山東省臨沂市2024-2025學年高二上學期期中考試英語 含解析

2023級普通高中學科素養(yǎng)水平監(jiān)測試卷英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanthinkofpartnerdancing?AItincreasespressure.B.Itcausesdisagreements.C.Itimprovesperformance.2.Whatisthemangoingtodotoday?A.Walkhisdog.B.Gotothebank.C.Shopforbooks.3.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoShoeZone?A.It’shisfavoriteshop.B.Itsellsthelateststyleofshoes.C.Itmightmeetthewoman’staste.4.WhendidMaryhandinherhomework?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.5.Whatisdifficultfortheman?A.Postingpackages.B.Creatinganaccount.C.Collectingsecond-handclothes.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下2個小題。6.Whatdidthewomanthink“LOL”mean?A.Laughingoutloud.B.Lovingourlives.C.Lotsoflove.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Callherfriends.B.Delivermessages.C.Visittheman’saunt.聽下面一段對話，回答以下2個小題。8.Whichsongwillthewomansing?A.“TinyDancer”.B.“AllByMyself”.C.“RockWithYou”.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritesingers.B.Rulesofchoosingsongs.C.Preparationsforacompetition.聽下面一段對話，回答以下3個小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaforest.B.Athome.C.Inapetstore.11.Whyisthebabybirdonthegroundaccordingtothewoman?A.Thewinddestroyeditshome.B.Itfellfromatreeonitsown.C.Itsparentsleftitbehind.12.Whatdothespeakersplantodowiththebabybirdnow?A.Waitforitsparentbirds.B.Bringittotheirhome.C.Putitbackinatree.聽下面一段對話，回答以下4個小題。13.Whoistheman?A.Arestaurantowner.B.Atourguide.C.Asinger.14.Whydoesn’tthefestivaltakeplaceyearly?A.Ittakeslotsofpreparation.B.It’snotpopularenough.C.Itlacksenoughfunds.15.Whatisthemainbenefitofthefestivalaccordingtothespeakers?A.Improvingroadconditions.B.Supportinglocalbusinesses.C.Creatingmorerelaxingactivities.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下4個小題。17.WhenwasGeorgeTownfounded?A.In1400.B.In1786.C.In1824.18.Whichindustrywerebothcitiescenteredonaccordingtothespeaker?A.Trade.B.Art.C.Tourism.19.WhatdoMelakaandGeorgeTownhaveincommon?A.Theyareinfluencedbymixedcultures.B.Theyarelocatedonthesamecoastline.CTheywerefoundedbytheBritish.20.WhatisJonkerStreetknownfor?A.Streetsigns.B.Streetart.C.Streetfood.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ANationalGeographichasbeenpublishingthebestmapsforoveracentury.Italsoprovidesglobaltravelerswiththeperfectcombinationofdetailandviewinahighlyfunctionaltraveltool.Explorethemaptitlesbelowandgetthemapsyouneedforthetripofalifetime.3302:IcelandMap$9.95Inadditiontoaclearlymarkedroadnetworkwithdistancesanddestinationsformajorroads,theexpertlyresearchedmapdeliversplentyofcontentnotfoundintraditionalroadmaps.Anexactindex(羅列)willhelpyouarriveatyourdestinationquickly.Theperfectmappingofremoteroadswillhelpyouexploresafelyafterfieldtestingbyourprofessionalteam.3117:AlaskaMap$14.95Alaskaissuchavastlandthatitisbeyondimagination.It’sknownforitsdramatic,diversegeographicfeaturesofwide-openspaces,mountains,andforests,withawealthofwildlifeandmanysmalltowns.Alaska’smostfamoushotspots,likeDenali,Anchorage,theInsidePassage.KlondikeColdRushNationalHistoricalPark,andmanyothers,areclearlymarkedonthemap.3324:CroatiaMap$12.49Called“thetreasureoftheAdriatieSea”,Croatia’smedieval(中世紀的)citiesandgreenish-blueseasmakethissmallMediterraneancountrybigonadventure.StartyouradventureatthewaterfallsofPlitviceLakes,VisitthetwomostbeautifulriversinEurope,theZrmanjaandKrupa,ortakeyourlittleboattotheElafitiislandsintheAdriaticSea.3205:KenyaMap$14.95Scenicroutes,four-wheel-drivetracks,andothertracksareshownforthoseseekingtoexploreremoteregions.NationalparksandWorldHeritagesitesareclearlyindicatedsotravelerscanexploreKenya’snaturalandhistoricalattractions.Oneofthebestpartsofthemapistravelingaidssuchasthelocationsofairports,railways,petrolstations,parkentrances,andbordercrossings,takingtheguessworkoutoftravelaroundthecountry.1.WhatmakesIcelandMapdifferentfromthetraditionalones?A.Classicaltravelroutedesign.B.Thelocals’practicaltraveladvice.C.Reliableguidanceonremoteroads.D.Timelyupdatedpopularattractions.2.Whichmapbestsuitspeopleenjoyingwaterscenery?A.IcelandMap. B.AlaskaMap. C.CroatiaMap. D.KenyaMap.3.What’sthebestthingaboutKenyaMap?A.Attractivescenicroutes. B.Specialroadtriproutes.C.Vividlandscapedescription. D.Convenienttravelingaids.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了國家地理出版社出版的四款地圖，分別針對冰島、阿拉斯加、克羅地亞和肯尼亞這四個旅游目的地，提供了詳細的地理信息、旅游景點標注和旅游輔助功能等，旨在幫助旅行者更好地規(guī)劃和享受旅行。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段最后一句“Theperfectmappingofremoteroadswillhelpyouexploresafelyafterfieldtestingbyourprofessionalteam.(經(jīng)過我們專業(yè)團隊的實地測試后，對偏遠道路的完美測繪將幫助您安全探索)”可知，冰島地圖與傳統(tǒng)地圖的不同之處在于它為偏遠道路提供了可靠的指引。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段對克羅地亞地圖的介紹“Called“thetreasureoftheAdriatieSea”,Croatia’smedieval(中世紀的)citiesandgreenish-blueseasmakethissmallMediterraneancountrybigonadventure.(克羅地亞被稱為“亞德里亞海的寶藏”，它的中世紀城市和藍綠色的海洋讓這個地中海小國充滿了冒險精神)”以及“StartyouradventureatthewaterfallsofPlitviceLakes,VisitthetwomostbeautifulriversinEurope,theZrmanjaandKrupa,ortakeyourlittleboattotheElafitiislandsintheAdriaticSea.(從普利特維采湖群的水瀑開始你的冒險之旅，參觀歐洲兩條最美麗的河流——茲馬尼亞河和克魯帕河，或者乘著小船去亞德里亞海的埃拉菲蒂群島)”可知，克羅地亞地圖最適合喜歡水景的人。故選C項。3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段最后一句“Oneofthebestpartsofthemapistravelingaidssuchasthelocationsofairports,railways,petrolstations,parkentrances,andbordercrossings,takingtheguessworkoutoftravelaroundthecountry.(地圖最好的部分之一是旅行輔助工具，如機場、鐵路、加油站、公園入口和邊境口岸的位置，讓你無需猜測就能在該國各地旅行)”可知，肯尼亞地圖最好的部分是它提供了方便的旅行輔助工具。故選D項。BBAM-bam-bam-bam-bam-bam-bam-bam.Whenthesoundbeganacoupleofweeksago,ourdogthoughtwewereunderattack.Heranbetweenthestormdoorandthewindowbackandforth,lookingforattackersandbarkinghisheadoff.Whathe’shearingareacorns(橡子)droppingfromthewhiteoaktree(橡樹).Theacornshittheroof,Iraceoutside,tryingtobeatthechipmunks(金花).It’sunusualforagrownwomantoberacingchipmunksforchipmunkfood,butI’mcollectingacornsforagoodreason.AsDouglasW.Tallamyexplainsinhisremarkable2021book,“TheNatureofOaks”,oaksarethecentrallifeformuponwhichsomanyotherspeciesinthewilddepend.Hundredsofinsectsfeedonoakleaves,andthoseinsectsinturnfeedbirdsandevenotherinsects.Oaksarecommerciallyvaluable,too,usedinmakingeverythingfromfurnituretoflooring.Weunderstandtheecologicalbenefitsofoaktrees.Weunderstandhowmanycommercialindustriesrelyonwoodfromoaks.Buteventhoughweknowthosethings,“Olderwhiteoaktreesarenotbeingreplacedbyyoungerwhiteoaktreesatapacethatwillsupportlong-termsurvival,”accordingtotheWhiteOakInitiative.Inmyneighborhood,somegiantoldtreesarecutdowntomakeroomforever-biggerhouses.Still,othersareremovedoutofnothingmorethanfashionto“improve”thecurbappealofthehouseortobereplacedbyaless“messy”tree,amongotherfoolishreasons.Withallthetreeslostinmyneighborhood,Ihaveaplanformyacorns.It’spossibletobuyyoungtreesfromanursery,ofcourse,butoaksdobetterwhenplantedfromacorns,andnowisthetimetocollectthem.LastfallItriedtoplantsomeacornsfromafriend’schestnutoak,butthesquirrels(松)dugthemallupandcarriedthemoff.ThisyearI’llplantmyacornsinflowerpotsandprotectthemwithbricksandhardwarecloth.Comespring,I’llhandtheseedlings(幼苗)outlikeEastereggs.4.Whydoestheauthorraceoutside?A.Todrivethechipmunksaway. B.Toproveshe’sagrownwoman.C.Tofindoutthereasonforthesound. D.Togatheracornsaheadofthechipmunks.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thevalueofoaks. B.Thespreadofoaks.C.Thedecreaseofoaks. D.Thesymbolismofoaks.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofreplacingoaktreeswithothertrees?A.Necessary. B.Creative. C.Fashionable. D.Stupid.7.Whatwilltheauthordothisyear?A.Plantacornsinflowerpots.B.Buyoakseedlingsfromanursery.C.GiveawayoakseedlingsatEaster.D.Drivethesquirrelsoutoftheneighborhood.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者為了收集橡子而與金花鼠賽跑的故事，然而，由于各種原因，橡樹的數(shù)量正在減少。因此，作者計劃將收集的橡子種植在花盆中，并在春天將幼苗分發(fā)出去，以保護橡樹的生存。文章通過作者的個人經(jīng)歷，呼吁人們重視橡樹的保護?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段最后一句“It’sunusualforagrownwomantoberacingchipmunksforchipmunkfood,butI’mcollectingacornsforagoodreason.(一個成年女人和金花鼠賽跑搶金花鼠的食物是不尋常的，但我收集橡子是有充分理由的)”可知，作者跑到外面是為了在金花鼠之前收集橡子。故選D項。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第三段“AsDouglasW.Tallamyexplainsinhisremarkable2021book,“TheNatureofOaks”,oaksarethecentrallifeformuponwhichsomanyotherspeciesinthewilddepend.Hundredsofinsectsfeedonoakleaves,andthoseinsectsinturnfeedbirdsandevenotherinsects.Oaksarecommerciallyvaluable,too,usedinmakingeverythingfromfurnituretoflooring.(正如道格拉斯·W·塔拉米在他2021年的杰出著作《橡樹的本質(zhì)》中所解釋的那樣，橡樹是許多其他野生物種所依賴的核心生命形式。成百上千的昆蟲以橡樹葉為食，而這些昆蟲反過來又以鳥類甚至其他昆蟲為食。橡樹在商業(yè)上也很有價值，用于制造從家具到地板的所有東西)”可知，道格拉斯·W·塔拉米稱橡樹為許多其他野生物種所依賴的核心生命形式，并且橡樹對昆蟲、鳥類、其他昆蟲都有滋養(yǎng)作用以及橡樹在商業(yè)上的價值，因此第三段主要講述了橡樹的價值。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段最后一句“Still,othersareremovedoutofnothingmorethanfashionto“improve”thecurbappealofthehouseortobereplacedbyaless“messy”tree,amongotherfoolishreasons.(還有一些人僅僅因為時尚就移除了它們，以“改善”房屋的街道吸引力，或者用一棵不那么“雜亂”的樹來取代它們，這是其他愚蠢的原因之一)”可知，作者認為用其他樹取代橡樹是愚蠢的行為。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中的“ThisyearI’llplantmyacornsinflowerpotsandprotectthemwithbricksandhardwarecloth.