建筑行業(yè)術(shù)語

BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES

建筑材料詞匯及短語1.ARCHITECTURE建筑專業(yè)a.DESIGNBASIS設(shè)計依據(jù)

計劃建議書planningproposals

設(shè)計任務(wù)書designorder

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范standardsandcodes

條件圖informationdrawing

設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)資料basicdatafordesign工藝流程圖processflowchart工程地質(zhì)資料engineeringgeologicaldata

原始資料originaldata

設(shè)計進(jìn)度scheduleofdesign

b.STAGEOFDESIGN設(shè)計階段

方案scheme,draft

草圖sketch會談紀(jì)要summaryofdiscussion

談判negotiation

可行性研究feasibilitystudy

初步設(shè)計preliminarydesign

基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計basicdesign

詳細(xì)設(shè)計detaildesign

詢價圖enquirydrawing

施工圖workingdrawing,

constructiondrawing

竣工圖asbuiltdrawing

c.CLIMATECONDITION氣象條件

日照sunshine

風(fēng)玫瑰windrose主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向prevailingwinddirection

最大(平均)風(fēng)速

maximum(mean)windvelocity

風(fēng)荷載windload

最大(平均)降雨量

maximum(mean)rainfall雷擊及閃電thunderandlightning

颶風(fēng)hurricane

臺風(fēng)typhoon

旋風(fēng)cyclone

降雨強度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall

濕球溫度wetbulbtemperature

干球溫度drybulbtemperature

冰凍期frostperiod

冰凍線frostline冰凍區(qū)frostzone

室外計算溫度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地區(qū)regionwithheatingprovision

不采暖地區(qū)regionwithoutheatingprovision

絕對大氣壓absoluteatmosphericpressure

相對濕度relativehumidity

d.GENERALROOMNAME

常用房間名稱

辦公室office

服務(wù)用房serviceroom

換班室shiftroom

休息室restroom(breakroom)

起居室livingroom

浴室bathroom

淋浴間shower

更衣室lockerroom

廁所lavatory

門廳lobby

診室cliniczhěn

工作間workshop

電氣開關(guān)室switchroom

走廊corridor

檔案室archive

電梯機房liftmotorroom

車庫garagekù

清潔間cleaningroom

會議室(正式)conferenceroom

會議室meetingroom

衣柜間wardrobe

暖風(fēng)間H.V.A.Croom飯店restaurant

餐廳canteen,diningroom

廚房kitchen

入口entrance

接待處receptionarea

會計室accountantroom

秘書室secretaryroom

電氣室electricalroom

控制室controlroom

工長室foremanoffice

開關(guān)柜室switchgear

前室antecabinet(Ante.)

生產(chǎn)區(qū)productionarea

馬達(dá)控制中心Mcc

多功能用房utilityroom

化驗室laboratoryroom

經(jīng)理室managerroom

披屋(閣樓)penthousepī

警衛(wèi)室guardhousee.ROOFINGANDCEILING

屋面及天棚女兒墻parapet

雨蓬canopypéng

屋脊roofridgejǐ

坡度slope

坡跨比pitch

分水線water-shed

二氈三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic

附加油氈一層extraplyoffelt

檐口eaveyán

挑檐overhangingeave

檐溝eavegutter

平屋面flatroof

坡屋面pitchedroof

雨水管downspout,rainwaterpipe)(R.W.P)

匯水面積catchmentarea

泛水flashing

內(nèi)排水interiordrainage

外排水exteriordrainage

滴水drip

屋面排水roofdrainage

找平層levelingcourse

卷材屋面built-uproofing

天棚ceiling檁條purlin

屋面板roofingboard

天花板ceilingboard

防水層water-proofcourse

檢查孔inspectionhole

人孔manhole

吊頂suspendedceiling,falseceiling

檐板(窗簾盒)cornice

f.WALL(CLADDING)墻體(外墻板)

磚墻brickwall

砌塊墻blockwall

清水磚墻brickwallwithoutplastering

抹灰墻renderedwall

石膏板墻gypsumboard,plasterboard

空心磚墻hollowbrickwall

承重墻bearingwall

非承重墻non-bearingwall

縱墻longitudinalwall

橫墻transversewall

外墻external(exterior)wall

內(nèi)墻internal(interior)wall

填充墻fillerwall

防火墻firewall

窗間墻wallbetweenwindow

空心墻cavitywall

壓頂coping

圈梁gird,girt,girth

玻璃隔斷glazedwall

防潮層damp-proofcourse(D.P.C)

