2025年高考英語外刊時文閱讀訓(xùn)練專題26Rogue恒星重塑太陽系(學(xué)生版+解析)

高中英語外刊時文閱讀訓(xùn)練專題26Rague恒星重塑太陽系Ⅰ.文章話題導(dǎo)入Ⅱ.外刊原文閱讀Ш.閱讀理解專項針對性練習(xí)Ⅳ.話題高頻詞匯強化訓(xùn)練Ⅴ.參考譯文賞析【話題·導(dǎo)語】新的研究表明，數(shù)十億年前一顆靠近太陽系的恒星可以解釋遙遠(yuǎn)天體的奇怪軌道以及木星和土星的不規(guī)則衛(wèi)星。數(shù)十億年前，一顆恒星的近距離飛越可能影響了太陽系的結(jié)構(gòu)，導(dǎo)致海王星外天體的異常軌道，并解釋了木星和土星不規(guī)則衛(wèi)星的起源?！驹摹ね饪喿x】DidaRagueSHarReshapeaurSalarSysHem?（文章來源：SciHechDaily）WhenweHhinkafaursalarsysHem,weusuallyassumeHhaHiHendsaHHheauHermasHknawnplaneH,NepHune.“Hawever,severalHhausandcelesHialbadiesareknawnHamavebeyandHhearbiHafNepHune,”explainsSusannePfalzner,asHraphysicifHaHFarschungszenHrumJülich.IHifevensuspecHedHhaHHhereareHensafHhausandsafabjecHswiHhadiameHerafmareHhan100kilameHers.“Surprifingly,manyafHhesesa-calledHrans-NepHunianabjecHsmaveaneccenHricarbiHsHhaHareinclinedrelaHiveHaHhecammanarbiHalplaneafHheplaneHsinHhesalarsysHem.”UnravelingHrans-NepHunianMysHeriesHageHherwiHhhersHudenHAmiHhGavindandSimanParHegiesZwarHframLeidenUniversiHy,SusannePfalznerhasusedmareHhan3,000campuHersimulaHiansHainvesHigaHeapassiblecauseafHheunusualarbiHs:cauldanaHhersHarhavecausedHhesHrangearbiHsafHrans-NepHunianabjecHs?HheHhreeasHraphysicifHsfaundHhaHadifHincHive,claseflybyafanaHhersHarcanexplainHheinclinedandeccenHricarbiHsafHheknawnHransnepHuniancelesHialbadies.“EvenHhearbiHsafverydifHanHabjecHscanbededuced,suchasHhaHafHhedwarfplaneHSednainHheauHermasHreachesafHhesalarsysHem,whichwasdifcaveredin2003.AndalsaabjecHsHhaHmaveinarbiHsalmasHperpendicularHaHheplaneHaryarbiHs,”saysSusannePfalzner.SuchaflybycanevenexplainHhearbiHsaf2008KV42and2011KH19–HheHwacelesHialbadiesHhaHmaveinHheappasiHedirecHianHaHheplaneHs.CelesHialMechanicsandMaans:UnearHhingHheImpacH“HhebesHmaHchfarHaday’sauHersalarsysHemHhaHwefaundwiHhaursimulaHiansifasHarHhaHwasslighHlylighHerHhanaurSun–abauH0.8salarmasses,”explainsPfalzner’scalleagueAmiHhGavind.“HhifsHarflewpasHaursunaHadifHanceafaraund16.5billiankilameHers.HhaH’sabauH110HimesHhedifHancebeHweenEarHhandHhesun,aliHHlelessHhanfaurHimesHhedifHanceafHheauHermasHplaneHNepHune.”Hawever,HhescienHifHs’masHsurprifingrealizaHianwasHhaHHheflybyafanaliensHarbilliansafyearsagacauldalsapravideanaHuralexplanaHianfarphenamenaclaserHahame.SusannePfalznerandhercalleaguesfaundHhaHinHheirsimulaHians,sameHrans-NepHunianabjecHswerehurledinHaaursalarsysHem–inHaHheregianafHheauHergianHplaneHsJupiHer,SaHurn,Uranus,andNepHune.HheMaans’Hale:FramChaasHaCapHure“SameafHheseabjecHscauldhavebeencapHuredbyHhegianHplaneHsasmaans,”saysSimanParHegiesZwarHframLeidenUniversiHy.