大學(xué)英語四級(jí)期末考試試卷(選修課)

PAGEPAGE2華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)期末考試試卷（選修課）2013-2014學(xué)年第一學(xué)期考試科目：大學(xué)英語四級(jí)詞匯精講考試類型：（開卷）考試考試時(shí)間：90分鐘學(xué)號(hào)姓名年級(jí)專業(yè)題號(hào)一二三四五六總分得分評(píng)閱人注意事項(xiàng)：請(qǐng)考生按規(guī)定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)參加考試。請(qǐng)按考場(chǎng)座位表順序坐好，將手機(jī)關(guān)機(jī)或調(diào)到靜音。請(qǐng)將自己的姓名、學(xué)號(hào)、班級(jí)寫在試題冊(cè)和答題紙上的相應(yīng)位置。答題紙上的學(xué)號(hào)須用簽字筆從左到右填涂（如：201230900201的學(xué)號(hào)需填寫201230900201）。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)讀懂題目的說明，按要求作答，答案請(qǐng)寫在答題紙上。考試時(shí)間90分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束時(shí)，請(qǐng)考生留在座位上，等監(jiān)考人員將試卷收齊清點(diǎn)完畢后方可離開考場(chǎng)。所有試題冊(cè)和答題紙均不得帶出考場(chǎng)?？忌蛔袷匾陨弦?guī)定，導(dǎo)致試卷或答題紙丟失，或因填寫錯(cuò)誤造成無法看清等其他問題的，后果由考生自己承擔(dān)。考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)監(jiān)考老師將試題冊(cè)和答題紙按學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)點(diǎn)清。得分PartICollocation（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed20minutestofillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.注意：此部分題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。frameworkinspireuprightrivalparallelmanipulatehollowconsideratestretchelasticsoarrespectiveacknowledgemoderateevidenceconsumerestrictremedycalculateTypicalmodifysufficientderiveselectinterfereimpactadvisablesupplementLifewithoutagoalis________.Trytofindsomethingmeaningfultodo.Itstandstoreasonthatifyouare________andfriendlytopeopleyouwillgetalotmoreback.Whenthetwomancamehead-toheadforthefirsttimeasbossesof______clubs,itwastheFrenchmanwhocameoutontop.Ourplanis_______.Whennecessary,wecanmakechangestoitaccordingly.Theexpertsarefascinatedbytheideaofcomputerswithintellects_______orexceedingMan’s.Hewantedtobeagreatleaderbutunfortunatelyhedidnot_________manyofthosearoundhim,andtobehonest,dedidlittletochangethis.Theyweretoldthatscientistswouldsoonbeableto________theageingprocess.Itisatruthuniversally_______thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.Fishtradersattributedthe_______pricetoshortsupplyoffishesanddryingupofwaterbodiesinthearea.SteveandIwereatverydifferentstagesinour______careers.ChurchHill,althoughoffairly______sizecomparedwithsomeofitsneighbors,isadelightfultwo-storybuildingofstone.Ifyourweightremainsconstantyoumustbeusingupallyourcalories,butifyougainingweightthensomeofthecaloriesyou________arebeingstoredasfat.Idon’tthinkit________thatTimbeassignedthejobsincehehasnoexperience.Mealshavetobe________fromtheiroriginalstatesothattheywillhaveabeneficialeffectonthebody.Hisfacewasveryred,whichwasaclear_______ofhisfever.Familieswithchildrentendtobe________astowhentheycantaketheirvacations.They__________thattheagingpopulationisaddingonepercentInthecaseofapollutedriver,the________liesinthehandsofthenationalgovernment.Thechangeinleadershipwillhaveahuge_________ongovernmentpolicy.Given________time,withotherthingsremainingunchanged,pricesandwageswouldeventuallybeadjustedandfullemploymentmaybeachieved.得分PartIIParaphrase(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave20minutestoreplacetheunderlinedpartsinthefollowingsentenceswiththeexpressionsbelowthatbestkeeptheoriginalmeaning.注意：此部分題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。