新高考英語｜語法專項之括號法突破長難句 講解課件-2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項

語法專項之括號法突破長難句①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.IamLiHua._____________________Iloveyou._____________________Icome._____________________Igaveyouanapple._____________________Youmakemehappy._____________________主系表主謂賓主謂主謂間賓直賓主謂賓賓補五大基本句型①IamLiHua.②IamLiHuafromGuangzhouNo.1MiddleSchool.③Iloveyou.④Iloveyouwithallmyheart.⑤AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.我是來自廣州市第一中學(xué)的李華我全心全意地愛著你1、多了介詞結(jié)構(gòu)2、語序與中文不再一一對應(yīng)主要的修飾成分“三長兩短一并列”“三長：介詞結(jié)構(gòu)、從句、非謂語兩短：形容詞、副詞(一般不影響理解，略。如果太多影響理解，就刪除）一并列：并列結(jié)構(gòu)【定義】從介詞開始到名詞（動名詞、名詞性從句）結(jié)束、表達一個獨立的完整的含義的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：athome、intheschool、inthebeautifulpark、duringmyhappychildhood、overthelastfewyears、forthreeweeks.AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.(1)介詞短語（括號標(biāo)記）(Afterchatting)(withLaura)(onthismatter)(fortwohours)(from2:00to4:00)(intheafternoon),Ireturned(tomyoffice).①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(1)括號標(biāo)記出所有的介詞短語①(Overthepastdecade),staying(insomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoal(ofthisbook)istomakethecase(fordigitalminimalism)(includingadetailedexplorationof

whatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’sright(foryou).Todoso,Idividedthebook(intotwoparts).③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),starting(withanexamination)(oftheforces)thataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy).【定義】引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的主謂（賓、賓補）結(jié)構(gòu)【起止標(biāo)識】標(biāo)記從句時，一定從引導(dǎo)詞開始，到以下四種終止。①

到___________終止，如：LiHuaisateacherwhoteachesEnglish.②

到___________終止，如：WhenIwasyoung,Ilistenedtotheradio.③

到________________終止，如：IwillinviteYaoMingwhowasatopbasketballplayertoBeijing.④到__________________終止，如YaoMingwhowasatopbasketballplayerisstudyinginShanghai.(2)從句（括號標(biāo)記）句尾逗號下一修飾成分下一謂語動詞①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡主義),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(2)括號標(biāo)記出所有的從句①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)whenplanningtovisitacity.

②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡主義),includingadetailedexplorationof(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)

foryou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforces(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(2)括號標(biāo)記出所有的從句【定義】由非謂語動詞開頭的、表示一個獨立、完整的含義的結(jié)構(gòu)叫做非謂語動詞短語。形式：todo,doing和done。非謂語動詞不能獨立作謂語，而是充當(dāng)句子的其他成分?！酒鹬箻?biāo)識】標(biāo)記非謂語動詞短語時，從todo,doing或done開頭，到以下四種情況終止。①到_________終止，如：LiHuaisateacherteachingEnglish.②到____________終止，如：ToimprovemyEnglish,IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.③到___________________終止，如：Jackwalkedintothehall,wavingtotheaudience.④到___________________終止，如：We,singingahappysong,rodetoschool.(3)非謂語動詞短語（括號標(biāo)記）句尾逗號下一修飾成分下一謂語動詞①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(3)括號標(biāo)記出所有的非謂語動詞短語①Overthepastdecade,(stayinginsomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhen(planning)(tovisitacity).②Thegoalofthisbookis(tomakethecase)fordigitalminimalism,(includingadetailedexploration)ofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué)))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.(Todoso),Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,(starting)withanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(3)括號標(biāo)記出所有的非謂語動詞短語

【定義】平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)是指由并列詞and,or,but,aswell等將兩個或兩個以上含義相似、結(jié)構(gòu)相同的并列項連接起來構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)?！緲?biāo)記方法】給平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)做標(biāo)記的要求是：給并列詞加方框，給并列項加下劃線。標(biāo)記時要先找到并列詞，然后再找并列項。在標(biāo)注形如A

and

B的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)時，應(yīng)先找B

(即右并列項)后找A

(即左并列項)。平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)

標(biāo)注出常見的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)①名詞并列：Iliketheboxplacedonthedeskandtheflowersinyourhand.②形容詞并列：Mr.Smithisakind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher.③副詞并列：Youaresupposedtoanswerthefollowingquestionsquicklyandaccurately.④謂語動詞并列：WiththeInternet,peoplecannotonlyplaycomputergamesbutalsodoonlineshopping.⑤介詞短語并列：Andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeopleshallnotperishfromtheearth.⑥從句并列：I’vefinishedreadingthebook(whichiswrittenbyMoYan)and(whichyoulentmelastmonth).⑦非謂語動詞并列：Singingandlaughing,weheadedtothepark.⑧整句并列：Thechildrencangowithusortheycanstayathome.①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(4)方框、下劃線標(biāo)記出所有的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡主義),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(4)方框、下劃線標(biāo)記出所有的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)把學(xué)案卷開頭的幾個句子全部做好標(biāo)注①（_____________________________）(Overthepastdecade),(staying)(insomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)when(planning)(tovisitacity.)②（____________________）Thegoal(ofthisbook)is(tomakethecase)(fordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡主義)),(includingadetailedexploration)of(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué)))(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)(foryou.)Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),(starting)(withanexamination)(oftheforces)(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.)Toargue長難句小節(jié)翻譯：(Overthepastdecade),(staying)(insomebodyelse’shome),

orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)when(planning)（tovisitacity.)過去的十年住在別人家里或第二個家短期休息已經(jīng)成為第一選擇我（和我的伙伴，以及我媽媽，和她的伙伴）做的當(dāng)計劃拜訪一個城市/去一個城市旅游在過去的十年里，短期住在別人家或第二家已經(jīng)成為我(和我的朋友們、我媽媽和她的朋友們)計劃游覽一個城市時的首選。Thegoal(ofthisbook)is(tomakethecase)(fordigitalminimalism)(includingadetailedexploration)of(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),

andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy)(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)(foryou.)目標(biāo)這本書的辯護/提供理由為數(shù)字極簡主義包含一個詳細的探索它要求什么和它為什么起作用和然后教你怎樣采取這種哲學(xué)如果你決定它是對的對你這本書的是目標(biāo)（一）是為數(shù)字極簡主義提供理由，（書里）包含了一個關(guān)于極簡主義要求什么以及它為什么有效果的詳細探索，以及（目標(biāo)二是）教會你怎么采取這種哲學(xué)，如果你覺得數(shù)字極簡主義對你有用。進行小節(jié)翻譯時，注意追問，以及大的結(jié)構(gòu)Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),(starting)(withanexamination)(oftheforces)(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.)第一部分我描述哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)字極簡主義的開始以一個檢查，測試力量的那使得那么多人的數(shù)字生活越來越難以忍受在繼續(xù)之前一個詳細的數(shù)字極簡主義哲學(xué)的討論為了達到這樣的效果，我把書分成兩個部分。在第一部分中，我描述了數(shù)字極簡主義的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，先檢查了使許多人的數(shù)字生活越來越難以忍受的力量，然后再繼續(xù)詳細討論數(shù)字極簡主義哲學(xué)。自己做題時，不必翻譯到信達雅，能理解即可，注意before的靈活翻譯(2012年江蘇卷)TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimedatdevelopingmorefarmersandatincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.(2012年山東卷)Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhenyoucomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo.(2014新課標(biāo)1)Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdsintheworld.(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Thecompanyislaunchinganewstyleofhomefordementia(癡呆)patientsthroughBoKlok,ajointenterprisewithaconstructioncompanythatmakessustainableandaffordablehousing.(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Designadjustmentsincludetakingmirrorsanddark-coloredflooroutofbathroomsandfittingkitchenapplianceswithold-fashionedknobs,ratherthandigitalcontrols.Practicemakesperfect(2012年江蘇卷)TheDepartment(ofAgriculture)hasprograms(aimed)(atdevelopingmorefarmers)and(atincreasinginterest)(inlocallygrownfood.)(2012年山東卷)(Ifyoustarted)(todryclothes)(inthemorning)andforgot(totakethemout),youcango(toyourphone)andrestartyourdryer(forthetime)(whenyoucomehome),(soyourclothesarerefreshedandready(togo).(2014新課標(biāo)1)Itwascalculatedthat(whenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint),thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequal(to24to40percent)(ofthetotalbirdpopulation)(intheUnitedStates),(making)