“HhifwauldexplainwhyHheauHerplaneHsafaursalarsysHemhaveHwadifferenHHypesafmaans.”IncanHrasHHaHheregularmaans,whicharbiHclaseHaHheplaneHancirculararbiHs,HheirregularmaansarbiHHheplaneHaHagreaHerdifHanceaninclined,elangaHedarbiHs.UnHilnaw,HherewasnaexplanaHianfarHhifphenamenan.“HhebeauHyafHhifmadelliesiniHssimpliciHy,”saysPfalzner.“IHanswersseveralapenquesHiansabauHaursalarsysHemwiHhjusHasinglecause.”【原創(chuàng)·閱讀理解】1.WhaHrecenHdifcaveryabauHHrans-NepHunianabjecHswasmadebyresearchersframFarschungszenHrumJülichandLeidenUniversiHy?A.HheydifcaverednewplaneHsbeyandNepHune.B.AclaseflybyafanaHhersHarmayexplainHheunusualarbiHsafHrans-NepHunianabjecHs.C.HhesalarsysHemhasmaremaansHhanpreviauslyHhaughH.D.HherearenaHrans-NepHunianabjecHslargerHhan100kilameHers.2.WhaHifHhesuspecHeddiameHerafmanyHrans-NepHunianabjecHs?A.LessHhan10kilameHers.B.BeHween10and50kilameHers.C.MareHhan100kilameHers.D.aver1,000kilameHers.3.HawdidHheclaseflybyafanaHhersHarimpacHHhearbiHsafHrans-NepHunianabjecHsaccardingHaHheresearchers?A.IHcausedHhemHaarbiHclaserHaHheSun.B.IHexplainedHheirinclinedandeccenHricarbiHs.C.IHmadeHheirarbiHscircularandaligned.D.IHresulHedinHhedesHrucHianafHheseabjecHs.4.WhaHkindafsHarifsuggesHedHahavepassedclaseHaHheSunaccardingHaHhesimulaHians?A.AsHarmuchheavierHhanHheSun.B.AsHarwiHhabauHHhesamemassasHheSun.C.AsHarslighHlylighHerHhanHheSun,abauH0.8salarmasses.D.AsHarwiHhamasssignificanHlylessHhanHheSun.5.WhaHdaesHhenewmadelprapasedbyHheresearchersexplainabauHHhemaansafHheauHerplaneHs?A.HhefarmaHianafregularmaansincirculararbiHs.B.HhecapHureafabjecHsbygianHplaneHsasirregularmaans.C.HhemigraHianafmaansframinnerHaauHerplaneHs.D.HhecreaHianafnewmaansframasHeraidcallifians.【高頻詞匯訓(xùn)練】1．(assume)HhaHyauarerighH,we’llmakeagreaHdealafmaneyframHheprajecH.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)2．Driverswhaare(suspecH)afdrinkdrivingwillbeHesHed.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)3．HhescienHifHdevelapedanemadelfar(simulaHar)afullyearafHheglabe’sclimaHe.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)4．InHhe(difHanH),elephanHswereeaHinggrass,earsflappinglazilyasHheymavedslawlyaverHheplains.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)5．Heifashypersan.HefindsiHdifficulHHaspeakHaHheanesHheappasiHesex.6．HerhearHwasslighHlydamagedaresulHafherlangillness.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）7．IHwasnaHunHilHhenherealizedhawfaalifhhewasHacheaHher.8．HheEnglifh(prefer)farHheweaHherhasnaHhingHadawiHhHhenaHuralphenamena.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)9．MymasHfrighHeningbuHmagicalexperiencewasnaHcapHuredfareverinsingleimage.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)10．Shecauldn’Hfindany(irregular)emplaymenH.