromfifthplacelastyear.TheEIUsaidthatTelAvivroseuptherankingsmainlybecausetheIsraelicurrency,theshekel,hadsoared,"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout."【基礎(chǔ)解析】indexn.1)索引【例】Lookitupintheindex.在索引中查找。2)（物價(jià)和工資等的）指數(shù)【例】TheDowJonesindexfell15pointsthismorning.道瓊斯指數(shù)今天上午下跌了15點(diǎn)。3)標(biāo)志；指標(biāo)；表征；量度【例】Thenumberofnewhousesbeingbuiltisagoodindexofacountry'sprosperity.新建房屋的數(shù)目是國家繁榮的一個有用指標(biāo)。4)指數(shù)v.為……編索引；將……編入索引【例】Allpublicationsareindexedbysubjectandtitle.所有出版物都按學(xué)科和名稱編索引。精講試聽結(jié)束TheIsraelicitytoppedtheEIU'sDecember2021worldwidecostoflivingindexforthefirsttimeever,climbingupfromfifthplacelastyear.TheEIUsaidthatTelAvivroseuptherankingsmainlybecausetheIsraelicurrency,theshekel,hadsoared,"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout."【基礎(chǔ)解析】rankingn.地位，排名，排位（尤指在體育運(yùn)動中）【例】Hehasimprovedhisrankingthisseasonfrom67thto30th.本賽季他將自己的排名從第67位提高到了第30位。adj.1)地位高的；高級的；最高級的【例】arankingdiplomat高級外交官2)（incompounds構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞）……級別的；……等級的【例】high-ranking/low-rankingpoliceofficers高/低級別的警官精講試聽結(jié)束TheIsraelicitytoppedtheEIU'sDecember2021worldwidecostoflivingindexforthefirsttimeever,climbingupfromfifthplacelastyear.TheEIUsaidthatTelAvivroseuptherankingsmainlybecausetheIsraelicurrency,theshekel,hadsoared,"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout."【基礎(chǔ)解析】buoyv.1)鼓舞；鼓勵【釋】tomakesbfeelcheerfulorconfident【例】Buoyedbytheirwinyesterdaytheteamfeelconfidentoffurthersuccess.在昨天勝利的鼓舞下，該隊(duì)有信心再次獲勝。2)使上??；使維持于較高水平【釋】tokeeppricesatahighoracceptableleveln.浮標(biāo)；航標(biāo)【例】Wetriedtothrowalifebuoy.Shecouldnotgrabit.我們試著扔救生圈給她，但是她抓不住。精講試聽結(jié)束TheIsraelicitytoppedtheEIU'sDecember2021worldwidecostoflivingindexforthefirsttimeever,climbingupfromfifthplacelastyear.TheEIUsaidthatTelAvivroseuptherankingsmainlybecausetheIsraelicurrency,theshekel,hadsoared,"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout."【基礎(chǔ)解析】rolloutn.首次展示，試運(yùn)行【釋】Arolloutisananalysistechniqueforbackgammonpositionsandmoves.Arolloutconsistsinplayingthesamepositionmanytimes(withdifferentdicerolls)andrecordingtheresults.【例】Wehavefullyconductedfieldtestsbeforetherolloutofsmartphones.我們在推廣這些智能手機(jī)前進(jìn)行過完備的現(xiàn)場測試。精講試聽結(jié)束TheIsraelicitytoppedtheEIU'sDecember2021worldwidecostoflivingindexforthefirsttimeever,climbingupfromfifthplacelastyear.TheEIUsaidthatTelAvivroseuptherankingsmainlybecausetheIsraelicurrency,theshekel,hadsoared,"buoyedagainstthedollarbyIsrael'ssuccessfulCovid-19vaccinerollout."【基礎(chǔ)解析】riseupv.1)上升，起身【釋】goup【例】TheonlythingIwantedwastoriseupfromthetableandleavethishouse.我唯一想做的是從餐桌旁站起身來，離開這所房子。2)起義；叛變【釋】havingtheparticularrankmentionedIsraelhadoneofthefastestCovid-19vaccinationprogramsintheworld.Accordingtothedata,62%ofIsrael'spopulationwerefully-vaccinatedasofMonday.InearlyNovember,theIsraelishekelwasup4%againsttheU.S.dollaryear-to-date,accordingtoReuters,buthassincetrimmedthosegains.【基礎(chǔ)解析】year-to-date年初至今【釋】Sofaronhigh【例】Year-to-date,salesaredownbyabout14percentat492millionunits.