完形填空做題五大方法課件高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

完形填空做題五大技巧Areyoustillstrugglingtoreadclozetests?Areyoustillworriedaboutnotbeingabletodotheclozetests?Fearnomore!Followme.FANTION指導(dǎo)：xxxCONTENTS01.

完形填空基本信息02.

五大常用方法03.

完型填空上手練04.

課程總結(jié)01BasicInformation完形填空全面考查學(xué)生的語言知識、閱讀理解能力和總體語言水平。解題過程是對語篇中的缺失信息進(jìn)行猜測、推斷、驗(yàn)證的過程，通常我們可以借助語篇的上下文線索以及文化背景知識等進(jìn)行解題。完形填空總體要求1.題材常為說明文或夾敘夫議的文章2.內(nèi)容完整,邏輯性強(qiáng),語言結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)3.考察近義詞語細(xì)微差別的辨析4.考察重點(diǎn)多為實(shí)詞:名/代/動詞/形容/副詞等.5.關(guān)注語境背景知識,側(cè)重上下關(guān)聯(lián),暗示判斷能力.6.側(cè)重于篇章,體現(xiàn)語用判斷和內(nèi)在邏輯完型填空特點(diǎn)文章單詞、選項(xiàng)單詞太多不認(rèn)識認(rèn)識單詞，翻譯代入，常常選錯(cuò)句子里語法讀不懂句子翻譯與文章本意大相徑庭完型填空常見誤區(qū)總的原則:先完意，后完形八字方針:上下求索，瞻前顧后三步曲:讀--填--讀遇到這些難題，我們應(yīng)該怎么做？解題方法02FiveCommonTechniques上下文語境context完形填空中的每一道題的答案，在文中必有依據(jù)。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根據(jù)空格前后所提供的信息，結(jié)合常識進(jìn)行適度的推理，作出符合邏輯的判斷，從而選出正確的答案。例題：ItjusthappenedthatIwasplanninganotherPNP

flight

withanother

pilot,Karen,whoofferedtotaketheirdog,

Tiffy,fromKansasCitytoVirginia…

The

flight

wasuneventful,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she

54

withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.54.A.returned

B.fought

C.flew

D.agreed詞語辨析與固定搭配worddistinctionsorcollocations依靠考生的詞匯積累，從單詞詞性、含義、習(xí)慣搭配等語法方面進(jìn)行詞匯辨析，確定正確答案。固定搭配又分詞匯、短語、句型固定搭配,比如：viceverse；beashamedof;Itwasn’tlongbefore…不久就……Theycouldn’treadorwrite.Theydidn’tliketoworkandtheynever___12___baths.

A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配takeabath，意為“洗澡”。語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)informationgiveninthepassage語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesorears.47.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor.邏輯推理logicalinference考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法、邏輯關(guān)系（因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系、平行結(jié)構(gòu)等）和文章的感情色彩分析結(jié)合起來運(yùn)用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme___5___throughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.

A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain

【解析】這篇文章講述的是沒有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作者找到工作的故事。此題的解題關(guān)鍵詞是carefully，既然是“認(rèn)真地看”，就不會是inaminute(立刻、馬上);既然互不相識，作者也未曾去找過工作，不會是asusual(像往常一樣);前面沒說已經(jīng)打量過作者一次了，所以用onceagain(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B.文化背景和常識culturalbackgroundandcommonsense語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。例:After___2___theBritishflagatthePole,theytookaphotographofthemselvesbeforetheystartedthe950-milejourneyback.

A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying【解析】根據(jù)常識，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費(fèi)好大的勁將旗插進(jìn)極地，plant在這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案為plant。03Areyouready?Let`spractice

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1342小試牛刀OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave___41___thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her___42___camebecauseshewascarryinga___43___acrossthefinishline.41.A.designedB.followedC.changedD.finished42.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuse43.A.judgeB.volunteerC.classmateD.competitor

1342小試牛刀Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher___44___whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She___45___tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith___46___.Shecouldn't.Baileythen___47___toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget___48___attention.44.A.raceB.schoolC.townD.training45.A.agreedB.returnedC.stoppedD.promised46.A.courageB.aidC.patienceD.advice47.A.wentawayB.stoodupC.steppedasideD.bentdown48.A.medicalB.publicC.constantD.equalGoaway離開

Standup站起來Stepaside讓位

1342小試牛刀Oncethere,Lenouewas___49___andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme___50___tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.49.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated50.A.hungerB.painC.coldD.tiredness

1342小試牛刀AsforBailey,sheismore___51___aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig___52___“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't___53___her.”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”51.A.worriedB.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged52.A.gameB.problemC.lessonD.deal53.A.leaveB.cureC.botherD.understand

Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe___54___,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe______ofhumankindnesswontheday.54.A.rideB.testC.meetD.show55.A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange15%40%20%25%01五大常用方法1.上下文語境02做題技巧首句不設(shè)空八字方針:上下求索，瞻前顧后（找線索）三步曲:讀--填--讀名稱縮寫法詞性判斷法排除法03提分法寶1.背單詞2.做題并反思2.詞語辨析與固定搭配3.語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)：同義替換，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)5.文化背景和常識4.邏輯推理文章總結(jié)display1342文章總結(jié)與反思OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhavefinishedthecourseearlierthanshedid.Herdelaycamebecauseshewascarryingacompetitoracrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughherracewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.Shestoppedtohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwithaid.Shecouldn't.BaileythenbentdowntoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldgetmedicalattention.Wouldhavedone本會做

Musthavedone對過去動作的肯定推測Mighthavedone對過去動作的可能性推測display1342文章總結(jié)與反思OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhavefinishedthecourseearlierthanshedid.Herdelaycamebecauseshewascarryingacompetitoracrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughherracewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.Shestoppedtohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwithaid.Shecouldn't.BaileythenbentdowntoletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldgetmedicalattention.Benddown彎下腰

1342文章總結(jié)與反思Oncethere,Lenouewasassessedandlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.ShewouldhavestruggledwithextremepaintomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.AsforBailey,sheismoreconfusedaboutwhyheractisconsideredabigdeal“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn'tleaveher.”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethemeet,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthedisplayofhumankindnesswontheday.文章總結(jié)與反思hundredsof數(shù)以百計(jì)的across-countryrace越野賽跑shouldhavedone過去本應(yīng)做卻沒有做thefinishline終點(diǎn)線infrontof/inthefrontof在….前面stopptodo/stopdoing停下來做/停止做fellow同伴takeone`sarm挽住胳膊walkforward向前走benddown彎下腰c(diǎn)limbontoone`sback爬上背getmedicalattention接受醫(yī)療

wouldhavedone本會做aidcheckpoint援助點(diǎn)beconfusedabout對…感到困惑abigdeal一件大事Goaway離開

Standup站起來Stepaside讓位Be

in

pain處于痛苦之中文章總結(jié)與反思hundredsof數(shù)以百計(jì)的across-countryrace越野賽跑shouldhavedone過去本應(yīng)做卻沒有做thefinishline終點(diǎn)線infrontof/inthefrontof在….前面stopptodo/stopdoing停下來做/停止做fellow同伴takeone`sarm挽住胳膊walkforward向前走benddown彎下腰Wouldhavedone本會做

Musthavedone對過去動作的肯定推測Mighthavedone對過去動作的可能性推測課后練習(xí)Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46---hedidn'tendupinthecreek.Mythree-yearold,however,did.41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed課后練習(xí)Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetrieda