高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)-語(yǔ)法強(qiáng)攻-情景交際

高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法強(qiáng)攻情景交際課件情景交際Ⅰ.社會(huì)交往一、問(wèn)候1.基本用語(yǔ):1)見(jiàn)面問(wèn)候：

Goodmorning.Hello/Hi.…2)代向某人問(wèn)候：

Bestwishes/regardstosb.＝giveone’sregardstosb.＝giveone’sbestregardstosb.知識(shí)梳理3)替某人向……問(wèn)好：

say“Hi/Hello”tosb.fromsb.

＝giveone’sregardstosb.Pleaseremembermeto...

回答：Iwill.Thanks.4)—Howdoyoudo?(初次見(jiàn)面)—Howdoyoudo?—Howareyou?(比較熟悉的人)—Fine,thankyou.Andyou?/Verywell,thankyou.—Howareyougettingalongwith...?—Everythingisfine!—Howareyoudoing?—I’mjustgreat!—Howiseverything?—Verywell,thankyou!—Howisyourvacation/holiday/weekend?—Notbad!—What’sup?—Couldn’tbebetter,thankyou!—What’sgoingon?—Justso-so.2.注意要點(diǎn)：1)“Howareyou?”用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的身體情況，可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答，如：Fine/Verywell,thankyou.(very)good不能用來(lái)表示身體健康。假如身體確實(shí)不太舒服并想讓對(duì)方知道，不妨說(shuō)“Nottoowell,I’mafraid.”2)對(duì)于不認(rèn)識(shí)的人，想要他(或她)停下的說(shuō)法：Hey,Sir/Madam！或Justamoment,Sir/Madam.3)與英美人見(jiàn)面寒暄時(shí)，不應(yīng)問(wèn)及他(或她)的年齡、婚否、收入等個(gè)人隱私情況。二、介紹1.基本用語(yǔ):1)ThisisMr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/...MayIintroduceyouto...?I’dlikeyoutomeet...2)Howdoyoudo?Nice/Glad/Pleasedtosee/meetyou.Nicemeetingyou...3)Mynameis...I’ma...(student/teacher，etc.)MayIknowyourname?2．注意要點(diǎn):1)“Nicetomeetyou.”與“Nicetoseeyou.”有一點(diǎn)區(qū)別：前者是初次見(jiàn)面被人介紹相識(shí)后的寒暄用語(yǔ)(認(rèn)識(shí)你很高興)；后者與前者在意思上相同，但是用于熟人之間一段時(shí)間未見(jiàn)面后再次相遇。兩者回答用語(yǔ)與問(wèn)候語(yǔ)相同。2)“Nicetomeetyou.”表示初次見(jiàn)面時(shí)的問(wèn)候，而“Nicemeetingyou.”則是初次見(jiàn)面告別時(shí)的用語(yǔ)。三、告別1．基本用語(yǔ):1)直接的告別語(yǔ)有：

Goodbye/Bye-bye/Bye！

Seeyou(tomorrow)！Seeyoulater!Farewell!Goodnight.2)委婉的告別語(yǔ)有：

I’dliketosaygoodbyetoeveryone.I’mcallingtosaygoodbye.I’mafraidImustbeleaving/offnow.Ithinkit'stimeforustoleavenow.3)其他帶有祝愿以及叮囑等意義的告別語(yǔ)：

I’lllookforwardtoseeingyousoon.Let’shopewe’llmeetagain.Hopetoseeyouagain.Dropinanytimeyoulike.2．注意要點(diǎn):告別前通常要說(shuō)一兩句客套話，如：I’mafraidImustbeoff/goingnow.長(zhǎng)久告別時(shí)，還可同時(shí)表達(dá)希望今后多聯(lián)系(Keep/Getintouch.)、要對(duì)方保重身體(Takecare.)、問(wèn)候?qū)Ψ郊胰?Pleasesendmybestregardstoyourfamily.)等。四、感謝基本用語(yǔ):1)感謝用語(yǔ)：

Thankyouverymuch．

Thanksalot.Manythanks.Thanksfor...It’sverykindofyouto...Iappreciateyourhelp.Thankyouallthesame.It’smostthoughtfulofyou.Idon’tknowhowtoexpressmythanks.2)答語(yǔ)：

Notatall.That’sallright/OK.You’rewelcome.It’sreallynothing.Don’tmentionit.五、道歉1.基本用語(yǔ):1)道歉用語(yǔ)：

I’msorry.I’msorryfor/about...I’msorrytodo...I’msorrytohavedone...Excuse/Pardonme(for...)Pleaseforgivemefor...sb.beafraidthat...Whatapity/shame!It’sapitythat...2)答語(yǔ)：

Itisnotimportant.It’squiteallright.Nevermind.Itdoesn’tmatter(atall).Notatall.It’snothing.That’snothing.Pleasedon’tworry.It’snothingtoworryabout.Don’tmentionit.