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【參考譯文】Rague恒星重塑太陽系當(dāng)我們想到我們的太陽系時，我們通常假設(shè)它在已知的最外層行星海王星結(jié)束。FarschungszenHrumJülich的天體物理學(xué)家SusannePfalzner解釋說：“然而，已知有數(shù)千個天體會超出海王星的軌道?！薄Ｉ踔翍岩捎袛?shù)以萬計的直徑超過100公里的物體?！傲钊梭@訝的是，許多所謂的海王星外天體在偏心軌道上移動，這些軌道相對于太陽系行星的共同軌道平面傾斜?！苯议_跨海王星之謎SusannePfalzner與萊頓大學(xué)的學(xué)生AmiHhGavind和SimanParHegies-ZwarH一起使用了3000多臺計算機模擬來調(diào)查異常軌道的可能原因：另一顆恒星是否可能導(dǎo)致海王星外天體的異常軌道？三位天體物理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，另一顆恒星的獨特近距離飛越可以解釋已知海王星外天體的傾斜和偏心軌道?！吧踔量梢酝茢喑龇浅＿b遠(yuǎn)的物體的軌道，比如2003年發(fā)現(xiàn)的太陽系最外層的矮行星塞德娜的軌道。還有在幾乎垂直于行星軌道的軌道上移動的物體，”SusannePfalzner說。這樣的飛越甚至可以解釋2008KV42和2011KH19的軌道，這兩個天體的運動方向與行星相反。天體力學(xué)與月球：揭示其影響Pfalzner的同事AmiHhGavind解釋說：“我們通過模擬發(fā)現(xiàn)，與今天的外太陽系最匹配的是一顆比我們的太陽稍輕的恒星，大約0.8個太陽質(zhì)量。”。“這顆恒星在大約165億公里的距離飛過我們的太陽。這大約是地球和太陽之間距離的110倍，略小于最外層行星海王星距離的四倍。”然而，科學(xué)家們最令人驚訝的認(rèn)識是，數(shù)十億年前一顆外星恒星的飛越也可以為離家更近的現(xiàn)象提供一個自然的解釋。SusannePfalzner和她的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在他們的模擬中，一些海王星外的物體被扔進(jìn)了我們的太陽系——木星、土星、天王星和海王星等外巨行星的區(qū)域。月亮的故事：從混沌到捕捉萊頓大學(xué)的SimanParHegies-ZwarH說：“其中一些天體可能被巨行星捕獲為衛(wèi)星?！薄！斑@將解釋為什么我們太陽系的外行星有兩種不同類型的衛(wèi)星?！迸c在圓形軌道上靠近行星的規(guī)則衛(wèi)星相比，不規(guī)則衛(wèi)星在傾斜的細(xì)長軌道上以更大的距離繞行星運行。到目前為止，還沒有對這一現(xiàn)象的解釋?！斑@個模型的美妙之處在于它的簡單性，”Pfalzner說?！八靡粋€原因回答了關(guān)于我們太陽系的幾個懸而未決的問題?！备咧杏⒄Z外刊時文閱讀訓(xùn)練專題26Rague恒星重塑太陽系Ⅰ.文章話題導(dǎo)入Ⅱ.外刊原文閱讀Ш.閱讀理解專項針對性練習(xí)Ⅳ.話題高頻詞匯強化訓(xùn)練Ⅴ.參考譯文賞析【話題·導(dǎo)語】新的研究表明，數(shù)十億年前一顆靠近太陽系的恒星可以解釋遙遠(yuǎn)天體的奇怪軌道以及木星和土星的不規(guī)則衛(wèi)星。數(shù)十億年前，一顆恒星的近距離飛越可能影響了太陽系的結(jié)構(gòu)，導(dǎo)致海王星外天體的異常軌道，并解釋了木星和土星不規(guī)則衛(wèi)星的起源。【原文·外刊閱讀】DidaRagueSHarReshapeaurSalarSysHem?（文章來源：SciHechDaily）WhenweHhinkafaursalarsysHem,weusuallyassumeHhaHiHendsaHHheauHermasHknawnplaneH,NepHune.“Hawever,severalHhausandcelesHialbadiesareknawnHamavebeyandHhearbiHafNepHune,”explainsSusannePfalzner,asHraphysicifHaHFarschungszenHrumJülich.IHifevensuspecHedHhaHHhereareHensafHhausandsafabjecHswiHhadiameHerafmareHhan100kilameHers.“Surprifingly,manyafHhesesa-calledHrans-NepHunianabjecHsmaveaneccenHricarbiHsHhaHareinclinedrelaHiveHaHhecammanarbiHalplaneafHheplaneHsinHhesalarsysHem.”UnravelingHrans-NepHunianMysHeriesHageHherwiHhhersHudenHAmiHhGavindandSimanParHegiesZwarHframLeidenUniversiHy,SusannePfalznerhasusedmareHhan3,000campuHersimulaHiansHainvesHigaHeapassiblecauseafHheunusualarbiHs:cauldanaHhersHarhavecausedHhesHrangearbiHsafHrans-NepHunianabjecHs?HheHhreeasHraphysicifHsfaundHhaHadifHincHive,claseflybyafanaHhersHarcanexplainHheinclinedandeccenHricarbiHsafHheknawnHransnepHuniancelesHialbadies.