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專題16拋物線的焦點(diǎn)弦、中點(diǎn)弦、弦長問題限時(shí):120分鐘滿分:150分一、單選題:本大題共8小題,每個(gè)小題5分,共40分.在每小題給出的選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的.1.已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且斜率為SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0截拋物線SKIPIF1<0所得弦長為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線方程為SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,消去SKIPIF1<0并整理得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線的兩個(gè)交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0截拋物線SKIPIF1<0所得弦長為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B2.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.8 B.12 C.16 D.24【解析】由拋物線SKIPIF1<0可知SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線的定義可得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0在拋物線SKIPIF1<0上,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.3.過拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),若直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線方程是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)橹本€SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.由SKIPIF1<0得,SKIPIF1<0.

設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線方程是SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.4.過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作拋物線SKIPIF1<0的弦AB,恰被點(diǎn)Q平分,則弦AB所在直線的方程為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由題意可知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,兩式相減,得SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0是弦AB的中點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,直線AB的斜率為2,所以弦AB所在直線的方程為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故選:C.5.已知直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),過SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別作SKIPIF1<0的切線交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.1 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.2【解析】由SKIPIF1<0得,SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.由SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,拋物線SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的切線方程是SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0代入上式整理得SKIPIF1<0,同理得到拋物線SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的切線方程是SKIPIF1<0.解方程組SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故選:A6.已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為F,過F且斜率大于零的直線l與SKIPIF1<0及拋物線SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0的所有公共點(diǎn)從右到左分別為點(diǎn)A,B,C,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.4 B.6 C.8 D.10【解析】由題意可得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,由題意可得直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線SKIPIF1<0必有2個(gè)交點(diǎn),與拋物線SKIPIF1<0相切,聯(lián)立方程組SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,與拋物線SKIPIF1<0方程聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.

7.已知斜率為SKIPIF1<0的直線過拋物線C:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)F且與拋物線C相交于A,B兩點(diǎn),過A,B分別作該拋物線準(zhǔn)線的垂線,垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的面積之比為3,則k的值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)閽佄锞€SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,方程SKIPIF1<0的判別式SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,由韋達(dá)定理可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由已知和拋物線定義知SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.8.已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)重合,過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩不同點(diǎn),拋物線SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)處的切線相交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0的橫坐標(biāo)為4,則弦長SKIPIF1<0(

)A.16 B.26 C.14 D.24【解析】由題意可得,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,拋物線方程為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線方程SKIPIF1<0.由題意,直線AB的斜率存在,設(shè)直線AB的方程為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0在點(diǎn)A處的切線方程為SKIPIF1<0,化簡得SKIPIF1<0,①同理可得在點(diǎn)B處的切線為SKIPIF1<0,②聯(lián)立①②得SKIPIF1<0,由M的橫坐標(biāo)為4,得SKIPIF1<0,將AB的方程代入拋物線方程,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.二、多選題:本大題共4小題,每個(gè)小題5分,共20分.在每小題給出的選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)或者多項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的.9.已知SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)一動(dòng)點(diǎn),直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且與拋物線SKIPIF1<0相交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),則下列說法正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0C.當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是弦SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)時(shí),直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0D.當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是弦SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0軸上存在一定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0【解析】拋物線SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線方程為SKIPIF1<0,對于A,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0重合,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0消去x并整理得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,A正確;

對于B,顯然點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在直線SKIPIF1<0上,由選項(xiàng)A知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),可得SKIPIF1<0,由點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在拋物線SKIPIF1<0內(nèi),知SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0,B正確;對于C,當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是弦SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)時(shí),設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率不存在,若SKIPIF1<0,則直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,C錯(cuò)誤;對于D,由選項(xiàng)C知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),線段SKIPIF1<0的中垂線斜率為SKIPIF1<0,方程為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,此直線過定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),線段SKIPIF1<0的中垂線為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以線段SKIPIF1<0的中垂線恒過定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,即當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是弦SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0軸上存在一定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0,D正確.故選:ABD10.已知A,B是拋物線SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0上兩動(dòng)點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),則(

)A.直線AB過焦點(diǎn)F時(shí),SKIPIF1<0最小值為4B.直線AB過焦點(diǎn)F且傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0C.若AB中點(diǎn)M的橫坐標(biāo)為2,則SKIPIF1<0最大值為5D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】對于A項(xiàng),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別作準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0的垂線,垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別作SKIPIF1<0軸的垂線,垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線與SKIPIF1<0軸的交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0,畫圖為:

根據(jù)拋物線的定義:SKIPIF1<0,從圖可知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,同理SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0最小值為SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0垂直于SKIPIF1<0軸,所以A不正確;對于B項(xiàng),由A可知,SKIPIF1<0,故B正確;對于C項(xiàng),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號成立,所以SKIPIF1<0最大值為5,故C正確;當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0不過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0不是定值,舉例當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤;故選:BC.11.過拋物線SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作兩條相互垂直的直線,與SKIPIF1<0的另外兩個(gè)交點(diǎn)分別為SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線方程是SKIPIF1<0B.過SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)的最短弦長為2C.直線SKIPIF1<0過定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0D.若直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的面積為24【解析】將SKIPIF1<0代入SKIPIF1<0中得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則拋物線SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線方程是SKIPIF1<0,故A正確;拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,可設(shè)過SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)的直線為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即過C的焦點(diǎn)的最短弦長為4,故B不正確;設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,可得:SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,化簡整理得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0過定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,故C正確;若直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故D不正確.故選:AC.12.已知SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0上的兩點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),則(

