22高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)成果檢測卷（綜合）-備戰(zhàn)2025年高考英語

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)成果檢測卷（綜合）（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）考生注意：1．答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆分別填寫在試題卷和答題紙規(guī)定的位置上。2.答題時(shí)，請(qǐng)按照答題紙上“注意事項(xiàng)”的要求，在答題紙相應(yīng)的位置上規(guī)范作答，在本試題卷上的作答一律無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽力部分答題時(shí)請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whoarethespeakers?A．Adoctorandapatient. B．Abossandasecretary. C．Asalesmanandacustomer.【答案】B【原文】M:I’mbackfromlunch.Anyphonecalls?W:Yes.AMr.Greencalled.Heaskedyoutocallhimback.M:Okay.Didyoutypethoselettersforme?W:I’malmostfinished.I’mtypingthelastonenow.2．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inthepostoffice. B．Inthebookstore. C．Inthedepartmentstore.【答案】A【原文】W:Hi!IwanttomailthisboxofbookstoParis.M:Sure.Butthere’saweightlimitoffivekilograms,andthatboxlooksbig.W:Oh,Ithinkitweighslessthanfivekilograms.M:Let’ssee…yes,fourkilogramseven.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Classarrangements. B．Gradingpolicies. C．Examresults.【答案】B【原文】M:ProfessorJohnson,Iamwonderinghowyouaregoingtocalculateourfinalgrades.W:Theyarebasedonmanythings:homework,attendance,andperformanceinmonthlyexams,midterms,andfinals.M:Whatcountsthemost?W:ActuallyIlookatallofthemandlet’snotforgetclassparticipation.4．Whyisthewomancomplainingabouttheroom?A．Itlacksprivacy. B．Itistooexpensive. C．Itisverysmall.【答案】A【原文】W:Youtoldmeweweregoingtohaveaprivatebathroomwhenyoubookedtheroom.M:Ithas,andit’sfarlessexpensivethanwehadexpected.W:Butthere’sonlyonepublicbathroomonthisfloor,andweneedtoshareitwithfourotherpeople!5．Whatwillthewomanconsiderdoing?A．Takingthedrivingtest. B．Borrowingtheman’scar. C．Buyingasecond-handcar.【答案】C【原文】W:NowthatI’vepassedmydrivingtest,I’mthinkingofbuyingacar.Butthepricesarecrazy.M:Yeah.Howaboutausedcar,likemine?Icouldreachmydealerforyou.W:I’llthinkaboutthat.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。6．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Courseschedules. B．After-classactivities. C．Animportantdrama.7．Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A．Watchaplay. B．Performinadrama. C．Joinaclub.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Areyouinvolvedinanythingoncampusbesidesstudying?W:Well,I’montheschoolband,andIworkfortheschoolmagazine.

M:Wow.Theycertainlykeepyourhandstied.You’vealreadyhadabusycourseschedule.W:Yeah,Ialsogetinvolvedinsports,andmysparetimeisalmostusedup.Anyway,I’mtryingtofocusonmattersrequiredbymycourseschedules.M:Iguessso.Whynotrelaxyourselfalittlebit?Say,thedramaclubwillputonashowtonight.Theplayiswrittenbysomegraduatesthisyear.Areyouinterested?