遮陽板sunshade

陽臺balcony

伸縮縫expansionjoint

沉降縫settlementjoint

抗震縫seismicjoint

復(fù)合夾心板sandwichboard

壓型單板corrugatedsinglesteelplate

外墻板claddingpanel

復(fù)合板compositepanel

輕質(zhì)隔斷l(xiāng)ight-weightpartition

牛腿bracket

磚煙囪brickchimney

勒腳(基座)plinth

g.FLOORANDTRENCH

地面及地溝

地坪grade

地面和樓面groundandfloor

素土夯實rammedearth

爐渣夯實tampedcinder

填土filledearth

回填土夯實tampedbackfill

墊層beddingcourse,blinding

面層covering,finish結(jié)合層bonding(binding)course

找平層levelingcourse

素水泥漿結(jié)合層

neatcementbindingcourse

混凝土地面concretefloor

水泥地面cementfloor

機器磨平混凝土地面

machinetrowelledconcretefloor

水磨石地面terrazzoflooring

馬賽克地面mosaicflooring

瓷磚地面ceramictileflooring

油地氈地面linoleumflooring

預(yù)制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring

硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring

擱柵joist

硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring

防酸地面acid-resistantfloor

鋼筋混凝土樓板

reinforcedconcreteslab(R.CSlab)

乙烯基地面vinylflooring

水磨石嵌條dividerstripforterrazzo

地面做2％坡floorwith2%slope

集水溝gully

集水口gulley

排水溝drainagetrench

溝蓋板trenchcover

活動蓋板removablecoverplate

集水坑sumppit

孔翻邊holeupstand

電纜溝cabletrench

h.DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)

門、玻璃、窗及五金件

木(鋼)門wooden(steel)door

鑲板門panelleddoor

夾板門plywooddoor

鋁合金門aluminumalloydoor

卷簾門rollershutterdoor

彈簧門swingdoor

推拉門slidingdoor

平開門side-hungdoor

折疊門foldingdoor

旋轉(zhuǎn)門revolvingdoor

玻璃門glazeddoor

密閉門air-Tightdoor

保溫門thermalinsulatingdoor

鍍鋅鐵絲網(wǎng)門galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor

防火門firedoor

(大門上的)小門wicket

門框doorframe

門扇doorleaf

門洞dooropening

結(jié)構(gòu)開洞structuralopening

單扇門singledoor

雙扇門doubledoor

疏散門emergencydoor

紗門screendoor

門檻doorsill

門過梁doorlintel

上冒頭toprail下冒頭bottomrail

門邊木stile

門樘側(cè)料sidejumb

槽口notch

木窗woodenwindow

鋼窗steelwindow鋁合金窗aluminumalloywindow

百葉窗(通風(fēng)為主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)

塑鋼窗plasticsteelwindow

空腹鋼窗hollowsteelwindow

固定窗fixedwindow

平開窗side-hungwindow

推拉窗slidingwindow

氣窗transom

上懸窗top-hungwindow

中懸窗center-pivotedwindow

下懸窗hopperwindow

活動百葉窗adjustablelouver

天窗skylight

老虎窗dormerwindow

密封雙層玻璃sealeddoubleglazing

鋼筋混凝土過梁reinforcedconcretelintel

鋼筋磚過梁reinforcedbricklintel

窗扇casementsash

窗臺windowsill

窗臺板windowboard

窗中梃mullion

窗橫木mutin

窗邊木stile

壓縫條covermould

窗簾盒curtainbox

合頁(鉸鏈)hinge(butts)

轉(zhuǎn)軸pivot

長腳鉸鏈parliamenthinge瀝青漆asphaltpaint

桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoil

紅丹redlead

鉛油leadoil

膩子putty

k.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑術(shù)語

?Discipline專業(yè)建筑architecture

土木civil

給排水watersupplyanddrainage

總圖plotplan

采暖通風(fēng)H.V.A.C(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)