itperhapsthemostabundantbirds(intheworld).(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Thecompanyislaunchinganewstyle(ofhome)(fordementia(癡呆)patients)(throughBoKlok),ajointenterprise(withaconstructioncompany)(thatmakessustainableandaffordablehousing).(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Designadjustmentsinclude(takingmirrorsanddark-coloredfloor)(outofbathrooms)and(fittingkitchenappliances)(withold-fashionedknobs),(ratherthandigitalcontrols).1.農(nóng)業(yè)部有一些項目；旨在培養(yǎng)更多的農(nóng)民，提高人們對當(dāng)?shù)胤N植食品的興趣。2.如果你早上開始烘干衣服并忘了把它們拿出來，那么你可以用手機重新啟動烘干機，這樣在你回到家的時候，衣服已經(jīng)重新烘干并可以取出來了。3.據(jù)計算，當(dāng)它的數(shù)量達到最高點時，有超過30億只候鴿——這個數(shù)字相當(dāng)于美國鳥類總數(shù)的24%到40%，使它可能成為世界上數(shù)量最多的鳥類。4.該公司通過BoKlok推出了面向癡呆癥患者的新型住宅,

BoKlok是一家與生產(chǎn)可持續(xù)和經(jīng)濟適用的住房的建筑公司合資的企業(yè)。5.設(shè)計上的調(diào)整包括把浴室里的鏡子和深色地板去掉，把廚房電器換成老式的旋鈕，而不是數(shù)字控制。參考譯文However,whilemuchfocushasbeenonimprovingaccesstotechnologyforstudents,anareaofdigitalequitythatoftengetsneglectedishowparentsareexpectedtoengagewiththeirchildren’sschools.Parentswhoknowwhatishappeningintheclassroomarebetterequippedtohelptheirchildrensucceedandcancombinelearningathomewithlearningatschool.Parentswhodonothavesmartphonesorpersonalcomputersshouldhavethesameaccesstotheirchildren’steachersasparentswiththelatesttechnology.然而，雖然很多人都在關(guān)注如何改善學(xué)生獲得技術(shù)的機會，但數(shù)字公平的一個領(lǐng)域往往被忽視，那就是家長應(yīng)該如何與孩子的學(xué)?；印Ｑ芯勘砻?，家庭投入的學(xué)生成績更高，適應(yīng)更快，有更好的行為和社交技巧。了解課堂情況的家長更有能力幫助孩子取得成功，并能將在家學(xué)習(xí)與學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來。?沒有智能手機或個人電腦的父母應(yīng)該像擁有最新科技的父母一樣，有機會接觸到孩子的老師。Inaddition,platformsthatfocuson“blast”and“mass”typesofmessagingaresufficientfordistributinginformationrelatedtoanentireclassroomorschoolbutmissthemark沒成功

ondevelopingmeaningfulrelationshipswithindividualparentsandcreatingrealengagingopportunities.Positiveschool-homerelationshipsmustgetsupportedasequitablecommunicationisthepathwaytoengagingallparentsinhelpingstudentsachievemoresuccess.此外，專注于“爆炸”和“大眾”類型信息的平臺足以傳播與整個教室或?qū)W校相關(guān)的信息，但卻無法與個別家長建立有意義的關(guān)系，也無法創(chuàng)造真正互動的機會。積極的學(xué)校與家庭關(guān)系必須得到支持，因為公平的溝通是讓所有家長參與幫助學(xué)生取得更大成功的途徑。把長難句中的“三長兩短”“一并列”找出，做好標(biāo)記后，分小括號翻譯，利用提問回答方式進行翻譯和理解。1.介詞短語，從介詞開始到介詞之后的第一個名詞結(jié)束。2.從句：從連詞開始，到句尾、或逗號、或下一修飾成分、或下一謂語動詞結(jié)束。3.非謂語：從todo/doing/done開始，到到句尾、或逗號、或下一修飾成分、或下一謂語動詞結(jié)束。4.并列結(jié)構(gòu)：找并列詞and,or,but,aswell等等，劃并列項。在

AandB的結(jié)構(gòu)里，先找B(即右并列項)后找A(即左并列項)。SummaryWhileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybeh