計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)題目和答案

l.Therearenodifferencesbetweentheinformationprocessorandhuman（人類

的）nervoussystem.

錯(cuò)

2.whatdoes"neuralnetwork"mean?

神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

3.Aprogramisasequenceofthatcanbeexecutedbya

computer.ltcaneitherbebuiltintothehardwareorexistindependentlyinthe

formof.

instructions

software

4.lnformationcanbeinputonlybypeople.

錯(cuò)

5.AfterIfinishedthelastparagraph,Imovedthebacktothe

thirdparagraphanddel_eted

cursor

6.Inthefuture,computersarecapableoforiginalthoughts.

錯(cuò)

7.Computerisabletododifferentkindsoftasks.

對(duì)

8.Justaminute,Tmwaitingforthecomputertoup.It

won'ttakelongtostartit.

boot

9.Computerscannotworkwithouttheinstructionssets.

錯(cuò)

10.Adigitalcomputerisgenerallymadeupoffivedstinctelements:acentral

processingunit

outputdevices

abus

inputdevices

memeorystoragedevices

11Thesedaysitisnotuncommonforonetoseepeopleusing

_everywhere--evenonairplanes.

laptops

12howtotranslatetheword"中央處理器"

centralprocessingunit

13Accordingtothetext,moderndigitalcomputerscanbedividedintofourmajor

categoriesonthebasisofcostandperformance.Theyare

microcomputers

workstation

mainframes

minicomputers

14Oneoftrendsincomputerdevelopmentis,theeffortto

compressmorecircuitelementsintosmallerandsmallerspace

microminiaturization

chip

15Wecandefineacomputerasadevicethat

acceptsinput

processesdata

storesdata

producesoutput

16Aisusedtocommunicatewithanothercomputer

overtelephonelines.

modem

17Youcancomewithmetothemuseumthisafternoon()youdon*tmind

walkingforhalfanhour.

if

18Itlooksasthoughthere()someproblemswithmycomputer.Becauseitisso

slow

were

19Thelargestandfastestcomputersare

supercomputers

20Allcomputerscanperformbasicmachineoperationsunderthecontrolof()

programs

21Thefunctionofcomputerhardwareistypicallydividedintothreemain

categories.Theyare.

input

output

storage

22ADVDholdsevenlessinformationthanaCD.

對(duì)

23Thecomputercandonothingwithoutaprogram

對(duì)

24Computerscanbeclassifiedintomicrocomputer,mainframeand

supercomputerbyitsprogram.

錯(cuò)

25Floppydisksarethesmallesttypeofstorage,holdingonly2.44MB.

錯(cuò)

26Chemicalenergy,（；fromfuelorothermatters,canbetransformedintoheat

energy

whether

27Thesoftwarethatcontrolstheinteractionbetweentheinputandoutput

hardwareiscalledBlOS.whichstandsof

BasicInputOutputSystem

28Aisadevicethatenablesthecomputertohandlesounds

soundcard

29Itlooksasthoughthere()someproblemswithmycomputer.Becauseitisso

slow

were

30Ageneralpurposecomputerhasfourmainsections:一

thememory

thecontrolunit

theinputandoutputdevices

thearithmeticandlogicunit(ALU),

31Windowsgivesyoumorecontrolovertheyouwork.

operation

32.Inthesystemdevelopmentprocess,thesystemanalystdefinestheuser,

needs,requirementsandmethodsinthephase.

analysis

33.Theendequipmentinacommunicationsystemincludes

1.computers

2.CRTs

3.printers

4.keyboards

34.DTEis.

1.dataterminalequipment

2.thelastpieceofequipmentthatbelongedtothesubscriberinadatalink

system

35.Thenetworkarchitectureisalayer-based

對(duì)

36.Controltokenistheonlywayofcontrollingaccesstoasharedtransmission

medium.

對(duì)

37.Now,about()differentvirusesaccountforallthevirusesthatactually

spreadinthewild.

1800

38CDsusuallystoreabout650GB.

