英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞與動(dòng)詞

1、關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞和動(dòng)詞第一張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（一）概述 名詞是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名稱的詞，可以說(shuō)名詞是萬(wàn)物之名稱。它們可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom ,Gina地方名稱 China, London ,England職業(yè)稱呼 teacher, doctor ,worker物品名稱 pencil, dictionary ,pencil-case行為名稱 study, invention 抽象概念 history, grammar 你還能想到什么呢？第二張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（二）名詞的分類專有名詞 &普通名詞可數(shù)名詞 &不可數(shù)名詞

2、第三張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1專有名詞 主要指人名、地名及某些類人和事物專有的名稱。如：Mary，Beijing，Americans, English，May, Saturday, Easter Gone with the Wind 2普通名詞 除專有名詞外，其它都屬于普通名詞。如： boy，classroom，book, bag, aunt, family, juice, milk, age, childhood第四張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月分類：專有名詞（） or 普通名詞（）？Saturday, tea, Zhanghua, rain, West Lak

3、e，enemy, computer, beauty, Mrs. Green weather, peace, ice-cream, Russians, Journey to the West 第五張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.可數(shù)名詞（ countable noun）/ C 可以分清個(gè)體，以數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算的，有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：book, girl, ruler, room, apple, box, bus, watch, day, zoo2.不可數(shù)名詞（ uncountable noun）/ U 不可以分清個(gè)體，不能以數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，只有單數(shù)形式。如: water, milk, coffe

4、e, tea, rice, bread, work,study, love 第六張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月分類：可數(shù)名詞（） or 不可數(shù)名詞（）？boy, knife, peace, potato, wind, tomato, hero, music, pleasure, map, radio, technology, desk, egg第七張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月當(dāng)然，也有特殊的哦！1.既可以當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞又可以當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞： 可數(shù) 不可數(shù)glass papertime orangeadvice tiniron 玻璃杯，眼鏡玻璃報(bào)紙，試卷紙張次數(shù)，時(shí)代時(shí)間橙，

5、橘子橙汁，橙色勸告; 建議 通知，公函，消息錫 罐頭鐵 熨斗 第八張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月在中文是可數(shù)，英文卻不可數(shù)：如： money ， bread ， hair ，meat， furniture， rice ，news 因此，平時(shí)要多積累哦！第九張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1.規(guī)則變化：一般情況 在詞尾加-s：deskdesks ；daydays； girlgirls 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞 在詞尾加-es： bus buses； boxboxes； watchwatches以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞 變y為I再加-es： fam

6、ilyfamilies factoryfactories partyparties 以f或fe 結(jié)尾的詞 變f或fe為v再加-es: knifeknives; lifelives; wifewives; halfhalves Important !第十張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Lets practice!I. 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式： house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 7. dish _ 8. family _ 9. boy _ 10. monkey _ 11. box _ 12. knife _ 13. cl

7、ass _ 14. factory _ 15. leaf_ 16. dictionary _ 17. watch _housesvillagesmapsorangesbagsdishesfamiliesboysmonkeysboxesknivesclassesfactoriesleavesdictionarieswatches第十一張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.不規(guī)則變化：1）以o結(jié)尾加-es： potatopotatoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes Negro Negroes2)字母a變e: manmen, womanwomen, Frenchman

8、Frenchmen, policeman-policemen3)字母oo變ee:toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese但：German Germans human humans第十二張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4)單復(fù)數(shù)同形：sheepsheep, deerdeer, fishfishChinese-Chinese, Japanese Japanesecattle cattle5)其他：childchildren, mousemice,medium media, basis bases第十三張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月不同國(guó)籍的人的復(fù)數(shù)形式

9、：1）加-s:Australian Australians Russian RussiansItalian Italians Greek GreeksAmerican Americans Indian IndiansCanadian Canadians German Germans2)變a為e：Englishman EnglishmenFrenchman Frenchmen3）單復(fù)數(shù)同形：Chinese Chinese Japanese JapaneseSwiss Swiss 第十四張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises!1. match _ 2. man _ 3. Ge

10、rman _ 4. tomato _5. policeman _ 6. kilo _ 7. human _ 8. potato _ 9. Chinese _ 10. shelf _11. Japanese _ 12. American_13. life _ 14. tooth _15. wife _ 16. foot _ 17. knife _ 18. sheep _19. half _ 20.key_matchesmenGermanstomatoespolicemenkiloshumanspotatoesChineseshelvesJapaneseAmericanslivesteethwiv

11、esfeetknivessheephalveskeys第十五張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式： 有主體時(shí)，主體變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù) father-in-law fathers-in-law (岳父，公公）無(wú)主體時(shí)，結(jié)尾加“ s ” grown-up grown-ups （成年人） go-between go-betweens （媒介者;中間人） 如果其中有man或者woman，則兩個(gè)都要變復(fù)數(shù) woman doctor women doctors man doctor men doctors第十六張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Can you try?把下列名詞變

12、復(fù)數(shù)形式：looker-on woman singer sister-in-law man cookpasser-by housewifebride-to-be woman doctorschoolroomlookers-onwomen singerssisters-in-lawmen cookspassers-byhousewivesbrides-to-bewomen doctorsschoolrooms第十七張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月名詞 n.Period 2第十八張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1、orange_ 2、class_ 3、text _ 4、monk

13、ey_ 5、piano_ 6、child_ 7、shelf _ 8、bed_ 9、country_ 10、family_ 11、toy _ 12、foot _ 13、Japanese_14、radio_ 15、photo_ 16. army_ 17.cattle_ 18.Australian_Brainstorm!orangesclassestextsmonkeyspianoschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamiliestoysfeetJapaneseradiosphotosarmiescattleAustralians第十九張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6

14、月Lets learn more!第二十張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月不可數(shù)名詞的量的表達(dá)：可以加上一個(gè)表示數(shù)量的修飾詞來(lái)表示它的數(shù)量,如:a piece of, a cup of, a bag of, a glass of, a kilo of一張紙 a piece of paper三張紙 three pieces of paper 一包大米 a bag of rice十包大米 ten bags of rice*可數(shù)名詞也可以這樣表達(dá)量,但要用復(fù)數(shù)形式：a box of books five bags of applesten kilos of oranges也就是短語(yǔ)里面可數(shù)名

15、詞要變復(fù)數(shù)的都變復(fù)數(shù)哦！第二十一張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月常用量詞總結(jié)a glass of 一玻璃杯 a cup of 一杯a bottle of 一瓶 a bag of 一包，一袋a box of 一盒；一箱 a piece of 一張(一片,塊)a kilo of 一公斤；一千克a basket of 一籃 a pair of 一對(duì)，一雙，一副a group of 一群，一隊(duì)，一組第二十二張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Lets try!1、三杯水 2、五杯茶 3、一公斤米4、二十箱書5、三籃子蔬菜 6、八雙鞋子7、十杯牛奶 8、五塊肉 9、一副眼鏡 three

16、glasses of waterfive cups of teaa kilo of ricetwenty boxes of booksthree baskets of vegetableseight pairs of shoesten glasses of milkfive pieces of meata pair of glasses第二十三張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月名詞所有格：1) 一般情況加 -s：childrens books 兒童圖書 todays paper 今天的報(bào)紙(2) 帶詞尾-s的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加 ()：girls school 女子學(xué)校 the Smiths

17、car 史密斯家的小汽車（3）注意以下情況：Toms and Jims rooms 湯姆和吉姆(各自)的房間Tom and Jims room 湯姆和吉姆(共同)的房間第二十四張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一.用名詞所有格填空：1.They are going to their _ home. (grandparents)2.The _ shoes are behind the door.( boy)3.This shop sells _ clothes only. ( men)4.Those are my _ cars. ( friends)5.We are cleaning t

18、he _ stables. (horses)Exercisesgrandparentsboys/boysmensfriendshorses第二十五張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6.Do you know where this _ handbag is ? ( lady)7.Many of my _ houses were robbed. (neighbors)8.The _ uniforms are red. ( player)9.These are the _ toys. ( children)ladys neighborsplayerschildrens第二十六張，PPT共五十

19、九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan2.June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 3. - Whose room is this? - Its _. A. Li Ming B. Li Mings C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 4.The woman over

20、 there is _ mother.A. Julia and Shelleys B. Julias and ShelleysC. Julia and Shelley D. Julias and Shelley 二.選擇填空：第二十七張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月English is spoken by many people in the world. 主語(yǔ)This is a pencil-box. 表語(yǔ)I like English, but I like Chinese better. 賓語(yǔ)Our English teacher is drinking water. 定語(yǔ)Mr.

21、 Black, our teacher, is from England. 同位語(yǔ)I am going to see a film this evening. 狀語(yǔ)Miss Wang is considered a good teacher. 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)名詞的功能第二十八張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises P331.主語(yǔ)2.表語(yǔ)3.狀語(yǔ)4.同位語(yǔ)5.賓語(yǔ)6.定語(yǔ)7.補(bǔ)語(yǔ)第二十九張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Review：一.變復(fù)數(shù)： 1. Chinese _ 2. shelf _ 3. Russian _ 4. Amer

22、ican_ 5. life _ 6. tooth _7. deer _ 8. piano_9.mouse_ 10.goose_11.hero_ 12.Swiss_ChineseshelvesRussiansAmericanslivesteethdeerpianosmicegeeseheroesSwiss第三十張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一玻璃杯一茶杯一瓶一包，一袋一盒；一箱一張(一片,塊)一公斤；一千克一籃子一對(duì)，一雙，一副一群，一隊(duì)，一組a glass of二、常用量詞總結(jié)a cup ofa bottle ofa bag ofa box ofa piece ofa kilo o

23、fa basket ofa pair ofa group of第三十一張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 2. This is _ ball. Its not _ . A. the boys, girls B. the boys, the girls C. the boy, the girl D. boys, girls 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A. my mothers brith

