Unit 3 Food and Culture Discover Useful Structures 課件-2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

DiscoverUsefulStructure:

過去完成時(shí)態(tài)及過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)FoodandCultureUnit3LearningobjectivesBytheendofthisclass,youwillbeableto:1.recognizeandsummarizethemeaning,formanduseofthepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoice;2.usethepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoicetodescribeasituationthathappenedinthepast.1.HongKong___________(return)toChinain1997.returned2.Macao___________(return)toChinain1999.returned3.HongKong_________________(return)toChinabeforeMacaocameback.hadreturned過去完成時(shí)

pastperfecttenseLeadin一、什么是過去完成時(shí)？表示過去某一時(shí)間或動作之前發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，以及對過去的某一點(diǎn)造成的某種影響或是結(jié)果。動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。eg：1.Bynineo'clocklastnight,wehadgot

200picturesfromthespaceship.2.Allthetickets

hadbeensoldout

whentheyarrived.表示在過去某一時(shí)間或事件之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)一、過去完成時(shí)的定義PastFuturePresent“過去的過去”haddone過去完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和語態(tài)

主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)肯定形式haddonehadbeendone否定形式hadnotdonehadnotbeendone一般疑問句had＋主語＋donehad＋主語＋beendone特殊疑問句疑問詞＋had＋主語＋done疑問詞＋had＋主語＋beendone(1)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動作以前完成了的動作,即“過去的過去”?？梢杂胋y,before等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句來表示。before(連詞/介詞)+

過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)“在...之前”by+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)“到...為止”bytheendof+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)“到...為止”bythetime+(一般過去時(shí))“到...為止”Usageofpastperfecttense1.IhadintendedtovisithimyesterdaybutIwasn’tabletomakeit.2.Hehadwishedtobecomeadoctor,buthestudiedlawatcollege.3.Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.2、用于think，want，hope，wish，plan，intend等動詞表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。1.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadmadesuchamistake.2.Itwastwoyearssincehehadlefthishometown.3、用于固定句型

It/This/Thatwas+the序數(shù)詞+time+that從句；Itwas+一段時(shí)間+since從句。1.Scarcelyhadhearrivedwhenhewentawayagain.2.NosoonerhadIwalkedoutthanIrememberedthatIforgotmybag.3.Hardlyhadwesatdowntosupperwhenthephonerang./4、用于固定句型：（剛……就……）

Hardly/Scarcely...when；Nosooner...than注意：否定詞置于句首，需要_______________________。

主句用_______________，從句用_______________。部分倒裝過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)1.I___________

(eat)lotsofcakessofar.2.I_________(eat)lotsofcakestillthen.3.Tom____________

(finish)writinghisnovelbytheendoflastyear.4.Tom____________

(finish)writinghisnovel.

5.Tom________________

(finish)writinghisnovelbytheendofnextyear.6.Tom_________(finish)writinghisnovellastyear.haveeatenhadeatenhadfinishedhasfinishedwillhavefinishedfinished即學(xué)即練7.Ithoughtthattheletter___________________(send)aweekbefore.had

been

sent8.Shedidn'tgobackhomeuntilthework_______________________(finish).had

been

finished9.Hardly______hebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.had10.Robert________________(want)toattendPeter'sbirthdayparty,butanunexpectedvisitorruinedhisplan.had

wanted1.Tom

haseaten

hissupper.2.Tomhadeatenhissupperinthecanteenbeforehewentbackhome.1.Thefamilyhavenotfinishedbreakfast.2.Thefamilywerestillattable,buttheyhadfinished

breakfast.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響；過去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，也結(jié)束于過去。Trytocomparethefollowingtwosetsofsentences.過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)是過去完成時(shí)態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的結(jié)合。表示過去某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)被完成的動作，常與by，before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。由“had＋been＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成。過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)有以下幾種形式：(1)肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋hadbeendone＋其他成分。(2)否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋hadnotbeendone＋其他成分。(3)疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：had＋主語＋beendone＋其他成分？疑問詞＋had＋主語＋beendone＋其他成分？過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)一、什么是過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)？表示過去某一時(shí)間或某一動作前已發(fā)生且已完成的動作或狀態(tài)。主語與謂語動詞之間存在被動關(guān)系如：Thework

hadbeenfinished

byusbynineo’clockyesterday.Gracerealizedamistake

hadbeenmade

byher.Theproject

hadbeencompleted

bytheendof1999.過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)用法過去完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)用法區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)表示相對于現(xiàn)在來說已被完成的動作，過去完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)表示相對于過去某一時(shí)刻來說已被完成的動作。Summarypastperfecttensemeaningformuse“過去的過去”過去完成時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或一直延續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。主動:haddone被動:hadbeendone用法一：

用于有時(shí)間狀語before/by(theendof)+過去時(shí)間時(shí)用法二：用于think，want，hope，wish，plan，intend等動詞表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等用法三：用于固定句型

It/This/Thatwas+the序數(shù)詞+time+that從句；Itwas+一段時(shí)間+since從句用法四：用于固定句型：（剛……就……）

Hardly/Scarcely...when；Nosooner...than注意：否定詞置于句首，需要部分倒裝。

主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。語法填空1.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves__________(run)away.2.Thetroopswenttotheforestinsearchofthepilotwho__________(survive)theaircrash.3.We__________(paint)thehousebeforewemovedin.4.BythetimeAmyreturnedhomefromEngland,herdaughter_______________(graduate)fromcollege.5.Shesaid(that)she__________never__________(be)toParis.6.Ourplanfailedbecausewe__________(make)abadmistake.7.Amysaysshe__________(read)thebooktwice.8.Allthetickets_______________(sell)outwhentheyarrived.hadrunhadsurvivedhadpaintedhadgraduatedhadbeenhadmadehadmadehadbeensold語法填空9.I__________(plan)tohelpyou,butIwastoobusy.10.---DidyouvisittheDisneylandofShanghai?---I_____________(intend)to,butIdecidedtostaywithmysickmotheratthelastminute.11.Itwasthefirsttimethatshe________________(operate)asewingmachine.12.ThiswasthefirsttimethatI__________(meet)suchdifficultproblems.13.Nosooner__________thefilmstar__________(arrive)attheairportthanheattractedpeople'sattention.14.IwouldratherthatI__________(junk)thebadeggs.hadplannedhadintendedhadoperatedhadmethadarrivedhadjunked完成句子1.She_________________________(剛到家)whenitrained.2.They___________________________(相愛5年)beforetheygotmarried.3.Theyhadstudiedthemapofthecountrybeforethey_________________________(動身前往).4.BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrain_________________________(已經(jīng)走了).5.DuringhisstayinXi'an,Jerrytriedalmostalltheloca