W:Soundsinteresting.Ihaven’tbeentosuchperformancesforawhile.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第9題。8．Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A．Torequestarepair. B．Toaskforadiscount. C．Togetareplacement.9．Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A．Fixingthewatch. B．Replacingthewatch. C．Findinganotherrepairer.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】M:I’msorry,buttobehonest,it’shardlyworthmending.W:Areyousure?Iknowitcostalotwhenmygrandmotherboughtit.M:Well,youcouldtakeittoanotherwatchrepairerbutyou’dbewastingyourtimebecausetheywouldtellyouexactlythesame,I’mafraid.W:Isee.M:Soreallythebestchoicewouldbetoreplaceit.Asithappens,Ithinkwehaveaverysimilarmodelinstock.Icanchecknowifyoulike.W:No.I’dratherhavethisonefixedifyoudon’tmind.M:OK.I’llseewhatwecando.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12題。10．WhatcausedJihadBhuttotodropoutofschool?A．Herlackofinterestinstudy.B．Herdesiretoearnmoneyearly.C．Herfamily’sfinancialproblems.11．WhotoldJihadBhuttoabouttheKfarBaraCenter?A．Herfriends. B．Herchildren. C．Aschool’sdean.12．WhendidJihadBhuttogetabachelor’sdegree?A．Attheageof81. B．Attheageof85. C．Attheageof86.【答案】10．C11．A12．B【原文】W:An85-year-oldwomannamedJihadBhuttojustgotabachelor’sdegreefromtheKfarBaraCenterforIslamicStudies.Theoldladydroppedoutofschoolin1948whenshewasonly12yearsoldduetothefactthatherfamilyhadnomoneyforherschooling.However,shealwayslovededucationandreadingbooks.Sheoftenreadbooksinhersparetime.Eventhoughshehadtotakecareofhersevenchildren,shestillreadalot.EveryoneknewaboutBhutto’spassionforlearning,soherfriendstoldherabouttheKfarBaraCenter.Andtheyaskedherifshewantedtojoin.WhenBhuttoheardaboutanopportunityforeducation,shedecidedtodoit.Sheenrolledattheageof81.Fouryearslater,shegraduatedwithabachelor’sdegree.Bhuttotookcoursesinlanguagesandmathematics.Whenshegraduated,peopleaskedtheschool’sdeaniftheyhelpedher.Hesaidno,andonthecontrary,Bhuttohelpedtheotherstudentsinvarioustopics,andteachersoftenmadeheranexampleforthem.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16題。13．WhenwasMonicaofferedthepositionasalocalnewsreporter?A．In2016. B．In2017. C．In2019.14．WhydidMonicaleaveherfirstjob?A．Shemovedtoanothercity.B．Shetriedtopursueherdream.C．Shewantedtotakeupabetterposition.15．WhatdoesMonicathinkofhersecondjob?A．Impressive. B．Enjoyable. C．Promising.16．WhatinformationdoesthemanwanttogetfromMonica?A．Herprofessionalskills.B．Herworkexperience.C．Hereducationalbackground.【答案】13．B14．A15．C16．B【原文】M:So,Monica,Iseethataftergraduatingfromuniversity,yourfirstjobwas…W:ForalocalpaperinYorkcalledtheYorkHeraldin2016.Actually,Istartedwiththemasatraineeinthebeginning.Thisseemedlikeagoodfirststep.M:Certainly.Andafterthat…W:Theyseemedimpressed,andofferedmeapositionasajuniorlocalnewsreporterthenextyear.Iendedupstayingtwoyearsthereactually.Iwasinchargeofthesportsnewssectionofthenewspaper.M:Isee.Butyoudecidedtoleavethemin2019,right?W:Yes,that’sright.MyhusbandandImovedtoLondon,andsoImanagedtofindapositionwithanationalnewspaperbasedinLondon.M:IsittheLondonWeekly?W:Exactly.Insomeways,itwasastepdownfrommypreviousjob,butitdidoffermemuchbetterprospectsforthefuture.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20題。17．Whatisthedateofthestory?A．