24、day B. my mothers brithday C. my mothers brithday D. my motherss brithday4. These are _ books. Li Lin bought some at the Sun Bookstore and Jill bought some at the Blue Sky Bookstore. A. Li Lins and Jill B. Li Lin and Jills C. Li Lins and Jill D. Li Lins and Jills 三、名詞所有格第三十二張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月動(dòng)詞 v

25、.語(yǔ)法 Grammar第三十三張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、概述 動(dòng)詞是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。如： help，see，go，come, run, fly,look, seem, get, become,can,may第三十四張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月動(dòng)詞的基本形式1.動(dòng)詞原形2.第三人稱單數(shù)3.現(xiàn)在分詞4.過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞Important！第三十五張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月第三人稱單數(shù):1在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s runruns 2以ch, sh, s, o, x結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es teachteacheswashwashesgogoes passp

26、asses 3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕，再加-es trytries fly flies第三十六張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞（規(guī)則變化） 1.在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed; 詞尾有e的加-d. work-workedlike-liked2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕再加-ed carry-carriedstudy-studied3以重讀閉音節(jié)一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫再加-ed stop-stoppedrob-robbed第三十七張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises按要求寫出動(dòng)詞的形式:1.wash2.match3.s

27、top4.make5.read6.play7.watch8.guess第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞原形washeswashingwashedwashedmatchesmatchingmatchedmatchedstopsstoppingstoppedstoppedmakesmakingmademadereadsreadingreadreadplaysplayingplayedplayedwatcheswatchingwatchedwatchedguessesguessingguessedguessed第三十八張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 9.study10.finish11

28、.go12.snow13.carry14.teach15.do16.say原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞studiesstudiedstudiedstudyingfinishesfinishingfinishedfinishedgoesgoingwentgonesnowssnowingsnowedsnowedcarriescarryingcarriedcarriedteachesteachingtaughttaughtdoesdoingdiddonesayssayingsaidsaid第三十九張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月動(dòng)詞Period 2&3第四十張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，

29、創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Lets review what we learned yesterday!第四十一張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 e原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞 destroysdestroyeddestroyingcatchescatchingcaughtcaughtdancesdancingdanceddancedworriesworryingworriedworriedgetsgettinggotgotwasheswashingwashedwashedsingssingingsangsungcomescomingcamecomedestroyed第四十二張，P

30、PT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)第四十三張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： every時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如every day）,on Sundays, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，沒(méi)標(biāo)志等。如：She does her homework every day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： yesterday; “in + 過(guò)去年、月份”

31、，last短語(yǔ)；ago短語(yǔ)；just now, once(從前)。如：I went to see a film yesterday. She worked in that factory last year.第四十四張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月用適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞形式填空：Exercises 1. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be)2. People usually _ (eat) dinner in the evening . 3. His sister always_(go) to school at 7:00 a.m .

32、4.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 5.Jenny and Danny sometimes_(play) games in the afternoon . 6.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.waseatgoescameplaydidnt go第四十五張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.8. She _(not visit) her aunt two days ago. 9. Ther

33、e _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 10. Lin Tao _ (like) his new sweater .11. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家鄉(xiāng)) in 1940.12. Where _you_(have)lunch every day? didnt dodidnt visitwaslikeswerent dohave第四十六張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3、 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow (morning); next 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；soon; “in+一段時(shí)間”；“i

34、n + 未來(lái)年、月份”；before longMary will go shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：now; these days; look (at); listen (to)等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing her homework now.第四十七張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises !1.He _(come) back in a week.2.She_(be)a con

35、ductor of a train soon.3.Listen! She _(sing )in the classroom.4. Li Ming _(be) ten years old next year.5.Look!The boy over there _(play) a model plane.6.China _(become) a modern and strong country before long.will comewill beis singingwill be is playingwill become第四十八張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7.We often_

36、(buy)books and things like that in the shop. 8.I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.9.-What are you doing? -I_(do) my homework.10. The day after tomorrow they _(watch) a volleyball match.11.They _(hold) a birthday party this Sunday.12._you _(work) hard from now on?buywill

37、 leavewill finishleaveam doingwill watchwill holdWill work第四十九張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：already; yet; just; ever; never; “for +一段時(shí)間”，“since短語(yǔ)或從句”等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. 第五十張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises !I already (see) the film. I_ (see) it last

38、week.2. he (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. you (be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I _ (be) there twice.4.My father just (come) back from work. He is tired now.5. Wheres Li Ming? He (go) to the teachers office.haveseenHasfinishedHavebeenhave beenhascomehas gonesaw第五十一張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6. I (work) here s

39、ince I (move) here in 1999.7. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.8. How long the Wangs (stay) here ? For two weeks.have workedmovedhave madehavestayed第五十二張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Remember?What have we learned?Lets review again!第五十三張，PPT共五十九頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Tom _ (not listen) to the radio every morning. 2. I _ (come) to see you again before long. 3. _ your uncle _ (have) a meeting last Friday? 4. How many classes _ you _ (have) every day? 5. Its seven in the evening, Toms family _ (watch) TV. 6. Listen! Who