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翻譯三級筆譯綜合能力模擬23ⅠVocabularyandGrammarPart1VocabularySelection1.

Thepicnic______atlastafterb(江南博哥)eingtwicepostponed.A.cameoffB.cameupC.putonD.wenton正確答案:A[解析]cameoff舉行,實現(xiàn);cameup發(fā)生,出現(xiàn);puton穿上,增加;wenton繼續(xù),發(fā)生。

2.

Formanypeople,overeatingandoverspendingareas______toChristmasascandiesandholly.A.integralB.suitableC.inevitableD.compatible正確答案:A[解析]integral整體的,組成的,必備的;suitable適當?shù)模嗯涞?;inevitable不可避免的;compatible協(xié)調(diào)的。

3.

Mywifedidn't______withwhatyousuggestedtous.A.agreetoB.believeinC.listentoD.argueabout正確答案:A[解析]習語辨析

A.a(chǎn)greeto同意,允諾;B.believein相信;C.listento聽;D.a(chǎn)rgueabout爭論;因此A為答案。

4.

______famousqueensinthehistoryofEngland:ElizabethIandVictoria.A.TwoB.TherearetwoC.BetweentwoareD.Aretwo正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識別

此句意為:在英國歷史上有兩個著名的女王:伊麗莎白一世和維多利亞女王。選項A,C,D都無法和后續(xù)部分構(gòu)成完整句,因此答案為B。

5.

Oneimpactthattheburningof______fuelshashadontheEarth'senvironmenthasbeentheincreaseofcarbondioxideintheearth'satmosphere.A.vehicleB.oilC.gasD.fossil正確答案:D[解析]固定搭配fossil化石;但fossilfuels是固定用法,表示:(煤、石油、天然氣等)礦物燃料;本句意為:(煤、石油、天然氣等)礦物燃料的燃燒對地球環(huán)境的一個影響就是加大了地球大氣層中二氧化碳的含量。因此D為答案。

6.

ThoughAmericansdonotcurrently______abortionsdirectly,costsarecarriedbyotherAmericansthroughhigherinsurancepremiums.A.implementB.terminateC.prohibitD.subsidize正確答案:D[解析]本句意思為,“雖然美國人現(xiàn)在不直接______人工流產(chǎn),但是費用由其他美國人通過高額保險金來承擔?!本渥忧昂笫寝D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,后面提到“費用由其他美國人通過高額保險金來承擔”,前面應當是指“不直接給予經(jīng)濟上支持”,只有subsidize“資助,給……補助金”符合題意。implement意為“貫徹,執(zhí)行”;terminate意為“終止”;prohibit意為“禁止”。三者均與題意不符。

7.

Wheneverthegovernmentincreasespublicservices,______becausemoreworkersareneededtocarryouttheseservices.A.employmenttoriseB.employmentrisesC.whichrisingemploymentD.theriseofemployment正確答案:B[解析]語法應用。

逗號前是一個讓步狀語從句,because又引導一個原因狀語從句,因此所填之處應為一個完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu);B為答案。

8.

Acompleteinvestigationintothecausesoftheaccidentshouldleadtoimprovedstandardsandshould______newoperatingprocedures.A.matchwithB.resultinC.subjecttoD.proceedwith正確答案:B[解析]習語搭配A.matchwith與……相匹配;B.resultin導致;C.subjectto使服從,使遭受;D.proceedwith繼續(xù)進行;而本句意為:對事故原因展開全面調(diào)查會導致標準改善和操作新程序的產(chǎn)生。因此B為答案。

9.

WhileMaggie,awhite-collarworker,wasathomeafterwork,she______doingsomethingtodoingnothing.A.likedB.favoredC.tendedD.preferred正確答案:D[解析]固定搭配A.like喜歡,后面可跟todosth./doingsth.,但sth.后不再跟表示比較的todoingnothing;D.favor是及物動詞,表示:喜愛,支持,贊成;例:favoraproposal贊成提議;C.tend照管,護理,往往是,趨向;常與to連用,tendtodosomething,例:Peopletendtoneedlesssleepastheygetolder.(人們隨著年齡的增大所需睡眠越來越短);D.preferr有許多用法:prefertodosomething,例:Iprefertowearclothesmadeofnaturalfibers.我喜歡穿天然織物制成的服裝;preferdoingsomething,例:Chantalpreferstravellingbytrain.Chantal喜歡坐火車旅行;prefersomebody/somethingtosomebody/something,例:Achildthatprefershisimaginaryworldtoreality.一個喜歡假象世界甚于現(xiàn)實世界的孩子;本句意為:身為一名白領(lǐng)的Maggie下班回家后總喜歡于點兒什么,不太喜歡什么都不干。因此選項D為答案。

10.

Thisdistinguisheddirector______theplotfortheprizewinningfilmwhilehewasstillacollegestudent.A.conceivedB.constitutedC.reflectedD.calculated正確答案:A[解析]conceived構(gòu)思;constituted組成;reflected反應,反省;calculated計算,考慮。

11.

Thespeaker______havecriticizedtheparaprofessionals,knowingfullwellthattheywereseatedintheaudience.A.shouldnottoB.mustnotC.oughtnottoD.maynot正確答案:C[解析]近義辨析。

此處需注意情態(tài)動詞的用法:ought(not)/to與should(not)后接完成時態(tài)意思相同,表示為本應做某事兒而未做(或本不應做而做了)感到遺憾,因此應選C。

12.

Container-grownplantscanbeplantedatanytimeoftheyear,but______inwinter.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.preferredD.preferably正確答案:D[解析]詞義辨析。

shouldbe/wouldbe應是;preferred首選的(adj.);preferably更適宜,最好是(adv.);因此應填D。

13.

He______veryquicklyafterhisillness.A.recoveredB.discoveredC.uncoveredD.covered正確答案:A[解析]A項recover“恢復(健康)”,B項discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,C項uncover“揭示”,D項cover“覆蓋”。

14.

Initsbroadestsense,attributiontheoryisconcernedwithhowordinarypeoplemakesenseoftheworldandit______morecontrollableandpredictablebymakingattributionsastothecausesofpeople'sbehaviorsandevents.A.deliveredB.renderedC.practicedD.suffocated正確答案:B[解析]deliver傳送;render使處于某種狀態(tài);practice練習,實踐;suffocate使窒息。

15.

By______computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthim$2,000.A.coarseB.rudeC.crudeD.rough正確答案:D[解析]byroughcomputation粗略計算;coarse粗糙的,粗鄙的;rude粗魯?shù)?;crude天然的,未加工的,拙劣的。

16.

Myfriendwasgone______afterstayinginthesamehouseforoversixmonths.A.forgoodB.forallC.onendD.onthespot正確答案:A[解析]固定搭配

A.forgood永久地,一勞永逸地;B.forall盡管;C.onend連續(xù)地;D.onthespot當場;因此A為答案。

17.

Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewould______beabletowalk.A.innotimeB.byallmeansC.innowayD.onanyaccount正確答案:C[解析]innoway決不,一點也不。A.innotime立刻,馬上;B.byallmeans當然,一定;D.onanyaccount無論如何。

18.

Theshippingclerksmustknowwhichorders______.A.takepriorityB.forwaitC.arepaidforD.requirelittleattention正確答案:A[解析]固定搭配

A.takepriority比……居先;B.waitfor等待;C.bepaidfor被償還,被賠償;D.requirelittleattention不需注意;因此答案為A。

19.

TrainingprogramsfortheU.S.PeaceCorpsareconductedinthecountryorregion______thevolunteerwillserve.A.andB.orC.thatisD.where正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識別

所填之詞與后面的部分構(gòu)成定語從句,修飾前面的中心詞thecountryorregion,因此需填一個引導定語從句、表示地點的關(guān)系副詞,因此D為答案。

20.

Despitehisoccasionalfondnessforgambling,heisstillconsideredasagoodboy______.A.asthewholeB.forthewholeC.bythewholeD.onthewhole正確答案:D[解析]D項的“onthewhole”是一個固定的短語,意為“總的看來,大體上”。

Part2VocabularyReplacement1.

Youmustbetired,buttrytohangontillallthework'sfinished.A.stopworkingB.keepworkingC.waitD.rest正確答案:B

2.

DoubleEagleII,thefirsttransatlanticballoon,wasgreetedbyavidcrowdsinFrance.A.eagerB.surgingC.creativeD.vigorous正確答案:A[解析]形容詞辨析

A.eager渴望的,熱切的;B.surging洶涌的,起伏的;C.creative創(chuàng)造性的;D.vigorous精力旺盛的,有力的;而avid表示:渴望的,急切的;因此A為答案。

3.

Anytroopofwildanimalsshouldbeapproachedwarily.A.fearlesslyB.confidentlyC.silentlyD.prudently正確答案:D[解析]本題中,warily的意思是“小心警惕地”。D項“prudently謹慎地,慎重地”符合題意,如:bemodestandprudent(謙虛謹慎)。其他三項“fearlessly勇敢地;confidently信賴地,安心地;silently默默地,靜靜地”都不正確。

4.

Imaginemyvexationwhentheysaidtheywouldcometodinnerandthendidn'tshow.A.enlightenmentB.astonishmentC.annoyanceD.contrariness正確答案:C[解析]本題中,vexation的意思是“惱怒,煩惱”。C項“annoyance煩惱,惱怒”符合題意。其他三項“enlightenment啟迪,教化;astonishment驚訝;contrariness反對”都不正確。

5.

IfwelookattheChineseandBritishconceptsofhospitality,wefindonemajorsimilaritybutanumberofimportantdifferences.A.hostilityB.friendlinessC.mannerD.culture正確答案:B[解析]名詞辨析。

hospitality好客,宜人,盛情,A.hostility敵意,不友善,敵對;B.friendli-ness友誼,友善,親切;C.manner禮貌,風格,方式;D.culture文化,文明,因此選項B為答案。

6.

Motivationisthedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.A.impedesB.interferesC.holdsD.pushes正確答案:D[解析]動詞辨析。

impels推動,推進,激勵,趨勢;A.impedes阻止,B.interferes干涉,妨礙,抵觸,C.holds保存,把握;D.pushes推動,推行,逼迫;因此選項D為答案。

7.

Thejurorscametoadeadlockinthedefendant'strialformurder.A.adecisionofguiltyB.adecisiontopunishbyelectrocutionC.animpasseD.anunusualverdict正確答案:C[解析]本題中,deadlock的意思是“僵局”。C項的“impasse僵局”符合題意,如:Reachedanimpasseinthenegotiations.(談判陷入了僵局。)其他三項“guilty有罪的;electrocution電刑;verdict裁決,判決”都不正確。

8.

Hemaskedhisfearbyashowofconfidence.A.demonstratedB.betrayedC.putupwithD.concealed正確答案:D[解析]選項conceal“隱藏”和mask“掩飾”意義相近。其他選項demonstrate“展示”、betray“出賣”和putupwith“忍受”均與其詞義相距甚遠。

9.

Contrarytopopularbelief,assumptionthatwearenotaloneintheuniverseisasoldasphilosophyitself.A.consumptionB.predictionC.provisionD.speculation正確答案:D[解析]形近識別

assumption假定,設想;而A.consumption消費,消費量;B.prediction預言,預報;C.provision供應,供應品;D.speculation思索,構(gòu)思,推測。所以答案為D。

10.

Asageneralrule,SeptemberistheworstmonthoftheyearforhurricanesintheGulf.A.NormallyB.OnrareoccasionsC.InvariablyD.Sometimes正確答案:A[解析]副詞辨析。

asageneralrule=ingeneral一般說來,大體上,通常:normally正常地,通常地;onoccasions偶爾,有時,間或:invariably不變地,sometimes不是,有時;因此選項A為答案。

11.

Theonlyproblemwiththedebatelastweekwasthatthebeginningsoundedmorelikeapersonalattackthanadispassionate,intellectualarguing.A.discussionB.argumentC.talkD.speech正確答案:B[解析]名詞辨析。

arguing是argue的動名詞,表辯論,爭論(強調(diào)提出事實、理由、證據(jù)來支持或駁斥某一觀點);discussion討論(主要表慎重地談論,融洽地交流),argument爭論,辯論,論點;talk講話,會談,speech演說,講話,這里用名詞替換動名詞,所以答案是B。

12.

ShouldEnglishclassesbecompulsoryattheelementaryorprimaryschoollevelincountrieswhereitisnotthenativelanguage?A.requiredB.necessaryC.selectedD.permanent正確答案:A[解析]句中詞“compulsory”表示“必修課”。A項“required”表示“必修的”;B項“necessary”表示“必需的”,指必不可少;C項“selected”表示“挑選的”;D項“permanent”表示“永久的”。所以應該選A。[譯文]在那些不以英語作為母語的國家的小學里,英語課應當是必修課嗎?

13.

Humanistsarguethathumanhistoryismarkedbyacontinuousconflictbetweenscientificandtechnologicalingenuityandthedemandsofthespirit.A.notedbyB.conformedwithC.certifiedbyD.characterizedby正確答案:D[解析]固定搭配

markedby以……為標志的;A.notedby被……記錄下,被……特別提到,留意;B.conformedwith遵從,適應,與……一致;C.certifiedby由……鑒定的;D.characterizedby以……為特性的。因此答案為D。

14.

Ifyoucontinuetoindulgeincomputergameslikethis,yourfuturewillbeatstake.A.withoutquestionB.indangerC.onguardD.atlarge正確答案:B[解析]本題的四個選項都是介詞短語。B項的意思是“在危險中”,與“atstake危險”的意思相吻合。A項“毫無疑問”;C項“警惕,防范”;D項“詳盡地,普遍地;未被捕獲的”都與題干中的詞義不符。

15.

Attheendofthevalleyweturnedright,andmadeforthesummit.A.headedforB.wentforC.lookedforD.searchedfor正確答案:A[解析]習語辨析

makefor意為:

(尤指匆匆地)走向;A.headfor出發(fā),動身,前往;B.gofor去找;C.lookfor尋找;D.searchfor搜查,搜索;因此答案為A。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrors1.