對(duì)

39Workstationisamulti-usercomputercapableofsupportingmanyhundreds

orthousandsofuserssimultaneously.

正確

40Acomputerisamulti-functionalelectronicdataprocessingmachineandis

madeupofelectroniccomponents.

正確

41Accordingtothetext,theauthormentionsthreeofthemostcommonlyused

typesofprinter.Theyare

laserprinter

dul-nidlrixprinters;

inkjetprinters

42Thetwomostcommontypesofscannersareand

flatbedscanners

autoscanners

43Smallasitis,apersonalcomputercanperformthesameprograminstructions

as()

largercomputers

44primarymemorywhichisstoredonchipslocated

onthemotherboard

45Ahardwareorsoftwaremalfunctioncancauseasystemto

crash

46Heinsistedonleavingearly(_)Itoldhimnotto

although

47TheabbreviationUSBstandsforUniversalBus.

Serial

48referstothepartsofthecomputerthatyoucanseeandtouch

Hardware

49Amicrocomputer,alsocalledpersonalcomputer,isacomputerdesignedfor

anindividual

對(duì)

50Theattributesofthestackare

FIFO

51Windows2000is

aninventivetechnology

52Office2000isanincrediblesetofbusinesstools.

對(duì)

53ActiveDirectorycanhelpyou

buildacomplexinternationalnetwork

manageeveryresourcewithasinglelogon

getoffthelimitsofdownlevelnetworks

54Commoncontemporaryoperatingsystemsinclude

MacOS

Linux

Solaris

MicrosoftWindows

55Operatingsystemsarenotuniquetotheirmanufacturers.

錯(cuò)誤

56TheWindows2000productlineincludes()

Windows2000Professional

Windows2000AdvancedServer

Windows2000Server

Windows2000DatacenterServer

57MicrosoftWindowscurrentlysupportsand

filesystems

NTFS

FAT

58isawordprocessingtoolthathelpsyoutocreateqcality

documents.

Word

59copyisacopyofacurrentfilemadeinordertoprotectagainstloss

ordamage.

backup

60ActiveDirectorysupports

inheritance

encapsulation

granularaccesscontro

delegationofadministrativetask

61Themostimportantprogramonanycompute"is

OperatingSystem

62Windowsgivesyoumorecontrolovertheyouwork,

operation

63Windows2000is()

usedforbuildingascalablenetwork

aninventivetechnology

newleaseofWindows

64Whenyoupurchaseanewcomputer,anoperatingsoftwaresuitabletcthe

hardwaremustbebought.

對(duì)

65Oneofthefunctionsofanoperatingsystemismemorymanagement.

對(duì)

66Theinfamous“Michelangelo"strikesthousandsofcomputers

everyyearonMarch6th

virus

67Errorrecoverydoesnotbelongtooperatingsystem.

錯(cuò)

68Aprogramcanuseadeviceifthathardwareisunavailable.

錯(cuò)

69Windows2000hasthekeytechnologies,theyare()

flatdirectory

security

enterprisemanagement

activedirectory

70High-levellanguagesmustfirstbetranslatedintoa(n)languagebefore

theycanbeunderstoodandprocessedbyacomputer

Machine

71Astackprotocolcanbeusedfor().

removingthelatestelementins_erted

72High-levellanguagesarecommonlyclassifiedas.

procedure-oriented

functional

logiclanguages

object-oriented

73themostcommonbugsarepoorlogicandsyntacticerror.

對(duì)

74VisualBasichasversions.

three

75Queuesthatoccureverydaylifecanbeseen(i.

inanemergencyroomofahospital

incertainsocietieslackingequality

aspeoplewaitingforserviceatabank

asautomobileswaitingforatrafficlight

76Thehistoryofprogramminglanguagescanbetracedbackalmosttothe

inventionofthecomputerinth1940s.

digital

77Whereasthedecimalsystemisbasedon10,thesystemisbasedon2.

