護理英文小講課

護理英文小講課匯報人：xxx20xx-03-18BasicnumberingconceptsandprinciplesCommonissuesandnumberingmeasuresDruguseandsafetymanagementInfectionpreventionandcontrolstrategies目錄01BasicnumberingconceptsandprinciplesNursingisdefinedastheprotection,promotion,andoptimizationofhealthandabilities,preventionofillnessandinjury,facilityofhealing,allowanceofsurvivalthroughthediagnosisandtreatmentofhumanresponses,andadvocacyinthecareofindividuals,families,groups,munities,andpopulationsTheimportanceofnursingliesinitsholisticapproachtopatientcare,focusingonthephysical,emotional,social,andspiritualneedsofthepatientNursesplayacriticalroleinhealthcareteams,collaboratingwithdoctors,therapists,andotherhealthcareprofessionalstoensureoptimalpatientoutesDefinitionandImportanceofNursingObservationNursesobservepatients'behavior,appearance,andvitalsignstoassesstheirconditionsandidentifyanychangesorconcernsPhysicalexaminationNursesperformphysicalexaminationstoassesspatients'physicalhealthandidentifyanyabnormalitiesorsignsofIllnessDiagnostictestingNursesmayalsobeinvolvedincollectingsamplesfordiagnostictesting,suchasbloodtestsorimagingstudies,tohelpdiagnosepatients'conditionsInterviewNursesconductinterviewswithpatientsandtheirfamiliestogatherinformationabouttheirmedicalhistory,currentsymptoms,andsocialandemotionalneedsPatientneedsassessmentmethodsNursesprovidecarethatisdetailedtotheindividualneedsandpreferencesofeachpatientPatientcenteredcareNursesuseresearchandevidencetoguidetheirclinicaldecisionmakingandensurethatpatientsreceivethemosteffectivecarepossibleEvidencebasedpracticeNursesfollowstrictinfectioncontrolprotocolstopreventthespreadofdiseaseandprotectpatientsfromharmInfectioncontrolNursesareresponsibleforsafelyadministeringmedicinetopatients,monitoringtheireffects,andreportinganyadversereactionsMedicaladministrationBasicnumberingprinciplesandpractices01NursesneedtobeawareoftheculturalbackgroundsandbeliefsoftheirpatientstoprovideculturallysensitivecareCulturalawareness02NursesshouldhavebasicproficiencyinthelanguagesspokebytheirpatientstofacilitateeffectivemunicationLanguageproficiency03Nursesneedtobeawareofnonverbalcups,suchasbodylanguageandlegalexpressions,whichcanconveyimportantinformationaboutpatients'feelingsandneedsNonverbalmunication04Whennecessary,nursesshoulduseprofessionalinterpreterstoensureaccuratemunicationwithpatientswhodonotspeakthesamelanguageUseofinterpretersCrossculturalcommunicationskills02CommonissuesandnumberingmeasuresKeypointsofcardiovasculardiseasecareMonitorvitalsignsCloselyobservepatients'heartrate,bloodpressure,andrespiratoryratetodetectanyabnormalitiesPromotehealthlifestyleEncouragepatientstoquitsmoking,maintainabalanceddiet,andengageinregularphysicalactivityManagestressandemotionsAssistpatientsincopingwithstressandanxietythroughrelaxationtechniquesandpsychologicalsupportAdministratortreatmentsEnsurepatientstakesubscribedtreatmentsontimeandmonitorforanyadverseeffectsMaintainairwaypatencyAssistpatientsinclearingsecretsandmaintaininganopenairwayEnhancedeepbreakingandcoachingGuidepatientsinperformingbreakingexercisesandeffectivecoachingtechniquestoimprovelungfunctionProvideoxygentherapyAdministeroxygenassubscribedtopatientswithrespiratoryinsufficiencyMonitorrespiratorystatusCloselyobservedpatient'srespiratoryrate,breathsounds,andoxygensaturationlevelsNursingstrategiesforrespiratorysystemissuesPromotehealtheatinghabitsEncouragepatientstofollowabalanceddieandavoidtriggerfoodsthatmayexcerbatetheirconditionsManagefluidandelectrolytebalanceMonitorpatient'sfluidintakeandoutput,andadjustasnecessarytomaintainelectrolytebalanceBelievepayandfortAdministerpaymusicassubscribedandprovidefortmeasuressuchasheatorcoldtherapyMonitorbowelfunctionObservingpatients'bowelmovementsandprovidingappropriateinterventionssuchasdietarychangesorlaxitiesasneededNursingmethodsfordigestivesystemdiseasesAssessneurologicalstatusRegularlyassesspatient'slevelofconsensus,orientation,andmotorfunctionImplementfallpreventionstrategiesandensurethatthepatient'senvironmentissafeandfreefromhazardsHelppatientswithactivitiesofdailylivingsuchaseating,dressing,andbathingasneededOfferfortandsupporttopatientsandtheirfamiliesastheirscopewiththechallengesofaneurologicaldiseaseProvidesafetymeasuresAssistwithdailyactivitiesProvideemotionalsupportNursingskillsforneurologicaldisorders03DruguseandsafetymanagementDrugclassificationandmechanismofactionDrugsareclassifiedbasedontheirprimarypharmaceuticaleffects,suchasanalytics,antibiotics,antibiotics,andantidepressantsClassificationbasedonpharmaceuticaleffectsUnderstandingthemechanismofactionofdrugshelpsnursestopredicttheireffectsandpotentialinteractionsForexample,knowinghowopioidsbindtoreceiversinthebraintoproductmanagementiscriticalforsafetyandeffectivepaymanagementMechanismofactionNursesmustadapttothefiverightsofmedicaladministration:rightpatient,rightdrug,rightdose,rightroute,andrighttimePrinciplesofmedicaladministrationNursesshouldalwayscheckforallergys,druginteractions,andcontraindicationsbeforeadministeringanymedicineAdditionally,theyshoulduseappropriatesafetydevices,suchasneedlesssystems,topreventneedlessinjuriesPrecautionsforsafemedicinePrinciplesandprecautionsforcorrectmedicineIdentificationofadversedrugreactions(ADRs)NursesshouldbevigilantinmonitoringpatientsforsignsandsymptomsofADRs,suchasrashes,nasea,invoicing,dimness,andchangesinvitalsigns0102ManagementofADRsOnceanADRisidentified,nursesshouldimmediatelyreportittotheremendingdoctorandtakeappropriateactionstomanagethereaction,suchasstoppingthemedicine,administeringantibiotics,orprovidingsupportivecareMonitoringandmanagementofadversedrugreactionsImprovingpatientunderstandingNursesplayaclinicalroleineducatingpatientsabouttheirmedicine,includingthepurpose,dosage,route,andtimingofadministrationThishelpstoimprovepatientunderstandingandinheritancetothetreatmentplanPreventingmedicineerrorsPatienteducationalsohelpstopreventmedicineerrorsbyensuringthatpatientsareawareoftheimportanceoftakingtheirmedicinecorrectlyNursesshouldresourcepatientstoaskquestionsandseekclarificationiftheyarenotsureaboutanyaspectoftheirmedicalregionTheroleofpatienteducationindrugsafety04InfectionpreventionandcontrolstrategiesMicrobialcharacteristicsMicroorganismsareubiquitous,diverse,andcangrowrapidlyundersuitableconditionsTheycancauseinfectionsanddiseasesinhumansPrinciplesofmicrobialgrowthMicroorganismsrequirenutrients,asuitabletemperature,andaspecificpHvaluetogrowandmultiplyUnderstandingtheseprincipleshelpstocontrolmicrobialgrowthClassificationofmicroorganismsBacteria,viruses,fungi,andparasitesarethemaintypesofmicroorganismsthatcancauseinfectionsinhumansEachtypehasuniquecharacteristicsandrequiresdifferentpreventionandcontrolmeasuresIntroductiontoMicrobialFundamentalsChemicalinfectionmethodsusechemicalstokillorinactivatemicroorganismsCommonchemicalinhibitorsincludechlorine,iodine,andalcoholPhysicaldiscoverymethodsusephysicalfactorssuchasheat,ultravioletlight,andfiltrationtokillorremovemicroorganismsSterilizationreferstothepleteeliminationofallmicroorganisms,includingsporesCommonsterilizationmethodsincludehighpressuresteamsterilization,dryheatsterilization,andchemicalgassterilizationWhenperformingdefectsandsterilizationoperations,itisnecessarytostrictlyfollowtheoperationspecifications,includingthecorrectuseofdefectsandsterilizationequipment,aswellasreasonableoperationproceduresandsafetyprecautionsDiseasemethodsSterilizationmethodsOperationspecificationsOperationmethodsfordiscriminationandsterilizationtechnologyIsolationmeasuresIsolationmeasuresaretakentoseparateaffectedindividualsfromotherstopreventthespreadofthediseaseCommonisolationmeasuresincludeisolationrewards,protectiveclothing,anddiscriminationoftheenvironmentanditemsProtectionmeasuresProtectionmeasuresaretakentoprotectsustainableindividualsfrombeingaffectedCommonprotectionmeasuresincludewearingprotectiveclothing,usingprotectiveequipment,andavoidingcontactwithaffect