山西省高一上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

2024~2025學(xué)年高二期中質(zhì)量檢測(cè)卷英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Shopping.B.Cooking.C.Teaching.2.WheredidthemanseeAlicejustnow?A.IntheLostandFoundoffice.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inheroffice.3.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bytaxi.4.Whenwillthemantakethemathtest?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Classmates.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomanconfusedabout?A.Thewaterbill.B.Thehouseprice.C.Thephonebill.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Decoratethebathroom.B.Useprofessionaltools.C.Havethewatersystemchecked.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Anurse.B.Astudent.C.Adoctor.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasaninterestinmedicine.B.Shehasgraduatedfromcollege.C.Shelikesworkingwitholdpeople.10.Wheredoestheman’sauntworknow?A.Inahospital.B.Inacollege.C.Inacinema.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthemanlikebestaboutworkingholidays?A.Enjoyingtastyfoods.B.Meetingyoungpeople.C.Visitingamazingplaces.12.WhatdoesthemanthinkofhissummercampsinAmerica?A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Wonderful.13.Whatdoesthemanteachatwintercamps?A.Tennis.B.Horse-riding.C.Skiing.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthemanadvisedoingfirst?A.Goingtoatown.B.Confirmingthetopics.C.Talkingtotheirteacher.15.Whatwillthespeakersdointhelibrary?A.LookforMs.Jane.B.Learnaboutthelocalhistory.C.Writeareportonclothing.16.Whywillthespeakerswritealettertointerviewees?A.Tosharetheirideas.B.Toexpresstheirthanks.C.Toputofftheinterview.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredidthespeakereatlunch?A.Inaschool.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inapark.18.Whatdidthespeakerdoat3’oclock?A.Hewenttoagym.B.Hevisitedacastle.C.Heplayedfootball.19.Howmanyhoursdidthespeakerspendinthetown?A.5.5.B.7.5.C.8.5.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Abusinesstrip.B.Asportsmeeting.C.Atravelexperience.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourparksinAmericathatofferidealvisitingconditionsinthefall.NatchezTraceParkway(Mississippi,Alabama,Tennessee)Covering444milesbetweentheMississippiRiverandNashville,NatchezTraceParkwayhassomeoftheprettiestsceneryintheentireSouth.ThefallseasonalsobringsspecialeventsalongtheparkwayliketheNatchezBalloonFestival(October18-19)andDancingWithTheKing(October18-20)inTupelo,Mississippi.CapitolReefNationalPark(Utah)FallisaharvestseasonatCapitolReefNationalPark—apicture-perfectsettingforpicnickingwithpeaches,pearsandapples.Forasmallfee,visitorscanself-pickthepeaches,pearsandappleswithladdersandfruit-pickingpolesprovidedbytheParkService.Afterward,theycanenjoythefruitsoftheirlaboratthenearbypicnicareaandcampground.WhiteSandsNationalPark(NewMexico)CoolertemperaturesarejustoneofthereasonstovisitWhiteSandsinthefall.AnotherreasontovisitinthefallisimpressivefullmoonsthatbrightentheunearthlylandscapesofthisNewMexicodesertpark.WhiteSandscelebratestheautumnsupermoonswithranger-ledFullMoonHikes(September18andOctober16)andFullMoonNightsthatfeature/liveoutdoormusic,specificallyajazzbandonSeptember17aswellasNativeAmericanmusicianandstorytellerRandyGrangeronOctober17.JoshuaTreeNationalPark(California)It’shardtoavoidcrowdsatJoshuaTreeNationalPark,butyoumighthaveachanceifyouvisitduringaweekdayinOctoberorNovember.ByOctober,theaveragedaytimetemperaturehasdropped,perfectforhiking,biking,horsebackridingthe36.5-mileCaliforniaRiding&HikingTrailthatrunseast-westacrossthepark.1.WhendoestheNatchezBalloonFestivalstart?A.OnOctober16. B.OnOctober17.C.OnOctober18. D.OnOctober19.