Thereareonlytwodigitsinthelattersystem,0ard1.

binary

78Forsometime,we'vebeenexperiencingsomeinthisparticular

program.Itcannotruninanormalway.

bugs

79Whichoneisnotacomputerlanguages?

word2000

80Amachinelanguageisa(n)languageinbinarycodethatthe

computercanunderstandandexecutedirectly.

low-level

81Wecanclassifyprogramminglanguagesundertwotypes:

—languagesandlanguages.

high-level

low-level

82Theoperationsofastructureddatatypemightacton

astack

thevaluesofthedatatype

componentelementsofthedatastructure

aqueue

83Theearlierinthedevelopmentprocessyoufindaproblem,themoreitcosts

tofix

錯(cuò)

84Usingdebuggeryoucanseeeachinstructionasitexecutes.

對(duì)

85Runtimebugsareeasytofind.

錯(cuò)

86Apowerfuldebuggercanfindnearlyallofbugs.

對(duì)

87Allofusexpecttheprogramsrobust,bug-free.

對(duì)

88Withhigh-powereddebuggersyoushouldputyoursourcecodeintothe

debugger.

對(duì)

89Usingdebuggeryoucannotexamineyourvariables.

對(duì)

90With.NET,Microsoftisopeningupachannelbothtoinother

programminglanguagesandtonon-.NET.(developers;components)

developers

components

91Softwareincludesetc

websites

programs

videogames

mobileapplication

92A(n)translatesallthesourcecodeofaprogramwritteninahigh-

levellanguageintoobjectcodepriortotheexecutionofthprogram.

compiler

93Therearethreetypesofapplicationprogramstotranslatesourcecodein:o

objectcode.Theyare

assemblers

compilers

interpreters

94ThetoolswhichProgrammingsoftwareusuallyprovidesinclude:

linkers

texteditors

interpreters

debuggers

compilers

95OneofthedifferencesbetweenC#andJavaisthatJavarunsonanyplatform

withaJavaVirtualwhileC#onlyrunsinWindowsfortheforeseeable

future.

Machine

96Newerideasincomputingsuchashaveradicallyalteredthe

traditionalconceptsthatoncedeterminedprogramformandfunction

datamining

parallelcomputing

distributedcompu:ing

artificialintelligence

97Computerprogramsfallintotwomajorclasses:and

applicationprograms

operatingsystems

98Inthecaseofa(n),aprogramistranslatedintoexecutableformand

executedonestatmentatatimeratherthanbeingtranslatedcompletely

beforeexecution.

interpreter

99A(n)isasequenceofcodeinaprogramexecutedrepeatedly.either

froafixednumberoftimesoruntilacertainconditionismet.

Loop

100J2EEisasingle-languageplatform;callsfrom/toobjectsinotherlanguages

arepossiblethrough,butt

hiskindofsupportisnotaubiquitouspartoftheplatform.

CORBA

101Computersoftware,orjustsoftwareisageneraltermusedtodescribea

collectionofcomputerprograms,proceduresanddocumentationthatperform

sometasksonacomputersystem.Thetermincludes:

Applicationsoftwaresuchaswordprocessorswhichperformproductive

tasksforusers

Middlewarewhichcontrolsandco-ordinatesdistributedsystems.

Firmwarewhichissoftwareprogrammedresidenttoelectrically

programmablememorydevicesonboardmainboardsorothertypesof

integratedhardwarecarriers.

102Thedevelopmentorocessinthesoftwarelifecycleinvolvesfourphases:

analysis,design,implementation,and.

analysis

design

implementation

testing

103Softwareengineerngisrelatedtothedisciplinesof

computerscience

projectmanagement

systemsengineering

104Inthesystemdevelopmentprocess,modularityisaverywell-established

principleusedinthephase.

design

105Inthesystemdevelopmentprocess,thesystemanalystdefinestheuser,

needs,requirementsandmethodsinthephase.

analysis

106Inthesystemdevelopmentprocess,thecodeiswritteninthe

______phase.

implementation

107Inthesystemdevelopmentprocess,andpseudocode

aretoolsusedbyprogrammersintheimplementationphase.

flowcharts

108Datacanreducetheamountofdatasentorstoredby

partiallyeliminatinginherentredundancy.

compression

109Therevolutionofthesoftwareindustryisproducinggood,solid,bulletproof

programsatlowcostandontime.