(今年我會把橡子種在花盆里，用磚塊和五金布保護它們)”可知，作者今年會把橡子種在花盆里。故選A項。CInsectscausebillionsofdollarsofdamagetocropseveryyear,drivingfarmerstoapplypesticidesonanindustrialscale,athugeexpenseandoftenwithunwelcomeecologicalsideeffects.Theytakethis,carpet-bombingapproachbecausetheylackinformationaboutwhereandwhenitisbesttohitpests,andnobodywantstousetoolittlepesticideandthusrisklosingcrops.TechnologistsatFarmSense,afirminRiverside,California,hopetochangethat.Theestablishedapproachtodetectinginsectpests,mothsinparticular,istoemploypheromone-baited(以外激索為誘餌的)stickytraps.Pheromonesarechemicalswhichanimalsusetocommunicate—andespeciallytoattractmembersoftheoppositesex.Anappropriatelybaitedstickytrapgivesafairideaofthenumberandtypeofpestsaround,butnotwithsufficientdetailfortheaccurateapplicationofpestcontrolmeasures.FarmSense’sresearchersbelievetheycandobetter.Thecompany’sdevice,FlightSensor,hasbeeninfull-scaletestsonfarmssince2020andisabouttobemadegenerallyavailable.Itdoes,nottrapinsects.Rather,itdetectsthemwithalaserastheyflyby.Thedevelopers’findingwasthattheshadowsofpassingwingsproducethesamesignalasthesoundofthewingbeatsrecordedbyamicrophone.Forthefirstgroupoftargetstheresultsareimpressive.Navelorangewormmoths,inparticular,areacommonpestofalmondandpistachiotreesbothimportanttoCalifornianagriculture.FlightSensorcanidentifythemaccuratelymarethan99%ofthetime.Andthedeviceisstillimprovingitscapability,andaddingnewspeciesasitgetsmoredata.Sometimesitcandistinguishinsectswhich,toahumaneye,lookidentical.Farmsense’sapproachwork,betterthanmicrophonesforrecording,wingbeatsbecausetheinsectsunderinvestigationarequietandthesoundtheysendoutisthuseasilylostinbackgroundnoise.Theyareeasilydetectablebylaser,though.Andwhilestickytrapsareatleastasolutionforlargemoths,theFarmSensesensorpicksupextremelysmallmoths.Fromfarmtolab,then,identifyinginsectswithFlightSensotmaysoonbealltherageonfarms.8.Whatistheproblemwiththecarpetbombingapproach?A.Ithasverylittleeffect. B.Ittakestoomuchtime.C.It’sweatherdependent. D.It’scostlyanddamaging.9.HowdoesFlightSensorwork?A.Ituseslightforinsectanalysis.B.Itdetectschemicalsfrominsects.C.Itworksbyrecordingwingbeats.D.Ittrapsinsectsbygivingoutsound.10.Whatcanwesayaboutnavelorangewormmoths?ATheyarehardlyundercontrolatpresent.B.TheyareathreattoCalifornianagriculture.C.TheyarecleverenoughtoavoidFlightSensor.D.TheyareanewspeciesdiscoveredinCalifornia.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“alltherage”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Wellprotected. B.Quicklyremoved.C.Widelyadopted. D.Closelychecked.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了昆蟲每年給農(nóng)作物造成數(shù)十億美元的損失，迫使農(nóng)民以工業(yè)規(guī)模使用殺蟲劑，但殺蟲劑會帶來嚴重的副作用。FarmSense公司的研究人員開發(fā)了一種設備，可以精確地控制殺蟲劑的使用量，從而減少對環(huán)境的破壞。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Insectscausebillionsofdollarsofdamagetocropseveryyear,drivingfarmerstoapplypesticidesonanindustrialscale,athugeexpenseandoftenwithunwelcomeecologicalsideeffects.(昆蟲每年給農(nóng)作物造成數(shù)十億美元的損失，迫使農(nóng)民以工業(yè)規(guī)模使用殺蟲劑，代價巨大，而且往往帶來不受歡迎的生態(tài)副作用。)”