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatCapitolReefNationalPark?A.Pickfruits. B.Enjoybandperformances.C.MeetRandyGranger. D.AttendDancingWithTheKing.3.Whichparkoffersactivitiesrelatedtofullmoons?A.NatchezTraceParkway. B.WhiteSandsNationalPark.C.CapitolReefNationalPark. D.JoshuaTreeNationalPark.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)適合秋季旅行的美國(guó)國(guó)家公園。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NatchezTraceParkway(Mississippi,Alabama,Tennessee)部分“ThefallseasonalsobringsspecialeventsalongtheparkwayliketheNatchezBalloonFestival(October18—19)andDancingWithTheKing(October18—20)inTupelo,Mississippi.(秋天還會(huì)在公園大道上舉辦特別活動(dòng)，比如納奇茲氣球節(jié)（10月18日至19日）和密西西比州圖珀洛的“與國(guó)王共舞”（10月18日至20日）。)”可知，納奇茲氣球節(jié)于10月18號(hào)開(kāi)始。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CapitolReefNationalPark(Utah)部分“Forasmallfee,visitorscanself-pickthepeaches,pearsandappleswithladdersandfruit-pickingpolesprovidedbytheParkService.(游客可以用公園管理局提供的梯子和水果采摘桿自行采摘桃子、梨和蘋(píng)果，只需支付一小筆費(fèi)用。)”可知，游客可以在圓頂礁國(guó)家公園采摘水果。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhiteSandsNationalPark(NewMexico)部分“WhiteSandscelebratestheautumnsupermoonswithranger-ledFullMoonHikes(September18andOctober16)andFullMoonNightsthatfeatureliveoutdoormusic,specificallyajazzbandonSeptember17aswellasNativeAmericanmusicianandstorytellerRandyGrangeronOctober17.(白沙為慶祝秋季超級(jí)月亮，舉辦了護(hù)林員帶領(lǐng)的滿月遠(yuǎn)足（9月18日和10月16日）和滿月之夜，其中包括現(xiàn)場(chǎng)戶外音樂(lè)，特別是9月17日的爵士樂(lè)隊(duì)和10月17日的印第安音樂(lè)家和講故事的人蘭迪格蘭杰。)”可知，白沙國(guó)家公園提供與滿月有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。故選B。BCollegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceanever-higherbartodrawtheattentionoftheirstudents,forcedtocompetewiththesmartphonesandlaptopsinlargelecturehalls.Butwhenyourprofessorisasocialmediastar,it’salittlebiteasier.TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysicsatTexasA&MUniversity,hasmanagedtogetherstudents,aswellasfuturegenerations,excitedaboutthescience.Knownas“Dr.Tatiana”toherstudentsandonlinefanbase,theprofessorperformsphysicstrickswithendlessenergyandenthusiasm.Videosofhertheatricaldemonstrationshavegothundredsofmillionsofviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.Inthekid-friendlyvideos,Erukhimovausesarangeofeverydayobjectsinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertosweets,bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.Herdepartment’sonlinepagehasabout2.5millionsubscribers.It’sclearthatsheknowswhatittakestogetyoungpeopleexcitedaboutahardscience.Butitwasn’talwaysthatway.