對(duì)

110Themostcommonlyusedtoolinthedesignphaseisthe

structurechart

111Theaspectofthat,Newcapabilitiescanbeaddedtothesoftwarewithout

majorchangestotheunderlyingarchitectureiscalledExtensibility

對(duì)

112Softwareengineersdevelopsoftwaretoolsandcollectionsoftoolscalled

programmingenvironmentstoimprovethedevelopmentprocess.

對(duì)

113Requirementsanalysisisnotcriticaltothesuccessofadevelopmentproject

錯(cuò)

114Withinsoftwareengineering,programmingisregardedasonephaseina

softwaredevelopmentprocess.

對(duì)

115Thereareanumberofprocesses,activitiesandpracticesthatareuniqueto

maintainers,forexample

Transition:acontrolledandcoordinatedsequenceofactivitiesduringwhich

asystemistransferredprogressivelyfromthedevelopertothemaintainer

ServiceLevelAgreements(SLAs)andspecialized(domain-specific)

maintenancecontractsnegotiatedbymaintainers

ModificationRequestandProblemReportHelpDesk:aproblem-handling

processusedbymaintainerstoprioritize,documentsandroutetherequests

theyreceive

ModificationRequestacceptance/rejection:rrodificationrequestworkover

acertainsize/effort/complexitymayberejectedbymaintainersandreroutecto

adeveloper

116Computerprogrammingistheprocessof

—thesourcecodeofcomputerprograms

writing

testing

debugging

maintaining

117whichaspecthavetobeconsideredinthedesignofapieceofsoftware.

Compatibility

Extensibility

Fault-tolerance

Maintainability

Marketability

Modularity

Packaging

118Thetypes(classes,structs,enums,andsoon)associatedwitheach.NET

dataproviderarelocatedintheirownnamespacesare

System.Data.SqlClient.ContainstheSQLServer.NETDataProvidertypes.

System.Data.OracleClient.ContainstheOracle.NETDataProvider

System.Data.OleDb.ContainstheOLEDB.NETDataProvidertypes.

System.Data.Odbc.ContainstheODBC.NETDataProvidertypes.

System.Data.Containsprovider-independenttypessuchastheDataSetand

DataTable.

119ThecoreofSQLisformedbyacommandlanguagethatallowsthe

andperformingmanagementandadministrativefunctions.

retrievalofdata

ins_ertionofdata

updatingofdata

deletionofdata

120,suchastheSQLServerandOracleproviders,typicallyoffer

performanceimprovementsdue,inpart,tothefactthatthereisonelesslayerof

abstraction.

Nativeproviders

121Databaseconnectionallowsanapplicationtoreusean

existingconnectionfromapoolinsteadofrepeatedlyestablishinganew

connectionwiththedatabase.

pooling

122Allofthesedatabasescannottakeadvantageofindexingtoincreasetheir

speed

錯(cuò)

123DBMSarecategorzedaccordingtothedatabasemodelthattheysupport.

對(duì)

124EnforcingsecurityisoneofthemajortasksoftheDBA.

對(duì)

125AcomputerdatabasereliesuponDBMStoorganizethestorageofdata,

對(duì)

126Databasesecuritydenotesthesystem,processes,andproceduresthat

protectadatabasesoftwarefromunintendedactivity.

錯(cuò)

127InSQL,causesanobject(atable,forexample)tobecreated

withinthedatabase.

create

128ADO.NETisthemodelfcr.NET-basedapplications,

(dataaccess)

dataaccess

129ADO.NETreliesontheservicesof.NETdataproviders.Thereare

Connection

Command

DataReader

DataAdapter

130,suchasthosesuppliedforOLEDBandODBC,allowyoutousedata

librariesdesignedforearlierdataaccesstechnologies

Bridgeproviders

131ifwewanttoretrievedatafromthedatabasewithSQL,weshouldusethe

comandof

sei_ect

132Securityisusuallyenforcedthrough

auditing

encryption

accesscontrol

133arelationaldatabaseisjustonlyacollectionofrelations.