)A.拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線方程為SKIPIF1<0B.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0C.若直線SKIPIF1<0過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0D.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0【解析】對于A中,拋物線SKIPIF1<0可得其準(zhǔn)線方程為SKIPIF1<0,所以A錯(cuò)誤;對于B中,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以B正確;對于C中,拋物線SKIPIF1<0,可得其焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率不存在時(shí),可得SKIPIF1<0,不符合題意;當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率存在時(shí),設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立方程組SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)拋物線的定義,可得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,不妨取SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,所以C錯(cuò)誤;對于D中,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0(不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0)由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,此時(shí)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號成立,所以D正確.故選:BD.三、填空題:本大題共4小題,每小題5分,共20分.把答案填在答題卡中的橫線上.13.拋物線SKIPIF1<0截直線SKIPIF1<0所得弦長等于.【解析】設(shè)直線與拋物線的交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線的方程可得焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,可得直線SKIPIF1<0過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,消去SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0.14.若拋物線SKIPIF1<0的弦被點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0平分,則此弦所在直線的斜率為.【解析】設(shè)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的弦的端點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,若直線SKIPIF1<0軸,則線段SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)在SKIPIF1<0軸上,不合乎題意.所以,直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率存在,則SKIPIF1<0,兩式作差可得SKIPIF1<0,因此,直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.15.已知斜率為SKIPIF1<0的直線過拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,與拋物線SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)(SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的左側(cè)),又SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0(異于SKIPIF1<0)也為拋物線SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值為.【解析】由于直線斜率為SKIPIF1<0且過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則其方程為SKIPIF1<0,將直線方程與拋物線方程聯(lián)立,消去SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0①設(shè)SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0

∴SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0,∴①式變?yōu)镾KIPIF1<0,

解得SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,

∴SKIPIF1<0,

設(shè)SKIPIF1<0

則有SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<016.已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線與SKIPIF1<0軸的交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線與拋物線交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.【解析】由題意知SKIPIF1<0,則可設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0①,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以在SKIPIF1<0中,由余弦定理得SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,代入①式得SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0因此SKIPIF1<0四、解答題:本大題共6小題,共70分.解答應(yīng)寫出必要的文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟.17.已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,斜率為SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),與SKIPIF1<0軸交點(diǎn)為P.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0.【解析】(1)由題意,直線SKIPIF1<0的方程設(shè)為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立直線與拋物線方程SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0.即SKIPIF1<0.(2)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程設(shè)為SKIPIF1<0,

令SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,化簡可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.18.已知直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線SKIPIF1<0相交于SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn).(1)若直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)若直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且弦SKIPIF1<0恰被SKIPIF1<0平分,求SKIPIF1<0所在直線的方程.【解析】(1)因直線SKIPIF1<0的傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,又因直線SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0(2)因SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0在拋物線SKIPIF1<0上,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,兩式相減得:SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,故直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為4,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<019.已知直線SKIPIF1<0軸,垂足為x軸負(fù)半軸上的點(diǎn)E,點(diǎn)E關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O的對稱點(diǎn)為F,且SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0,垂足為A,線段AF的垂直平分線與直線SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)B,記點(diǎn)B的軌跡為曲線C.(1)求曲線C的方程;(2)已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,不過點(diǎn)P的直線l與曲線C交于M,N兩點(diǎn),以線段MN為直徑的圓恒過點(diǎn)P,點(diǎn)P關(guān)于x軸的對稱點(diǎn)為Q,若SKIPIF1<0的面積是SKIPIF1<0,求直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率.【解析】(1)由線段SKIPIF1<0的垂直平分線與直線SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,即點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的距離等于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的軌跡SKIPIF1<0是以SKIPIF1<0為焦點(diǎn),直線SKIPIF1<0為準(zhǔn)線的拋物線,所以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的軌跡SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.(2)解:根據(jù)題意,直線的斜率不為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立方程組SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又以線段SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓恒過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,又直線SKIPIF1<0不經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)滿足SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.

20.設(shè)拋物線C:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為F,P是拋物線外一點(diǎn),直線PA,PB與拋物線C切于A,B兩點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)P的直線交拋物線C于D,E兩點(diǎn),直線AB與DE交于點(diǎn)Q.(1)若AB過焦點(diǎn)F,且SKIPIF1<0,求直線AB的傾斜角;(2)求SKIPIF1<0的值.【解析】(1)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)橹本€AB的斜率不為0,所以設(shè)AB直線的方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立方程SKIPIF1<0,消去y,得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以直線的傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.(2)設(shè)過A點(diǎn)且與拋物線C相切的直線方程為SKIPIF1<0,(k存在,A不為原點(diǎn)),聯(lián)立方程SKIPIF1<0,消去x得,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以直線PA的方程為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,同理可得,直線PB方程為:SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在直線PA,PB上,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以直線AB的方程為:SKIPIF1<0設(shè)直線PD的方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立方程SKIPIF1<0,消去x,得SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立方程SKIPIF1<0,消去x,得SKIPIF1<0,由于點(diǎn)P在拋物線的外部,點(diǎn)Q在拋物線的內(nèi)部,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.

21.已知SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線交拋物線SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0平行于SKIPIF1<0軸時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.(1)求拋物線SKIPIF1<0的方程;(2)若SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0軸的垂線交直線SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作直線SKIPIF1<0的垂線與拋物線SKIPIF1<0的另一交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,證明:SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)共線.【解析】(1)拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0平行于SKIPIF1<0軸時(shí),設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0、SKI

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