翻譯三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬17

翻譯三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬17Section1:VocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsfo（江南博哥）reachpartbeforeansweringthequestions.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Ifyoudevelopareputationforbeingabletokeepsecrets,otherswill______towardsyouwithusefulnewsandgossip.A.feelconstrainedB.feelexcludedC.propelD.gravitate正確答案：D[解析]feelconstrained感覺拘束的；feelexcluded感覺被排斥的；propel推進(jìn)；gravitate(to)被吸引。

2.

Earlysignsof______seenintheherbalmedicinestudyareextremelyencouragingandbaseduponthesedata,wearenowplanningaregistrationprogram.A.facultyB.receptionC.deteriorationD.efficacy正確答案：D[解析]faculty才能，技能；reception接待，接收；deterioration變壞，墮落；efficacy功效。

3.

Inthe18thcenturymanyBritishpoliticiansfavoredfriendshipwithPrussiabecausetheythoughtthatthePrussianarmywas______totheBritishnavy.A.complimentaryB.complicatedC.complementaryD.comprehensive正確答案：C[解析]becomplementaryto是……的補(bǔ)充；complimentary贊美的；complicated復(fù)雜的；comprehensive廣泛的。

4.

Thetrafficwasentirely,______becauseofaseriesoftrafficaccidentsontheroad.A.crippledB.overthrownC.disabledD.insulated正確答案：C[解析]disable使癱瘓；crippled殘廢的；overthrown推翻，顛覆；insulate使絕緣。

5.

Theletterpageofthisnewspaperisa______forpublicargument.A.symposiumB.commentaryC.forumD.appraisal正確答案：C[解析]forum論壇，整句話意思是“這家報(bào)紙的來信專欄是公眾辯論的論壇”。symposium座談會(huì)；commentary注釋；appraisal評(píng)價(jià)，鑒定。

6.

Thechief______ofthatyoungmanarehisgenerosityandenergy.A.traitsB.tempersC.trendsD.traces正確答案：A[解析]traits特點(diǎn)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)；tempers性情，脾氣；trends趨勢(shì)；traces痕跡。

7.

Theinsurancecompanypaidhim$5,000in______afterhisaccident.A.compensationB.installmentC.substitutionD.commission正確答案：A[解析]compensation賠償；installment部分；substitution替代；commission委托，代理。

8.

ItisverystrangebutIhadan______thattheplanewouldcrash.A.inspirationB.intuitionC.imaginationD.incentive正確答案：B[解析]intuition直覺；inspiration靈感；imagination想象；incentive動(dòng)機(jī)。

9.

Wearegoingonthe______

thattheworkwillbefinishedtomorrow.A.schemeB.assumptionC.orbitD.procedure正確答案：B[解析]goontheassumptionthat意思是“根據(jù)……的假定”。scheme安排，計(jì)劃；orbit軌道；procedure程序。

10.

Somemedicalconditionscanoftencurethemselves______,withoutmedicalintervention.A.deliberatelyB.spontaneouslyC.consciouslyD.intentionally正確答案：B[解析]spontaneously自然地，本能地；deliberately故意地；consciously有意識(shí)地；intentionally蓄意地。

11.

By______computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthim$2,000.A.coarseB.rudeC.crudeD.rough正確答案：D[解析]byroughcomputation粗略計(jì)算；coarse粗糙的，粗鄙的；rude粗魯?shù)?；crude天然的，未加工的，拙劣的。

12.

Inordertostimulatethedomesticeconomy,thegovernmenthas______toreduceimports.A.pledgedB.resortedC.suggestedD.hesitated正確答案：B[解析]resortto求助、訴諸于，采?。籶ledge發(fā)誓，保證；suggest建議；hesitate猶豫。

13.

Howmuchapersoncanearnisnotalwaysagood______ofrealsuccessinlife.A.essenceB.decreeC.qualificationD.criterion正確答案：D[解析]criterion(批評(píng)判斷的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；essence本質(zhì)；decree法令；qualification資格，條件。

14.

George______someimportantsentencesbyunderliningthemwitharedpen.A.highlightedB.upgradedC.capableD.eligible正確答案：A[解析]highlight突出，強(qiáng)調(diào)；upgrade升級(jí)；capable能干的；eligible符合條件的。

15.

WhatIseektoaccomplishissimplytoservewithmy______capacitytruthandjusticeattheriskofpleasingnoone.A.formidableB.exquisiteC.exoticD.feeble正確答案：D[解析]exquisite精致的，精美的；(感覺)敏感的，細(xì)致的；(疼痛、愉快等)極度的，用來修飾capacity并不合適。formidable令人害怕的，難以克服的；exotic指外來情調(diào)的，異國的；feeble虛弱的，弱小的。此句的意思是“我所追求實(shí)現(xiàn)的僅僅是以我的微薄之力，冒著不討好任何人的危險(xiǎn)為真理和正義而服務(wù)”，所以選D比較符合題意。

16.

