2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Module5TheGreatSportsPersonalitySectionⅡGrammar-復(fù)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案含解析外研版必修5

PAGEModule5TheGreatSportsPersonalitySectionⅡGrammar——復(fù)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句[語(yǔ)法圖解][課文原句感知]①Whenheretiredattheageof26,hehadwon106goldmedalsinmajorcompetitionsacrosstheworld.②Astheleadercomesintothestadiumtorunthelastfewmetresofthe42-kilometrerace,thecrowdrisestoitsfeettoshoutandcheer.③Ifyougointoaschooloruniversityanywhere,thechancesareyouwillseestudentsinLiNingtracksuitswiththefamiliarlogo.④Buteventhoughhehadwoneverythingitwaspossibletowininhissport,LiNingretiredwiththefeelingthathehadfailed.⑤WheneverChineseathletesstepoutontothetrackduringthe2008Olympics,theywillbewearingLiNingtracksuits.⑥WhileIdon'tlikehisdesignatall,Iattendedthemeeting.[語(yǔ)法領(lǐng)悟](1)句①和句②用了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；句③用了條件狀語(yǔ)從句；句④、句⑤和句⑥用了讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以用no_matter_when來(lái)替代。一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1．when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。WhenIlivedthere，IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.我住在那里時(shí)，星期天常到海濱去。[名師點(diǎn)津]when還可作并列連詞，意為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，常用于beabouttodo...when...；bedoing...when...；hadjustdone...when...；beonthepointofdoing...when...等結(jié)構(gòu)中。2．while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.別人工作時(shí)，請(qǐng)別大聲談話。[名師點(diǎn)津]while還可表示“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；也可作并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。WhileIunderstandyouropinion，Idon'tagreewithyou.盡管我明白你的觀點(diǎn)，但我不贊成。Heisstrongwhilehisbrotherisweak.他長(zhǎng)得很牢固，而他弟弟卻很瘦弱。3．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同時(shí)發(fā)生，可譯為“隨著；一邊……一邊……”。Asyougrowolder，you'llknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你會(huì)越來(lái)越了解你自己。4．till和until在確定句中主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是持續(xù)性的，而在否定句中主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是非持續(xù)性的；till不行位于句首，而until可以。Iwaitedattheschoolgateuntil/tillhecame.我在校門(mén)口始終等到他來(lái)。Ididn'tleaveuntil/tillhecameback.直到他回來(lái)我才離開(kāi)。[名師點(diǎn)津]not...until句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句N(xiāo)otuntilnineo'clockyesterdayeveningdidwefinishthework.直到昨晚九點(diǎn)，我們才完成這項(xiàng)工作。Itwasnotuntilnineo'clockyesterdayeveningthatwefinishedthework.直到昨晚九點(diǎn)，我們才完成這項(xiàng)工作。5．before意為“在……之前；還未……就……；……才……；還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……”。before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的常用句型：①I(mǎi)twas＋時(shí)間段＋before從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))“過(guò)了多久才……”Itwassometimebeforewerealizedthetruth.過(guò)了一段時(shí)間我們才意識(shí)到真相。②Itwasn'tlong＋before從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))“不久就……”Itwasn'tlongbeforetherestoftheteamlearnedwhatwashappening.沒(méi)過(guò)多久團(tuán)隊(duì)的其他人就明白了這是怎么回事。③Itwillbe＋時(shí)間段＋before從句(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))“要過(guò)多久才……”ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.半年之后我才會(huì)回來(lái)。④Itwon'tbelong＋before從句(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))“不久就……”Itwon'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.不久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)面。6．since意為“自從……以來(lái)”，since引導(dǎo)的從句的時(shí)態(tài)若是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則主句的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。since常用于以下句型：Itis/hasbeen＋時(shí)間段＋since...“自從……以來(lái)多久了”，從句謂語(yǔ)用短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)了多久；用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作停止了多久。It'salongtimesincewemetlast.自從我們上次見(jiàn)面以來(lái)已經(jīng)好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehesmoked.他戒煙已經(jīng)三年了。7．a(chǎn)ssoonas，immediately，directly，instantly，themoment/minute/instant，nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...等都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“一……就……”。IrecognizedherthemomentIsawher.我一望見(jiàn)她就認(rèn)出她來(lái)了。[名師點(diǎn)津]nosooner...than...和hardly...when...結(jié)構(gòu)中，nosooner與hardly引導(dǎo)的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而than與when的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.我們剛到車(chē)站，火車(chē)就離站了。8．thefirsttime，every/eachtime，nexttime，bythetime等也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。ThefirsttimehewenttoShanghai，hepaidavisittohisformerteacher.第一次去上海，他就探望了他以前的老師。