可知，地毯炸彈法成本高，破壞性高。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thecompany’sdevice,FlightSensor,hasbeeninfull-scaletestsonfarmssince2020andisabouttobemadegenerallyavailable.Itdoes,nottrapinsects.Rather,itdetectsthemwithalaserastheyflyby.(該公司的設備FlightSensor自2020年以來一直在農(nóng)場進行全面測試，即將全面上市。它不會誘捕昆蟲。相反，當它們飛過時，它會用激光探測它們。)”可知，F(xiàn)lightSensor通過使用光來分析昆蟲。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Navelorangewormmoths,inparticular,areacommonpestofalmondandpistachiotreesbothimportanttoCalifornianagriculture.(特別是臍橙毛蟲蛾，是杏仁樹和開心果樹的常見害蟲，這兩種樹對加州的農(nóng)業(yè)都很重要。)”可知，臍橙毛蟲蛾對加州的農(nóng)業(yè)構(gòu)成威脅。故選B項?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Andwhilestickytrapsareatleastasolutionforlargemoths,theFarmSensesensorpicksupextremelysmallmoths.(雖然粘捕器至少可以解決大型飛蛾的問題，但FarmSense傳感器可以捕捉到非常小的飛蛾。)”以及劃線短語句中“Fromfarmtolab,then,identifyinginsectswithFlightSensotmaysoonbealltherageonfarms.(因此，從農(nóng)場到實驗室，用FlightSensot識別昆蟲可能很快在農(nóng)場alltherage)”可知，此處為很快就會在農(nóng)場流行起來。由此可知，和C選項Widelyadopted“廣泛采用”意思相近。故選C項。DForthefirsttime,neuroscientistshaveestablishedaconnectionbetweenchangesinourvisualperception(視覺感知)andtherhythm(節(jié)奏)ofourstepswhilewe’rewalking.Researchersstudied45subjectswalkinginavirtualenvironmentalonga10-meterpath.Duringeach9-secondwalk,subjectsrespondedtovisualinputs.Eyeandheadmovements,aswellaswalkinginformation,weretracked.“Thestudyshowsthatthebrainprocessesvisioninarhythmicmanner,risingandfallinginresponsetorhythmwithoursteps.Whenswingingfromonesteptothenext,visualperceptionisgoodandreactionsarefast.Duringthefootfall,however,ourvisionisnotassharpandreactionsareslow.LeadauthorDrDavidsonsaid,“Weareconsciouslyawareofasmoothstreamofvisionbutthisisdeceptive.Compareitwithaduckswimmingonapond.Beneaththesmoothmotiononthesurfacethereisalotofcyclingactivity.”Forthemismatch,thecurrentviewisthatthebrainisapredictivemachinethatactivelypredictswhatoughttobethereandfillsinthemissingdetailsItisunclearwhyourbrain’sperceptualprocessesaresocloselyrelatedtowalking.ProfessorAlaissaid,“Onepossibleexplanationisthatvisionbecomessecondarytomovementcontrolwhileyourfootisgroundedandthenextstepisplanned.Onceyouareintheswingstagebetweenfootfalls,thebrainswitchesbacktoprioritizing(優(yōu)先處理)thesensingoftheworld,creatinganongoingperceptualrhythmthatharmonizeswithyoursteprate.”DrDavidsonsaid,“Anobviousquestioniswhethertheconnectionismoreevidentintheelderlygivendifficultywithbalanceasweage.ThefindingsalsoraisetheexcitingpossibilitythatwecoulddevelopcheapandeasymedicaltestsusingVRheadsets,orusethisinformationtodeveloptestsfortheearlystageofmusculardisordersorsomementalillnesses,whichcanbeshowninabnormalwalking.”Hesaiditcouldalsobeappliedtofurtherresearchinsportssciencetobetterdecision-makingandreactiontimesinathletes.12.Whathappenstoawalkingmanaccordingtothestudy?A.Theheadmoveswiththesteps.BThebrainworksbestduringthefootfall.C.Thelevelofvisionexperienceschanges.D.Theeyes’informationprocessingislimited.