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassesalmosttwodecadesago,shestruggledtoattracttheattentionofheryoungerstudents.Fortunately,bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,tweakingherapproachtogetherstudentsinterestedinherclasses.She’searnedmorethanjustrecognitiononsocialmedia.InOctober,shewashonoredwithanationalawardforscienceoutreachforleadershipinbringingtheexcitementofphysicsthroughinnovativeeducationprograms,includingthewell-attendedannualTAMUPhysicsandEngineeringFestivalandthehighlypopularphysicsvideosonsocialmedia.AsaleaderinaSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics)fieldinwhichwomenareunderrepresented,she’sbecomearolemodelforsome.AfiyaDhananiattendedTAMUafterseeingErukhimova’svideosonline.“WatchingDr.Tatianadotheexperimentsonline,especiallysinceshewasafemaleleader,wasmoreinspiringformetoevengointophysics,”Dhananisaid.4.HowdoesTatianamakeherstudentsfocusonherclasses?A.Byconnectingabstractconceptswithreallife.B.Bystoppingstudentsbringingphonestoclass.C.ByaddinginterestingvideosfromtheInternet.D.Bymakingherselfapproachableandeasygoing.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tweaking”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Understanding. B.Continuing. C.Recording. D.Changing.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Tatiana’sfamilylife. B.Tatiana’sachievements.C.Waystocelebratefestivals. D.EducationprogramsinTAMU.7.WhatdoesDhananiwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Shewantedtobecomearolemodel. B.Sheinspiredotherstolearnphysics.C.Tatianahasapositiveimpactonher. D.Tatianahasbeenverystrictwithher.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以TatianaErukhimova教授為例，講述了網(wǎng)紅教授更受學(xué)生青睞這一現(xiàn)象?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)句第二段“Inthekid-friendlyvideos,Erukhimovausesarangeofeverydayobjectsinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertosweets,bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.(在這些兒童友好的視頻中，Erukhimova在她的實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用了一系列日常用品，從乒乓球和衛(wèi)生紙到糖果，自行車輪子和吹風(fēng)機(jī))”可知，Tatiana通過(guò)將抽象概念與日常生活聯(lián)系起來(lái)，使學(xué)生專注于她的課程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassesalmosttwodecadesago,shestruggledtoattracttheattentionofheryoungerstudents.Fortunately,bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,tweakingherapproachtogetherstudentsinterestedinherclasses.(約20年前，當(dāng)她第一次開(kāi)始教授大學(xué)新生課程時(shí)，她很難吸引年輕學(xué)生的注意力。幸運(yùn)的是，到了第二學(xué)期，她找到了自己的立足點(diǎn)，tweaking了自己的方法，讓學(xué)生對(duì)她的課感興趣)”可知，為了讓學(xué)會(huì)生對(duì)她的課感興趣，她改變了自己的教學(xué)方法。所以劃線詞的意思是“改變”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“She’searnedmorethanjustrecognitiononsocialmedia.InOctober,shewashonoredwithanationalawardforscienceoutreachforleadershipinbringingtheexcitementofphysicsthroughinnovativeeducationprograms,includingthewell-attendedannualTAMUPhysicsandEngineeringFestivalandthehighlypopularphysicsvideosonsocialmedia.(她贏得的不僅僅是社交媒體上的認(rèn)可。10月，她被授予國(guó)家科學(xué)推廣獎(jiǎng)，以表彰她通過(guò)創(chuàng)新的教育項(xiàng)目，包括參加人數(shù)眾多的TAMU年度物理與工程節(jié)，以及在社交媒體上非常受歡迎的物理視頻，帶來(lái)了物理學(xué)的興奮)”可知，第四段主要講述了Tatiana在科學(xué)推廣方面的成就，包括獲得國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)和舉辦受歡迎的物理節(jié)等。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AsaleaderinaSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics)fieldinwhichwomenareunderrepresented,she’sbecomearolemodelforsome.AfiyaDhananiattendedTAMUafterseeingErukhimova’svideosonline.“WatchingDr.Tatianadotheexperimentsonline,especiallysinceshewasafemaleleader,wasmoreinspiringformetoevengointophysics,”Dhananisaid.