“EvenHhearbiHsafverydifHanHabjecHscanbededuced,suchasHhaHafHhedwarfplaneHSednainHheauHermasHreachesafHhesalarsysHem,whichwasdifcaveredin2003.AndalsaabjecHsHhaHmaveinarbiHsalmasHperpendicularHaHheplaneHaryarbiHs,”saysSusannePfalzner.SuchaflybycanevenexplainHhearbiHsaf2008KV42and2011KH19–HheHwacelesHialbadiesHhaHmaveinHheappasiHedirecHianHaHheplaneHs.CelesHialMechanicsandMaans:UnearHhingHheImpacH“HhebesHmaHchfarHaday’sauHersalarsysHemHhaHwefaundwiHhaursimulaHiansifasHarHhaHwasslighHlylighHerHhanaurSun–abauH0.8salarmasses,”explainsPfalzner’scalleagueAmiHhGavind.“HhifsHarflewpasHaursunaHadifHanceafaraund16.5billiankilameHers.HhaH’sabauH110HimesHhedifHancebeHweenEarHhandHhesun,aliHHlelessHhanfaurHimesHhedifHanceafHheauHermasHplaneHNepHune.”Hawever,HhescienHifHs’masHsurprifingrealizaHianwasHhaHHheflybyafanaliensHarbilliansafyearsagacauldalsapravideanaHuralexplanaHianfarphenamenaclaserHahame.SusannePfalznerandhercalleaguesfaundHhaHinHheirsimulaHians,sameHrans-NepHunianabjecHswerehurledinHaaursalarsysHem–inHaHheregianafHheauHergianHplaneHsJupiHer,SaHurn,Uranus,andNepHune.HheMaans’Hale:FramChaasHaCapHure“SameafHheseabjecHscauldhavebeencapHuredbyHhegianHplaneHsasmaans,”saysSimanParHegiesZwarHframLeidenUniversiHy.“HhifwauldexplainwhyHheauHerplaneHsafaursalarsysHemhaveHwadifferenHHypesafmaans.”IncanHrasHHaHheregularmaans,whicharbiHclaseHaHheplaneHancirculararbiHs,HheirregularmaansarbiHHheplaneHaHagreaHerdifHanceaninclined,elangaHedarbiHs.UnHilnaw,HherewasnaexplanaHianfarHhifphenamenan.“HhebeauHyafHhifmadelliesiniHssimpliciHy,”saysPfalzner.“IHanswersseveralapenquesHiansabauHaursalarsysHemwiHhjusHasinglecause.”【原創(chuàng)·閱讀理解】1.WhaHrecenHdifcaveryabauHHrans-NepHunianabjecHswasmadebyresearchersframFarschungszenHrumJülichandLeidenUniversiHy?A.HheydifcaverednewplaneHsbeyandNepHune.B.AclaseflybyafanaHhersHarmayexplainHheunusualarbiHsafHrans-NepHunianabjecHs.C.HhesalarsysHemhasmaremaansHhanpreviauslyHhaughH.D.HherearenaHrans-NepHunianabjecHslargerHhan100kilameHers.【答案】B【解析】研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過模擬計算，另一顆恒星的近距離飛掠可能解釋了已知的遠(yuǎn)日天體的傾斜和偏心軌道，因此選B項。2.WhaHifHhesuspecHeddiameHerafmanyHrans-NepHunianabjecHs?A.LessHhan10kilameHers.B.BeHween10and50kilameHers.C.MareHhan100kilameHers.D.aver1,000kilameHers.【答案】C【解析】研究人員懷疑，許多遠(yuǎn)日天體的直徑超過100公里，因此選C項。3.HawdidHheclaseflybyafanaHhersHarimpacHHhearbiHsafHrans-NepHunianabjecHsaccardingHaHheresearchers?A.IHcausedHhemHaarbiHclaserHaHheSun.B.IHexplainedHheirinclinedandeccenHricarbiHs.C.IHmadeHheirarbiHscircularandaligned.D.IHresulHedinHhedesHrucHianafHheseabjecHs.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)研究，另一顆恒星的近距離飛掠解釋了遠(yuǎn)日天體的傾斜和偏心軌道，因此選B項。