Hardworkandmalnutrition______hishealthandhelookedthinandpale.A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.wedged正確答案：A[解析]impair削弱；promote促進(jìn)；accelerate加速；wedge楔人，楔進(jìn)。

17.

Shewas______betweentwoveryfatwomenandfeltextremelyuneasy.A.towedB.tuggedC.sandwichedD.wedged正確答案：C[解析]sandwich夾入中間；tow拖，拽；tug用力拖，吃力地搬運(yùn)；wedge楔入，楔進(jìn)。

18.

Youneedtorewritethissentencebecauseitis______;thereaderswillhavedifficultyinunderstandingit.A.comprehensiveB.alternativeC.deliberateD.ambiguous正確答案：D[解析]ambiguous不明確的，模棱兩可的；comprehensive廣泛的；alternative可選擇的；deliberate故意的。

19.

Wemustlearntoseethingsintheirright______andavoidmakingmistakes.A.prospectiveB.prosperityC.perspectiveD.permissive正確答案：C[解析]perspective角度，方面；prospective預(yù)期的；prosperity繁榮；permissive許可的。

20.

Asoureyesrangedoverthebroadshouldersofthemountain,theconceptionofits______grewuponus.A.multitudeB.gratitudeC.latitudeD.magnitude正確答案：D[解析]magnitude巨大，廣大；multitude多數(shù)；gratitude感激的心情；latitude緯度。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Archaeologistsareinterestedinpottery,figurinesandothervestigesofancientcivilizations.A.tracesB.shardsC.productsD.artifacts正確答案：A[解析]本題中，vestiges的意思是“遺跡，痕跡”。A項(xiàng)“traces痕跡，蹤跡”符合題意，如：Theysearchedthebuildingbutdidnotfindanytraceofthecriminal.(他們搜查了這座樓房，可是沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)罪犯的一點(diǎn)蹤跡。)其他三項(xiàng)“shards(玻璃或陶瓷器皿的)碎片；products產(chǎn)品；artifacts史前古器物”都不正確。

2.

Packagingisdesignedsoastoencourageimpetuousshopping.A.extravagantB.carefulC.impotentD.impulsive正確答案：D[解析]本題中，impetuous的意思是“沖動(dòng)的”。D項(xiàng)的“impulsive沖動(dòng)的”符合題意，如：animpulsiveaction(受一時(shí)感情所驅(qū)使的行動(dòng))。其他三項(xiàng)“extravagant奢侈的，浪費(fèi)的；careful小心的，仔細(xì)的；impotent無力的，虛弱的”都不正確。

3.

Panofhisgeneralthriftistobemeticulousinverifyingmonthlyexpenses.A.painstakingB.dilatoryC.meretriciousD.gaudy正確答案：A[解析]本題中，meticulous的意思是“非常仔細(xì)的，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?，注意?xì)節(jié)的”。A項(xiàng)的“painstaking仔細(xì)的，精心的，用心的”符合題意，如：makepainstakinginvestigations(進(jìn)行過細(xì)的調(diào)查)。其他三項(xiàng)“dilatory不慌不忙的；meretricious俗氣的，金玉其外的，虛飾的；gaudy華而不實(shí)的，俗麗的”都不正確。

4.

Thejurorscametoadeadlockinthedefendant'strialformurder.A.adecisionofguiltyB.adecisiontopunishbyelectrocutionC.animpasseD.anunusualverdict正確答案：C[解析]本題中，deadlock的意思是“僵局”。C項(xiàng)的“impasse僵局”符合題意，如：Reachedanimpasseinthenegotiations.(談判陷入了僵局。)其他三項(xiàng)“guilty有罪的；electrocution電刑；verdict裁決，判決”都不正確。

5.

Amongthelowestofthejudicialranks,justicesofthepeaceneverthelessfrequentlyexercisejurisdictionoveravarietyofmisdemeanors.A.guidanceB.sovereigntyC.authorityD.suzerainty正確答案：C[解析]本題中，jurisdiction的意思是“權(quán)限”。C項(xiàng)的“authority職權(quán)”符合題意，如：Deputiesweregivenauthoritytomakearrests.(代表們被授予拘捕權(quán)。)其他三項(xiàng)“guidance指導(dǎo)；sovereignty主權(quán)；suzerainty宗主權(quán)”都不正確。

6.

Amistakeisrarelyatonedforbyasingleapology,howeverprofuse.A.extravagantB.producedC.divergentD.repetitious正確答案：A[解析]本題中，profuse的意思是“極其豐富的”。A項(xiàng)的“extravagant過分的，豐饒的”符合題意，如：extravagantvegetation(茂盛的植被)。其他三項(xiàng)“produced畸形生長(zhǎng)的；divergent分歧的；repetitious重復(fù)的”都不正確。

7.