(作為女性代表性不足的STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，她已成為一些人的榜樣。AfiyaDhanani在網(wǎng)上看到Erukhimova的視頻后參加了TAMU。Dhanani說(shuō)：“看著Tatiana博士在網(wǎng)上做實(shí)驗(yàn)，尤其是因?yàn)樗且幻灶I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，這更鼓舞了我進(jìn)入物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域)”可知，Tatiana對(duì)她Dhanani產(chǎn)生了積極的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。CClimatechangeisstressingrainforestswherethehighlysensitivecocoabeangrows,butchocolateloversneednotdespair,saycompaniesthatareresearchingotherwaystogrowcocoaordevelopcocoasubstitutes(替代品).CaliforniaCultured,aplantcellculturecompany,isgrowingcocoafromcellculturesatafacilityinWestSacramento,California,withplanstostartsellingitsproductsnextyear.Itputscocoabeancellsandsugarwatertogethersotheyreproducequicklyandreachmaturityinaweekratherthanthesixtoeightmonthsatraditionalharvesttakes,saidAlanPerlstein,thecompany’schiefexecutive.Theprocessalsonolongerrequiresasmuchwaterorlabor.Thesalesofchocolatecandyaroundtheworldreached$238.5billionin2023,researchwebsiteStatistareported.SalesintheUnitedStatesalonereachedmorethan$25billionin2023,theNationalConfectionersAssociationsaid.ThepriceofcocoarosequicklyearlierthisyearbecauseofdemandandtroubleswiththecropinWestAfricaduetoplantdiseasesandchangesinweather.Theregionproducesthemostoftheworld’scocoa.ThepushtoproducecocoaindoorsintheUScomesafterotherproducts,suchaschickenmeat,havealreadybeengrowninlabs.Italsocomesassupermarketshelvesfillwithsnackoptions—somethingthatdevelopersofcocoaalternativessayshowspeoplearereadytotrywhatlooksandtasteslikeachocolatechipcookieevenifthechipcontainsacocoasubstitute.Whilesomeareseekingtocreatealternativecocoasourcesandsubstitutes,othersaretryingtoimprovethesupplyofcocoawhereitnaturallygrows.Mars,whichmakesM&MsandSnickers,hasaresearchfacilityatUniversityofCalifornia,Davisaimedatmakingcocoaplantsmoreresilientsothattheyareabletorecovermoreeasilyandquicklyfromunpleasantenvironments,saidJoannaHwu,thecompany’sseniordirectorofcocoaplantscience.Thefacilityhostsalivingcollectionofcocoatreessoscientistscanstudywhatmakesthemresistanttomorediseasestohelpfarmersinproducingcountriesandensureastablesupplyofbeans.8.WhatcanwesayaboutproductsfromCaliforniaCultured?A.Theyareproducedataquickspeed. B.Theyhavebeenonsale.C.Theyrequiremorelabortomake. D.Theycontainnowater.9.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromparagraph3?A.WestAfricaisfacinganeconomiccrisis.B.Theworldwidemarketforchocolateishuge.C.TheUSproducesthemostcocoaintheworld.D.Thesupplyofchocolategoesbeyonditsdemand.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningchickenmeat?A.Areasonforeatinglesschocolate. B.Aninspirationforcocoasubstitutes.C.Amethodofkeepingabalanceddiet. D.Acauseofpickingmoretypesofmeat.11.HowdoesMarsdealwiththechallengefacingcocoatrees?A.Bycreatingtheiralternatives. B.Bygrowingthemsomewhereelse.C.Byincreasingtheirresistance. D.Byplantingtheminlargenumbers.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。面對(duì)氣候變化導(dǎo)致可可產(chǎn)量減少情況，各家公司正在想方設(shè)法種植可可和生產(chǎn)可可替代品?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“CaliforniaCultured,aplantcellculturecompany,isgrowingcocoafromcellculturesatafacilityinWestSacramento,California,withplanstostartsellingitsproductsnextyear.Itputscocoabeancellsandsugarwatertogethersotheyreproducequicklyandreachmaturityinaweekratherthanthesixtoeightmonthsatraditionalharvesttakes,saidAlanPerlstein,thecompany’schiefexecutive.Theprocessalsonolongerrequiresasmuchwaterorlabor.