[即學(xué)即練1](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)wasabouttosaywhenyouinterruptedme.②Itwillnotbelongbeforeyougetusedtothelifehere.③Immediately(immediate)hecameback,hismothertoldhimthenews.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Hismotherwenttobedafterhecameback.→Hismotherdidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhecameback.⑤ThemomentIsawhim,Igavehimallthebooks.→IgavehimallthebooksassoonasIsawhim.⑥Hecametoourschoolthreemonthsago.→Itisthreemonthssincehecametoourschool.二、條件狀語(yǔ)從句1．if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示正面的條件，意為“假如”；unless(＝ifnot)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示負(fù)面的條件，意為“除非，假如不”。Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.假如你考試不及格，你會(huì)讓他悲觀的。Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.＝Y(jié)ouwillfailtoarrivethereintimeifyoudonotstartearlier.假如你不早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身，你就不能剛好趕到那兒。[名師點(diǎn)津]if從句還表示不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件或根本不行能存在的條件，也就是一種虛擬的條件或假設(shè)，從句多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.假如我是你，我會(huì)邀請(qǐng)他參與聚會(huì)。IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.假如沒(méi)有堵車(chē)，我會(huì)到得早一點(diǎn)兒。2．incase,onconditionthat,providing/provided(that),supposing/suppose(that)等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“假如，假使；在……條件下”(比if更為書(shū)面化)。Hewon'tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovidedthatweaskforhisadviceinadvance.假如我們提前征求一下他的看法，他就不會(huì)在會(huì)上反對(duì)我們。[名師點(diǎn)津]incase所引導(dǎo)的從句為主句的動(dòng)作供應(yīng)理由，從句接一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”這一虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Don'tgoouttomorrowmorningincaseMrLishouldcometovisityou.明天上午不要出去，以防李先生來(lái)看你。3．so/aslongas/onconditionthat引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“只要”。As/SolongasIknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.只要我知道錢(qián)是平安的，我就不會(huì)擔(dān)憂。[即學(xué)即練2](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)fhecomes(come)toseeme,Iwilltellhimwhathashappened.②IfIwere(be)you,Iwouldnotdoitlikethis.(2)完成句子③只要你能按時(shí)來(lái)參與會(huì)議，老板就會(huì)興奮的。Thebosswillbehappysolongasyoucanattendthemeetingontime.④除非他邀請(qǐng)我，否則我是不會(huì)去參與他的聚會(huì)的。Iwon'tgotohispartyunlessheinvitesme.三、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1．though,although,evenif,eventhough都有“雖然，即使，盡管”的意思，evenif,eventhough語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，though和although語(yǔ)氣較弱。though不如although正式；though可用于假設(shè)，although用于陳述“事實(shí)”。Hewillnevertellyouthetruthevenifheknowsit.即使他知道真相，他也絕不會(huì)告知你(們)。[名師點(diǎn)津]though和although不與but連用，但可與yet或still連用。Althoughshehasalotofmoney,yet/stillsheisnothappy.雖然她有許多錢(qián)，但她并不歡樂(lè)。2．while也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，突出對(duì)比主句和從句所表示的兩種狀況。Whileheisyoung,heisexperienced.他雖然年輕，卻有閱歷。3．疑問(wèn)詞＋ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)相當(dāng)于“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞”，二者可換用。但“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而“疑問(wèn)詞＋ever”中的whatever,whoever,whomever等還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Whatever(＝Nomatterwhat)happens,wewillnotchangeourmind.無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事，我們都不會(huì)變更想法。It'sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhatever(≠nomatterwhat)he/shewants.一個(gè)小孩想要什么就給他/她什么，一般被認(rèn)為是不明智的。4．though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可以倒裝，也可以不倒裝，但as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句必需倒裝。要把從句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞(提前后，不帶冠詞)或形容詞、作狀語(yǔ)的副詞或作謂語(yǔ)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前。Hardasshetried,shefailedtopasstheexam.盡管她努力了，但還是沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.盡管失敗了，他也決不會(huì)放棄。Intelligentstudentasheis,hedoesn'tstudyhard.盡管他是個(gè)聰慧的學(xué)生，但他學(xué)習(xí)不努力。[即學(xué)即練3]完成句子①盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但他會(huì)說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。Childas/thoughheis,_hecanspeakthreelanguages.②他很忙。即使他想陪他的兒子也沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間。Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhissonevenifhewantsto.③無(wú)論你選擇誰(shuí)，我都會(huì)支持你。Whoeveryouchoose,_Iwillsupportyou.鏈接高考——單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·北京)Ifwedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.2．(2024·北京)Howeverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities.3．(2024·江蘇)Unlessyoucansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.4．(20