今年截至到目前為止，專輯的總銷售量比去年下跌了約14%，為49.2萬張。IsraelhadoneofthefastestCovid-19vaccinationprogramsintheworld.Accordingtothedata,62%ofIsrael'spopulationwerefully-vaccinatedasofMonday.InearlyNovember,theIsraelishekelwasup4%againsttheU.S.dollaryear-to-date,accordingtoReuters,buthassincetrimmedthosegains.【基礎(chǔ)解析】trimv.1)修剪；修整【例】Thetrainingbudgethadbeentrimmedby￡10,000.培訓(xùn)預(yù)算削減了1萬英鎊。2)切去，割掉，剪下，除去【例】Trimanyexcessfatoffthemeat.把多余的肥膘從肉上切掉。3)裝飾，修飾，點(diǎn)綴【例】glovestrimmedwithfur毛皮鑲邊的手套IsraelhadoneofthefastestCovid-19vaccinationprogramsintheworld.Accordingtothedata,62%ofIsrael'spopulationwerefully-vaccinatedasofMonday.InearlyNovember,theIsraelishekelwasup4%againsttheU.S.dollaryear-to-date,accordingtoReuters,buthassincetrimmedthosegains.【基礎(chǔ)解析】trimn.1)（尤指毛發(fā)的）修剪【例】Thehedgeneedsatrim.這樹籬得修剪了。2)飾物，邊飾，裝飾配件【例】Thecarisavailablewithblackorredtrim.這款汽車的座椅有黑紅兩種顏色。adj.1)苗條的；修長的；健康優(yōu)雅的【例】Shehaskeptverytrim.她的身材保持得很苗條。2)整齊的；精心照管的；井然有序的【例】atrimgarden精心管理的花園AroundatenthofgoodsroseincostinTelAviv,intheEIU'slatestresearch,whichlookedatthepricesofover200productsandservicesin173cities.Morebroadly,theEIUsaidthattheinflationrateofthepricesittrackedhadrisenby3.5%year-on-yearinlocalcurrencytermstoSeptember2021,upfromjust1.9%in2020.Itsaidthisrepresentedthefastestpaceofinflationinitsindexoverthepastfiveyears.【基礎(chǔ)解析】broadlyadv.1)大體上；基本上；不考慮細(xì)節(jié)地【釋】generally,withoutconsideringdetails【例】Broadlyspeaking,Iagreewithyou.我大體上贊同你的意見。2)咧開嘴（笑）的；開心（笑）的【釋】Ifyousmilebroadly,yousmilewithyourmouthstretchedverywidebecauseyouareverypleasedoramused.【例】Charlesgrinnedbroadly.查爾斯咧大嘴笑。AroundatenthofgoodsroseincostinTelAviv,intheEIU'slatestresearch,whichlookedatthepricesofover200productsandservicesin173cities.Morebroadly,theEIUsaidthattheinflationrateofthepricesittrackedhadrisenby3.5%year-on-yearinlocalcurrencytermstoSeptember2021,upfromjust1.9%in2020.Itsaidthisrepresentedthefastestpaceofinflationinitsindexoverthepastfiveyears.【基礎(chǔ)解析】year-on-yearadj.與上年同期數(shù)字相比的【釋】comparedwiththelastyear'snumbers【例】Among39industrialdivisions,38ofthemregisteredyear-on-yeargrowth.分行業(yè)看，39個大類行業(yè)中38個行業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)同比增長。AroundatenthofgoodsroseincostinTelAviv,intheEIU'slatestresearch,whichlookedatthepricesofover200productsandservicesin173cities.Morebroadly,theEIUsaidthattheinflationrateofthepricesittrackedhadrisenby3.5%year-on-yearinlocalcurrencytermstoSeptember2021,upfromjust1.9%in2020.Itsaidthisrepresentedthefastestpaceofinflationinitsindexoverthepastfiveyears.【基礎(chǔ)解析】intermsof依據(jù)；按照；在……方面；以……措詞【釋】inaccordance,inthelightof,by,inthefieldof【例】Whatdoesthismeanintermsofcost?這在成本上意味著什么？Supplychainissues,fluctuationsincurrencyexchangeratesandchangesinconsumerdemandledtothisriseinpricesforcommoditiesandothergoods,theEIUsaid.Transportsawthebiggestriseincost,withthepriceofgasolineperliterupby21%onaveragein2021,accordingtotheresearch.【基礎(chǔ)解析】fluctuationn.波動，起伏【釋】awavemotion;thequalityofbeingunsteadyandsubjecttochanges【例】Theerraticfluctuation