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deceptive”inparagraph3?A.Effortless. B.Unreliable. C.Inspiring. D.Changeable.14.WhatdoesProfessorAlais’sexplanationhighlight?A.Thenarrowrangeofhumanfocus.B.Thecooperationamongbodyparts.C.Thedifferenttasksofthehumansenses.D.Theadaptivenatureofbrainprocessing.15.WhichfindingswillDrDavidsonagreewith?A.Theyhelpimproveathletes’recovery.B.Theyneedtobetestedonalargerscale.C.Theymayfailtoapplytoelderlypeople.D.Theymaydriveprogressinvariousareas.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了神經(jīng)科學家首次發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們通常的感知變化與我們走路時的步子節(jié)奏之間的聯(lián)系。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Forthefirsttime,neuroscientistshaveestablishedaconnectionbetweenchangesinourvisualperception(視覺感知)andtherhythm(節(jié)奏)ofourstepswhilewe’rewalking.(神經(jīng)科學家首次在我們走路時的視覺感知變化和步伐節(jié)奏之間建立了聯(lián)系。)”可知，根據(jù)這項研究，走路的人視覺水平經(jīng)歷著變化。故選C項。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞句中“Weareconsciouslyawareofasmoothstreamofvision…(我們有意識地意識到流暢的視覺流……)”及but以及下文“Compareitwithaduckswimmingonapond.Beneaththesmoothmotiononthesurfacethereisalotofcyclingactivity.(把它比作在池塘里游泳的鴨子。在表面光滑的運動之下，有很多周期性活動。)”由此可知，我們有意識地意識到流暢的視覺流，但這是騙人的。劃線單詞deceptive為“欺騙性的”意思，和B選項Unreliable“不可靠的”意思一致。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“ProfessorAlaissaid,“Onepossibleexplanationisthatvisionbecomessecondarytomovementcontrolwhileyourfootisgroundedandthenextstepisplanned.Onceyouareintheswingstagebetweenfootfalls,thebrainswitchesbacktoprioritizing(優(yōu)先處理)thesensingoftheworld,creatinganongoingperceptualrhythmthatharmonizeswithyoursteprate.”(艾萊斯教授說：“一種可能的解釋是，當你的腳站穩(wěn)了，下一步就計劃好了，視覺變得次于運動控制。一旦你處于腳步之間的搖擺階段，大腦就會切換回對世界的感知，創(chuàng)造出一種與你的步伐速度相協(xié)調(diào)的持續(xù)感知節(jié)奏。”)”可推知，艾萊斯教授的解釋強調(diào)了大腦處理的自適應特性。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““ThefindingsalsoraisetheexcitingpossibilitythatwecoulddevelopcheapandeasymedicaltestsusingVRheadsets,orusethisinformationtodeveloptestsfortheearlystageofmusculardisordersorsomementalillnesses,whichcanbeshowninabnormalwalking.”Hesaiditcouldalsobeappliedtofurtherresearchinsportssciencetobetterdecision-makingandreactiontimesinathletes.(“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)還提出了一種令人興奮的可能性，即我們可以使用VR耳機開發(fā)廉價而簡單的醫(yī)學測試，或者利用這些信息開發(fā)針對早期肌肉疾病或一些精神疾病的測試，這些疾病可以在異常行走中表現(xiàn)出來?！彼f，它還可以應用于體育科學的進一步研究，以提高運動員的決策和反應時間。)”可推知，戴維森博士認為這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會推動各個領域的進步。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youmighthaveheardthatkeepingajournalisagreatwaytorecordyourthoughtsandunderstandyouremotions.Typicaljournalinginvolvesonlywriting.____16____Andbecausetherearesomanywaystoexpressyourselfinanartjournal,it’sawonderfulcreativeoutletforbothbeginnersandmoreexperiencedcreatives.Thefocusonself-expressioniswhereanartjournaldiffersfromasketchbook.Asketchbookcanhaveelementsofartjournaling,particularlywhenitcomestodrawingorpainting.