英語急救醫(yī)療知識

英語急救醫(yī)療知識演講人：03-24CONTENTSBasicconceptsandprinciplesoffirstaidCardiopulmonaryResuscitation(CPR)TraumafirstaidskillsCommonemergencymanagementstrategiesEmergenciesrelatedtocounselingandenvironmentalfactorsBasicconceptsandprinciplesoffirstaid01DefinitionandimportanceoffirstaidFirstaidreferstotheprocessofquicklyandaccuratelyassessingtheconditionofaninjuryintheeventofasuddenillness,takingtimelyandeffectivetreatmentmeasurestosavethepatient'slife,alleviatedisabilityandpain.FirstaiddefinitionFirstaidisanimportantcomponentofthemedicalsystem,whichisofgreatsignificanceinensuringthesafetyofpeople'slivesandmaintainingsocialstability.Inemergencysituations,correctfirstaidmeasurescanearnpatientsvaluabletreatmenttime,reducemortalityanddisabilityrates.ImportanceCardiacarrestImmediatelyperformcardiopulmonaryresuscitation(CPR),includingchestcompressions,artificialrespiration,etc.,anduseanautomaticexternaldefibrillator(AED)forshockdefibrillationassoonaspossible.DifficultybreathingKeepthepatient'srespiratorytractunobstructed,provideauxiliarytreatmentsuchasoxygeninhalation,andifnecessary,performtrachealintubationormechanicalventilation.CommonemergenciesandresponsemeasuresSeveretraumaTreatthewoundwithhemostasis,bandaging,fixation,etc.topreventinfectionandshock,andpromptlysendthepatienttothehospitalfortreatment.PoisoningQuicklyremovetoxins,administerspecificantidotesorsymptomatictreatment,andmaintainstablevitalsignsofthepatient.CommonemergenciesandresponsemeasuresSafetyassessmentEvaluatetheenvironmentforpotentialhazards,suchastraffic,electricity,orchemicalspills,andtakenecessaryprecautionstoensurethesafetyofboththepatientandthereceiverSitedisposalIfthesceneisunsafe,movethepatienttoasaferlocationiftheirconditionallowsIfnot,providecarewhilewaitingforemergencyresponsestoarrayandtakeoverEmergencysitesafetyassessmentanddisposalTeamcollaborationEffectiveteamworkiscriticalinemergencysituationsClearrolesandresponsibilitiesshouldbeassignedtoeachteammembertoensuresmoothandeffectiveoperationCommunicationskillsClearanddecidecommunicationisessentialforcoordinatingcareandavoidingmisunderstandingsUsesimplelanguageandavoidjargonwhencommunicatingwithpatientsandtheirfamiliesAdditionally,effectivecommunicationwithintheteamisvitalforoptimalpatientcareTeamcollaborationandcommunicationskillsCardiopulmonaryResuscitation(CPR)02MaintainbloodcirculationandoxygenCPRaimstomanuallymaintainthecirculationofbloodandoxygeninthebodywhentheheartstopsbeatingMinimizebraindamagePromptandeffectiveCPRcanminimizebraindamagecausedbylakeofoxygenBuytimeforfurthertreatmentCPRcanbuycriticaltimeforemergencymedicalservicestodriveandprovideadvancedlifesupportBasicprinciplesofcardiovasculardissertationCheckresponsivenessandbreaking:BeforeperformingCPR,checkifthepersonisresponsiveandbreakingCallforhelp:Ifthepersonisunresponsiveandnotbreaking,callforemergencymedicalservicesimmediatelyStartchestcompressions:Pushhardandfastonthecenterofthechestatarateofatleast100compressionsperminuteGiveartisticbreaks:IfyouaretrainedinCPRanditissafetodoso,giveartisticbreaksbetweenchestcompressionsContinueuntilhelpdrives:KeepperformingCPRuntilemergencymedicalservicesdriveandtakeoverOperationstepsandprecautionsTurnontheAEDandfollowthepromptsAEDsaredesignedtobeeasytousefornonmedicalprofessionalsTurnonthedeviceandfollowthevoiceorvisualpromptsAttachtheelectrodesPlacetheelectrodesontheperson'sbarechestasinstructedbytheAEDAnalyzetheheartrhythmTheAEDwillanalyzetheperson'sheartrhythmanddetermineifashockisneededDelivertheshockIftheAEDadvisorsashock,makesurenooneistouchingthepersonandpressingtheshockbuttonUsageofAutomaticExternalDefibrillator(AED)Monitortheperson'sconditionContinuouslymonitortheperson'sbreaking,pulse,andconsistencyafterCPRProvidebasiclifesupportMaintaintheperson'sairway,breaking,andcirculationuntilemergencymedicalservicesarereceivedPrepareforadvancedlifesupportBereadytoassistemergencymedicalserviceswithadvancedlifesupportmeasuressuchasenrollmentorinvasiveaccessifneededDocumenttheincidentRecorddetailsoftheincidentincludingthetime,location,andanyrelevantinformationabouttheperson'sconditionbeforeandafterCPRPosttreatmentmeasuresforcardiovascularreconstructionTraumafirstaidskills03Visualinspection01Observethewonderforsignsofblending,switching,deformation,ordissolutionPalpation02Gentlyfeeltheareaaroundtheroundfortenderness,facility,orcrepitus(grindingsensationindicatingapossibleframe)Assessmentoffunction03CheckforanylimitationsinmovementorsensingintheaffectedareaMethodsforidentifyingandevaluatingtraumatypesApplydirectpressuretothewonwithacleanclothorgaugetocontrolblendingUsesterilebandsorcleanclothstocoverthewoundandsecureitinplaceImmobilizetheinjuredareawithsplashesorotherdevicestopreventfurtherinjuryHemistasisBandagingFixationBasicskillssuchashypothesis,bandaging,andfixationAdministratorappropriatepainttreatmentifavailableandindicatedPainreliefEnsurethattheinjuredpersonisproperlypositionedandsecuredtopreventfurtherinjuryduringtransportationMonitortheirconditionclosureandprovidenecessaryfirstaidenroutetomedicalfacilitiesPrecautionsduringtransportationPainreliefandprecautionsduringtransportationSpecialtraumamanagementrecommendationsHeadinjuriesMonitorclosureforsignsofdiscussionormoreseriousbraininjuriesSeekmedicalattentionimmediatelyifindicatedSpinalinjuriesSuspectspininjuryifthereispain,numbness,orweaknessintheextremesImmobilizethespineandseekmedicalattentionimmediatelyBurnsCooltheburnwithclean,coolwaterforatleast10minutesDonotapplyiceorappointmentstotheburnCoverwithasterilebandandseekmedicalattentionifnecessaryAmplificationsandmultipleblendingControlblendingbyapplyingdirectpressureandelevatingtheinjuredareaifpossibleSeekimmediatemedicalattentionCommonemergencymanagementstrategies04Immediatelyassessthepatient'sairwayandclearanyconstructionsPositionthepatient'sheadtomaintainanopenairwayEnsurepatient'sairwayIfavailable,provideoxygentothepatienttohelpalleviatebreathingdifficultiesAdministratoroxygenIfthepatientisnotbreakingandhasnopulse,beginCPRimmediatelyPerformanceCPRResponsemeasuresforbreakingdifferencesoroccupancyIdentificationandtreatmentmethodsformultipleacutereactionsImmediatecallforEMSandinformthemofthepatient'sconditionandsuspectedemergencyreactionCallforemergencymedicalservicesLookforsignsofsevereacutereactionssuchasdiffusebreaking,swingingofthefaceorthroat,hives,anddizzinessRecognizesymptomsIfavailable,givethepatientanepinephrineinjectiontohelpreversetheacutereactionAdministratorepinephrine要點三PreventinjuriesCleartheareaaroundthepatienttopreventthemfrominvadingthemselvesduringtheseizureGentlyguidetheirheadandbodytoavoidhiddenmovementsthatcouldcauseharm0102DonottrainthepatientAvoidtrainingthepatientduringaseizureasthiscouldleadtoadditionalinjuriesMonitorbreakingandcirculationCloselymonitorthepatient'sbreakingandcirculationduringtheseedingandbeingpreparedtoprovideassistanceifnecessary03HowtoprotectpatientsafetyduringepisodeseatingApplydirectpressuretothesoundtocontrolblendingIfavailable,useacleanclothorbandtocoverthewonControlblendingStabilizeanyobservedframesbyspinningtheinjuredlimbUsepaddingandbandstosecurethesplitinplaceImmobilizeframesRegularlycheckthepatient'svitalsignsaspulse,respiration,andseverityleveltoassesstheirconditionanddetermineifadditionalemergencymeasuresareneededMonitorvitalsignsReassessthepatientandprovidecomfortmeasuressuchasblanks,pills,andpaintmedicineifavailableandappropriateProvidecomfortmeasuresOthercommonemergencytreatmentsuggestionsEmergenciesrelatedtocounselingandenvironmentalfactors05IngestionoftoxicsubstancesAccidentalorintentionalestimationofhazardouschemicals,drugs,orpoisonplantscanleadtopoisoningPreventivemeasuresincludestoringtoxicsubstancesproperly,educatingchildrenaboutthedangersofunknownsubstances,andavoidingtheuseoftoxicplantsasdecorativeitemsInhalationoftoxicgasesExposuretohazardousgasessuchascarbonmonoxide,chlorine,orhydrogensulfidecancausepoisoningPreventivemeasuresincludeensuringproperventilationinenclosedspaces,usinggasdetectorsinpotentiallyhazardousenvironments,andwearingprotectivegearwhennecessarySkinabsorptionSometoxicsubstancescanbeabsorbedthroughtheskin,causingpoisoningPreventivemeasuresincludewearingprotectiveclothingandgloveswhenhandlingtoxicsubstances,washinghandsthroughaftercontactwithpotentiallyhazardousmaterials,andavoidingprolongedexposuretotoxicenvironmentsAnalysisofthecausesofcounselingandproactivemeasuresManifestationsSymptomsofcounselingmayincludenasea,invoicing,dizziness,headache,weakness,fusion,sizes,andrespiratoryfailureTheseverityofsymptomsdependsonthetypeandamountoftoxicsubstanceestimatedTreatmentmethodsImmediatemedicalattentioniscriticalincasesofcounselingTreatmentmayincludegastriclav