Saturday,May12th. B．Saturday,March12th. C．Sunday,March22nd.18．Whathappenedlastnight?A．Ataxidriversawamanstealingacomputer.B．Athiefstoleacomputerfromtheschool.C．Athiefstoleataxidriver’scomputer.19．WhichistheRIGHTnumbertoringupthepolice?A．4624. B．2464. C．6426.20．WhattimedoesthenewSportsCentreopen?A．At9:30am. B．At3:00pm. C．At9:13am.【答案】17．B18．B19．C20．A【原文】Welcome,everyone.ThisisourSaturdayRadioProgramme.ThisisSaturday,March12th.Nowforthenews:Firstsomebadnews.Someonestoleoneoftheschoolcomputerslastnight.Wedon’tknowwho,butataxidriversawatallmanattheschoolgateataboutmidnight.Themanwaswearingblacktrousersandablackhat.Didyouseehim?Ifyoudid,pleasetelephonethepoliceat6426,that’s6426.Nowforsomegoodnews.ThenewSportsCentreopensatninethirtytomorrowmorning.Intheafternoon,atthreeo’clock,thereisaswimmingmatch.Ifyoucanswim,gothereandtrytowin.Thefirstprizeisaradio.Seeyouthere.Goodbye.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ACoveringhugelandsofChileandArgentinaintheSouthernHemisphere,Patagoniaisheavenforfansofoutdooradventures.ElCalafate,ArgentinaEveryday,groupsofbusesdepartElCalafateforthePeritoMorenoglacier—anaccessibleicysight,andoneoftheworld’sfewadvancingglaciers.Aseriesofboardwalksleadtovariousviewpointsthatallowyoutobeamazedatthisshining,blue-whitewallofice.Futaleufú,ChileImagineit:youandtherestoftheraftingcrewarewaitingforthesignalfromtheraftingguidetorowlikeyourlifedependsonit.Hugeriverwavesarehittingtheboatandwhite-watersprayshowersyouheadtofoot.YouwipethewateroutofyoureyesandenjoythesunshinewhenpeopleintheNorthernHemispheresufferfromthefreezingcold,andtherearenumerousguesthouseswhereyoucanbaseyourself.CuevadelasManos,ArgentinaInahiddencanyon,reachablebytouroryourownwheels,aboardwalkleadsyoupastavastoverhangingrockface,decoratedwithancientrockart.ThisUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteisoneofthemostfamousrockartsitesinSouthAmerica,withover800outlinesofhumanhandsandfeetofwildlife.PuntaTombo,ArgentinaYousmellthepenguinsbeforeyouseethem.ThepresenceofnearlyamillionMagellanicpenguins—somehidingunderground,somegoingfishinginthesea,othersstandingaround—isapowerfuleffectonyoursenses.Thelong,narrowpeninsulaalsoattractsgulls,flightlesssteamerducks,andblackoystercatchers.21．WhatcanyoudoinElCalafate,Argentina?A．Carveicywalls. B．Admireglaciers.C．Enjoybustours. D．Decorateboardwalks.22．Inwhichmonthcanyoutakeonthewhite-waterraftingtrips?A．January. B．May. C．August. D．October.23．Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinobservinglivewildlife?A．Futaleufú,Chile B．ElCalafate,ArgentinaC．PuntaTombo,Argentina D．CuevadelasManos,Argentina【答案】21．B22．A23．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了位于南半球的巴塔哥尼亞地區(qū)及其周邊幾個(gè)適合戶外探險(xiǎn)的地點(diǎn)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ElCalafate,Argentina部分中“Aseriesofboardwalksleadtovariousviewpointsthatallowyoutobeamazedatthisshining,blue-whitewallofice.(一系列的木板路通向不同的視角，讓你驚嘆于這閃閃發(fā)光的藍(lán)白色冰墻。)”可知，你可以在阿根廷的埃爾卡拉法特通過一系列的木板路到達(dá)不同的觀賞點(diǎn)，欣賞這閃閃發(fā)光的藍(lán)白色冰墻。故選B。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Futaleufú,Chile部分中“Hugeriverwavesarehittingtheboatandwhite-watersprayshowersyouheadtofoot.YouwipethewateroutofyoureyesandenjoythesunshinewhenpeopleintheNorthernHemispheresufferfromthefreezingcold,andtherearenumerousguesthouseswhereyoucanbaseyourself.(巨大的河浪打在船上，白色的水花從你的頭噴到腳。當(dāng)北半球的人們在寒冷中受苦時(shí)，你可以擦去眼睛里的水，享受陽光，還有無數(shù)的賓館可以讓你歇腳。)”可知，當(dāng)北半球的人們飽受嚴(yán)寒之苦時(shí)，你可以在Futaleufú享受陽光，進(jìn)行漂流。由此可以推斷，“白水漂流之旅”應(yīng)該在南半球的夏季進(jìn)行，即12月到2月之間。故選A。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PuntaTombo,Argentina部分中“ThepresenceofnearlyamillionMagellanicpenguins—somehidingunderground,somegoingfishinginthesea,othersstandingaround—isapowerfuleffectonyoursenses.Thelong,narrowpeninsulaalsoattractsgulls,flightlesssteamerducks,andblackoystercatchers.(近百萬只麥哲倫企鵝的存在——有的躲藏在地底下，有的出海捕魚，還有的四處閑逛——會(huì)給你的感官帶來強(qiáng)烈的震撼。這個(gè)狹長半島還吸引著海鷗、無法飛翔的船鴨和黑蠣鷸。)”可知，如果你對(duì)觀察野生生物感興趣，你應(yīng)該去PuntaTombo。故選C。BEarlierthatday,I’dpickedupmycarfromthegarageanddrovenorthoutofthecityinfullconfidence.Whatcouldgowrong?Afteracoupleofhours,Inoticedmybatterylightwason.I’dseensuchlightsbefore.I’dworrytomorrow.Ormaybenot.Gradually,moreandmoredashboard(儀表盤)lightsflashed.Ihadneverseenthatmanyflashatoncebeforeinthisoranyothercar.Thenmyradiocutoutandsuddenlytheheadlightstoo.Finally,theenginedied,andIrolledtotheshoulderoftheroad.Luckily,myhazardlights(危險(xiǎn)警示燈)worked.Unluckily,IamoneofthelastpeopleonEarthwithoutamobilephone.Iwaswavingmyarmsinthedarknessfor20minutes.Noonestopped.Thenapassingpickuptruckpulledover!Thedriverwasonhiswayhomefromajobinterview.WhenImentionedthatnooneelsestopped,theyoungmansaid,“Peoplejustdon’tcareanymore.”HelentmehiscellphoneandIcalledforatow(拖車).Soonapolicecarpulledinontheshoulderbehindusandanofficergotout.Heinvitedmetositinthebackofhisvehicle,tostaywarm.Hetoldmethattwopeoplecalledinaboutamanwavingatthesideofthehighway.“Theywerewomenanddidn’twanttostop,”heexplained.“Ican’tblamethem,”Isaid.Halfanhourlater,thetowtruckarrived.Iknewthatoncemywife,mymotherandmychildrenheardaboutmylatestmisadventuretheywouldtalkmeintogettingacellphone.Afterall,whatresponsiblepersonhasnomobile?ButIdon’tknow.Ihadalotofgoodvisitswithnewpeople.Andwhataboutallthosefolkswhocalledforhelponmybehalf?AndtheofficerwhomadesureIstayedwarm?Andthetow-truckdriverwhogotmehomesafely?Isthereabetterwaytodiscoverthekindnessesofsomanystrangers?24．WhatcanwesayabouttheauthorfromParagraph1?A．Hetrustedtohisluck. B．Hehadmanyworries.C．Heescapedfromdeath. D．Hemadeseveralwrongturns.25．Whathelpdidtheyoungmanoffertotheauthor?A．Hegavehimalift. B．Hecomfortedhimwithwords.C．Helethimusehisphone. D．Hecalledthepoliceforhim.26．Howmighttheauthorfeelhearingthepoliceofficer’swords?A．Slightlyhurt. B．Greatlyrelieved.C．Severelyworried. D．Deeplytouched.27．Whatwilltheauthormostlikelydoconcerninghisfamily’sadvice?A．Actonit. B．Putitaside.C．Acceptitpartly. D．Passitontootherdrivers.【答案】24．A25．C26．D27．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)樽约簺]有帶手機(jī)，在自己的汽車出問題后，陌生人對(duì)于作者的幫助的經(jīng)歷。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whatcouldgowrong?Afteracoupleofhours,Inoticedmybatterylightwason.I’dseensuchlightsbefore.I’dworrytomorrow.Ormaybenot.(會(huì)出什么問題呢？幾個(gè)小時(shí)后，我注意到我的電池?zé)袅林Ｎ乙郧耙娺^這樣的光。我明天再擔(dān)心。也許不是)”可知，作者很相信自己的運(yùn)氣，以為自己的車不會(huì)出問題，故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“HelentmehiscellphoneandIcalledforatow(拖車).(他把手機(jī)借給我，我叫了拖車)”可知，年輕人把自己的手機(jī)借給作者，故選C。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Hetoldmethattwopeoplecalledinaboutamanwavingatthesideofthehighway.“Theywerewomenanddidn’twanttostop,”heexplained.(他告訴我，有兩個(gè)人打電話來，說一個(gè)男人在高速公路邊揮手。“她們是女人，不想停下來，”他解釋說)”可推知，聽到警察的話，作者因?yàn)槟吧私o警察打電話為自己尋求幫助而深受感動(dòng)。故選D。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Iknewthatoncemywife,my

motherandmychildrenheardaboutmylatestmisadventuretheywould

talkmeintogettingacellphone.Afterall,whatresponsiblepersonhas

nomobile?ButIdon’tknow.Ihadalotofgoodvisitswithnewpeople.Andwhataboutallthosefolkswhocalledforhelponmybehalf?AndtheofficerwhomadesureIstayedwarm?Andthetow-truckdriverwhogotmehomesafely?Isthereabetterwaytodiscoverthekindnessesofsomanystrangers?(我知道，一旦我的妻子、母親和孩子們聽說了我最近的不幸遭遇，他們會(huì)說服我買一部手機(jī)。畢竟，哪個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的人沒有手機(jī)？但我不知道。我和新認(rèn)識(shí)的人有很多愉快的接觸。那那些為我尋求幫助的人呢？那確保我保暖的警官呢？那個(gè)把我安全送回家的拖車司機(jī)呢？還有更好的方法來發(fā)現(xiàn)這么多陌生人的善意嗎？)”可知，因?yàn)樽髡邲]有帶手機(jī)，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些陌生人的善良和幫助。由此推知，作者可能會(huì)不采納家人的建議。故選B。CYourfavoritefoodsmightnottastethesameinthefuture,andtheclimatecrisisisbehindit.InsouthwestSpain,blackIberianpigsforage(覓食)undercenturies-oldoaktrees,aprocessessentialfortheuniquetasteoftheJamonIberico,aspecialcuredham(腌制火腿)madefromtheblack-footedpig.However,accordingtoNationalGeographic,frequentheatwavesandafive-yeardroughthavereducedthenumberofthetrees’acorns(橡子)aswellasthegrassaroundthem.Withoutthesenaturalfoodsources,thepigsrequireextrafeed,whichchangestheham’suniqueflavor.Ittakes30yearsforoaktreestogrowacorns,andalternativefeedslikeoliveswouldmakethemeattastebitterandspicy.Droughtalsoaffectsthetasteoffruits.Watermelonsandcantaloupes(香瓜),forinstance,displaynoticeableflavorchangesduringdroughtconditions.ResearchersattheAgrifoodResearchandTechnologyCenterofAragoninSpainexplainedtotheSpanishonlinenewspaperPublicothatcompounds(化合物)suchassugarsbuildupduringdrought,changingthetasteoffood,eitherpositivelyornegatively.Beyonddrought,risingtemperaturesandsealevelsalsoinfluencefoodflavors.Typically,warmdaysandcoolnightsenhancethesugarandacidcontentinfruits,whichareessentialforoptimal(最佳的)flavor.However,globalwarmingmakesthislesslikely.Forexample,Japaneseapplesarebecominglessacidic,softer,anddrierduetoearlybloomingandhightemperaturesduringgrowth,notedNationalGeographic.Similarly,oysters,whichdobestinamixofsaltandfreshwater,arelosingtheirdistinctflavorsduetotheirincreasinglysaltyenvironmentcausedbyrisingsealevelsandheightenedriversalinity(鹽度).Whilethefoodweconsumeisdeeplyinfluencedbytheclimatecrisis,ourfoodchoicesalsocontributetoit.Meatanddairy,especiallyfromcows,significantlyimpacttheclimate.Raisinglivestock(牲畜)accountsforabout14.5percentoftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissionsannually,comparabletotheemissionsfromallcars,trucks,airplanes,andshipscombined.Comparedtoplantprotein,producinganimalproteingenerallyrequiresmoreland,energyandwater.Thismayseemlikeaviciouscircle(惡性循環(huán)),butitisnotimpossibletobreak.TheGoodFoodInstitute,aUS-basedthinktankpromotingalternativeproteins,believespeoplewillchoosesuchoptionsiftheyareastastyandaffordableasmeat.Meanwhile,morepeoplehavestartedtotakeaction.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,WillHarris,aUSfarmer,practicesregenerativefarmingbyallowingcowstomovearoundfreelyandreducingchemicaluseandsoildisturbance,whichismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Inaddition,buyinglocal,in-seasonproduceisusuallybest,asout-of-seasonfruitsandvegetables,especiallythoseflownin,haveahighcarbonfootprint.28．HowdoesclimatechangeaffectJamonIberico’staste?A．Bytransformingthebreedofthepigs. B．Bychangingthepigs’naturaldiet.C．Byspeedinguptheagingprocessoftheham. D．Byaffectingthecuringprocessoftheham.29．Howdoestheauthorillustratetheimpactofclimatechangeonfruits?A．Bydiscussingtheacidcontentsinfruits. B．Bydescribingchangesinfruitsize.C．Bymentioningthechangesinfruitcolor. D．Bystressingthesugarbuildupduringdrought.30．Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheauthorinthelastparagraph?A．Toargueforstricterfarmingregulations.B．Todemonstratethefailuretofightclimatechange.C．Toencouragemoresustainablefarmingpractices.D．Topromotetheconsumptionofimportedfruits.31．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheFlavorsofClimateChange B．TheFutureofFoodProductionC．TheImpactofDroughtonAgriculture D．ClimateChangeandFoodSecurity【答案】28．B29．D30．C31．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹氣候變化對(duì)食物的味道的影響。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Withoutthesenaturalfoodsources,thepigsrequireextrafeed,whichchangestheham’suniqueflavor.(沒有這些天然食物來源，豬需要額外的飼料，這改變了火腿的獨(dú)特風(fēng)味。)”可知，氣候變化改變了豬的自然飲食，結(jié)果影響了腌制火腿的口味。故選B。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“compounds(化合物)suchassugarsbuildupduringdrought,changingthetasteoffood,eitherpositivelyornegatively.(糖等化合物在干旱期間會(huì)積聚，對(duì)食物的味道產(chǎn)生積極或消極的影響。)”可知，作者通過強(qiáng)調(diào)干旱期間糖分的積累來說明氣候變化對(duì)水果的影響。故選D。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Meanwhile,morepeoplehavestartedtotakeaction.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,WillHarris,aUSfarmer,practicesregenerativefarmingbyallowingcowstomovearoundfreelyandreducingchemicaluseandsoildisturbance,whichismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Inaddition,buyinglocal,in-seasonproduceisusuallybest,asout-of-seasonfruitsandvegetables,especiallythoseflownin,haveahighcarbonfootprint.(與此同時(shí)，越來越多的人開始采取行動(dòng)。據(jù)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道，美國農(nóng)民威爾·哈里斯通過允許奶牛自由活動(dòng)、減少化學(xué)品使用和土壤擾動(dòng)來進(jìn)行再生農(nóng)業(yè)，這對(duì)環(huán)境更友好。此外，購買當(dāng)?shù)禺?dāng)季農(nóng)產(chǎn)品通常是最好的，因?yàn)楫?dāng)季水果和蔬菜，尤其是那些空運(yùn)進(jìn)來的，具有很高的碳足跡。)”可知，作者在這一段鼓勵(lì)更加可持續(xù)發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)耕作方式。故選C。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Yourfavoritefoodsmightnottastethesameinthefuture,andtheclimatecrisisisbehindit.(你最喜歡的食物在未來可能不會(huì)有同樣的味道，氣候危機(jī)是它背后的原因。)”可知，這篇文章主要講述氣候變化對(duì)食物的味道的影響。D“氣候變化與糧食安全”符合主題，故選D。DSoonafterChatGPTwasintroducedtopublicin2022,researcherstestedwhattheartificialintelligence(AI)chatbotwouldwriteafteritwasaskedquestionswithfalsenarratives.Theresultsweretroubling.ResearcherspredictthatgenerativetechnologylikeChatGPTcouldmakedisinformationcheaperandeasiertoproduceforanevenlargernumberofspreadersofdisinformation.Personalized,real-timechatbotscouldsharefalseinformationinincreasinglycredibleandpersuasiveways,researcherssay,smoothingouthumanerrorslikepoorgrammarandmistranslationsandadvancingbeyondeasilydiscoverablecopy-pastejobs.Andtheysaythatnoavailablestrategiescaneffectivelyfightit.EarlierversionsofChatGPT,whichwascreatedbythecompanyOpenAI,havebeenusedforyearstofillonlineforumsandsocialmediaplatformswithcommentsandunwantedemails.MicrosofthadtostopactivityfromitsTaychatbotwithin24hoursofintroducingitonTwitterin2016aftertrolls(惡意發(fā)帖人)taughtittouseracistlanguage.ChatGPTisfarmorepowerful,advancedandcomplex.Suppliedwithquestionsloadedwithdisinformation,itcanproduceconvincing,cleanvariationsonthecontentwithinseconds,withoutdisclosingitssources.Recently,MicrosoftandOpenAIintroducedanewBingsearchengineandwebbrowserthatcanusechatbottechnologytoplanvacations,translatetextsorconductresearch.OpenAIresearchershavelongbeennervousaboutchatbotsfallingintohandsofcriminals.Theyvoicedtheirconcernabouttheirchatbot’scapabilitiestolowercostsofdisinformationcampaignsandaidinthepursuitofmonetarygains,particularpoliticalagendas,and/ordesirestocreatechaosorconfusion.OpenAIusesmachinesandhumanstomonitorcontentthatisfedintoandproducedbyChatGPT.ThecompanyreliesonbothitshumanAItrainersandfeed-backfromuserstoidentifyandfilteroutharmfultrainingdatawhileteachingChatGPTtoproducebetter-informedresponses.OpenAI’spoliciesprohibituseofitstechnologytopromotedishonesty,misleadusersorattempttoinfluencepolitics.Thecompanyoffersafreemoderationtooltohandlecontentthatpromoteshate,self-harmandviolence.32．WhatdoweknowabouttheTaychatbot?A．Itwastakendownshortlyafteritwasreleased.B．ItwasOpenAI’smostadvancedchatbot.C．ItwasintroducedtocompetewithChatGPT.D．Itwasslowinlearningnewcontent.33．HowdoesChatGPTincreasetheriskofdisinformation?A．Itreducestheeffectivenessofdisinformation.B．Itlowersthecostofdisinformationcampaigns.C．Itmakesdisinformationcheaperandconvincing.D．Itspreadsinformationmorequicklythanbefore.34．WhatdoesOpenAIdotopreventthemisuseofChatGPT?A．Sharedatawithothercompanies.B．Encourageuserstogivefeedback.C．Monitorcontentandfollowstrictrules.D．Reviewinformationfromnewusers.35．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．OpenAIBanstheMisuseofGenerativeTechnologyB．ChatGPTCraftsMisinformationinMoreAreasC．ResearchersSeekSolutionstoCombatAIChatbotsD．ResearchersRaiseAlarmsAboutAIChatbots【答案】32．A33．C34．C35．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是研究人員對(duì)人工智能聊天機(jī)器人表示擔(dān)憂，并對(duì)其提出警告。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“MicrosofthadtostopactivityfromitsTaychatbotwithin24hoursofintroducingitonTwitterin2016aftertrolls(惡意發(fā)帖人)taughtittouseracistlanguage.(2016年，微軟在推特上推出Tay聊天機(jī)器人后，24小時(shí)內(nèi)就停止了它的活動(dòng)，因?yàn)橛袗阂夤粽呓趟褂梅N族主義語言)”可知，Tay聊天機(jī)器人在發(fā)布后不久就被下架了。故選A項(xiàng)。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ResearcherspredictthatgenerativetechnologylikeChatGPTcouldmakedisinformationcheaperandeasiertoproduceforanevenlargernumberofspreadersofdisinformation.(研究人員預(yù)測，像ChatGPT這樣的生成技術(shù)可以使虛假信息更便宜，更容易為更多的虛假信息傳播者生產(chǎn))”可知，ChatGPT增加了虛假信息的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗固摷傩畔⒏阋耍姓f服力。故選C項(xiàng)。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“OpenAIusesmachinesandhumanstomonitorcontentthatisfedintoandproducedbyChatGPT.