錯(cuò)

134Threetechniqueshavebeenadoptedforuseofthemediumaccesscontrol

intheLANs

錯(cuò)

135LANmaybeusedtointerconnectcomputer-basedequipmentdistributed

aroundafactoryorhospitalcomplex.

錯(cuò)

136A(n)isusuallyacomputerinstalledwiththenecessary

softwareandallowstwonetworks,eachwithacompletelydifferentsetof

protocols,tocommunicate.

gateway

137TheOSImodelisafoundationforallcomparngprotocols.

錯(cuò)

138Thenetworkarchitectureisalayer-based.

對(duì)

139TheOSImodelhaslayers.

seven

140TheOSImodelwasnotcreatedbytheISO.

錯(cuò)

141ALAN(Localareadatanetworks)isagroupofcomputersandthenetwork

devicesconnectedtogetherusuallywithinthedifferentbuildings.

錯(cuò)

142WithLANs,thelimitedphysicalseparationofthesubscriberDTEsallows

simplertopologiestobeused.

對(duì)

143Thefourtopologiesincommonusearestar,"outer,ringandhub.

對(duì)

144Controltokenistheonlywayofcontrollingaccesstoasharedtransmission

medium.

對(duì)

145TCPmeansitisonthenetworklayerandIPmeansitisonthetransport

layerseparately.

錯(cuò)

146TheApplicationlayerinTCP/IPModeliscorrespondto

inOSIModel

ApplicationLayer

PresentationLayer

SessionLayer

147providestransparenttransferofdatabetweenendusers,provicing

reliabledatatransferservicestotheupperlayers

TheTransportLayer

148ThereareAB_betweentheDTEs.

communicationsequipment

willbereplacedbyanupd_atedstandard

149WhereasarepeateroperatesonlyinthephysicallayeroftheOSImodela

bridgeoperatesinboththephysicallayerandthelayerof

theOSImodel

data-link

150A(n)isaconnectingdevicethatonlyregeneratesthe

signal.

repeater

151ThepurposeoftheAistoprovidefullyintegratedanalogservicestousers.

ISDN

152Aisasetofrulesthatcontrolstheinteractionofdifferentdevicesin

anetworkorinternetwork.

protocol

153ALANisgenerallylimitedtothesizeofadepartmentoranorganization

andoftenconsistsof2to100devices

對(duì)

154Mostwideareanetworks,suchasthePSTN,notuseamesh(sometimes

referredtoasanetwork)topology

錯(cuò)

155Theequipment_

manipulatesdigitainformationinternallyinwordunits

transfersthenumberofbitsinserialform

156Designofanetworkanditslogicalstructureshouldcomplywithasetof

designprinciples

對(duì)

157Thedistinctionbetweenthetwotermsgatewayandis

disappearing.Theyarenowusedinterchangeably.

router

158AworkingGIScontainsfivekeycomponets.Theyare_

hardware

data

people

methods

software

159InformationSystemshasanumberofdifferentareasofwork:

InformationSystemsStrategy

InformationSystemsManagement

InformationSystemsDevelopment

160Somecommentatorssaytheoutcomeoftheinformationrevolutionislikely

tobeasprofoundastheshiftin

ServiceIndustry

agricultural

industrial

handicraftindustry

161GISworkwithtwofundamentallydifferenttypesofgeographicmodels.They

arethe

vectormodel

rastermodel

162Theircompanyusedinternationallawyerstoprosecuteacrimering

involvingsoftwareinThailand.

piracy

163Inelectroniccommerce.informationsearchanddiscoveryservicesinclude

softwareagents

electroniccatalogs

directories

informationfilters

searchengines

164Electroniccommercemaybedefinedastheentiresetofprocessesthat

suportactivitiesona(n)andinvolveinformationanalysis.

commercial,network

165Designersofonlineshopsshouldconsidertheeffectsofinformationload.