HerofficeintheFirstNationalBankbuildingisprovisional.A.permanentB.temporaryC.corruptD.craven正確答案：B[解析]本題中，provisional的意思是“臨時(shí)的”。B項(xiàng)的“temporary臨時(shí)的”符合題意，如：temporarypunishment(有期徒刑)。其他三項(xiàng)“permanent永久的；corrupt貪污的；craven膽小的”都不正確。

8.

Theburglarsransackedtheroomtakinganythingofvaluetheyfound.A.demolishedB.tookoverC.inhabitedD.thoroughlysearched正確答案：D[解析]本題中，ransacked的意思是“徹底搜索，仔細(xì)檢查”。D項(xiàng)的“thoroughlysearched徹底搜查”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)“demolished毀壞，破壞；tookover接收，接管；inhabited居住”都不正確。

9.

Thewholeoftheendowmentwasusedtorefurbishtheschoolgymnasium.A.millionairesB.endorsementsC.governmentsD.donations正確答案：D[解析]本題中，endowment的意思是“捐贈(zèng)”。D項(xiàng)的“donations捐贈(zèng)”符合題意，如：adonationofmoneytothehospital(捐給醫(yī)院的錢)。其他三項(xiàng)“millionaires百萬富翁；endorsements背書；governments政府”都不正確。

10.

Themassacreofinnocentpeoplecannoteverbecondoned.A.overlookedB.praiseC.condemnedD.satisfied正確答案：A[解析]本題中，condoned的意思是“寬恕，赦免”。A項(xiàng)的“overlooked寬恕，寬容”符合題意，如：Thesecretaryisverycarefulandneveroverlooksanylittlepoints.(秘書是個(gè)很細(xì)心的人，她從不忽視細(xì)節(jié)。)其他三項(xiàng)“praise表揚(yáng)；condemned譴責(zé)；satisfied感到滿意的”都不正確。

11.

Althoughthepositionsheisapplyingforisasubordinateoneinthecompany,therearemanyopportunitiesofpromotion.A.juniorB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent正確答案：A[解析]A項(xiàng)junior“下級(jí)的，較低的”與subordinate“隸屬的，次要的”意義相同，其他選項(xiàng)的意義分別是：succeeding“接著發(fā)生的”；successive“連續(xù)的，繼承的”；subsequent“隨后的，并發(fā)的”。

12.

Shecansing,danceandplaytheguitarandthepianoandweallconsiderherversatile.A.sophisticatedB.all-roundC.productiveD.flexible正確答案：B[解析]all-round“門門皆通的，多才多藝的”與versatile“多才多藝的”同義。其他選項(xiàng)的詞義分別為：sophisticated“世故的”；productive“多產(chǎn)的”；flexible“彈性的，易適應(yīng)的”。

13.

Theboyindulgesinplayingcomputergamesandstaysupeverynighttoplay.A.subscribestoB.engagesinC.hangsonD.isaddictedto正確答案：D[解析]beaddictedto“上了癮的，沉溺于某種嗜好中”與indulgein“沉溺于，縱情于”意義相近。其他詞subscribeto“訂閱”；hangon“堅(jiān)持，等一下”均不合題意。

14.

Anotablelawyerinourcity,themanisverybusy.A.liableB.practicableC.qualifiedD.celebrated正確答案：D[解析]celebrated“著名的”與notable“著名的”意義相同。其他詞義分別為：liable“易受影響的”；practicable“實(shí)際的”；qualified“有資格的”。

15.

Theyfoundtheintricatedirectionsextremelydifficulttounderstand.A.vagueB.unusualC.complicatedD.original正確答案：C[解析]complicated“復(fù)雜的”與intricate“錯(cuò)綜的，復(fù)雜的”詞義相近。其他詞義分別為：vague“含糊的”；unusual“不尋常的”和original“有創(chuàng)意的”。

16.

Yourcompositionisnotgood,forseveralparagraphsarenotpertinenttothesubjectunderdiscussion.A.valuableB.providentC.relevantD.concerned正確答案：C[解析]選項(xiàng)relevant“有關(guān)的，切題的”、concerned“關(guān)聯(lián)的”都與pertinent“有關(guān)的”詞義相同，但D不能與to相搭配。其他詞valuable“有價(jià)值的”和provident“節(jié)儉的”的詞義與題意不符。

17.

Thelocalmedicalofficerreportedaseriousoutbreakoffoodpoisoning.A.breakthroughB.breakdownC.outburstD.outcome正確答案：C[解析]outburst“爆發(fā)”與outbreak“爆發(fā)，發(fā)作”意義相近。其他詞義分別為：breakthrough“突破”；breakdown“損壞，故障”和outcome“結(jié)果”。

18.