goupatrisksumupbouncebackoutofbreathderivefromgotozerouptotakeinthrowupingeneralinterferewithbenefitfromseparatefrominthesamewaythatapplytoengageinasuccessionofgothroughincontrast(to)stemfrominresponsetobeassociatedwithinadditiontoFocusonattributeto1.Hefeltdepressedwhenhissuggestionwasrefused,butitdidn’ttakelongforhimtofeelOKagain._____________________________________________________________________2.Attheendoftheclasstheteacherexpressedbrieflythemainpointsofthelessoninthreesentences._____________________________________________________________________3.Asmanyas1,000peopleattendedtheopeningceremony._____________________________________________________________________4.ThechildrentherearebeingputindangereverydaybecausemanycareworkersstilldonotknowhowtoprotectthemfromHIV._____________________________________________________________________5.Thespiritofthethefootballteamfelltoitslowestaftertheteam’sthirddefeat._____________________________________________________________________6.Thedemandforironincreasesaspeopledomorephysicalexercises._____________________________________________________________________7.Unfortunately,yourfeelingsaboutwritinghavesomenegativeeffectsonyourabilitytowrite._____________________________________________________________________8.Thesevitaminsandminerals,ultimatelycomingfromfood,arethenecessarysourcesofenergyforanimals._____________________________________________________________________9.Inmostcases,about70%ofgraduatesareofferedpositionsuponapplication._____________________________________________________________________10.It’sgoodtostandontopofthehillandhavedeepbreathsoffreshair._____________________________________________________________________11.Computerscanbeusedforafarwiderangeoftasks,includinglinguisticstudents._____________________________________________________________________12.Asananswertoyourinquiryaboutthepossibilityofcomingtoourschoolasavisitingscholar,Ihavethefollowingopinionsforyoutoconsider._____________________________________________________________________13.Peoplearenowawarethatirondeficiencyhassomethingtodowithone’sdailydiet._____________________________________________________________________14.Hispublicstatementhavealwaysbeendifferentfromhisprivateopinions._____________________________________________________________________15.Physicalactivityisbeneficialtothebrainjustasmentalactivityistoit._____________________________________________________________________16.Thefallinthenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasesisgenerallybelievedtobebroughtaboutbyimprovementsindiet._____________________________________________________________________17.Therearethreestagestocompletetoimprovehisironstatus._____________________________________________________________________18.Theycameclosetobeggingallscientiststorefusetocarryoutmilitaryresearchbutthenbackedoffatthelastmoment.___________________________________________________________________19.ButIhavegottenmuchhelpfromhavingastable,normalhomelifeinthecountry.____________________________________________________________________20.MostofthecriticismdirectedatmeistheresultofthestandthatIhavetakeninthepast._____________________________________________________________________得分PartIIIBankedCloseofReadinginDepth(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)

Directions：FillintheblanksinthefollowingpassagebyselectingsuitablewordsfromtheWordBank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。A)remedyB)healC)storeD)processE))confessF)acknowledgeG)moderateH)modestI)advisableJ)absorbedK)enduranceL)persistenceM)numberN)allowanceO)supplementsWomenwhoexercisesregularlyneedtobecarefulwithwhattheyeat.Researchershavefoundevidencethateven__1___exercisecanresultinlosingiron.Theysaidthatwomenexerciseregularly,especiallyin___2___activities,typicallyloseiron.Inordertopreventthisfrombecomingaproblem,itisimportantthatthosewomenconsumemoremeatortake___3___toreplacetheironlost.Thosewhodonotbothertogetplentifulamountsofironmaybegintofeelweakandtired.“Ifyoucangettherecommendeddaily____4___ofironinyourdiet,youwillprobablyperformbetter,”saidonedietspecialist.