電力供應(yīng)electricpowersupply

電氣照明electriclighting

電訊telecommunication

儀表instrument

熱力供應(yīng)heatpowersupply

動力mechanicalpower

工藝processtechnology

管道piping

?ConventionalTerms一般通用名詞

建筑原理architectonics

建筑形式architecturalstyle

民用建筑civilarchitecture

城市建筑urbanarchitecture

農(nóng)村建筑ruralarchitecture

農(nóng)業(yè)建筑farmbuilding

工業(yè)建筑industrialbuilding

重工業(yè)的heavyindustrial

輕工業(yè)的lightindustrial

古代建筑ancientarchitecture

現(xiàn)代建筑modernarchitecture

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建筑standardizedbuildings

附屬建筑auxiliarybuildings

城市規(guī)劃cityplanning

廠區(qū)內(nèi)withinsite

廠區(qū)外offsite

封閉式closedtype

開敞式opentype

半開敞式semi-opentype

模數(shù)制modularsystem

單位造價unitcost

概算preliminaryestimate

承包商constructor,contractor

現(xiàn)場site

擴建extension

改建reconstruction

防火fire-prevention

防震aseismatic,quake-proof

防腐anti-corrosion

防潮dump-proof

防水water-proof

防塵dust-proof

防銹rust-proof

車流量trafficvolume

貨流量freighttrafficvolume

人流量pedestrianvolume

透視圖perspectivedrawing

建筑模型buildingmodel

?ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理

照明illumination

照度degreeofillumination

亮度brightness

日照sunshine

天然采光naturallighting

光強lightintensity

側(cè)光sidelight

頂光toplight

眩光glaze

方位角azimuth

輻射radiation

對流convection

傳導(dǎo)conduction

遮陽sun-shade

保溫thermalinsulation

恒溫constanttemperature

恒濕constanthumidity

噪音noise

隔音sound-proof

吸音soundabsorption

露點dewpoint

隔汽vapor-proof

NameOfProfessionalrole職務(wù)名稱

項目經(jīng)理projectmanager(PM)

設(shè)計經(jīng)理designmanager

首席建筑師principalarchitect

總工程師chiefengineer

土木工程師civilengineer

工藝工程師processengineer

電氣工程師electricalengineer

機械工程師mechanicalengineer

計劃工程師planningengineer

助理工程師assistantengineer

實習(xí)生probationer

專家specialist,expert

制圖員draftsman

技術(shù)員technician?Drafting制圖

總說明generalspecification

工程說明projectspecification

采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范目錄listofstandardsandspecificationadopted

圖紙目錄listofdrawings

平面圖plan

局部放大圖detailwithenlargedscale

．．．平面示意圖schematicplanof...

．．．平剖面圖sectionalplanof...

留孔平面圖planofprovisionofholes

剖面section

縱剖面longitudinalsection

橫剖面cross(transverse)section

立面elevation

正立面frontelevation

透視圖perspectivedrawing

側(cè)立面sideelevation

背立面backelevation

詳圖detaildrawings

典型節(jié)點typicaldetail

節(jié)點號detailNo.

首頁frontpage

圖紙目錄及說明listofcontentsanddescription

圖例legend

示意圖diagram

草圖sketch

荷載簡圖loaddiagram

流程示意圖flowdiagram

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖standarddrawing

．．．布置圖layoutof...

地形圖topographicalmap

土方工程圖earth-workdrawing

展開圖developeddrawing

模板圖formworkdrawing

配筋arrangementofreinforcement

表格tables

工程進(jìn)度表workingschedule

技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)technicalandeconomicalindex

建、構(gòu)筑物一覽表listofbuildingsandstructures

編號coding

序列號serialNo.

行和欄rowsandcolumns

備注remarks

等級grade

直線straightLine

曲線curves

曲折線zigzagline

虛線dottedline

實線solidline

影線hatchingline

點劃線dotanddashline

軸線axis

等高線contourLine

中心線centerLine

雙曲線hyperbola

拋物線parabola

切線tangentLine

尺寸線dimensionLine

園形round

環(huán)形annular

方形square

矩形rectangle

平行四邊形parallelogram

三角形triangle

五角形pentagon

六角形hexagon

八角形octagon

梯形trapezoid

圓圈circle

弓形sagment

扇形sector

球形的spherical

拋物面paraboloid

圓錐形cone

橢圓形ellipse,oblong

面積area

體積volume

容量capacity

重量weight

質(zhì)量mass

力force

米meter厘米centimete毫米millimeter

公頃hectate

牛頓/平方米Newton/squaremeter

千克/立方米kilogram/cubicmeter

英尺foot

英寸inch

磅pound

噸ton

加侖gallon

千磅kip

平均尺寸averagedimension

變尺寸variabledimension

外形尺寸overalldimension

展開尺寸developeddimension

內(nèi)徑insidediameter

外徑outsidediameter

凈重netweight

毛重grossweight

數(shù)量quantity

百分比percentage

凈空clearance

凈高h(yuǎn)eadroom

凈距cleardistance

凈跨clearspan

截面尺寸sectionaldimension

開間bay

進(jìn)深depth

單跨singlespan

雙跨doublespan

多跨multi-span

標(biāo)高elevation,level

絕對標(biāo)高absoluteelevation

設(shè)計標(biāo)高designedelevation

室外地面標(biāo)高groundelevation

室內(nèi)地面標(biāo)高floorelevation

柱網(wǎng)columngrid

坐標(biāo)coordinate

廠區(qū)占地sitearea

使用面積usablearea

輔助面積servicearea

通道面積passagearea

管架piperack

管廊pipelinegallery

架空管線overheadpipeline

排水溝drainditch

集水坑sumppit

噴泉fountain

地漏floordrain

消火栓firehydrant

滅火器fireextinguisher

二氧化碳滅火器carbondioxideextinguisher

鹵代烷滅火器halonextinguisher2.STRUCTURE結(jié)構(gòu)專業(yè)