(植物細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)公司Californiaculture正在加州西薩克拉門(mén)托的一處工廠用細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)物種植可可，并計(jì)劃明年開(kāi)始銷售其產(chǎn)品。該公司首席執(zhí)行官艾倫?珀?duì)査固贡硎?，這種方法將可可豆細(xì)胞和糖水結(jié)合在一起，使它們能夠快速繁殖，并在一周內(nèi)成熟，而傳統(tǒng)的收獲方法需要6到8個(gè)月。這個(gè)過(guò)程也不再需要那么多的水和勞動(dòng)力)”可知，CaliforniaCultured公司的可可生產(chǎn)速度很快。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesalesofchocolatecandyaroundtheworldreached$238.5billionin2023,researchwebsiteStatistareported.SalesintheUnitedStatesalonereachedmorethan$25billionin2023,theNationalConfectionersAssociationsaid.ThepriceofcocoarosequicklyearlierthisyearbecauseofdemandandtroubleswiththecropinWestAfricaduetoplantdiseasesandchangesinweather.Theregionproducesthemostoftheworld’scocoa.(據(jù)研究網(wǎng)站Statista報(bào)道，2023年，全球巧克力糖果的銷售額達(dá)到2385億美元。美國(guó)糖果協(xié)會(huì)表示，僅在美國(guó)，2023年的銷售額就超過(guò)了250億美元。今年早些時(shí)候，可可豆價(jià)格迅速上漲，原因是需求旺盛，以及西非因植物病害和天氣變化造成的作物問(wèn)題。該地區(qū)生產(chǎn)世界上最多的可可)”可推斷，巧克力的全球市場(chǎng)是巨大的。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThepushtoproducecocoaindoorsintheUScomesafterotherproducts,suchaschickenmeat,havealreadybeengrowninlabs.(在美國(guó)推動(dòng)室內(nèi)生產(chǎn)可可之前，雞肉等其他產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中種植)”可推斷，作者在本段提及“雞肉”是為了表明生產(chǎn)可可替代品的推動(dòng)力。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mars,whichmakesM&MsandSnickers,hasaresearchfacilityatUniversityofCalifornia,Davisaimedatmakingcocoaplantsmoreresilientsothattheyareabletorecovermoreeasilyandquicklyfromunpleasantenvironments,saidJoannaHwu,thecompany’sseniordirectorofcocoaplantscience.Thefacilityhostsalivingcollectionofcocoatreessoscientistscanstudywhatmakesthemresistanttomorediseasestohelpfarmersinproducingcountriesandensureastablesupplyofbeans.(瑪氏的可可植物科學(xué)高級(jí)主管喬安娜·胡說(shuō)，瑪氏在加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校設(shè)有一個(gè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)，旨在提高可可植物的適應(yīng)力，使它們能夠更容易、更快地從惡劣的環(huán)境中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)?，斒仙a(chǎn)M&Ms巧克力和士力架。該設(shè)施擁有一批活的可可樹(shù)，因此科學(xué)家可以研究是什么使它們對(duì)更多疾病有抵抗力，以幫助生產(chǎn)國(guó)的農(nóng)民，并確?？煽啥沟姆€(wěn)定供應(yīng))”可知，Mars公司通過(guò)提高可可樹(shù)的抵抗力來(lái)解決它們所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。DDrinkingsomealcohol(酒)wasoncethoughttohavebenefitsfortheheart,butbetterresearchmethodshavethrowncoldwateronthat.“Drinkinglessisagreatwaytobehealthier,”saidDr.TimothyNaimi,whodirectstheCanadianInstituteforSubstanceUseResearchattheUniversityofVictoriainBritishColumbia.Guidelinesvaryalotfromcountrytocountrybuttheoveralltrendistowarddrinkingless.TheUnitedKingdom,France,Denmark,HollandandAustraliarecentlyreviewednewevidenceandloweredtheiralcoholconsumptionrecommendations.Irelandwillrequirecancerwarninglabelsonalcoholstartingin2026.“Peopleofmyagearewaymoreacceptingofit,”saidTessaWeber,28,ofAustin,Texas.Shestoppeddrinkingthisyearbecauseshe’dnoticedalcoholwasincreasingheranxiety.Shelikedtheresults—bettersleep,moreenergy—andhasstuckwithit.