(OpenAI使用機(jī)器和人類來監(jiān)控ChatGPT輸入和生成的內(nèi)容)”以及“OpenAI’spoliciesprohibituseofitstechnologytopromotedishonesty,misleadusersorattempttoinfluencepolitics.Thecompanyoffersafreemoderationtooltohandlecontentthatpromoteshate,self-harmandviolence.(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技術(shù)來促進(jìn)不誠實(shí)、誤導(dǎo)用戶或試圖影響政治。該公司提供了一個(gè)免費(fèi)的審核工具來處理宣揚(yáng)仇恨、自殘和暴力的內(nèi)容)”可知，OpenAI通過監(jiān)控內(nèi)容并嚴(yán)格遵守規(guī)則來防止濫用ChatGPT。故選C項(xiàng)。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段中“OpenAI’spoliciesprohibituseofitstechnologytopromotedishonesty,misleadusersorattempttoinfluencepolitics.Thecompanyoffersafreemoderationtooltohandlecontentthatpromoteshate,self-harmandviolence(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技術(shù)來促進(jìn)不誠實(shí)、誤導(dǎo)用戶或試圖影響政治。該公司提供了一個(gè)免費(fèi)的審核工具來處理宣揚(yáng)仇恨、自殘和暴力的內(nèi)容)”可知，文章主要講的是研究人員對(duì)人工智能聊天機(jī)器人表示擔(dān)憂，并對(duì)其提出警告。由此可知，“研究人員對(duì)人工智能聊天機(jī)器人發(fā)出警告”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題,每小題2.5分,共12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whetheryoulikeitornot,fallishere.Soontheweatherwillgetcolder.Theleaveswilldieandthenightswillstretchlongerthanthedays.Anotheryearisdying;that’sjusthowitgoes.Studiessuggestthatifyouaredeeplypreoccupiedwithyourthoughts,intheautumn,youmaybeatmoreriskfordepressioninthewinter.Changingtheclocksinthefallisassociatedwithdepressiveepisodes(changingthembackinspringisnot).36Psychologistssaythatthefeelingsthatoftencropupinautumncomefromourdiscomfortwithchange,andananxietyanduncertaintyaboutwhatthatchangewillbring.37Andofthesethingstheanxiety,thepromiseandeventhecarefulthoughts—makeittheidealseasontobuildresilienceandpracticemindfulness.Psychologistshavealsofoundthatthethoughtofchange,theendingofonething,thebeginningofanother,andperhapsourownmortality,underliesagreatdealofanxiety.Someofusstrugglewith“intoleranceofuncertainty,”morethanothers.Butintoleranceofuncertaintyisapartofbeinghuman;everyonehasitonsomelevel.38Onewaytobuildtoleranceistoleanintoit—tocultivateuncertaintyratherthanrunningawayfromit.39Quietlysitonaparkbenchandwatchatreedropitsleaves,forinstance,examinetherosesinthegardenthatneedpruning...insuchmoments,it’simportanttostopthinking,analyzing,orhavinginternalconversationsaboutworkortroublesorevenwhateveryouarewitnessing.Autumnwillprobablyholdsomewhisperofdecayandmortality.40Ifyouarealwaystryingtoavoiddifficultfeelings,youmightendupalsocuttingyourselfofffromlove,richnessandsweetness.Dr.Wilsonsaid,“thisishowlifeis:sweetandsad,pouredfromthesamevesselinequalmeasure.”A．Anditischangeable.B．Butitisnotthatbad.C．Butembracingthatsadnessisimportant.D．Morerecently,it’sbecomeatimetoappreciateoursurroundings.E．Fallalsobringswithitbright,briskdays,pumpkinpatchesandcozysweaters.F．Itisnowonderthattheseasonhassomanycelebrationstoattempttokeepourspiritsup.G．Anotherstrategyexpertssuggestforsoothinganxietyistostepbackandsimplyobservetheworldaroundyou.【答案】36．F37．B38．A39．G40．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了秋天會(huì)出現(xiàn)的情緒波動(dòng)甚至抑郁，并提出了一些調(diào)整方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Studiessuggestthatifyouaredeeplypreoccupiedwithyourthoughts,intheautumn,youmaybeatmoreriskfordepressioninthewinter.Changingtheclocksinthefallisassociatedwithdepressiveepisodes(changingthembackinspringis