Thefashionableminiskirtcannotresistthebittercoldness.A.withholdB.withstandC.withdrawD.wither正確答案：B[解析]withstand“抵御”與resist“抵制”詞義相近。其他詞義分別為：withhold“限制，扣留”；withdraw“收回，撤回”和wither“枯萎”。

19.

Themiserablechildlosthisfatherattheageoftwoandhismotheratfive.Nowheishomeless.A.sorrowfulB.meanC.grievingD.wretched正確答案：D[解析]wretched“可憐的”與homeless“無家可歸的”意義相近。其他詞義分別為：sorrowful“悲傷的”、mean“吝嗇的”和grieving“悲痛的”。

20.

Hersilenceisanindicationofhisdisapproval.A.testimonyB.statementC.suggestionD.announcement正確答案：C[解析]suggestion“表明，暗示”與indication“暗示，指示”詞義相近。其他詞義分別為：testimony“證詞”、statement“聲明”和announcement“宣布”。

Part3ErrorCorrectionThispartconsistsof20sentences.Ineachofthemthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesanerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,C,Drespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.Blackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Whatdistinguishedherintheothergirlswasherpeculiarhairstyle.A.toB.fromC.thanD.with正確答案：B[解析]distinguish…from把……和……區(qū)別開來。此句意為：她獨(dú)特的發(fā)型使人能將她與其他女孩區(qū)分開來。因此B為答案。

2.

Thestyleofwritinginthisarticleissobeautiful,whichmadethereaderpleasebothtotheeyeandinthemind.A.pleasesthereaderB.pleasemadethereaderC.pleasedthereaderD.madethereaderpleasant正確答案：A[解析]which引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)是陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，且根據(jù)主句判斷應(yīng)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，又是單數(shù)第三人稱。因此A為答案。

3.

ShetoldmethatshehasalreadygonetotheUnitedStatesfourtimesbeforesheattendedthatconference.A.hadalreadybeenB.hasalreadybeenC.alreadywentD.wasalreadygoing正確答案：A[解析]“已去過美國四次”(現(xiàn)在已回來)應(yīng)用havebeento，而不用havegoneto。此外“去美國”(hasalreadybeentotheUnitedStates)這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“告訴”(told)之前，應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)hadalreadybeento。所以答案為A。

4.

Fouryearsago,quittingtheartisticdirectorofAmericanBalletTheatre,BaryshnikovfoundtheWhiteOakDanceProject.A.havequitaswasfoundingB.havingquitashadfoundedC.beingquitasfoundedD.havingquitasfounded正確答案：D[解析]動(dòng)名詞“辭職”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞“創(chuàng)辦”之前，因此要用其完成時(shí)，而謂語動(dòng)詞“創(chuàng)辦”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在四年前，所以用一般過去時(shí)即可。答案為D。

5.

Thewell-knownGarubSite,unearthedin1997,showsthatmanhadmadelivingthereasearlyas5,000yearsago.A.humanhadlivedB.humanshadlivedC.humanbeinglivedD.humanbeingslived正確答案：D[解析]表示“人類”時(shí)，一般用thehuman或humanbeing，humanbeing為可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)為humanbeings。因只是敘述人類五千年前就在那里生活這一事實(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)即可，所以答案為D。

6.

Inourowngalaxy,theMilkyWay,thereareperhaps200billionstars,asmallpartofthemprobablyhaveplanetsonwhichlifeisfeasible.A.asmallfractioninwhichB.asmallfractionofwhichC.asmallfractionwhichD.whichafractionof正確答案：B[解析]本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。英語的定語從句(不論是限定性或非限定性)中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞前置，其中whom指人，which指物。而介詞of表示整體中的一部分，afractionof表示“……的一部分”，所以B為答案。

7.

"Butyou'llbeabletocome,won'tyou?

Yes,Ithinksuch."A.thatB.itC.soD.this正確答案：C[解析]本題考查習(xí)慣搭配。句意為：但是你回來的，對(duì)嗎?是的，我這么認(rèn)為。Ithinkso.是固定搭配，意為“我這樣認(rèn)為”，符合題意。Think后面可以用so來避免重復(fù)已經(jīng)表達(dá)過的想法。與此用法相同的動(dòng)詞還有：hope，believe，suppose，imagine。所以，答案是C。

8.

Theprofessorisquitedifficultpleased.A.topleaseB.tobepleasedC.forpleasingD.pleasing正確答案：A[解析]本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。句意為：取悅教授相當(dāng)困難。此句真正的主語是不定式。此句的正常語序應(yīng)為：Topleasetheprofessorisdifficult.此句常寫作：Itisdifficulttopleasetheprofessor.因此，答案為A。

9.