對(duì)

166日ectronicmoneyisalsocalleddigitalcashorelectronictoken

對(duì)

167Somecommonapplicationsrelatedtoelectroniccommercearethe

following

Email

Enterprisecontentmanagement

Instantmessaging

Newsgroups

Onlinebanking

Teleconferencing

Shoppingcartsoftware

168whichisthetypeofelectroniccommerceinthefollowingchoice

B2B

B2C

169Somerestaurantshaveprovidedtouchcomputersto

enabletheircustomerstoorderfoodviathecomputerwithouthavingtotell

someone.

screen

170Onlinecontentprovidersmakemoneyintwoways:advertisementsand

selling

錯(cuò)

171Electroniccommercethatisconductedbetweenbusinessesisreferredtoas

business-to-businessor

B2B

172Ingeneral,shoppinghasalwayscateredtomiddleclassandupperclass

women

錯(cuò)

173AWebsiteisoftenmoreeffectiveasa(n)toolthana

sellingtool.

Marketing

174Electroniccommercethatisconductedbetweenbusinessesandconsumers,

ontheotherhand,isreferredtoas

B2C

175Acompany'sabilitytodeployandsupportcustomer-oriented

systemsw川beofvitalimportancetoitsprosperity

e-Business

176AccordingtoIntel,therearestagesinthe

evlolutionofe_Business

Four

177WhenmostpeoplethinkofopeningaWebbusiness,thefirstthingthat

springstomindissellingproductsoronline.

services

178Onlineshoppingistheprocessconsumersgothroughtopurchaseproducts

orservicesovertheInternet

對(duì)

179()isatypeofexecutablefile

COMfile

EXEfile

180Theauthorthinksthatunderstandinghowanattackerapproachesyour

computersystemcanhelpyouprotectit

對(duì)

181Michelangeloisafilesector.

錯(cuò)

182Somevirusesuse()and()techniquestohidetheirexistence.

stealth

polymorphic

183Computervirusmayaffecttheyourphisicalhealth

對(duì)

184Computersecurityisabranchoftechnology<nownasinformationsecurity

asappliedtocomputers.

對(duì)

185Virusesallhavetwophasestotheirexecuticn,the()andthe().

infectionphase

attackphase

186TheWhalewillcreate()differentversionsofitselfwhenitinfectsfiles.

33

187Someviruses,withnoattackphase,oftendamagetheprogramsordisks

theyinfectbecausethey()

havebugsinthem

containpoorqualitycode

188Now,about()differentvirusesaccountforallthevirusesthatactually

spreadinthewild.

1800

189Now,about()differentvirusesaccountforallthevirusesthatactually

spreadinthewild

30

190Manyvirusesgoresidentinthememorylikea().

tsrprogram

191Manyvirusesdoharmfulthingssuchas()

deletingfiles

simulatingtypos

slowingyourPCdown

changingrandomdataonyourdisk

192Thedata,whentheyarenotencrypted,arecalled

plaintext

193()maybeacertaincausethatsomevirusesinfectupon

aday

atime

anexternaleventonyourPC

acounterwithinthevirus

194Anti-Virusprotectsyourcomputerfromvirusesbyyour

computer'smemoryanddiskdevices.

scanning

195In2000,thenumberofvirusestopped()

50000

196Virusescandelaytheirattackfor().

years

weeks

months

days

197Confidentialityofthemessageisnotenoughinasecurecommunication;_

isalsoneeded.Thereceiverneedstobesureofthesender'sidentity

authentication

198Avirusisa

program

199Ifavirussimplyreproduceandhavenocauseforanattackphase,butitwill

still()withoutyourpermission

stealingstorage

pilferCPUcycles

200whichisthethreattocomputersecurityinthefollowingchoices

ComputerCriminas

ComputerCrime

earthquake

HumanErrors

201Similartoviruses,youcanalsofindmaliciouscodein().

TrojanHorses

worms

logicbombs

202Whatmakeitisdifficulttoagreeonhowtocountviruses?

newvirusarisefromanexistingvirus

somevirusescancreatedifferentversionswhentheyinfectother

programs

justatrivialchangemaycreatea