皮膚病學(xué)總論英文

演講人：日期：皮膚病學(xué)總論英文IntroductiontoDermatologySkinAnatomyandPhysiologyClassificationofSkinDiseasesDiagnosisofSkinDiseasesTreatmentofSkinDiseasesSurgicalDermatologyandCosmeticProcedures目錄01IntroductiontoDermatologyDermatologyisthebranchofmedicinethatdealswiththediagnosisandtreatmentofconditionsaffectingtheskin,hair,andnailsThescopeofdermatologyencompassedawiderangeofdiseases,includingskincancer,inflammationskindiseases,affectingskindiseases,andgeneticskindisordersDermatologistsalsodealwithcosmeticissuesrelatedtoskinaging,hairloss,andotherconcernsDefinitionandScopeofDermatologyTheearliestrecordedhistoryofDermatologycanbetracedbacktoanytimewhenglobalremindersandtopicalapplicationswereusedtotreatskinconditionsInthe18thand19thcenturies,significantadvantagesweremadeintheunderstandingandtreatmentofskindiseasesthroughthedevelopmentofscientificmethodsandtheestablishmentofmathematicsasaspecializedfieldofmedicineModerndermologyhasseenrapidprogressinareassuchasgenetics,immunology,andmolecularbiology,leadingtothedevelopmentofmoreeffectiveandtargetedtreatmentsforskinconditions010203HistoryandDevelopmentofDermatologyDermatologistsplayavitalroleindiagnosisandtreatingskinconditions,helpingpatientsmanagetheirsymptomsandimprovetheirqualityoflifeAdditionally,theyalsocontributetothepreventionofskindiseasesthrougheducationandawarenessprogramsTheskinisthelargestorganizationofthebodyandplaysacriticalroleinprotectingthebodyfromexternalham,regulatingbodytemperature,andsensingtheenvironmentSkindiseasescanhaveasignificantimpactonaperson'sphysicalandmentalhealth,affectingtheirqualityoflifeandoverallwellbeingImportanceofDermatologyinMedicine02SkinAnatomyandPhysiologyEpidermisTheoutermostlayeroftheskin,makeupofdeadskincellsandkeratinItactsasabarriertoprotectthebodyfromexternalharmDermisLiesbenefittheepisodeandcontainsconnectedissues,bloodvessels,andnerveendingsItgivestheskinitselasticityandstrengthSubmissionsTheinnermostlayeroftheskin,madeupoffatandconnectedissueIthelpstoregulatebodytemperatureandactsasashockabsorberStructureoftheSkinFunctionsoftheSkinProtectionTheskinactsasabarriertoprotectthebodyfromexternalfactorssuchasbacteria,viruses,andUVraysRegulationofBodyTemperatureTheskinhelpstoregulatebodytemperaturethroughsweatingandvasoconstrictionSensorReceptionTheskincontainsnerveendingsthatallowustofeeltouch,pain,andtemperatureSynthesisofVitaminDTheskinplaysaroleinthesynthesisofvitaminDwhenexposedtosunlightSkinAppendagesandTheirFunctionsHairGrowsfromfolliclesintheskinandhelpstoregulatebodytemperature,protectthescale,andsensorreceptionSebaceousGlandsProducesebum,anoilysubstancethathelpstolubricatetheskinandhairNailsMakeofkeratinandprotectthefingersandtoesfrominjuryTheyalsoaidinfinemotorskillsSweetGlandsProducesweettohelpregulatebodytemperatureandexcesswasteproducts03ClassificationofSkinDiseasesCausedbybacteria,viruses,fungi,orparasites,thesediseasescanspreadthroughcontactwithaffectedindividualsorcontiguoussurfacesCommonexamplesincludeImpetigo,Chickenpox,Ringworm,andScabiesThesearecausedbyparasitesthatinvadetheskin,suchasscalesmitesorliceTheyoftencauseintensiveitchingandcanbedifficulttotreatTheseoccurrenceswhentheimmunesystemreactsabnormallytoasubstancethatcomesintocontactwiththeskin,causinginflationanditchingCommonexamplesincludecontactdeductionsandatomicdeductions(eczema)AffectedSkinDiseasesParasiticSkinDiseasesAllergicSkinDiseasesInfluentialSkinDiseasesPsoriasis01Thisisachronicinflammationdiseasethatcausesred,scalypatchesontheskinItisthoughttobecausedbyanoveractiveimmunesystemDermatitis02Thisumbrellatermreferstoanyinflationoftheskin,whichcanhavemanycausesincludingallergys,irritants,andunderlyingmedicalconditionsAcne03Thiscommonskinconditionoccurswhenhairfolliclescomecloggedwithoilanddeadskincells,leadingtoinflationandsamplesInflammatorySkinDiseasesBasalCellCarcinomaThisisthemostcommontypeofskincancer,typicallyappearingasaslowgrowing,painlessbumponsunexposedareasoftheskinSquamousCellCarcinomaThesecondmostcommontypeofskincancer,itoftenappearsasascalyredpatchthatmaycrushorbleedMelanomaThisisthemostseriestypeofskincancer,originatinginthesegmentproducingcellsoftheskinIttypicallyappearsasadark,irregularlyshapedmoldthatmaychangeovertimeNeoplasticSkinDiseasesIchthyosisAgroupofgeneticskindisordersthatcausedry,scalyskinduetoabuildofdeadskincellsAlbinismAgeneticconditionthatcausesalayeroffragmentintheskin,hair,andeyesduetothepresenceormalfunctioningofmelaninproducingcellsPorphyriaAraymetabolicdisorderthataffectstheproductionofhim,acomponentofredbloodcellsItcancausetheskintobecomeextremelysensitivetosunlightanddevelopblistersorlessonsMetabolicandGeneticSkinDiseasesEpidermosisBullosaAgroupofgeneticskindisordersthatcausetheskintobeextremelyfragileandblustereasilyduetoadefectintheprocessesthatholdskincellstogetherMetabolicandGeneticSkinDiseases04DiagnosisofSkinDiseases

ClinicalExaminationVisualInspectionObservingtheskinfordefects,rashes,disassembly,orotherabnormalitiesPalpationFeelingtheskinfortexturechanges,bumps,ortendernessAuditListeningforanyabnormalsoundsthatmayindicateunderlyingskinconditionsSkinBiopsyRemovingasmallsampleofskinissueformicroscopicexaminationApplyingsmallamountsofpotentialappealstotheskintocheckforemergencyreactionsTakingsamplesfromaffectedareastoidentifythepresenceofbacteriaorFungiUsingaspecializedmagicdevicetoexamineskinlesionsmorecloselyPatchTestingBacterialorFungalCulturesDermatoscopeDermatologicalTestsandProceduresDistinguishingbetweensimilarbookingskinconditionstodeterminethecorrectdiagnosesRulingoutotherpotentialcausesoftheskinproblemthroughaprocessofeliminationConsideringthepatient'smedicalhistory,symptoms,andtestresultsReferringthepatienttoaspecialistifnecessaryforfurthertestingortreatmentDifferentialDiagnosis05TreatmentofSkinDiseasesUsedtoreduceinflationandittinginavarietyofskinconditionssuchaseczema,psoriasis,andacutereactionsTopiccorticosteroidsAppliedtotheskintotreatorpreventinfections,oftenusedinconjunctionwithothertreatmentsforACNE,Rosacea,andotherskininfectionsTopicantibioticsUsedtotreatfungalinfectionsoftheskin,suchasathlete'sfoot,ringworm,andsometypesofnailinfectionsTopicalfindingsDerivedfromvitaminA,thesemedicinesareusedtotreatACNE,PSORIASIS,andtoreducetheappearanceoffinelinesandwritingsTopicretinidsTopicMedicationsSystemicMedicationsAntibioticsChemotherapydrinksAntivirusImmunosuppressantsTakeorallyorintravenouslytotreatwidespreadormultipleskininfectionsUsedtotreatviralinfectionsoftheskin,suchasherpes,shingles,andcancertypesofwartsUsedtotreatautoimmuneskindiseasessuchaslupusanddermatomosisbysuppressingtheimmunesystemInsomecases,chemotherapydrinksmaybeusedtotreatcancertypesofskincancerExceptionSurgicalremovalofadeficiencyorgrowth,oftenusedtotreatskincancerandothergrowthCryosurgeryTheuseofextremecoldtodestroytrouble,oftenusedtotreatwarts,skintags,andsometypesofskincancerLasertherapyTheuseoffocusedlighttotreatavarietyofskinconditionsincludingacne,scarrs,birthmarks,andtattoosDeductionandmicrobiologyProceduresthatuseaggressivetoolstoremovethetoplayersofskin,improvingtheappearanceofscarrs,writers,andotherskineffectsSurgicalandOtherProcedures06SurgicalDermatologyandCosmeticProceduresExceptionofSkinLessonsSurgicalremovalofbenignormalignantskingrowth,includingcycles,mentors,andmolesSkinGradingandFlapSurgeryTechniquesusedtocoverlargewoundsordefects,involvingthetransitionofskinissuesfromonepartofthebodytoanotherLaserSurgeryUtilizationoflasttechnologytotreatavarietyofskinconditionssuchasbirthmarks,tattoos,andcancertypesCryosurgeryConstructionofabnormalskinissuesbyfreezing,commonlyusedforthetreatmentofwars,skintags,andsometypesofskincancerSurgicalDermatology01CommonlyknownasBotox,usedtotemporallyrelaxmusclesthatcausewrinklesBotulinumtoxininjections02