Becauseeveryoneknows,factsspeaklouderthanwords.A.SinceB.ThatC.ItD.As正確答案：D[解析]查考連詞應(yīng)用。句意為：正如大家所知，事實(shí)勝于雄辯。根據(jù)句意，從句是方式狀語從句，而不應(yīng)是原因狀語從句。as在此作連詞，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“正如，按照……方式”，符合句意。所以，答案是D。

10.

Thetrapezeartistwhoranawaywiththeclownbrokeuptheliontamer'sheart.A.brokeawayB.brokedownC.brokeD.brokendown正確答案：C[解析]本題考查動(dòng)詞搭配。句意為：同小丑私奔的蕩秋千演員傷了馴獅員的心。breakup“打碎，終止”；breakaway“突然離開，放棄(習(xí)慣等)”；breakdown“毀掉，中止”；breakone'sheart“令某人傷心”，符合句意。所以，答案是C。

11.

Hisheavydrinkingandfondofgamblingmakeshimapoorrolemodel.A.andfactthathegamblesB.andthathegamblesC.andhegambleswhichD.andgambling正確答案：D[解析]本題考查平行結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。句意為：他嚴(yán)重的酒癮和毒癮使他成為一個(gè)壞典型。并列連詞and,but,aswellas,or等連接的應(yīng)是兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)同類的結(jié)構(gòu)，語法上稱為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。本句中and連接的是兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，做句子的并列主語。所以，答案是D。

12.

DepressionthatinflictspeoplewhobelievetheirliveslackcontentwhentherushofthebusyweekstopsreferredtobyaprominentpsychiatristasSundayNeurosis.A.hasbeenreferredtobyaprominentpsychiatristB.hasbeenreferredtoasbyaprominentpsychiatristC.aprominentpsychiatristhasreferredtoitD.ithasbeenreferredtobyaprominentpsychiatrist正確答案：A[解析]本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。本句是個(gè)復(fù)合句，分析句子成分可知，Depression是主語，thatinflictspeoplewhobelievetheirliveslackcontentwhentherushofthebusyweekstops為定語從句修飾主語；whobelievetheirliveslackcontent為定語從句修飾先行詞people；when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；因此，畫線部分為句子的謂語部分。因此，答案是A。

13.

Justasthereareoccupationsthatrequirecollegedegreesalsothereareoccupationsforwhichtechnicaltrainingisnecessary.A.sotothereareB.sotoothereareC.sothereareD.sotooarethere正確答案：B[解析]本題考查習(xí)慣搭配。句意為：正如有些職業(yè)需要大學(xué)學(xué)歷一樣，有些職業(yè)也需要專門的技術(shù)訓(xùn)練。justas...，so為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“正像……一樣，也”，so在此作also解，應(yīng)放在句首，后面的句子不倒裝，too在此表強(qiáng)調(diào)。所以，答案是B。

14.

MostoftheoldercivilizationswhichflourishedduringthefifthcenturyB.C.arediedout.A.theyhavediedoutB.hasdiedoutC.havediedoutD.theyhaddiedout正確答案：C[解析]本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。本句是個(gè)復(fù)合句，分析句子成分可知，Mostoftheoldercivilizations是主語，且為復(fù)數(shù)。whichflourishedduringthefifthcenturyB．C．為定語從句，修飾主語。因此，畫線部分應(yīng)作句子的謂語。因此，答案是C。

15.

Thestudentaskedherprofessorifhewouldhavegoneonthespaceshiphedidknowearlier.A.ifheknewB.ifheknowsC.hehadknownD.hadheknown正確答案：D[解析]本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。本句是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的假設(shè)，條件從句的謂語應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)hadknown。而if條件句中如有were,should,had,可將if省去，而把were,should,had提至句首。因此，答案是D。

16.

Properlightingisanecessaryforgoodeyesighteventhoughhumannightvisioncanbetemporarilyimpairedbyextremeflashesoflight.A.needfulB.necessityC.exigencyD.need正確答案：B[解析]本題考查詞語應(yīng)用。句意為：合適的照明是視力好的必要條件，盡管人類的夜視偶爾會(huì)被極端燈光的閃現(xiàn)損害。所填之詞在句中作表語，又由不定冠詞a限定，所以應(yīng)為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。A是形容詞，表示“必要的，需要的”，故排除；necessity“必要性，需要”，符合句意；exigency“苛求，緊急(事件)”；need“需要，必需”，為不可數(shù)名詞。因此，答案是B。

17.

Peoplewhosepropertyisstolenshouldreporttothepolice.A.hadstolenB.isbeingstolenC.hadbeenstolenD.hasbeenstolen正確答案：D[解析]本題考查時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用。句意為：東西被偷的人應(yīng)報(bào)警。因?yàn)闁|西已經(jīng)被偷，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，又因這是一般事實(shí)，所以應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。所以，答案為D。

18.