a.Load荷載

拔力pullingforce

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值standardvalue

殘余應(yīng)力residualstress

沖擊荷載impactload,punchload

殘余變形residualdeflection

承壓bearing

承載能力bearingcapacity

承重bearing,loadbearing

承重結(jié)構(gòu)bearingstructure

脆性材料brittlematerial

脆性破壞brittlefailure

抵抗力resistingpower,resistance

吊車荷載craneload

分布荷載distributedload

風(fēng)荷載windload

風(fēng)速windvelocity,windspeed

風(fēng)壓windpressure

風(fēng)振windvibration

浮力buoyance,floatage

符號symbol,mark

負(fù)彎矩negativemoment,hoggingmoment

附加荷載additionalload

附加應(yīng)力additionalstress

副作用sideeffect,by-effect

剛度rigidity

剛度比ratioofrigidity

剛度系數(shù)rigidityfactor

剛接rigidconnection

剛性節(jié)點rigidjoint

恒載deadload

荷載傳遞transmissionofload

固端彎矩fixed-endmoment

活荷載liveload

積灰荷載dustload

集中荷載concentratedload

加載,加荷loading

剪力shear,shearingforce

剪切破壞shearfailure

剪應(yīng)變shearstrain

剪應(yīng)力shearstress

簡支simplesupport

靜定結(jié)構(gòu)staticallydeterminatestructure

截面模量modulusofsection,

sectionmodulus

靜力staticforce

靜力分析staticanalysis

局部壓力localpressure,partialpressure

局部壓屈localbulkling

絕對值absolutevalue

均布荷載uniformlydistributedload

抗拔力pullingresistance

抗剪剛度shearrigidity

抗剪強度shearstrength,shearingstrength

抗拉強度tensilestrength

抗扭torsionresistance

抗扭剛度torsionalrigidity

抗彎bendingresistance

抗彎剛度bendingrigidity

抗壓強度compressivestrength,

compressionstrength

可靠性reliability

可靠性設(shè)計reliabilitydesign

拉力tensileforce

拉應(yīng)力tensilestress,tensionstress

拉應(yīng)變tensilestrain,tensionstrain

臨界點criticalpoint

臨界荷載criticalload

臨界應(yīng)力criticalstress

密度density

離心力centrifugalforce

摩擦力frictionforce

摩擦系數(shù)frictionalfactor

撓度deflection

內(nèi)力internalforce,innerforce

扭矩momentoftorsion,torsionalmoment

疲勞強度fatiguestrength

偏心荷載eccentricload,non-centralload

偏心距eccentricdistance,eccentricity

偏心受拉eccentrictension

偏心受壓eccentriccompression

屈服強度yieldstrength

使用荷載workingload

水平力horizontalforce

水平推力horizontalthrust

彈塑性變形elastoplasticdeformation

彈性elasticity,resilience,spring

塑限plasticlimit

彈性變形elasticdeformation

塑性變形plasticdeformation

彈性模量modulusofelastic,

elasticmodulus

體積volume,bulk,cubature,cubage

土壓力earthpressure,soilpressure

彎矩bendingmoment,moment

彎曲半徑radiusatbent,radiusofcurve

位移displacement

溫度應(yīng)力temperaturestress

溫度作用temperatureaction

系數(shù)coefficient,factor

雪荷載snowload

壓應(yīng)變compressionstrain

壓應(yīng)力compressionstress

應(yīng)力集中concentrationofstress

預(yù)應(yīng)力prestressingforce,prestress

振動荷載vibratingload,rackingload

支座反力supportreaction

自重ownweight

作用action,effect

作用點pointofapplication,applicationjointb.GroundBaseandFoundation

地基及基礎(chǔ)