“Oneshortcomingoftakingironpillsisthatthepillformisnotwell___5____andcansometimesmakeyousick.Itispreferablethatyoutryto___6___thedeficiencybygettingmoreiron-richmeatsinyourdiet.Therearewaystohelpyourbody____7___awaytheironittakesin.BygettingplentBygettingplentyofVitaminC,yourbodyisableto____8___，orusetheironbetter.Researchers___9____thateveryone’sbodyisdifferentandtheproblemwilbelessseriousforsome.Becauseitisimpossibletodecidewhetherornotthiscouldbeaproblemforyou,healthspecialistssayitis___10___tocheckyourironlevels.Evenwhenyoucan’tfeelit,youmaystillhaveaproblem.得分PartIVCloze(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethewordorphrasetofillineachblank.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。JimFixxhadbeenaheavysmokerandweighed214poundswhenhe__1___runningin1960s.Hesoon____2___thebenefitsfromrunning.Hisweightdecreased____3____60poundsbythetimehisbook,TheCompleteBookofRunning,waspublished.Hisbook___4____millionsofpeople.Inhisbookandontelevisiontalkshows,heextolledthebenefitsofphysicalexercisesandhowit___5___increasedtheaveragepeople’slifeexpectancy.Hisreadersandaudiencebecamemorehealth-consciousHowever,___6___theirshock,Fixxdiedattheageof52afterhisdailyrun.Manywhoopposedhisbeliefssaidthiswas___7___thatrunningwasharmful.However,hissupporters____8_____thattherealcauseofFixx’sdeathwasaheartattack.Hecamefromafamilywheremenhadpoorhealthstories.Hisfather___9__aheartattackattheageof35anddiedofoneat42.____10____Fixx’sunhealthylifestyleuntilhetookuprunning,manyarguedthatrunningaddedmanyyearstohislife.“Runningdoeshaveitsshortcomings,”____11____heartspecialistsPaulThomas,inarecentmedicaljournal.“The___12___canbehardonyourknees.Runnersaremoraatriskduringtheirtraining,___13____iftheyrunmarathons.___14_____,thenewsforrunnersisn’tallbad.Evidencesuggestsinspiteofitsshortcomings,___15_____amountofrunningexercisecanactually____16____alonger,improvedlife.”Dr.DaleMacdonald,acertifiedStrengthandConditioningspecialistonce___17_____adiscussionbysaying,“___18___allathleticendeavors,runningcomeswithbothgreat__19____andinherentrisk.Morethan60%ofrunnerswillsufferaninjurythatcausesthemtotaketimeoffrunning—eachyear!”Healsosaidthatimprovingone’sbalancecanreducethe__20____ofinjury.1.A.tookdown B.tookin C.tookon D.tookup2.A.praised B.favored C.reaped D.applied3.A.at B.in C.by D.for4.A.inspired B.disappointed C.awarded D.rewarded5.A.compatibly B.advisably C.agreeably D.considerably6.A.to B.for C.by D.with7.A.endurance B.evidence C.supplement D.allowance8.A.rewrote B.revised C.reversed D.revealed9.A.obtained B.sustained C.suffered D.surpassed10.A.Despite B.Given C.For D.Becauseof11.A.acknowledges B.pledges C.communicates D.apologizes12.A.consequence B.impact C.weight D.press13.A.explicitly B.singularly C.commonly D.particularly14.A.However B.Furthermore C.Moreover D.Also15.A.extreme B.modest C.extensive D.moderate16.A.resultin B.keepto C.holdon D.comeabout17.A.tookup B.heldup C.putup D.summedup18.A.Asfor B.Asto C.Aswith D.As19.A.remedy B.outcome C.reward D.award20.A.likelihood B.chance C.opportunity D.probability得分PartVTranslation（本大題共30分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish..注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答，只需寫出譯文部分。起初，這對(duì)人們絕對(duì)是個(gè)震驚。有消息稱科學(xué)家已經(jīng)成功克隆了一只成年哺乳動(dòng)物，一項(xiàng)長期以來被認(rèn)為是不可能的成就。這一傳聞引發(fā)了每個(gè)人的想象。

克隆多莉（一只相貌無奇的綿羊）的實(shí)驗(yàn)過程，從理論上說也同樣適用于克隆人類。一個(gè)克隆人的世界突然間近在咫尺，科幻小說變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。此消息宣布之后，為了一個(gè)未知世界，一個(gè)充滿各種不可思議的可能性的未來，各國政府立即起草指導(dǎo)方針?？肆诸D總統(tǒng)命令一個(gè)全國委員會(huì)研究克隆在法律和道德上的含義。在歐洲，大多數(shù)國家都已禁止克隆人類，各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)此時(shí)也開始研究克隆其他物種的道德含義。就像相對(duì)論、原子裂變和第一次太空飛行一樣，多莉的出現(xiàn)給科學(xué)家、政治家和哲學(xué)家們提出了一長串難以解答的難題。關(guān)于克隆的奇怪問題不斷涌現(xiàn)。首先，為什么有人想克隆人類?專家們考慮得最多的關(guān)于克隆人類的情形可以分為兩大類：1)父母想要克隆孩子，要么是想為面臨死亡威脅的孩子提供移植器官，要么是想代替那個(gè)孩子；2)成年人出于各種各樣的原因想要克隆自己。是否可能克隆死去的人?有位專家說，如果是剛死去不久，也許就可能。所使用的克隆方法要求將一個(gè)卵細(xì)胞和一個(gè)含有被克隆人的DNA的細(xì)胞核相結(jié)合。(DNA是一種含有我們的基因信息的狹長帶狀分子。這就意味著細(xì)胞核必須保持完整。而人死之后，細(xì)胞死亡，細(xì)胞核就開始分裂。但是，的確，至少從理論上說克隆死去的人是可能的?？寺〉娜藭?huì)和母本一模一樣嗎?相同的基因不會(huì)復(fù)制出相同的人。任何認(rèn)識(shí)一些雙胞胎的人都知道這一點(diǎn)。事實(shí)上，雙胞胎相像的程度勝于克隆人，因?yàn)樗麄冎辽僭谀阁w內(nèi)分享過相同的環(huán)境，通常也在同一個(gè)家庭里被撫養(yǎng)長大，等等。父母可能克隆出一個(gè)面貌與第一個(gè)孩子相似的人，但是所有的證據(jù)都表明，這兩個(gè)人的個(gè)性會(huì)有很大差異。一出生就被分開的雙胞胎，有時(shí)可能有相同的個(gè)性特征，但是這樣的特征出現(xiàn)在克隆的兒子或女兒身上，卻只能令人想起失去的孩子。即使從生物學(xué)的角度看，克隆人也不會(huì)和“母本”一模一樣。比如，克隆人的細(xì)胞可能會(huì)有來自卵子而非被克隆人的能量加工機(jī)制。然而，在母體和克隆體之間存在的身體差異大部分都很小，需要在設(shè)備精良的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里才能測(cè)定。唯一可能的例外就是生育能力。成功地實(shí)施了克隆多莉的科學(xué)家們也不敢肯定多莉是否能生育。他們會(huì)等到多莉到了生育年齡時(shí)再確認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)。如果父母決定克隆一個(gè)孩子以獲得器官，那會(huì)怎樣?多數(shù)專家都認(rèn)為，如果一個(gè)孩子感到自己只是作為一個(gè)器官捐贈(zèng)者來到這個(gè)世界，那他的心理可能受到傷害。但也有為了進(jìn)行一些非致命器官的移植而生育第二個(gè)小孩的父母，對(duì)此許多專家也并不反對(duì)。克隆可以將組織適配率從25%提高到將近100%。如果把被克隆的動(dòng)物用作器官捐贈(zèng)體，那我們就不必?fù)?dān)心為器官移植而克隆雙胞胎了。例如，豬的器官就和人類的差不多大小。但是人體會(huì)排斥并破壞來自其他物種的組織。為了克服這一障礙，一家公司正在試圖改變豬的基因碼，以避免豬的器官受到排斥。如果該公司的技術(shù)人員成功的話，那么用克隆技術(shù)來繁殖這樣的豬比用現(xiàn)行的方法更為有效?？寺〉娜藢⑷绾畏Q呼其DNA捐贈(zèng)者?稱呼“媽媽”不正確，因?yàn)樘峁┞炎硬⑸聥牒⒌呐硬鸥匈Y格被稱為母親。

稱呼“爸爸”也不對(duì)。傳統(tǒng)意義上的父親只提供孩子身上一半的DNA。朱迪斯·馬丁在用筆名“禮儀小姐”撰寫的著作里建議這樣稱呼：“尊敬的先生/夫人”。為什么呢?“不論他們用什么方式將你帶到這個(gè)世界，”她說，“人總得尊敬自己的祖先。”這樣做還是留下了一些詞匯上的難題。一本詞典的主編說，名詞“被克隆者”聽起來不錯(cuò)，但卻不夠明晰。他更愿意用“母本”和“副本”?？寺?duì)社會(huì)還有什么其他含義?最讓人擔(dān)心的不是克隆本身，而是基因工程──即根據(jù)特定的要求故意改變基因來創(chuàng)造人類。具體地說，有些專家擔(dān)心會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)新的（和不被尊重的）社會(huì)階層，即“克隆階層”。有位專家相信，這一情形類似于16世紀(jì)時(shí)的一種情況，當(dāng)時(shí)的歐洲人對(duì)如何對(duì)美洲的陌生居民進(jìn)行歸類感到困惑，并無休止地爭論他們究竟是不是人類。問題不勝枚舉，而人們只是剛剛開始探詢克隆技術(shù)出現(xiàn)后的世界的未來。華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)期末考試試卷答題紙（選修課）2013-2014學(xué)年第一學(xué)期考試科目：大學(xué)英語四級(jí)詞匯精講考試類型：（閉卷）考試時(shí)間：90分鐘學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：年級(jí)專業(yè)：_題號(hào)PartI（15’PartII（10’Part=3\*ROMANIII（10’+25’）Part=4\*ROMANIV（20’）Part=5\*ROMANV（10’）Part=6\*ROMANVI（10’）總分得分評(píng)閱人得分PartICollocation（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1._________2._________3.__________4._________5.____________6._________7._________8.__________9._________10.___________11.________12.________13._________14.________15.___________16.________17.________18._________19.________20.___________得分PartIIParaphrase(本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1._________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.___________6._________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________11.________12._________13._________14.__________15._________16.________17._________18._________19.__________20._________得分PartIIIBankedClozeofReadinginDepth(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)

1.__________2.__________3.__________4._________5.___________.6.._________7.__________8.__________9._________10.___________得分PartIVCloze（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分)1._______2.________3.________4.________5.__________6._______7.________8.________9.________10._________11._______12.________13._________14._________15.__________16._______17.________18._________19._________20.__________得分PartVTranslation（本大題共30分)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________--_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________