ThewinneroftheNobelPrizeinphysicsdedicatedthehonortohishighschoolphysicsteacher,hehadbeenaninspirationduringhisearlyyears.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that正確答案：A[解析]本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。分析句子成分可知，hehadbeenaninspirationduringhisearlyyears.為非限制性定語從句，此處需填入代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，因?yàn)閺木淙鄙僦髡Z，且主語為人，故選用關(guān)系代詞who.因此，答案是A。

19.

Thechildrenshouldsay"thankyou"toyouwhenyougavethemgifts.A.hadsaidB.besayingC.havesaidD.saying正確答案：C[解析]本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：當(dāng)你給孩子們禮物時(shí)，他們本應(yīng)該對(duì)你說“謝謝你”的?！皊hould/oughtto+have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”用來評(píng)論過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并未做的動(dòng)作，含有批評(píng)之意。言外之意是孩子們沒有說謝謝。因此，答案為C。

20.

Hepaintedhisbedroomblack.Itlooksdarkanddreary.Heshouldchooseadifferentcolor.A.hadtochooseB.shouldhavechosenC.musthavechosenD.couldhavebeenchoosing正確答案：B[解析]本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：他將自己的臥室粉刷成黑色，看上去黑暗且沉悶；他本應(yīng)選一個(gè)不同的顏色?！皊hould/oughtto+have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”用來對(duì)過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并未做的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行評(píng)論，含有批評(píng)之意。因此，答案為B。

Section2:ReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.Thenblankenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.

Inarecentsurvey,GarberandHohzconcludedthattheaveragehalf-hourchildren'stelevisionshowcontains47violentacts.WhenaskedaboutthesurveynetworktelevisionexecutiveJeanPaterresponded."Isureasheckdon'tthinkthatBugsBunny'spouringaglassofmilkoverachip-munk'sheadisviolence."Unfortunately,bothGarberandHoltzandPaterbegthequestion.Therealissueiswhetherchildrenviewsuchactsasviolence.

Theviolenceprogrammingaimedatchildrenalmostalwaysappearsinthecontextoffantasy.Cartoonviolencegenerallyincludesanimation,humor,andaremotesetting.Thereisnoevidenceofdirectimitationoftelevisionviolencebychildren,thoughthereisevidencethatfantasyviolencecanenergizepreviouslylearnedaggressiveresponsesuchasaphysicalattackonanotherchildduringplay.Itisbynomeansclear,however,thattheviolenceinaportrayalissolelyresponsibleforthisenergizingeffect.Rather,theevidencesuggeststhatanyexcitingmaterialcantriggersubsequentaggressivebehaviorandthatitistheexcitationratherthantheportrayalofviolencethatinstigatesorenergizesanysubsequentviolentbehavior."Cold"imitationofviolencebychildrenisextremelyrare,andtheveryoccasionalevidenceofdirect,imitativeassociationsbetweentelevisionviolenceandaggressivebehaviorhasbeenlimitedtoextremelynovelandviolentactsbyteenagersoradultswithalreadyestablishedpatternsofdeviantbehavior.Theinstitutionaleffectmeans,intheshortterm,thatexposuretoviolentportrayalscouldbedangerousifshortlyaftertheexposure(within15to20minutes),thechildhappenstobeinasituationthatcallsforinterpersonalaggression'asanappropriateresponse,forexample,anargumentbetweensiblingsoramongpeers.Thissameinstitutionaleffect,however,couldbeproducedbyotherexcitingbutnonviolenttelevisioncontentorbyanyotherexcitationalsource,including,ironically,aparent'sturningofftheset.

Sothereisnoconvincingcausalevidenceofanycumulativeinstigationaleffectssuchasmoreaggressiveorviolentdispositionsinchildren.Infact,passivityisamorelikelylongtermresultofheavyviewingoftelevisionviolence.Theevidencedoesnotwarrantthestrongconclusionsadvancedbymanycriticswhotendtousetelevisionviolenceasascapegoattodrawpublicattentionawayfromtherealcausesofviolence—causeslikeabusivespousesandparentsandaculturethatcelebratesviolencegenerally.1.

Theword"beg"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.doubtB.confirmC.agreeD.disagree正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段的內(nèi)容“Unfortunately，bothGarberandHoltzandPaterbegthequestion”可知，不幸的是，他們質(zhì)疑這個(gè)問題。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“懷疑”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“確認(rèn)”，C項(xiàng)“同意”，D項(xiàng)“不同意，反對(duì)”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

2.

Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.A.correctapopularmisconceptionB.solveaserioussocialproblemC.criticizesomeearlierresearchD.proposesometheoriesoncrime正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Therealissueiswhetherchildrenviewsuchactsasviolence.”和最后一段第一句“Sothereisnoconvincingcausalevidenceofanycumulativeinstigationaleffectssuchasmoreaggressiveorviolentdispositionsinchildren.”可知，真正的問題在于孩子是否將這樣的行為看做暴力。然而，并沒有令人信服的證據(jù)證明這些暴力和侵略性的行為在孩子身上有累積的刺激影響。所以A項(xiàng)“糾正一種普遍的誤解”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“解決一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問題”，C項(xiàng)“批評(píng)一些早期的研究”，D項(xiàng)“提出一些犯罪理論”，文章的目的只是糾正一種社會(huì)普遍的誤解，而不是其他，所以這三項(xiàng)都不正確。

3.

Thephase"bynomeans"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.notatallB.alittleC.notD.apparently正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“Itisbynomeansclear，however，”可知，然而，這根本不清楚。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“根本不”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“一點(diǎn)”，C項(xiàng)“否”，D項(xiàng)“明顯地”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

4.

Accordingtotheauthor,theimmediateeffectofTVcartoonsonchildrenisthattheybecome______.A.violentB.excitedC.imaginativeD.aggressive正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“theevidencesuggeststhatanyexcitingmaterialcantriggersubsequentaggressivebehaviorandthatitistheexcitationratherthantheportrayalofviolencethatinstigatesorenergizesanysubsequentviolentbehavior.”可知，電視動(dòng)畫片讓孩子們感到興奮，所以B項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“變得暴力”，C項(xiàng)“變得有創(chuàng)造力”，D項(xiàng)“變得好斗”，這和文中第二段內(nèi)容不符合。

5.

Theword"ironically"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.sarcasticallyB.surprisingC.astoundingD.sneering正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“including．ironically，aparent'sturningofftheset”可知，具有諷刺意味的是，父母關(guān)掉開關(guān)。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“諷刺地”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“吃驚地”，C項(xiàng)“震驚地”，D項(xiàng)“輕蔑地”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

6.

Theboldfacedword"appropriate"inParagraph2means______.A.moralB.agreeableC.normalD.polite正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“thechildhappenstobeinasituationthatcallsforinterpersonalaggressionasanappropriateresponse,forexample,anargumentbetweensiblingsoramongpeers”可以推斷出appropriate在此處的意思是“適當(dāng)?shù)摹?，C項(xiàng)“正常的；正規(guī)的，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的”和它意思相近。A項(xiàng)“道德的；精神上的；品性端正的”。B項(xiàng)“令人愉快的；和藹可親的”，D項(xiàng)“有禮貌的，客氣的；文雅的；上流的；優(yōu)雅的”。這三項(xiàng)和appropriate意思都不同。

7.

IfthereisanargumentbetweensiblingsonehouraftertheirwatchingsomeTVviolence,thesechildrenwould______.A.likelyfallintoastateoftotalpassivitytotheirparentsB.likelybehavelessaggressivelythanonotheroccasionsC.unlikelyresorttoanyviolentactionsbutkeeppeacefulD.unlikelybemoreviolentthanwithoutwatchingtheprogram正確答案：D[解析]根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“intheshortterm，thatexposuretoviolentportrayalscouldbedangerousifshortlyaftertheexposure(within15

to20minutes)”可知，在短時(shí)間內(nèi)，如果孩子們看完暴力影片之后不久(15～20分鐘)就陷入暴力之中，那是危險(xiǎn)的。但是，題目所說是一個(gè)小時(shí)后，所以D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“好像陷入一種完全對(duì)父母的被動(dòng)狀態(tài)中”，B項(xiàng)“比其他場(chǎng)合攻擊性好像弱了”，C項(xiàng)“不可能陷入暴力活動(dòng)中，只是保持和平狀態(tài)”，這三項(xiàng)和文中第二段內(nèi)容不符合。

8.

Theword"scapegoat"underlinedinthelastParagraphrefersto______.A.someonepunishedfortheerrorsofothersB.victimC.casualtyD.crew正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中最后一段的內(nèi)容“Theevidencedoesnotwarrantthestrongconclusionsadvancedbymanycriticswhotendtousetelevisionviolenceasascapegoattodrawpublicattentionawayfromtherealcausesofviolence”可知，電視暴力成了替罪羊。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“替別人的錯(cuò)誤受到懲罰的人”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“受害者”，C項(xiàng)“傷亡者”，D項(xiàng)“工作人員”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

9.

Astheevidenceshows,whowouldmostlikelyimitateTVviolence?A.Thechildrenwhoaretheonlychildofthefamily.B.Thechildrenwhoareextraordinarilyimaginative.C.Thechildrenwholiketoactagainsttherules.D.ThechildrenwholikefantasyTVprograms.正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“violentactsbyteenagersoradultswithalreadyestablishedpatternsofdeviantbehavior.”可知，那些喜歡違背規(guī)則的孩子容易模仿電視暴力，所以C正確。A項(xiàng)“家庭里的獨(dú)生子女”，B項(xiàng)“非常有創(chuàng)造力的孩子”，D項(xiàng)“喜歡幻想電視節(jié)目的孩子”，這三項(xiàng)都不符合文意和題意。

10.