板樁sheetpile,sheetingpile

板樁基礎(chǔ)sheetpilefoundation

飽和粘土saturationclay

冰凍線frostline,freezinglevel

不均勻沉降

unequalsettlement,differentialsettlement

殘積土residualsoil

沉積物deposit,sediment

沉降settlement

沉降差differenceinsettlement

沉降縫settlementjoint

沉井sinkingwell,sunkwell

沉箱caisson

持力層bearingstratum

沖積alluviation

錘夯hammertamping

檔土墻retainingwall,breastwall

底板baseslab,baseplate,bedplate

地板floorboard

地基groundbase,ground

地基承載力groundbearingcapacity

地基處理groundtreatment,soiltreatment

地基穩(wěn)定basestabilization

地梁groundbeam,groundsill

地漏floordrain

地下工程substructurework,

understructurework

地下室basement,cellar

地下水groundwater

地下水位groundwaterlevel,watertable

地下水壓力groundwaterpressure

地質(zhì)報告geologicreport

墊層bedding,blinding

獨立基礎(chǔ)

isolatedfoundation,individualfoundation

端承樁end-bearingpile

筏式基礎(chǔ)raftfoundation

粉砂silt,rockflour

粉質(zhì)粘土siltyclay

粉質(zhì)土siltysoil

扶壁式檔土墻buttressedretainingwall

腐蝕corrosion

覆土earthcovering

剛性基礎(chǔ)rigidfoundation

溝蓋板trenchcover

固結(jié)consolidation

灌注樁cast-in-placepile,castinsitepile

護(hù)坡slopeprotection,revetment

護(hù)樁guardpile

環(huán)墻ringwall

灰土limeearth

回填backfill,backfilling

回填土backfill,backfillsoil

混凝土找平層concretescreed

火山灰水泥trasscement

基槽foundationtrench

基礎(chǔ)foundation,base

基礎(chǔ)底板foundationslab

基礎(chǔ)埋深embeddeddepthoffoundation

基礎(chǔ)平面圖foundationplan

地基勘探siteexploration,siteinvestigation

基坑foundationpit

集水坑collectingsump

階形基礎(chǔ)steppedfoundation

結(jié)合層bindingcourse,bondingcourse

井點wellpoint

井點排水wellpointunwatering

開挖excavation,cutting

勘測explorationandsurvey

勘測資料explorationdata

瀝青bitumen,asphalt,pitch

聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)combinedfoundation

卵石cobble,pebble

埋置embedment

毛石基礎(chǔ)rubblefoundation

錨筋anchorbar

錨樁anchorpile

密實度compactness,density,denseness

摩擦樁frictionpile,floatingpile

粘土clay

粘質(zhì)粉土claysilt

碾壓rollercompaction,rolling

排水drainage,dewatering

排水溝drainageditch

排水孔weephole,drainhole

排水設(shè)備dewateringequipment

普通硅酸鹽水泥ordinaryPortlandcement

群樁groupedpiles

容許沉降permissiblesettlement

容許承載力allowablebearing

軟土softsoil

砂墊層sandbeddingcourse,sandcushion

砂土sandysoil,sands

砂質(zhì)粉土sandysilt

設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)equipmentfoundation

水泥攪拌樁cementinjection

素土夯實rammedearth,packedsoil碎石樁stonecolumns

彈性地基elasticfoundation

彈性地基梁beamonelasticfoundation

填方fill,filling

填土earth-fill,earthfilling,filling

條形基礎(chǔ)stripfoundation

土方工程earthwork

挖方excavationwork,excavation

箱形基礎(chǔ)boxfoundation

壓實compaction,compacting

壓實系數(shù)compactingfactor

驗槽checkoffoundationsubsoil

預(yù)制混凝土樁precastconcretepile

中砂mediumsand

重力式檔土墻gravityretainingwall

樁承臺pilecap

鉆孔樁boredpile

鉆探explorationdrilling,drilling,

最終沉降finalsettlementc.ReinforcementConcreteStructure鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