“It’sgoodtoreevaluateyourrelationshipwithalcohol,”Webersaid.Howmanydrinkscanyouhaveperday?Thatdepends.Drinkingraisestheriskofseveraltypesofcancer,includingcolon,liver,breastandmouthandthroat.Alcoholbreaksdowninthebodyintoasubstancecalledacetaldehyde,whichcandamageyourcellsandstopthemfromrepairingthemselves.Thatcreatestheconditionsforcancertogrow.“ThousandsofUSdeathsperyearcouldbepreventedifpeoplefollowedthegovernment’sdietaryguidelines,whichadvisementolimitthemselvestotwodrinksorfewerperdayandwomentoonedrinkorfewerperday,”Naimisaid.Onedrinkistheequivalentofaboutone12-ounce(盎司)canofbeer,a5-ounceglassofwineorashotofliquor.Naimiservedonanadvisorycommitteethatwantedtolowertherecommendationformentoonedrinkperday.Thatadvicewasconsideredandrejectedwhenthefederalrecommendationscameoutin2020.“Thesimplemessagethat’sbestsupportedbytheevidenceisthat,ifyoudrink,lessisbetterwhenitcomestohealth,”Naimisaid.12.WhatisTessaWeber’sattitudetothenewguidelineonalcoholdrinking?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.13.Whatdoweknowaboutacetaldehyde?A.Itencouragespeopletodrinkless.B.Itbenefitstherepairsofheartcells.C.Itkeepsalcoholfrombreakingdown.D.Itcontributestothegrowthofcancer.14.HowmuchalcoholisamanrecommendedtodrinkatmostperdaybytheUSgovernment?A.A5-ounceglassofwine. B.A-6-ouncecanofbeer.C.A10-ounceglassofwine. D.A12-ouncecanofbeer.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NewResearchonTypesofCancerB.AlcoholicsAreontheRiseintheUSC.RisksandBenefitsofDrinkingAlcoholD.LessAlcoholIsBetterforHealth【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于飲酒與健康關(guān)系的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和建議，包括不同國(guó)家對(duì)于飲酒指南的更新、個(gè)人對(duì)于減少飲酒的看法，以及酒精對(duì)健康的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等內(nèi)容?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Peopleofmyagearewaymoreacceptingofit,”saidTessaWeber,28,ofAustin,Texas.Shestoppeddrinkingthisyearbecauseshe’dnoticedalcoholwasincreasingheranxiety.Shelikedtheresults—bettersleep,moreenergy—andhasstuckwithit.“It’sgoodtoreevaluateyourrelationshipwithalcohol,”Webersaid.(德克薩斯州奧斯汀市28歲的TessaWeber說(shuō)：“像我這樣年紀(jì)的人更容易接受它?！彼衲杲淞司疲?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)酒精增加了她的焦慮。她喜歡這樣做的效果——更好的睡眠，更有活力——并堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)?！爸匦略u(píng)估你與酒精的關(guān)系是件好事，”Weber說(shuō))”可知，TessaWeber對(duì)新飲酒指南持積極態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Howmanydrinkscanyouhaveperday?Thatdepends.Drinkingraisestheriskofseveraltypesofcancer,includingcolon,liver,breastandmouthandthroat.Alcoholbreaksdowninthebodyintoasubstancecalledacetaldehyde,whichcandamageyourcellsandstopthemfromrepairingthemselves.Thatcreatestheconditionsforcancertogrow.(你每天能喝多少飲料？那得看情況。飲酒會(huì)增加患幾種癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，包括結(jié)腸癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、口腔癌和咽喉癌。酒精在體內(nèi)分解成一種叫做乙醛的物質(zhì)，它會(huì)損害你的細(xì)胞，阻止它們自我修復(fù)。這就為癌癥的生長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造了條件)”可知，可知，乙醛有助于癌癥的生長(zhǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““ThousandsofUSdeathsperyearcouldbepreventedifpeoplefollowedthegovernment’sdietaryguidelines,whichadvisementolimitthemselvestotwodrinksorfewerperdayandwomentoonedrinkorfewerperday,”Naimisaid.Onedrinkistheequivalentofaboutone12-ounce(盎司)canofbeer,a5-ounceglassofwineorashotofliquor.(納伊米說(shuō)：“如果人們遵循政府的飲食指南，建議男性每天飲酒不超過(guò)兩杯，女性每天飲酒不超過(guò)一杯，那么美國(guó)每年數(shù)千人的死亡是可以避免的?！