Thelastparagraphindicatesthetruththat______.A.TVviolencemakessomechildrenmoreviolentandothersmorepassiveB.thelong-termexposuretoTVviolenceisthemajorcauseofviolenceC.violencehaslittletodowithTVbutmuchwithchildren'snatureD.thefamilyandsocialenvironmentplayabigroleinchildren'sviolence正確答案：D[解析]根據(jù)文中最后一段的內(nèi)容“Theevidencedoesnotwarrantthestrongconclusionsadvancedbymanycriticswhotendtousetelevisionviolenceasascapegoattodrawpublicattentionawayfromtherealcausesofviolence-causeslikeabusivespousesandparentsandaculturethatcelebratesviolencegenerally.”可知，暴力的真正原因是：虐待配偶和父母，以及經(jīng)常贊美暴力的文化環(huán)境。也就是說，家庭和社會(huì)環(huán)境在孩子的暴力行為上占據(jù)重要角色，所以應(yīng)該選擇D。A項(xiàng)“電視暴力使一些孩子變得更暴力，另一些更被動(dòng)”，B項(xiàng)“長(zhǎng)期暴露在電視暴力中是孩子暴力的主要原因”，C項(xiàng)“暴力和電視關(guān)系很小，但是和孩子的本性關(guān)系很大”，這三項(xiàng)和文中最后一段內(nèi)容不符合。

Thefieldofmedicinehasalwaysattracteditsshareofquacksandcharlatans—disreputablewomenandmenwithlittleornomedicalknowledgewhopromisequickcuresatcheapprices.Thereasonswhyquackerythriveseveninmodemtimesareeasytofind.

Tobeginwith,painseemstobeachronichumancondition.Apersonwhosebodyormindhurtswilloftenpayanyamountofmoneyforthepromiseofrelief.Second,eventhebestmedicaltreatmentcannotcurealltheillsthatbesetmenandwomen.Peoplewhomistrustordislikethetruthsthattheirphysicianstellthemoftenturntomoresympatheticears.

Manypeoplelackthetrainingnecessarytoevaluatemedicalclaims.Giventhechoicebetween(a)areputablephysicianwhosaysacureforcancerwillbelong,expensiveandmaynotworkatall,and(b)asalespersonwhosaysthatseveralbottlesofasecretformula"snakeoil"willcurenotonlycancerbuttuberculosisaswell,someindividualswilloptfor"snakeoil".

Many"snakeoil"remediesarehighlylacedwithalcoholornarcoticdrugs.Anyonewhodrinksthemmaygetsodrunkorstonedthattheydrowntheirpainsintherisingtideofpleasantintoxication.Littlewonderthat"snakeoil"isapopularcure-allforminorachesandhurts!Butlettherebenomisunderstandings.Averyfew"homeremedies"actuallywork.However,mostremediessoldbyquacksarenotonlyuseless,butoftencanbeharmfulaswell.11.

Inthispassage,aquackoracharlatanissomeonewho______.A.hasaspecialabilityB.haslittleknowledgeC.isnotagooddoctorD.pretendstobeadoctor正確答案：D[解析]本題考查詞義理解。根據(jù)文章第一句話“Thefieldofmedicinehasalwaysattracteditsshareofquacksandcharlatans-disreputablewomenandmenwithlittleornomedicalknow-ledgewhopromisequickcuresatcheapprices.”可知，庸醫(yī)和騙子是指那些本身缺乏醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)或沒有醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)卻又許諾能以較低的價(jià)錢快速治愈病人的聲名狼藉的人。據(jù)此推斷，答案是D。

12.

Thesentence"painseemstobeachronichumancondition"meanspainseemsto______.A.beveryseriousB.beverydifficultC.lastforalongtimeD.bealwayshappening正確答案：D[解析]本題考查詞義理解。根據(jù)“painseemstobeachronichumancondition”可知，痛苦好像是一種不斷發(fā)生的人類狀態(tài)。chronic“習(xí)慣性的，慢性的，長(zhǎng)期的”。A項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)肅的”；B項(xiàng)“十分苦難的”；C項(xiàng)“持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”；D項(xiàng)“總是發(fā)生”。所以，答案是D。

13.

Quackerythriveseveninmodemtimesbecause______.A.patientspayanyamountofmoneyB.patientsdonotliketheirphysiciansC.quackssaythattheycanhelppatientsD.bestmedicaltreatmentcostsverymuch正確答案：C[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段最后一句和第二段中的“Therea