板縫slabjoint

板厚thicknessofslab

板式樓梯crankedslabstairs

板跨度spanofslab

薄壁結(jié)構(gòu)thin-walledstructure

薄腹梁thinweddedgirder

保護(hù)層protectivecoating

臂式吊車boomcrane,boomhoist

邊梁edgebeam,boundarybeam

變截面variablecross-section

變形縫movementjoint

變形鋼筋deformedbar

初凝initialsetting,pre-setting

次梁secondarybeam

大型屋面板precastribbedroofslab

單層廠房one-storiedfactory

單筋梁beamwithsinglereinforcement

單跨singlespan

單向板one-wayslab

墊塊cushionblock

墊梁templatebeam

吊車梁cranebeam,cranegirder

頂棚抹灰ceilingplastering

端跨endspan,tailbay

多跨連續(xù)梁multi-spanbeam

翻邊upstand

反梁upstandbeam

分布鋼筋distribution-bar

封閉式箍筋closedstirrup

附加鋼筋additionalbar

剛架rigidframe,stiffframe

鋼筋reinforcement,steelbar,bar

鋼筋表BarSchedules

鋼筋籠steelreinforcementcage

鋼筋間距spacingofbars,barspacing

鋼筋網(wǎng)bar-matreinforcement,

meshreinforcement

鋼筋磚reinforcedbrick

勾縫jointpointing

構(gòu)架frame,gallows

構(gòu)件member,structuralmember

構(gòu)造construction

構(gòu)造鋼筋constructionalreinforcement

構(gòu)造柱onstructionalcolumn,tiecolumn

構(gòu)筑物structure

箍筋hoopreinforcement,hooping

箍筋間距stirrupspacing

固定端fixedend,retainedend

固端梁fixed-endbeam,fixedbeam

過梁lintel,breastsummer

混凝土強度等級gradeofconcrete

機制磚machine-madebrick

剪力墻shearwall

簡支梁simplysupportedbeam

經(jīng)濟(jì)跨度economicspan

經(jīng)濟(jì)配筋率economicratioofreinforcement

勁性鋼筋stiffreinforcement

勁性鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

steelcompositeconstruction

徑向鋼筋radialreinforcement

抗剪鋼筋shearreinforcement

抗拉鋼筋tensionreinforcement

受壓鋼筋compressionreinforcement

可見裂縫visiblecrack

刻痕鋼絲indentedsteelwire

坑pit,hollow,delve

空斗墻rowlockcavitywall,rolockwall

空心板hollowslab

空心磚隔墻hollowtilepartition

跨度span

框架frame

框架剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)frame-shearwallstructure

拉接鋼筋tiebar

欄桿railing,banister

欄桿立柱railingpost

老化aging

累積誤差accumulatederror

肋形樓板ribbedfloorslab

冷拔低碳鋼絲cold-drawnlow-carbonwire

冷脆性coldshortness,coolingbrittleness

冷彎coldbending

冷軋coldrolling

離析segregation

梁墊beampad,template,pad

梁撓度beamdeflection

樓梯斜梁string,stringer

螺旋樓梯spiralstair,windingstaircase

馬鞍形殼saddleshell

錨固anchoring

門框,門樘doorframe

門式剛架portalframe

面磚,墻面磚facingtile,walltile

耐火混凝土fire-resistingconcrete

排架bent,bentframe

女兒墻parapetwall,parapet

配筋率reinforcementratio

配箍率stirrupratio

砌塊block

圈梁ringbeam,tiebeam,bondbeam山墻gable

深梁deepbeam

伸縮縫expansionjoint

實腹梁solidwebgirder

實腹柱solidwebcolumn

豎向鋼筋verticalreinforcement

雙向配筋two-wayreinforcement

素混凝土plainconcrete

筒中筒結(jié)構(gòu)tube-in-tubestructure

網(wǎng)狀鋼筋steelmeshreinforcement

圍堰cofferdam,coffer

無梁樓蓋flatslab,flatplate系梁tiebeam

預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼筋混凝土

prestressedreinforcedconcrete

預(yù)應(yīng)力構(gòu)件prestressedcomponent

預(yù)制prefabrication

預(yù)制板precastslab

預(yù)制構(gòu)件prefabricationcomponent

預(yù)制裝配式結(jié)構(gòu)prefabricatedconstruction

折板foldedplate,foldedslab

折板結(jié)構(gòu)folded-platestructure

主筋mainreinforcement,mainbar

主梁mainbeam,girder

柱距columnspacing,postspacing

裝配式結(jié)構(gòu)fabricatedstructure

縱梁longitudinalbeam

縱剖面longitudinalsection

縱向鋼筋longitudinalbar

d.SteelStructure鋼結(jié)構(gòu)

薄壁型鋼light-gaugesteelsection,

hollowsteelsection

不等肢角鋼unequalanglesteel

槽鋼channel,channelsteel

背對背角鋼組合anglesbacktoback

不銹鋼stainlesssteel

除銹rust-removal

粗制螺栓roughbolt,blackbolt

帶鋼stripsteel,bandiron

單面焊singleweld,one-sidewelding

地腳螺栓foundationbolt,anchorbolt,

holdingdownbolt

點焊spotwelding,pointwelding

電動葫蘆electrichoist

等邊角鋼equalangle,equallegangle

對接焊,對焊buttwelding

腹板webplate,web

腹桿webmember

腹板加勁件webstiffener

桿rod,bar

鋼板steelplate

鋼管steeltube,steelpipe

鋼桁架steeltruss

鋼框架steelframe

鋼梯,爬梯steelladder

高強度螺栓highstrengthbolt

格構(gòu)柱latticecolumn

工字梁I-girder,I-beam

工字鋼I-steel

工字形截面I-shapedcross-section

焊縫weldingseam

焊接welding

焊接長度weldlength

焊條weldingrod

桁架truss

紅丹底漆redleadprimer

紅丹漆redleadpaint

加勁肋stiffeningrib,ribstiffener

加勁板stiffeningplate

角鋼anglesteel

節(jié)點joint,node

節(jié)點板gussetplate,gusset

節(jié)點位移jointdisplacement

節(jié)間長度panellength

緊固螺栓clampbolt,fasteningbolt

精制螺栓turnedbolt

可焊性weldability

空腹桁架open-webtruss

空間桁架spacetruss

肋板ribbedpanel,ribbedslab

連接板connectingplate,jointplate

檁條purline

螺母screwnut,nut

螺栓bolt

螺栓孔bolthole

螺紋screwthread,thread

螺紋長度lengthofthread

螺紋鋼screw-threadedsteel,twistedsteel

拉桿tierod,tensionrod

滿焊fullweld

鉚釘rivet

錳鋼manganesesteel

噴砂sandblasting

輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)lightweightsteelconstruction