币槐嬃舷喈?dāng)于一罐12盎司的啤酒，一杯5盎司的葡萄酒或一杯白酒)”可知，美國(guó)政府建議男性飲酒不超過(guò)兩杯，而一杯相當(dāng)于杯5盎司的葡萄酒，也就是一天不超過(guò)一杯10盎司的葡萄酒。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Drinkingsomealcohol(酒)wasoncethoughttohavebenefitsfortheheart,butbetterresearchmethodshavethrowncoldwateronthat.“Drinkinglessisagreatwaytobehealthier,”saidDr.TimothyNaimi,whodirectstheCanadianInstituteforSubstanceUseResearchattheUniversityofVictoriainBritishColumbia.(人們?cè)?jīng)認(rèn)為喝點(diǎn)酒對(duì)心臟有益，但更好的研究方法卻給這一觀點(diǎn)潑了一盆冷水?！吧俸染剖潜３纸】档暮梅椒?，”不列顛哥倫比亞省維多利亞大學(xué)加拿大物質(zhì)使用研究所所長(zhǎng)蒂莫西·納伊米博士說(shuō))”以及縱觀全文可知，“少喝酒是保持健康的好方法”，這是文章的主旨，后文圍繞這一主旨展開(kāi)論述，說(shuō)明少喝酒的好處，如可以降低患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等，由此可知選項(xiàng)D“LessAlcoholIsBetterforHealth(少喝酒對(duì)健康有好處)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Makingdecisionsisacomplexskill.Therearealwaysthingstoconsiderandtheconsequencesmightnotbeobviousforweeks,months,oryears.Soyoumightfeeltooworriedaboutyourchoicesandexperienceaconstantsenseofindecision.____16____.NarrowtheoptionsImagineyourselflookingthroughastreamingplatform.Shouldyouwatchthisactioncomedyorthatromanticdrama?____17____?Thefirststepistonarrowyouroptions.Whenyoureduceyourchoices,youaremoreabletolookdeeplyintothemandfindabettersolution,beitforwhatshowyouwillbewatchingnextorwhatyouaregoingtostudy.Taketimebutsetadeadline____18____.Whensomeonewon’tgiveyoutime,theymightbetoointerestedinyoumakingabadchoice.So,it’simportanttodefendyourtimetomakeadecision.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplewillfeelupsetendlesslyoveradecisionifnotlimitedinsomeway.Soifyouknowyourselftobethetypetothinkandoverthink,setadeadlineforyourself.TalkthingsthroughAgoodrulefordecisionsistotryandtalkthingsthroughwithotherpeople.____19____.Afterall,youdon’twanttogotopeoplewhoalwaysdiscourageyouorthosewhocheerblindlyoneveryoption.RememberthatnothingiseverlastingSomethingthatkeepsyouindecisiveisthefeelingthatwhateverdecisionyoumake,itwillapplyforever!Thismindsetcanmakeyouafraidofmakingdecisions.Rememberyoucanalwayschangeyourmindandgoaftersomethingelse.____20____.Butusuallyit’snotimpossible.Sogiveyourselfpermissiontochangeyourmindlaterifwhatyouchosedoesn’tworkout.A.ShouldyoudoyourhomeworkatonceB.Sure,itcanbedifficulttochangecourseC.ShouldyoustartwithashoworjustamovieD.BeingpressuredintoadecisionisoftenaredflagE.However,it’simportanttofindsomeoneyoucantrustF.ThiswillhelpyouidentifyhowyoufeelwithaparticularoptionGLet’sexploreasetofguidelinesthathelpyousimplifytheprocess【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了可以幫助到猶豫不決的人們下決心的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Soyoumightfeeltooworriedaboutyourchoicesandexperienceaconstantsenseofindecision.(因此，你可能會(huì)對(duì)自己的選擇感到過(guò)于擔(dān)憂，并經(jīng)常感到優(yōu)柔寡斷)”及下文給出了四個(gè)幫助解決做決定困難問(wèn)題的建議可知，該空應(yīng)該是指出對(duì)于此種擔(dān)憂有解決辦法的。由此可知，G.Let’sexploreasetofguidelinesthathelpyousimplifytheprocess(讓我們探索一組幫助您簡(jiǎn)化該過(guò)程的指導(dǎo)方針)承上啟下，guidelines呼應(yīng)下面小標(biāo)題，simplify呼應(yīng)上文段首的complex。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Imagineyourselflookingthroughastreamingplatform.Shouldyouwatchthisactioncomedyorthatromanticdrama?(想象一下你正在看一個(gè)流媒體平臺(tái)。你應(yīng)該看這部動(dòng)作喜劇還是那部愛(ài)情劇？)”可知，該空應(yīng)該是一個(gè)選擇疑問(wèn)句，是對(duì)于平臺(tái)播放節(jié)目的選擇。