____17____Artjournalingisawaytopracticeself-care.Itencouragesyoutotakealittletimeforyourself—evenifit’sjustfor15minutesaday.Whenyoulookbackatwhatyou’vewrittenordrawn,youcangainvaluableviewintothechallengesinyourlife.Thepointofcreatingavisualjournalisnottomakeeverypageamasterpiece.___18___Remember,it’sjustforyou!Artjournalingiscompletelycustomizable(可定的)dependingonyourskillsandinterests.Manypeoplechoosetousemixedmediaanddecoratetheirpageswithdrawingandpaintingmaterials.____19____Themostimportantthingwhenbeginningyourartjournal,however,isselectingtherightbook.____20____Sizeisone,ifyouenjoymakinglargedrawings,forinstance,thenabiggerbookmightbebest.Artjournalslookgreatwhenyoufillthepage,sowhateversizeyouchoose,makesureitcombineswellwiththewayyouliketowork.Anotherfactortothinkaboutisthetypeofpagesinthebook.Sinceit’sagoodchanceyou’llbeusingmixedmedia,selectabookwhosepapercanhandlebothdrawingandpainting.A.Also,youbecomeawareofyourstyle.B.Thisway,you’llsavenotonlyyourmoney,butalsoyournerves.C.Butitdoesn’thavetoincludeimagerythatrelatestoyourinnerthoughts.D.Otherspreferstickingwithasinglemediumthatthey’recomfortablewith.E.Therearemanyconsiderationswhenitcomestopickingyourjournalbook.F.Butforthosewhoaremorevisually-minded,anartjournalisagreatalternative.G.Yousimplyneedtoenjoytheactofcreatingsomethingwithoutworryingaboutifitlooksgood.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.D20.E【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了如何將繪畫和寫作相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造出獨具個人特色的藝術日記?！?6題詳解】前文“Typicaljournalinginvolvesonlywriting.(典型的日記只包括寫作)”表示傳統(tǒng)日記的局限性；由下文“Andbecausetherearesomanywaystoexpressyourselfinanartjournal,it’sawonderfulcreativeoutletforbothbeginnersandmoreexperiencedcreatives.(因為在藝術日記表達自己的方式有很多，所以對于初學者和更有經(jīng)驗的創(chuàng)作者來說，這都是一個很好的創(chuàng)意出口。)”可知，這里引出藝術日記，而F項Butforthosewhoaremorevisually-minded,anartjournalisagreatalternative.(但對于那些更注重視覺的人來說，藝術日記是一個很好的選擇。)進行轉(zhuǎn)折，引出藝術日記的優(yōu)勢。故選F項?！?7題詳解】前一句“Asketchbookcanhaveelementsofartjournaling,particularlywhenitcomestodrawingorpainting.(速寫本可以包含藝術日記的元素，尤其是在繪畫方面。)”是對本段首句“Thefocusonself-expressioniswhereanartjournaldiffersfromasketchbook.(藝術日記與速寫本的不同之處在于對自我表達的關注)”說明的不同的具體的解釋說明。C項Butitdoesn’thavetoincludeimagerythatrelatestoyourinnerthoughts.(但它不一定包含與你內(nèi)心想法相關的意象。)中的itdoesn’thavetoinclude呼應本段第一句中的anartjournaldiffersfromasketchbook，說明了素描本和藝術日記的不同之處；C項中的innerthoughts呼應本段第一句中的self-expression，所以本句有承上作用。故選C項?！?8題詳解】設空處是對上一句“Thepointofcreatingavisualjournalisnottomakeeverypageamasterpiece.(創(chuàng)建可視化日記的目的不是讓每一頁都成為杰作。)”的補充說明。G項Yousimplyneedtoenjoytheactofcreatingsomethingwithoutworryingaboutifitlooksgood.(你只需要享受創(chuàng)造的行為，而不必擔心它是否好看。)表示藝術日記的作用是為了自我的創(chuàng)作享受，不是為了杰出的作品。故選G項。【19題詳解】上一句“Manypeoplechoosetousemixedmediaanddecoratetheirpageswithdrawingandpaintingmaterials.(許多人選擇使用混合媒介，用繪畫材料裝飾他們的頁面。)”可知，空處與上一句是并列關系。D項Otherspreferstickingwithasinglemediumthatthey’recomfortablewith.(其他人更喜歡堅持使用他們感到舒適的單一媒介。)中的Others和上一句中的Manypeople并列；D項中的asinglemedium與上一句中的mixedmedia呼應，設空處和上一句具體說明了藝術日記可根據(jù)個人技藝和喜好量身定制，所以有承上作用。故選D項。【20題詳解】由下文“Sizeisone,ifyouenjoymakinglargedrawings,forinstance,thenabiggerbookmightbebest.Artjournalslookgreatwhenyoufillthepage,sowhateversizeyouchoose,makesureitcombineswellwiththewayyouliketowork.Anotherfactortothinkaboutisthetypeofpagesinthebook.Sinceit’sagoodchanceyou’llbeusingmixedmedia,selectabookwhosepapercanhandlebothdrawingandpainting.(大小是一方面。例如，如果你喜歡畫大圖，那么一本更大的書可能是最好的。當你填充頁面時，藝術期刊看起來很棒，所以無論你選擇什么大小，都要確保它與你喜歡的工作方式很好地結(jié)合在一起。另一個需要考慮的特點是書中的頁面類型。既然你很有可能使用混合媒體，那就選擇一本紙可以同時處理繪畫和油畫的書。)”可知，這里主要講選擇藝術日記需要考慮的因素。而E項Therearemanyconsiderationswhenitcomestopickingyourjournalbook.(在挑選日記本時，有很多考慮因素。)符合語境，有總括作用，其中picking和本段最后一句中的select構(gòu)成了近義詞復現(xiàn)。故選E項。第三部分語言運用(共二節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。WhenIfirstsawTheBookShopinWigtown,Iwaseighteenyearsold,backinmyhometownandabouttoleaveforuniversity.I____21____rememberwalkingpastitwithafriendand____22____thatIwasquitecertainthatitwouldbeclosedwithintheyear.Twelveyearslater,whilevisitingmyparents,Icalledintoseeiftheyhada____23____ofThreeFeversbyLeoWalmsley,andwhileIwastalkingtothe____24____,admittedthatIwasstrugglingtofinda(n)____25____Ienjoyed.HesuggestedthatIbuyhisshopsincehewaseagertoretire.Lessthana____26____later,amonthaftermythirty-firstbirthday,theplacebecamemine.BeforeI____27____,IoughtperhapstohavereadGeorgeOrwell’sessay“BookshopMemories”publishedin1936.Itringsastruetodayasitdidthen,andsoundsa____28____toanyoneasna?ve(缺乏經(jīng)驗的)asIwasthattheworldof____29____second-handbooksisfarfromthe____30____imageofsitinginanarmchairwhileastreamofcustomersabsorbsyouinintelligentconversation.Infact,thetruthcouldhardlybemoredifferent.Everyonewhohas____31____intheshophascommentedthatcustomerinteractions____32____morethanenough____33____towriteabook—JenCampbell’sWeirdThingsCustomersSayinBookshopsis____34____enoughofthis—soIbegantowritethingsdownastheyhappenedintheshop.Thesenotes____35____turnedintomyownbook,TheDiaryofaBookseller.21.A.suddenly B.desperately C.randomly D.distinctly22.A.regretting B.commenting C.adding D.replying23.A.copy B.page C.picture D.summary24.A.friend B.customer C.owner D.author25.A.collection B.occupation C.hobby D.major26.A.week B.month C.year D.decade27.A.gaveup B.showedoff C.checkedin D.tookover28.A.warning B.mistake C.calling D.request29.A.reading B.trading C.translating D.renewing30.A.anticipated B.definite C.romanticized D.abstract31.A.worked B.played C.argued D.slept32.A.putoff B.breakup C.setaside D.resultin33.A.pressure B.appreciation C.material D.guidance34.A.motivation B.evidence C.research D.preparation35.A.occasionally B.traditionally C.repeatedly D.eventually【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從偶然路過書店到最終成為書店主人的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我清楚地記得，有一次和朋友經(jīng)過它時，我評論說我很確定它會在一年內(nèi)關門。A.suddenly突然；B.desperately絕望地；C.randomly隨機地；D.distinctly清晰地。根據(jù)下文“rememberwalkingpastitwithafriend”可知，作者對這個記憶非常清晰，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我清楚地記得，有一次和朋友經(jīng)過它時，我評論說我很確定它會在一年內(nèi)關門。A.regretting后悔；B.commenting評論，議論；C.adding補充；D