WhenIlastsawthem,thepolicehadchasedtherobbersdownColumbusStreet.A.werechasingB.waschasingC.chasedD.wereonachase正確答案:A[解析]時態(tài)應用。

在由when引導的時間狀語從句的句子中,主句和從句的謂語動詞的動作是有先后次序的:如狀語從句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,主句應用過去時,本句表示過去正在做的動作所以應用過去進行時,又因主語thepolice即狀語中的them,所以謂語為復數(shù),答案應為A。

2.

Hesays,youmusttakeinthoseresponsibilities.A.takeawayB.takeonC.takeoutD.takeoff正確答案:B[解析]習語搭配。

本句意為:他說,你必須承擔起這些責任。takeaway拿走,減去;takeon承擔,從事,具有;takeout拿出,取出,除去;takeoff起飛,脫下,匆匆離去,取消;因此選項B是答案。

3.

ThattouchingtoadscauseswartsarestilloneofthemostwidelybelievedsuperstitionsinAmerica.A.hasB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.is正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應用

本句是由that引導的名詞性從句作主語,表語也是單數(shù)形式,講得又是事實,因此謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時的單數(shù)形式;D為答案。

4.

ThepicturesoftheLochNessMonstershowaremarkableresemblancetoaplesiosaur,alargewaterreptileoftheMesozoicerapresumingextinctformorethan70millionyears.A.supposedB.presumablyC.presumptuousD.ispresumed正確答案:B[解析]副詞應用。

Suppose和presume均表“假定,認為”,但presume更側(cè)重“猜想”;presuming作形容詞時,與presumptuous是同義詞,表“專橫的’,但在本句中presuming不是形容詞,而是分詞,修飾形容詞extinct,表“假定的”,故選項B.presumably“大概”是答案。

5.

Theplanewascirclingoverthelandingfieldfor15minuteswhenthepilotwastoldthatheshouldusetheWestsideField.A.isB.wouldbeC.hasbeenD.hadbeen正確答案:D[解析]本句意為:當這架飛機的飛行員被告知可以使用西郊機場時,他駕駛的飛機已在著陸地的上空盤旋了15分鐘。在此因為表示“過去的過去”,應該用過去完成時。因此D為答案。

6.

Agooddictionarywillhelpyouupinyourreading.A.inB.outC.downD.through正確答案:B[解析]helpsb.out(幫助某人解決難題/擺脫困境);而helpsb.down(攙扶某人下來)。所以選項B為答案。

7.

Whenthisagreementissigned,acircularwillbepreparedforgiventoourcustomers.A.givenoutB.givenoffC.dispatchesD.distribution正確答案:D[解析]本題考查詞義辨析和固定搭配。句意為:簽署協(xié)議后,我們會準備一份通知以分配給客戶。由介詞for可知,此處應填名詞,故排除A、B、C三項。本句中的distribution與to搭配。所以,答案為D。

8.

Ordinarypeoplearenowlackingofthescientificknowledgeaboutnutrition.A.shortwithB.areabsentofC.lackinD.aredeficienton正確答案:C[解析]固定搭配

lackin在……缺少[不足];所以選項C為答案。

9.

Modernindustrialmethodshavesupplantedindividualcrafts,madeblacksmiths,stone-carvers,coopersandcobblersvirtuallyextinct.A.thatmadeB.makeC.whichmakingD.making正確答案:D[解析]本題考查非謂語動詞。句意為:現(xiàn)代工業(yè)方法代替了個人手藝,這使鐵匠,石頭雕刻者、銅匠和補鞋匠幾乎滅絕了。這里是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。所以,答案是D。

10.

Havingfinishedlunch,thecasewasdiscussed.A.theydiscussedthecaseB.theyhaddiscussedthecaseC.thecasewasdiscussedD.thecasehadbeendiscussed正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應用。

現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語時,其邏輯主語應與句中主語一致。句中只能是they在discuss,分詞邏輯主語是they,句子主語也應是they;所以選項C、D均不對;而前半句用的是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前,所以選項A是答案。

11.

AsanEnglishmajorstudentatoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina,IstronglybelievethatbusinessEnglishismorepracticalthanotherfields.A.astudentinEnglishB.amajorEnglishstudentC.anEnglishmajorD.anEnglishstudentmajor正確答案:C[解析]本題考查固定用法。句意為:作為在中國最有名的大學之一中就讀的一個英語專業(yè)的學生,我強烈認為商務英語比其他課程更實用?!皩I(yè)+major”表示“某專業(yè)的學生”的意思,為固定用法。所以,答案為C。

12.

Whenanorganismiscompletelyencapsulatedandpreserved,itbecomesafossil,thereforeturningintoevidenceofthingsthatoncelived.A.therebyB.asaresultofC.soD.intheend正確答案:A[解析]副詞應用。

Therefore和thereby均為副詞,表“因此”,但therefore后通常跟一個句子:而thereby后常接現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。asaresultof由于(asaresult才表“因此”),因此A為答案。

13.

NewYorkCitysurpassedtheotherAtlanticseaportsinpartlybecauseitdevelopedthebesttransportationlinkswiththeinteriorofthecountry.A.partB.partialC.partnerD.parting正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應用。

本句意為:紐約市在有些方面勝過其他大西洋沿岸的港口城市,因為它與其他內(nèi)陸城市發(fā)展起了最好的交通聯(lián)系。在此要表達“部分地,在有些方面”,應用partly或inpart(介詞in后不能用副詞partly,應當用名詞part);而partial部分的,局部的,偏袒的;partner合伙人,股東;parting分別,分歧出;因此選項A是答案。

14.

"Butyou'llbeabletocome,won'tyou?

Yes,Ithinksuch."A.thatB.itC.soD.this正確答案:C[解析]本題考查習慣搭配。句意為:但是你回來的,對嗎?是的,我這么認為。Ithinkso.是固定搭配,意為“我這樣認為”,符合題意。Think后面可以用so來避免重復已經(jīng)表達過的想法。與此用法相同的動詞還有:hope,believe,suppose,imagine。所以,答案是C。

15.

Marthahasmadeuphermindtobuyherfavoritefurniture,disregardhowmuchmoneyshewouldpay.A.nomatterhowmuchitcostsB.nomatterhowmuchdoesitcostC.nomatterhowitcostsD.nomatterhowdoesitcost正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應用本句意為:Martha下決心不論她喜歡的家具有多貴也要買下來。因此首先排除選項C、D;另:劃線部分在句中作狀語從句,而不是一個獨立的疑問句,因此應用陳述句式,答案為A。

ⅡReadingComprehension

"Agoodnewspaperisanationtalkingtoitself,"musedArthurMillerin1961.

Adecadelater,tworeportersfromtheWashingtonPostwroteaseriesofarticlesthatbroughtdownPresidentNixonandthestatusofprintjournalismsoared.Attheirbest,newspapersholdgovernmentsandcompaniestoaccount.Theyusuallysetthenewsagendafortherestofthemedia.Butintherichworldnewspapersarenowanendangeredspecies.

Ofalltheoldmedia,newspapershavethemosttolosefromtheInternet.CirculationhasbeenfallingintheU.S.,WesternEuropeandLatinAmericafordecades.Butinthepastfewyearsthewebhashastenedthedecline.InhisbookTheVanishingNewspaper,PhilipMeyercalculatesthatthefirstquarterof2043willbethemomentwhennewsprintdiesintheU.S.asthelastexhaustedreadertossesasidethelastcrumplededition.

Newspapershavenotyetstartedtoshutdowninlargenumbers,butitisonlyamatteroftime.Overthenextfewdecadeshalftherichworld'sgeneralpapersmayfold.Jobsarealreadydisappearing.AccordingtotheNewspaperAssociationofAmerica,thenumberofpeopleemployedintheindustryfellby18%between1990and2004.

Havingignoredrealityforyears,newspapersareatlastdoingsomething.Inordertocutcosts,theyarealreadyspendinglessonjournalism.Manyarealsotryingtoattractyoungerreadersbyshiftingthemixoftheirstoriestowardsentertainment,lifestyleandsubjectsthatmayseemmorerelevanttopeople'sdailylivesthaninternationalaffairsandpoliticsare.Theyaretryingtocreatenewbusinesseson-andoffline.Andtheyareinvestinginfreedallypapers.Sofar,thisfitofactivitylooksunlikelytosavemanyofthem.Evenifitdoest,itbodesillforthepublicroleoftheFourthEstate.

Nobodyshouldrelishthedemiseofonce-greattitles.Butthedeclineofnewspaperswillnotbeasharmfultosocietyassomefear.Democracy,remember,hasalreadysurvivedthehugetelevision-leddeclineincirculationsincethe1950s.Ithassurvivedasreadershaveshunnedpapersandpapershaveshunnedwhatwasinstuffiertimesthoughtofasseriousnews.Anditwillsurelysurvivethedeclinetocome.

Theusefulnessofthepressgoesmuchwiderthaninvestigatingabusesorevenspreadinggeneralnews;itliesinholdinggovernmentstoaccount--tryingtheminthecourtofpublicopinion.TheInternethasexpandedthiscourt.Anyonelookingforinformationhasneverbeenbetterequipped.Peoplenolongerhavetotrustahandfulofnationalpapersor,worse,theirlocalcitypaper.

Infuture,somehigh-qualityjournalismwillbebackedbynon-profitorganizations.Already,afewrespectednewsorganizationssustainthemselvesthatway.Anelitegroupofseriousnewspapersavailableeverywhereonline,independentjournalismbackedbycharities,thousandsoffired-upbloggersandwell-informedcitizenjournalists:thereiseverysignthatArthurMiller'snationalconversationwillbelouderthanever.1.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor'sidea?A.Themostusefulbitofthemediaisdisappearing.B.Thisisacauseforconcern,butnotforpanic.C.NewspapershavethewholelottolosefromtheInternet.D.NewspapersholdGovernmentsandcompaniestoaccounts.正確答案:C[解析]是非題型A的內(nèi)容在第一段中有提及;B的內(nèi)容在第五、六段中有提及;D的內(nèi)容在第一段中有提及;而C的內(nèi)容在第二段第一句中有提及卻是錯的,因此C為答案。

2.

Atthebeginningofthepassage,whichuseofnewspapersdidtheauthorNOTmention?A.Agoodnewspaperislikeanationalconversation.B.Theydothebusinessofsellingwordstoreadersandsellingreaderstoadvertisers.C.Theyholdgovernmentsandcompaniesresponsibleforwhattheyhavedone.D.Theyusuallysetthenewsagendafortherestofthemedia.正確答案:B[解析]是非題型A的內(nèi)容在第一段的第一句中有提及;C的內(nèi)容在第三句中有提及;D的內(nèi)容在第四句中有提及;只有B的內(nèi)容沒有提及,因此B為答案。

3.

TheauthorcitesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______toshowthatnewspapersarenotkilled.A.newspapershavethemosttolosefromtheInternetB.thewebhashastenedthedeclineofthecirculationC.newspaperswon'tdieoutintheU.S.until2043D.evermoreyoungpeoplearegettingtheirnewsonline正確答案:D[解析]是非題型A的內(nèi)容在第二段的第一句中有提及;B的內(nèi)容在第二段第二、三句中有提及;C的內(nèi)容在第二段最后一句中有提及;只有D的內(nèi)容沒有提及,因此D為答案。

4.

NewspapersaretryingtosavethemselvesbydoingthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.shiftingthemixofthereportstowardslifestyleandentertainmentB.planningmoresubjectsrelevanttodailylivesandpoliticsC.creatingnewprogramson-andoffiineD.investingindailypapersfreeofcharge正確答案:B[解析]是非題型A的內(nèi)容在第四段的第三句中有提及;C的內(nèi)容在第四段第四句中有提及;D的內(nèi)容在第四段第五句中有提及;只有B的內(nèi)容沒有提及,因此B為答案。

5.

Allthemeasurestakenare______tosavemanyofthenewspapers.A.improbableB.probableC.ineffectiveD.effective正確答案:A[解析]推斷題型見第四段最后四句:它們(在此指報界)試圖建立一些在線和離線的新生意。它們還投資于免費的日報。迄今為止,這一些活動看上去不大可能挽救它們什么。何況即使確實能救它們,它也預示著第四等級(指新聞業(yè)界)的公眾角色的地位在降低。由此可推斷:所采取的各種措施都無法/不可能挽救多數(shù)報業(yè)。因此答案為A。

6.

"TheFourthEstate"inParagraph4refersto______.A.newspapersB.thepoliticalinfluenceC.thepeopleworkingforthemediaD.thepeoplewritingnewsreports正確答案:A[解析]詞義題型到第四段為止,文章一直談論的都是報紙,因此“TheFourthEstate”在此用來形容新聞業(yè)。答案為選項A。

7.

AccordingtoParagraph5,democracyhassurvivedallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.theTV-leddeclineofnewspapersincirculationsincethe1950sB.thedeclineofnewspaperreadersC.theshiftingofseriousnewsawayfromnewspapersD.theemergenceupofnewonlinemodels正確答案:D[解析]是非題型A的內(nèi)容在第五段的第三句中有提及;B的內(nèi)容在第二段最后一句中有提及;C的內(nèi)容在第四段的第三句中有提及;只有D的內(nèi)容沒有提及,因此D為答案。

8.

Theauthorputsstressonthesurvivalofdemocracytoshowthat______.A.democracyhasgreatvitalitytosurviveB.peopleshouldnottakepleasureinthedeclineofnewspapersC.thedeclineofnewspaperswon'tbesoharmfultosocietyD.democracymightnotsurvivethecomingdeclineofnewspapers正確答案:C[解析]推斷題型見第五段第二、三句:Butthedeclineofnewspaperswillnotbeasharmfultosocietyassomefear.Democracy,remember,hasalreadysurvivedthehugetelevision-leddeclineincirculationsincethe1950s.(但報業(yè)的衰落對社會的危害將不會像某些人擔心的那樣。要記得,自從二十世紀五十年代以來民主政治已經(jīng)幸免于電視帶來的巨大的報業(yè)流通的衰落—指沒受什么影響);由此推斷出作者強調(diào)民主政治的幸免來表達報業(yè)的衰落對社會的影響不是特別有害,因此C為答案。

9.