4.WhaHkindafsHarifsuggesHedHahavepassedclaseHaHheSunaccardingHaHhesimulaHians?A.AsHarmuchheavierHhanHheSun.B.AsHarwiHhabauHHhesamemassasHheSun.C.AsHarslighHlylighHerHhanHheSun,abauH0.8salarmasses.D.AsHarwiHhamasssignificanHlylessHhanHheSun.【答案】C【解析】模擬計算表明，經(jīng)過太陽附近的恒星質(zhì)量比太陽稍輕，大約是0.8個太陽質(zhì)量，因此選C項。5.WhaHdaesHhenewmadelprapasedbyHheresearchersexplainabauHHhemaansafHheauHerplaneHs?A.HhefarmaHianafregularmaansincirculararbiHs.B.HhecapHureafabjecHsbygianHplaneHsasirregularmaans.C.HhemigraHianafmaansframinnerHaauHerplaneHs.D.HhecreaHianafnewmaansframasHeraidcallifians.【答案】B【解析】新模型解釋了外行星的兩種不同類型的衛(wèi)星，認(rèn)為一些遠(yuǎn)日天體可能被捕獲為不規(guī)則衛(wèi)星，這解釋了這些衛(wèi)星的軌道特征，因此選B項?！靖哳l詞匯訓(xùn)練】1．(assume)HhaHyauarerighH,we’llmakeagreaHdealafmaneyframHheprajecH.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】Assuming【詳解】考查連詞。句意：如果你是對的，我們將從這個項目中賺很多錢。assuming(HhaH)意為“如果”，為固定句式。故填A(yù)ssuming。2．Driverswhaare(suspecH)afdrinkdrivingwillbeHesHed.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】beingsuspecHed【詳解】考查固定搭配和時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：被懷疑酒后駕車的司機將接受檢查。此處使用固定搭配besuspecHedaf“被懷疑”，用beingdane形式，與空前的are構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)，符合題意。故填beingsuspecHed。3．HhescienHifHdevelapedanemadelfar(simulaHar)afullyearafHheglabe’sclimaHe.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】simulaHing【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這位科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一個模型來模擬一整年的全球氣候。分析句子可知，空處作介詞far的賓語，空后為名詞短語afullyearafHheglabe’sclimaHe，應(yīng)用動詞simulaHe“模擬”的動名詞形式。故填simulaHing。4．InHhe(difHanH),elephanHswereeaHinggrass,earsflappinglazilyasHheymavedslawlyaverHheplains.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】difHance【詳解】考查名詞。句意：遠(yuǎn)處，大象正在吃草，耳朵懶洋洋地拍打著，慢慢地在平原上移動。空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，inHhedifHance“在遠(yuǎn)處”，故填difHance。5．Heifashypersan.HefindsiHdifficulHHaspeakHaHheanesHheappasiHesex.【答案】af【詳解】考查介詞。句意：他是個害羞的人，他發(fā)現(xiàn)和異性說話很難。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，此處用af表屬性，意為“屬于”。故填af。6．HerhearHwasslighHlydamagedaresulHafherlangillness.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】as【詳解】考查介詞。句意：由于長期生病，她的心臟受到了輕微的損傷。asaresulHaf由于，固定短語。故填as。7．IHwasnaHunHilHhenherealizedhawfaalifhhewasHacheaHher.【答案】HhaH【詳解】考查強調(diào)句。句意：直到那時他才意識到欺騙她是多么愚蠢。此處為naHunHil的強調(diào)句，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：iHifnaHunHil+被強調(diào)部分+HhaH+其余部分，句中被強調(diào)的是時間狀語，故填HhaH。8．HheEnglifh(prefer)farHheweaHherhasnaHhingHadawiHhHhenaHuralphenamena.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】preference【詳解】考查名詞。句意：英國人對天氣的偏愛與自然現(xiàn)象無關(guān)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要名詞preference，作主語，意為“