三角架tripod

上弦topchord,upperchord

上弦橫向水平支撐upperlateralbracing上弦縱向水平支撐upperlongitudinalbracing

平面桁架planetruss

實腹剛架solidwebrigidframe

塔架pylonbent

特種鋼specialsteel

調(diào)和漆mixedpaint

貼角焊filletweld,filletwelding

托架bracket

網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)gridstructure

屋架rooftruss,principal

無縫鋼管seamlesssteelpipe

系桿tierod,tiebar,tie

下弦bottomchord,lowerchord

下弦橫向水平支撐bottomlateralbracing

斜撐diagonalbrace,diagonalbracing

型鋼sectionsteel,shapedsteel

懸索suspendedcable,suspensioncable

壓力焊pressurewelding

仰焊overheadwelding,invertedwelding

翼緣flange

翼緣板flangeplate,coverplate

軋制型鋼rolledsteelsection

支撐bracing,strutting

鑄鐵管castironpipe

組合槽鋼built-upchannel

組合截面built-upsection,compoundsection

自動焊接automaticwelding

e.DesignforAntiseismic抗震設(shè)計

鞭梢效應(yīng)whippingeffect

場地類別siteclassification

場地土sitesoil

單自由度體系single-degreeoffreedomsystem

底部剪力法equivalentbaseshearmethod

地震earthquake,seism

地震烈度earthquakeintensity,seismicintensity

地震烈度區(qū)劃圖mapofseismicintensityzoning

地震影響系數(shù)seismicinfluencecoefficient

地震作用earthquakeaction

多自由度體系multi-degreeoffreedomsystem

反應(yīng)譜responsespectrum

抗震earthquakeresistance

抗震縫seismicjoint,aseismicjoint

抗震構(gòu)造aseismicconstruction

抗震設(shè)防earthquakefortification

抗震設(shè)計seismicdesign

共振resonance

基本周期foundamentalperiod

里氏震級Richtermagnitude

烈度intensity

設(shè)計近震designnearearthquake

設(shè)計遠(yuǎn)震designfarearthquake

時程分析法timehistorymethod

液化liquefaction

振型vibrationmode

振型分解法modalanalysismethod

震源earthquakefocus

震中earthquakeepicenter

自由度degreeoffreedom

自振周期naturalperiodofvibration

f.GeneralWordsforDesign

設(shè)計常用詞匯

安裝installation,erection

報價offer,quotedprice

報價單quotation

壁柱pilaster,muralcolumn

變更alteration,variation,modification

變形deformation

標(biāo)高elevation,level

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)standard,criterion

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大樣standarddetail

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖standarddrawing

補充規(guī)定additionalregulations

補充說明additionalremarks

補充條件supplementaryconditions

不對稱asymmetry

布置arrangement,layout

布置圖layoutplan,layout

材料material

材料表billofmaterials

材料強度strengthofmaterials

參見詳圖referringtodetaildrawing

參考點referencepoint

參數(shù)parameter

操作平臺operatingplatform

草圖sketch,draft,roughdrawing

側(cè)向剛度lateralrigidity

側(cè)向穩(wěn)定lateralstability

側(cè)向約束lateralrestraint

側(cè)向支撐lateralbracing,sidebracing

拆除demolition,removal

長細(xì)比slendernessratio

廠房factorybuilding,millbuilding

超靜定staticalindetermination

承包contract

承包商contractor

等效截面equivalentsection

底標(biāo)高bottomelevation

電梯lift,elevator,electriclift

電梯井elevatorhoistway,liftwell,liftshaft

電梯機房elevatormachineroom

方案scheme,plan,programme

方案設(shè)計schematicplan

方案圖schematicdrawing

防爆explosionprotection,explosion-proofing

防潮層damp-proofcourse

防凍freezingprevention,frostprotection

防凍劑antifreezecompound

防腐preservation

防腐劑preservative,preservativeagent

防滑slip-resistance

防滑處理deslickingtreatment防滑條non-slipinsert

防火fireprevention,fireproofing

防火材料fireproofmaterial

防火分區(qū)firecompartment

防水waterproofing

防水材料waterproofmaterial

防水砂漿waterproofmortar

防酸acidproofing

方形square

防銹rustprevention

防銹劑anti-rustagent

防振vibrationprotection

分配系數(shù)distributioncoefficient

風(fēng)化weathering,efflorescence

風(fēng)向winddirection

附圖attacheddrawing

附注note,annotation

高層建筑high-risebuilding

高差differenceinelevation

高跨比ratioofrisetospan

高寬比depth-widthratio

高聳結(jié)構(gòu)high-risestructure

隔斷partition,divider

工程project,engineering

工程量quantities

工程量表billofquantities

工業(yè)廠房industrialfactorybuilding

工業(yè)建筑industrialarchitecture

公稱直徑nominaldiameter

公式formula

公司company,corporation

拱arch

共振resonance,sympatheticvibration

管架piperack

規(guī)范regulation,code

規(guī)格specifications,standards

規(guī)模scale,scope

國家規(guī)范nationalregulation

國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)nationalstandards

合同contract

橫向變形transversedeformation

橫向剛度lateralrigidity

化工廠chemicalplant

貨梯freightelevator,goodslift

極限承載能力ultimatebearingcapacity

紀(jì)要summary

計算書calculationsheet

技術(shù)資料technicaldata

剪刀撐,交叉撐X-brace,crossbrace

簡圖sketch,diagram

簡支梁simplebeam

交叉intersection,crossing

交點intersectionpoint

鉸接hingedconnection,hingejoint,pinconnection

結(jié)構(gòu)變形structuraldeformation

結(jié)構(gòu)圖structuraldrawing

結(jié)構(gòu)形式structuralstyle

結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性structuralstability

結(jié)論conclusion,verdict

截面section

界限limits,bounds,demarcationline

緊急出口emergencyexit

精確度accuracy,precision,excatitude,

局部破壞localfailure,partialfailure

矩形rectangular

抗凍frostresisting

抗風(fēng)柱windresistancecolumn

立面elevation,facade

粒徑particlediameter

連續(xù)梁continuousbeam

兩鉸拱two-hingedarch

裂縫rift,crack,crevice

樓梯stair

樓梯間staircase

樓梯扶手stairrail

樓梯凈空stairheadroom

樓梯平臺,休息平臺landing,pace,stairlanding

樓梯坡度pitchofstair,slopeofstair

樓梯踏步stairstep

鋁合金aluminumalloy

鋁合金窗aluminumalloywindow

民用建筑civilarchitecture

摩擦friction

耐火等級fireresistancerating耐久性durability,endurance

爬梯catladder

疲勞破壞fatiguefailure

頻率frequency

平面布置planlayout

平臺terrace,platform,deck

平臺欄桿platformrailing

剖面section

剖面圖sectionaldrawing

侵蝕corrosion,erosion

傾覆overturning,toppling

人孔manhole

容許誤差allowableerror,permissibleerror

容許值permissiblevalue,allowablevalue

曬圖blueprinting

上部結(jié)構(gòu)superstructure

設(shè)計要求designrequirements

設(shè)計資料designdata

伸縮縫expansionjoint

室外樓梯exteriorstair,outsidestairway

雙向板two-wayslab

水平撐horizontalbrace

踏步step

踏步板tread

彈簧spring

填充材料fillingmaterial

填充墻fillerwall

挑板cantileverslab

挑檐projectingeaves,overhangeaves

停車場carpark,parkinglot

通用構(gòu)件standardmember

通用圖standarddrawing

通用詳圖standarddetail

統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)unifiedstandards

統(tǒng)一構(gòu)件unifiedstructureelement

投標(biāo)bid,tender

招標(biāo)bidding

圖集collectivedrawings,collectionofdrawings

圖簽titleblock

溫差temperaturedifference

穩(wěn)定性stability,steadiness

污水處理sewagedisposal,sewagetreatment

先張法預(yù)應(yīng)力pretensionedprestressing

現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)currentlyeffectivestandards

詳圖,大樣detaildrawing,detail

橡膠止水帶rubberwaterstop

消防firefighting,fireprotection

斜率slope

卸荷unloading

卸貨平臺dischargingplatform,unloadingplatform

懸臂cantilever

懸臂板c