That’sokay.Don’tletitbotheryou.2．注意要點(diǎn):1)“Excuseme”常用于下列情形：需要打斷別人談話或工作時(shí)；有求于他人時(shí)；因故需要暫時(shí)離開(kāi)時(shí)；就某事表示不同意見(jiàn)時(shí)；自己的言行將會(huì)影響他人時(shí)。(即：在說(shuō)或做可能令人不悅的事情之前使用以引起別人注意)

打擾別人為“勞駕”；請(qǐng)求別人讓路、向別人問(wèn)路、打聽(tīng)消息意為“對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)問(wèn)……”?；卮饡r(shí)說(shuō)：Yes?2)“Sorry.”說(shuō)話人做了錯(cuò)事或無(wú)意中與別人發(fā)生沖撞時(shí)于事后向他人表示歉意；可表示因不能滿足他人要求而表示歉意。3)“Ibegyourpardon?”表示聽(tīng)話人未能聽(tīng)清楚他人所說(shuō)的話，希望說(shuō)話人重復(fù)所說(shuō)的話時(shí)的禮貌用法，“麻煩再說(shuō)一遍”。4)“I’msorrytohearit/that.”則是對(duì)說(shuō)話者本人或近親屬已經(jīng)發(fā)生的不幸表示遺憾。六、邀請(qǐng)1．基本用語(yǔ):1)Wouldyoucometo...?Wouldyouliketo...?I’dliketoinviteyouto...2)Yes,I’dlove/beglad/happyto(...)．

I’llbegladto.Ofcourse.Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou.Yes,great.Sure.Yes,withpleasure.3)I’dloveto,but...I’msorry,butIcan’t.2.注意要點(diǎn):1)接受他人邀請(qǐng)時(shí)通常還要表示一下感謝：

Yes,I’dloveto.Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou.Yes,withpleasure.2)如果是稍有保留地接受，可這樣說(shuō)：

IwillifIcan.It’sverykindofyoutoinviteme,butI’mnotsureifIcancome.3)拒絕他人的邀請(qǐng)一般不直接說(shuō)No，而要婉言謝絕(通常會(huì)說(shuō)明理由)，并要聲明自己是愿意接受“邀請(qǐng)”的，但因某種原因不能接受，并表示歉意或感謝。常用：

I’dliketo,butI’mtoobusy.Ireallyenjoyit,butI’vegottogonow.IwishIcouldacceptyourinvitation,butI’mafraidIdon’thavetimetogo.Thankyouforyourkindness,butI’vegotanappointmentatthattime.七、祝愿和祝賀基本用語(yǔ)：1)Bestwishestoyou!Iwishyougoodhealth.Goodluck!Goodluckwith...Wishyousuccess！Mayyousuccess/succeed!2)MerryChristmas！3)Congratulations(on...)！Welldone!4)Enjoyyourvacation！EnjoyyourstayinChina.八、提供幫助基本用語(yǔ)：1)提供幫助：

Can/Could/ShallIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?Isthereanything(else)Icandoforyou?Wouldyouliketo...?Canyoudomeafavor?2)接受幫助：