由此可知，C.Shouldyoustartwithashoworjustamovie(你應(yīng)該從一場(chǎng)演出開(kāi)始，還是只看一部電影)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Taketimebutsetadeadline及下文“Whensomeonewon’tgiveyoutime,theymightbetoointerestedinyoumakingabadchoice.So,it’simportanttodefendyourtimetomakeadecision.(當(dāng)有人不給你充足時(shí)間時(shí)，他們可能希望你做出錯(cuò)誤的選擇。所以，保護(hù)你的時(shí)間來(lái)做決定是很重要的)”可知，本段主要講做決定前必須有足夠的時(shí)間去思考，不能倉(cāng)促。由此可知，D.Beingpressuredintoadecisionisoftenaredflag(在外界壓力下做出決定通常是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)信號(hào))符合語(yǔ)境，勸誡不要在別人催促情況下倉(cāng)促?zèng)Q定。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Agoodrulefordecisionsistotryandtalkthingsthroughwithotherpeople.(做決定的一個(gè)好規(guī)則是試著和其他人討論事情)”及下文“Afterall,youdon’twanttogotopeoplewhoalwaysdiscourageyouorthosewhocheerblindlyoneveryoption.(畢竟，你不會(huì)想去找那些總是讓你泄氣的人，或者那些對(duì)每個(gè)選擇都盲目歡呼的人)”可知，此處表達(dá)做決定前可以找人商量，但是人選要慎重，應(yīng)該選擇可靠的人。由此可知，E.However,it’simportanttofindsomeoneyoucantrust(然而，找到一個(gè)你可以信任的人是很重要的)符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Rememberyoucanalwayschangeyourmindandgoaftersomethingelse.(記住，你可以隨時(shí)改變主意，去追求別的東西)”及下文“Butusuallyit’snotimpossible.Sogiveyourselfpermissiontochangeyourmindlaterifwhatyouchosedoesn’tworkout.(但通常也不是不可能。所以，如果你的選擇不成功，允許自己稍后改變主意)”可知，上一句說(shuō)做決定時(shí)要知道，什么都不是永恒的，做了決定，不合適就可以改；下一句說(shuō)改變即使很難但也不是不可能，允許自己對(duì)效果不好的決定作出改變，那么做決定時(shí)就不會(huì)太艱難。由此可知，B.Sure,itcanbedifficulttochangecourse(當(dāng)然，改變航向可能很難)承上啟下，呼應(yīng)上文的change，呼應(yīng)however后面的notimpossible，很難但卻不是不可能。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。YoshieMinamidaniisasurvivorofthe7.6magnitudeearthquake.It____21____WajimainIshikawaPrefectureandnearbyregionsonNewYear’sDay,leavingatleast202people____22____,scoresmissingandbuildingsinruins—includingMinamidani’sseafoodstore.Minamidanicouldhardly____23____whenshefirstsawtheentirestoreburneddownbyafire.ManyinWajima,includingMinamidani,foundtheirhomestoo____24____tolivein.NowMinamidaniisstayinginanearbyhousewithherhusband,twochildren,andotherrelativeswhohave____25____theirhomes.Minamidanicountsherself____26____.Shewasinthecarwithherfamily,ontheirwaytoatempletocelebrateNewYear’sDay,whenthebigquakehit.Noneofthemwereinjured.Minamidanifirstopenedherstorethreedecadesagowhenshewas17.She____27____thatbusinessconnectspeople.Customerscometoher____28____notjustforthefishbutto____29____her—soshealwayskeepssmiling.Shehasalready_____30_____othersinWajimatorentaplaceinnearbyKanazawawheretheycan_____31_____theirfishbusinessestogether.Theymayhavetouse_____32_____caughtinotherports,asWajima’sportandtheboatstherewere_____33_____damaged—moretimeisneededbeforetheycangobackoutto_____34_____.SomeinWajimahave_____35_____andareleaving,butsheisstayingandwillbringWajimaback,Minamidanisaid.21.A.stopped B.created C.benefitted D.shook22.A.proud B.guilty C.dead D.grateful23.A.speak B.refuse C.study D.escape24.A.outdated B.far C.small D.damaged25.A.built B.lost C.bought D.visited26.A.lucky B.kind C.honest D.careful27.A.predicts B.believes C.promises D.worries28.A.backyard B.office C.apartment D.store29.A.charge B.represent C.see D.understand30.A.beaten B.joined C.allowed D.ordered31.A.restart B.replace C.remember D.recommend32.A.fruits B.meat C.vegetables D.fish33.A.secretly B.badly C.partly D.possibly34.A.school B.bed C.sea D.dinner