Paragraph6doesn'tclaimtheInternettobethekillerofnewspapersinthattheInternet______.A.helpsspreadgeneralnewsB.involvesitselfininvestigatingabusesC.expandsthecourtofpublicopiniontoholdgovernmentstoaccountD.makespeopletrustahandfulofnationalpapers正確答案:C[解析]細節(jié)題型見第六段第一、二兩句:Theusefulnessofthepressgoesmuchwiderthaninvestigatingabusesorevenspreadinggeneralnews;itliesinholdinggovernmentstoaccount—tryingtheminthecourtofpublicopinion.Theinternethasexpandedthiscourt.(新聞的用途遠遠大于調(diào)查弊端或者是傳播一般新聞;它的用途在于能使政府承擔責任——將它們置于公眾輿論的“法庭”進行考驗。而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)擴展了這一“法庭”),因此C為答案。

10.

Tomakethe"nationalconversation"louder,theauthorfailstomentionthat______.A.news-aggregationsitesshoulddrawtogethersourcesfromaroundtheworldB.non-profitorganizationsshouldbackthehigh-qualityjournalismC.theeliteandseriousnewspapersshouldbeavailableonlineintheworldD.thousandsofbloggersandcitizenjournalistsshouldsupportindependentjournalism正確答案:A[解析]細節(jié)題型B的內(nèi)容在第七段的第一句中有提及;C的內(nèi)容在第七段第三句中有提及;D的內(nèi)容在第七段第三句中有提及;只有A的內(nèi)容沒有提及,因此A為答案。

Aspirinisoneofthesafestandmosteffectivedrugsinventedbyman.Themostpopularmedicineintheworldtoday,itisaneffectivepainreliever.Itsbadeffectsarerelativelymild.Itisalsocheap.

Formillionsofpeoplesufferingfromarthritis,itistheonlythingthatworks.Aspirin,inshort,istrulythe20th-centurywonderdrug.Itisalsothesecondlargestsuicidedrugandistheleadingcauseofpoisoningamongchildren.Ithassideeffectsthat,althoughrelativelymild,arelargelyunrecognizedamongusers.

AlthoughaspirinwasfirstsoldbyaGermancompanyin1899,ithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.Hippocrates,inancientGreece,understoodthemedicalvalueoftreebarksandleaveswhichtodayareknowntocontainachemicalfoundinaspirin.Duringthe19thcentury.therewasagreatdealofexperimentationinEuropewiththischemical,anditledtotheintroductionofaspirin.By1915,aspirintabletswereavailableintheUnitedStates.

Asmallquantityofaspirinrelievespainandinflammation.Italsoreducesfeverbyaffectingsomeofthebody'sreactions.Aspirinisveryirritatingtothestomachlining.Thebestwayistochewthetabletsbeforeswallowingthemwithwater,butfewpeoplecanstandthebittertaste.Somepeoplesuggestcrashingthetabletsinmilkororangejuice.11.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Aspirinisgoodtoarthritissufferers.B.Aspirinmaybeusedassuicidedrug.C.Aspirinisdangeroustosmallchildren.D.Aspirinhasunrecognizablesideeffects.正確答案:C[解析]是非題型。

見文章第二段:Formillionsofpeoplesufferingfromarthritis,itistheonlythingthatworks.Aspirin,inshort,istruly...Itisalsothesecondlargestsuicidedrug...arelargelyunrecognizedamongusers.對于數(shù)百萬關(guān)節(jié)炎患者來說,阿司匹林是唯一有效的藥,簡言之,它是20世紀真正的靈丹妙藥。它還是第二大的自殺用藥和兒童中毒的主要原因。盡管它的副作用很小,用藥者卻對之不甚了解。由此可知:選項A、B均有提及;雖然文章提及阿司匹林是兒童中毒的主要原因,卻沒談及中毒原因,所以不能簡單認定它對小兒危險,則選項C未被提及應是答案。而選項D的內(nèi)容本段最后一句有所提及。

12.

Thesecondparagraphpointsoutthat______.A.aspirinisalwayssafeB.aspirincanbedangerousC.aspirinhasbeenlongusedD.aspirinisnottrulyeffective正確答案:B[解析]推斷題型。

第二段談到:阿司匹林是第二大自殺性藥物,會引發(fā)兒童中毒,還有一些未被確認的副作用,所以可推論出選項B。

13.