Thatwouldbenice/fine.That'sverykindofyou.Thankyouforyourhelp.Yes,please.Here,takethis/my...九、打1.基本用語(yǔ):Hello！MayIspeakto...?Hello！Is...in?May/CouldIspeakto...?Isthat...(speaking)?Holdon,please.Hello,whoisit/that?He/Sheisn’thererightnow.CanItakeamessageforyou?Thisis...speaking.2.注意要點(diǎn):代接的人叫某人接時(shí)，先對(duì)打的人說(shuō)：Holdon,please.Justaminute,please.然后叫人接：Youarewantedonthephone.There’sacallforyou.十、就餐基本用語(yǔ):Whatwouldyoulike(tohave)...?Wouldyoulikesomething(toeat/drink)?Helpyourselftosome...Letmegiveyou...Makeyourselfathome.I’dlike...Acake/Twoeggs,please.Yes,please.Justalittle,please.I’vehadenough.I’mfull,thankyou.No,thanks.CanIhavethebill,please?It’smytreatthistime.I’llpay.Let’sgoDutchthistime.Waiter!Thebill,please.十一、就醫(yī)聽(tīng)到自己的親人、朋友或熟人等談到有關(guān)身體健康的問(wèn)題時(shí)，如“IthinkIhaveabadcold.”如果是朋友，回答“I’msorrytohearthat.”或“You’dbetterseeadoctor.”如果是說(shuō)給醫(yī)生聽(tīng)，醫(yī)生需用“Takeiteasy.”來(lái)回答。1)醫(yī)生詢問(wèn)病人的用語(yǔ)：

What’sthematterwithyou？

What’swrongwithyou?2)病人應(yīng)答語(yǔ)：

There’ssomethingwrongwithmyback.Ihaveaheadache/Myheadaches.Ihavegotacough.Ihavegotapainhere.Ithurtshereandthere.Idon’tfeelwelltoday.3)醫(yī)生診斷、提建議及安慰用語(yǔ)：

Letmetakeyourtemperature.It’snothingserious.Youhadbetteraskforaleaveandhavearestforafewdays.Drinkmorewaterandhaveagoodrest.Takethesepills3timesaday.十二、提醒注意Don’tforgetyourraincoat.Remembertolockthedoor.Makesurethatallthewindowsareclosed.NoSmoking!NoSpitting!Lookout!Becareful!Wetfloor!Don’ttouch!It’sdangerous!Keepoff!Wetpaint!十三、建議與勸告以建議或者勸告的形式要某人做一件事，不同于直接命令，因?yàn)檎f(shuō)話人只是提出建議，而把做與不做的決定權(quán)留給聽(tīng)話人。對(duì)于他人提出的建議和忠告，若認(rèn)為可以接受，要表示贊賞或感謝。在拒絕對(duì)方的建議時(shí)，一般要給出理由?；居谜Z(yǔ)：1)Iadviseyou(not)to...You’dbetter(not)...Isuggestthatyou(should)...Whynot...?Whydon’tyoudo...?How/Whataboutdoing...?Shallwe...?Let’s...2)Yes,Isupposeso.Yes,butdon’tyouthink...?That’sgreat.That’sagoodidea.Whynot?3)That’simpossible,butthankyouallthesame.It’snotourfault.I’mafraidIcan’tdothat.I’mafraidIcan’tfollowyouradvice.Ⅱ.情感一、高興I’mglad/pleased/happyto...That’snice/wonderful/great.Howwonderful/nice!二、驚奇Really?/Isthatso?Ohdear！/MyGod！Goodheavens!/ThankGoodness！Icanhardlybelievemyears/eyes.三、憂慮What’swrong？What’sthematter(withyou)?Isthereanythingwrong?Oh,whatshallIdo?Wewereallanxiousabout...四、滿意Good！Welldone！Perfect!That’sfine.That’sbetter.That’sgoodenough.I’mpleasedwith…五、遺憾I’msosorry！It’sagreatpity！Whatashame!That’stoobad!IwishIhadnevergivenitup.IfIhadbeenthere,hewouldnothavemadesuchaseriousmistake.六、同情I’msosorry!I’msosorryaboutyourillness.I’msorrytohearyouaregoingaway.Pleaseacceptmydeepsympathy.Ⅲ.態(tài)度一、同意與不同意當(dāng)對(duì)方提出某種觀點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求時(shí)，要表示恰當(dāng)而具體的態(tài)度。要有明確答復(fù)。1.同意：Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.Allright.Yes,Ithinkso.That’strue.Good!Excellent!Whatagoodidea!Itcouldn’tbebetter.That’sagoodidea...It’sagoodideathat...Iagree(withyou).That’stherightthingtodo.2.不同意：No,Idon’tthinkso.I’mafraidnot.I’mafraidI(really)can’tagreewithyou.It’snotverynice.Idon’tthinkthatisagoodidea.Personally,Ifeelthatit’sunwise.Whataterribleidea！Noway！二、肯定與不肯定對(duì)某件事情的真實(shí)性是否肯定、是否有把握，在英語(yǔ)中常用sure，certain，doubt等詞或may，might，must等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)。may，might具有試探性，must表示一種邏輯推斷的必然。此外，為了增強(qiáng)客氣的口吻，表示不肯定時(shí)可以伴隨一些表示遺憾、擔(dān)憂或歉意的表達(dá)方式。三、可能與不可能Hemay...Itispossiblethat...Itislikelythat...Heisnotlikelytodo/that...Itlooksasif/thoughitmightrainlater.Itappearstomethatwe’llhavetogoonfoot.Idoubtthat...That’s/It’squiteimpossible.It’sveryunlikely.That’shardlypossible.That’llneverhappen.四、偏愛(ài)與愛(ài)好Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?Ipreferteatocoffee.prefertodoratherthandopreferdoingtodoingI’dliketogobytrain.Myfavoritesubjectisphysics.I’dratherdrinkcoffeethantea.五、意愿與打算當(dāng)希望別人做某事或者不愿意讓別人做某事，或者表達(dá)自己的一種希望、愿望時(shí)需要恰當(dāng)用詞，這樣才能準(zhǔn)確地傳達(dá)自己的意圖。I’mgoingto...Iwill...Iwouldliketo...Ifeellike...I(donot)wish/want/hopeto...Iwishthat...Iintend/mean/planto...I’mreadyto...Iwouldrathernottellyou.IwoulddoitifIshouldhavethechance.IfonlyIcouldseehim.六、征求或表達(dá)意見(jiàn)在表明自己對(duì)事物的判斷時(shí)，好壞要明確，是非要分明。尤其在對(duì)方干得比較出色時(shí)，要多加鼓勵(lì)。如Welldone！Goodjob！Quiteperfect！等。如果要陳述自己的某些觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，英語(yǔ)中一般要使用一些較委婉的短語(yǔ)，如：inmyopinion,asIseeit,sofarasIknow,personallyspeaking等。交際用語(yǔ)的考查點(diǎn)相對(duì)集中。主要考查社會(huì)交往中的一些日常交際用語(yǔ)。以應(yīng)答為主，提問(wèn)為輔；以跨文化交際中差異明顯的交際項(xiàng)目為重點(diǎn)考查對(duì)象。1.考查習(xí)慣應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。問(wèn)候、告別、打、問(wèn)路、看病、購(gòu)物、感謝、道歉、祝愿、請(qǐng)求等常見(jiàn)的交際話題均有其較為固定的套語(yǔ)。用英美人的思維方式，遵循習(xí)慣進(jìn)行回答。常見(jiàn)回答用語(yǔ)主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：考點(diǎn)歸納1)常用于接受或拒絕請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)的應(yīng)答用語(yǔ)有：Withpleasure./Yes,helpyourself./Noproblem./Goodidea./Sorry,but…/I’dratheryou…/Thankyou,but…/Noway./Forgetit.等。2)常用于感謝的應(yīng)答用語(yǔ)有：That’sallright./Youarewelcome./Don’tmentionit./Itismypleasure(Mypleasure)./Notatall.等。3)常用于道歉的應(yīng)答用語(yǔ)有：Nevermind./Itdoesn’tmatter./Notatall./That’sallright./Thatisnothing.等。4)常用于祝愿和祝賀的應(yīng)答用語(yǔ)有：Goodluck!/Bestwishestoyou!/Haveanicetime!/Congratulations!/MerryChristmas!/Thankyou./Thesametoyou.等。2.考查文化差異語(yǔ)。漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)在交際文化方面有許多共同之處，但也存在諸多差異。這些差異往往是考查的重中之重。避免母語(yǔ)交際定式的干擾，根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的文化交際習(xí)慣來(lái)應(yīng)答是掌握文化差異的關(guān)鍵。3.考查語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)。根據(jù)不同的交際情景，說(shuō)話者會(huì)采用不同的交際用語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的態(tài)度和情感。當(dāng)說(shuō)話人對(duì)剛剛提出的說(shuō)法或意見(jiàn)持肯定態(tài)度時(shí)，可以說(shuō)：Yes，Ithink(suppose,believe)so./Yes,I’mafraidso.對(duì)剛剛提出的說(shuō)法或意見(jiàn)持否定態(tài)度時(shí)，則說(shuō)：No，Idon’tthink(suppose)so./No,Idon’tbelieveso./No,Ibelieve(suppose)not./No,Ihopenot./No,Iamafraidnot.1.—Readingisthebestwaytopasstimeon

thetrain.