Aspirinwasinventedin______.A.the20thcenturyB.the19thcenturyC.ancientGreeceD.ancientGermany正確答案:B[解析]細節(jié)題型。

見文章第三段首句:AlthoughaspirinwasfirstsoldbyaGermancompanyin1899,ithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.和同段倒數(shù)第三句:Duringthe19thcentury,therewasagreatdealofexperimentationinEuropewiththischemical,anditledtotheintroductionofaspirin.選項B正確。

14.

Thethirdparagraphdescribesthe______ofaspirin.A.usesB.valueC.effectsD.history正確答案:D[解析]主旨題型。

第三段的主旨是敘述阿司匹林的歷史:追溯到古希臘的醫(yī)藥之父希波克拉底的發(fā)現(xiàn),19世紀面世,1899年首次出售,1915年片劑在美國誕生。選項D正確。

15.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Aspirincanrelievepain.B.Aspirincanreducefever.C.Aspirincanrelieveinflammation.D.Aspirincanreducestomachlining.正確答案:D[解析]是非題型。

見最后一段的第一、二兩句:Asmallquantityofaspirinrelievespainandinflammation.Italsoreducesfeverbyaffectingsomeofthebody'sreactions.Aspirinisveryirritatingtothestomachlining.少量的阿司匹林可消炎止痛,還可通過刺激人的機體反應來退燒;但它對胃粘膜有刺激。所以選項D是答案。

16.

Accordingtothispassage,______mayNOTbetherightwaytotakeaspirin.A.chewingthetabletsB.swallowingthetabletsC.crushingtheminmilkD.puttingthemindishes正確答案:D[解析]細節(jié)題型。

文章最后兩句(Thebestwayistochewthetabletsbeforeswallowingthemwithwater,butfewpeoplecanstandthebittertaste.Somepeoplesuggestcrashingthetabletsinmilkororangejuice.)說明正確的服藥方法中只有選項D未被提及,是答案。

17.

Theauthorofthispassageseemstobe______.A.againstaspirinB.infavorofaspirinC.ignorantofaspirinD.disinterestedinaspirin正確答案:B[解析]態(tài)度題型。

從作者在文中所用的詞(safest,mosteffective,mostpopular,effective,cheap,theonlythingthatworks)可看出作者對阿司匹林是持肯定態(tài)度的,所以選項B正確。

18.

Agoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe:______.A.WhyDoWeTakeAspirin?B.HowDoWeTakeAspirin?C.Aspirin:TheUnknownSideEffects.D.Aspirin:TheMostPopularMedicine.正確答案:D[解析]主旨題型。

文章開篇就強調(diào)了本文的主旨:阿司匹林是現(xiàn)今世界上人類發(fā)明的最安全,有效,最受歡迎的藥物之一,它還是有效的去痛劑。它的副作用相對較小而且價格便宜。因此選項D是正確答案。

Thefirst50yearsofthenextmillenniumwillbecriticalfortheworld'spopulation.By2050populationgrowthshouldhaveleveledoff,butbythenwe'llhave10billionpeople--two-thirdsasmanyagainaswehavetoday.Therateofpopulationgrowthissomethingwecanchooserightnow,thoughit'snotsomethingthatjusthappens,butamatterofhumanchoice.Thechoiceisacomplicatedone,withmanyvariables,butitremainsachoice.

Ifwewanttopreventapopulationexplosion,weshouldtakeactionnow--orassistthepoorercountriestodoso.Theyneedbettergovernment,betterinstitutions,betterlaborandcapitalmarkets,betterschools.

Anythingthatincreasesthevalueofwomen'stimeandaddstothecostofcaringforachildmakesawomanlesslikelytohavethatchild.Sincebigfamiliesareoftenseenassafetynetsforillnessandoldage,improvingpoorpeople'saccesstoinsurance,pensionsandwelfareinstitutionsalsohasamajorimpact.Thiscanbeassimpleasruralcredit,providingameansofsaving.Finally,thereiseducation--bothforwomenand,perhapsevenmoreimportant,forthenextgenerationofchildren.

Thesestepsaretheretobetaken,butthereappeartobesomecountriesthatarenotseriouslytryingatthemoment.Ifwecannotachievethatwewillcertainlynotcontrolpopulation.

Thatsaid,Idon'tfeelpessimisticthatwearegoingtorunoutofresources:wearebecomingmoreefficientatproducingfoodfasterthantherateatwhichpopulationisincreasing.Thereis,however,ariskthatwewillwrecktheenvironmentsoeffectivelythattheworldwillnolongerbeanattractiveplacetolive.Thatreallywouldbeadismaloutcome,toreachworldpopulationequilibriumonlytofindwe'ddestroyedthenaturalenvironmentintheprocess.19.

Whywillthenext50yearsbecriticalfortheworldpopulation?A.Becauseby2050,thepopulationgro

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