—________.Inevergotravellingwithout

abook.

A.Youarejoking

B.That'strue

C.Idon‘tthinkso

D.ItsoundslikefunB2.—I'msorryforbreakingthecup.—Oh,________—I'vegotplenty.

A.forgetit

B.mypleasureC.helpyourselfD.pardonme3.—________！Somebodyhasleftthelabdooropen.—Don'tlookatme.A．DearmeB．Hi,thereC．ThankgoodnessD．ComeonAA4.—IsAnnecomingtomorrow?—________．Ifsheweretocome,shewouldhavecalledme.A．GoaheadB．CertainlyC．That'srightD．Idon'tthinkso5.—Howaboutdinnertonight?It'sonme.—________．

A.YouarewelcomeB.Oh,I'dliketoC.Well,I'mafraidsoD.That'sallrightDB6.—IamgoingtoSpainforaholidaysoon.—________.A.It'smypleasureB.NevermindC.LeaveitaloneD.Goodforyou7.—CouldIusethisdictionary?—________.It'saspareone.A.Goodidea

B.JustgoaheadC.You'rewelcomeD.You'dbetternotDB鞏固練習(xí)—I’msorry,Sir.Igotstuckintheheavysnowonthewaytoworkthismorning.—____youweresolate.Itisnoneofyourbusiness.A.GoaheadB.ForgetitC.Nowonder D.Noway解析：goahead“繼續(xù)”;forgetit“沒(méi)關(guān)系;算了”;nowonder“難怪”;noway“沒(méi)門(mén)”。2.—Youknowwhat?IamgoingtoShanghaionafreetripthisweekend.—____.A.Goodforyou!B.Itisnoneofmybusiness.C.Youmusthavebeencheated.D.Sowhat?解析：Goodforyou!你真行!Itisnoneofmybusiness這不關(guān)我的事;Youmusthavebeencheated你肯定被騙了;Sowhat?那又怎樣?3.—Myfatherisinhospitalagain.—____.Ihopehe’llrecoversoon.A.It’sOKB.SorrytohearthatC.Allright

D.Don’tmentionit解析：Sorrytohearthat聽(tīng)到那件事我很難過(guò);It’sOK/Allright好的;Don’tmentionit別客氣。4.—Willyoucompletethetaskintime?—Sure,Iwill.____.A.EverythingispossibleB.Butit’stoohardC.NomatterwhatwillhappenD.Thoughit’sapieceofcake解析：此處答語(yǔ)部分相當(dāng)于Sure,Iwillcompletethetaskintime,nomatterwhatwillhappen。Nomatterwhatwillhappen是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。5.—Ittookmetwentyyearstobuildupmybusiness,anditalmostkilledme.—Well,youknowwhattheysay.____.A.ThereisnosmokewithoutfireB.PracticemakesperfectC.AllroadsleadtoRomeD.Nopains,nogains解析：“花了我二十年時(shí)間成就事業(yè),費(fèi)了不少勁”可知,另一方則表達(dá)了觀點(diǎn)“不勞無(wú)獲(Nopains,nogains)”。6.—Doyouenjoytheseafoodhere?—____,butI’vegotusedtoitanyway.A.Can’tlikeitbetterB.NotreallyC.Notbadactually

D.I’mreallysorry7.—It’sbeenrainingforawholeweek.Ithinkit’llgetfinesoon.—____.Wearegettingintotherainyseasonnow.A.Yes,itwillB.OfcoursenotC.It’spossibleD.It’shardtosay解析：一方認(rèn)為“天很快會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)晴”,另一方則表示一種“不肯定”的看法:很難說(shuō)。8.—DoyoumindifIopenthedoor?—____.Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot B.I’dratheryoudidn’tC.Goahead D.Pleasecloseit解析：考查回答Doyoumindif...的用語(yǔ)。根據(jù)Ifeelabitcold可知,此處表示“我寧愿你別開(kāi)”。故選B。9.—ItwasannouncedthatanotherstudentinourschoolhadwonthefirstprizeforChinaHighSchoolChemistryOlympiad.—Oh,really?____Hemusthaveputalotofworkintoit.A.Thatsoundsfine. B.That’squitesomething.C.That’s