2024屆四川省成都市高三下學(xué)期第三次診斷性檢測考試英語試卷（含答案解析）

成都市2021級高中畢業(yè)班第三次診斷性檢測英語本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。第I卷（選擇題）1至8頁，第II卷（非選擇題）9至10頁，共10頁，滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考籍號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。5.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。第I卷（100分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinner?A.Tasteless. B.Simple. C.Awesome.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Darling,howdoyoulikethefish?Itismyfirsttimecookingfish.M:It’smorethanasimplemeal.Itnotonlyfillsmystomachbutalsowarmsmysoul.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomancall?A.Tomakeanapology. B.Toadvertiseaproduct. C.Torearrangedelivery.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hellosir,thisisMary’sonlinestore.Isincerelyapologizeforthedelayinyourdelivery.Tomakeupforit,we’dliketoofferyoua5%discountonyournextpurchase.M:Oh,that’snoproblem.Thankyouforlettingmeknow.W:Wetrulyappreciateyourunderstanding.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodo?A.Gotohospital. B.Rolldownthewindow. C.Turnofftheair-conditioner.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Josh,doyoumindifIrolldownthewindow?M:It’sreallyhotoutsideandtheairconditionerison.W:Justforashortmoment,please.I’mfeelingabitdizzyandIreallyneedsomefreshair.WecanstillkeeptheairconditionerrunningM:Allright.Goaheadthen.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hisphonewasstolen. B.Helefthisphoneathome. C.Hisphonewasoutofpower.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,youfinallycalledback.Ikeptphoning,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Areyouokay?M:Sorryaboutthat,mom.MyphonediedandIcouldn’tfindachargeruntilIgotbacktoschoolW:Pew.Whatarelief.Iwasquiteworriedaboutyou.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport. B.Inahotel. C.Inashop.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,canIleavemyluggagehereforamoment?It'llbeeighthoursbeforemyflighttakesoff.Iwanttohangaroundinthecityforawhileandbuysomesouvenirs.W:Sure,followme.Thereisaluggageareafordepartingguests.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldfriend. B.Weekendplans. C.ATVshow.7.WhydothewomanandJeffreycontactless?A.Jeffreyhaschangedmuch.B.Jeffreyisbusywithhisdream.C.Jeffreyhasmovedtoanewplace.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Michelle,guesswho’sonTV?Jeffrey!Heishostingatalkshow.Comeandsee.W:Look,hehaschangedsomuch.M:Yes,helooksmoreenergeticandhaslostalotofweight.W:Andanewhairstyle.He’smorefashionable.M:I’msogladhe’smadehisdreamcometrue.Atalkshowstar.Heworkedsohard.W:WeweresocloseinBoston,butwehaven’thadmuchcontactsincehesettledinMiami.Whataboutinvitinghimoverfortheweekend?M:Sure,he’dprobablylikeaninvitation.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whowillthemanhelp?A.Theelderly. B.Littlekids. C.Thedisabled.9.Whatisthemostimportantwhenchoosingavoluntaryorganization?A.Location. B.Timetable. C.Interest.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister. B.Classmates. C.Husbandandwife.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Jenny,Ihaveavolunteeractivityafterclass.CouldyouletmomknowIwon’tbebackfordinner?W:Avolunteeractivity.Whatwillyoudo?M:I’llhelptheseniors.Someofthemhavenokidsandsomecan’tevenwalk.W:Amazing.I’vebeenthinkingaboutvolunteering,too.Anyadvice?M:Alocalorganizationthatsuitsyourtimetableisagoodchoice.Butwhatcountsmostisfindingoutwhatyou’repassionateaboutsothatyoucanmakearealimpact.W:I’vebeenwantingtohelpabandonedpets,andIknowourcommunityhasanorganizationforthat.Oh,Ican’twaittocheckitout,andI’llletmomknowwe’llbothbemissingdinner.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Aphotographer. B.Aproductdesigner. C.Asalesman.12.What’sthewoman’sadvice?A.Buyingsouvenirs. B.Avoidingtakingmuch. C.Preparingforhadweather.13.Whydoesthewomanthinkacameraisnecessary?A.Itsolvestheproblemsatwork.B.Ithelpsmaketheman’sstayenjoyable.C.Themancanearnmoneybytakingphotos.【答案】11.C12.B13.B【解析】【原文】W:Congratulationsonyournewjob.Areyoulookingforwardtoit?M:Yeah,butit’salwaysdifficultmovingtoanewcountryandpromotingnewlydevelopedproductstoforeigners.W:Oh,I’msureyou’llbefine.M:Didn’tyouliveinSriLankaforawhile?Canyouoffersometips?WhatdoIneedtotake?W:Well,justtravellight.It’ssohotyoudon’tevenneedajacket.Afewclothesareenough,butabigsuitcaseisnecessary,especiallyifyouwanttobuysomesouvenirs.M:AnythingelseIcantake?W:Acamera.Thescenerytherewillleaveyouwantingtokeep.EverymomentIcantellyou’reanoutstandingphotographer.Justtreatyourexperiencethereasajourney.You’llenjoyitandyoucanearnalot.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.WhydidthemangotoLondon?A.Forhisresearch. B.Fortravel. C.Onbusiness.15.Howdoesthemancollectthedataheneeds?A.Bysearchingonline. B.Bycarryingoutsurveys. C.Bymakinginterviews.16.Whatmakesmorepeoplebuygreenproducts?A.Price. B.Convenience. C.Environmentalconcerns.17.What’sthewoman’sattitudetogreenproducts?A.Supportive. B.Curious. C.Cautious.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,it’sbeensolongsincewelastmet.Whathaveyoubeenupto?IheardyoujustreturnedfromLondon,fortravel?M:IfonlyIhadtimetotravel.I’vebeenburiedinmygraduationpaperlately.Thetopicisthechangingtrendsinbuyinggreenproducts.IwenttoLondontocollectdata.W:Thatsoundsfascinating.Howdoyouconductyourresearch?Youasksupermarketsfordata.Idon’tthinktheywillgiveyoutheirbusinessrecords.M:You’reright.IhandoutquestionnairestocustomersandalsopostquestionnairesontheInternet.W:Haveyoufoundanyinterestingresultssofar?M:Yes,there’sanoticeableshifttowardsbuyinggreenproducts.Mostbuyersareawarethattheenvironmentalproblemsareurgent,andsomeofthembelievegreenproductsalsohavehealthbenefits.However,someconsumersstillputpricefirst,andtheyalsoconsiderconvenience.Bytheway,whatisyourattitudeaboutgreenproducts?W:Ofcourse,theyhavemanybenefits,butIjusthaveonequestion.Doesmakinggreenproductsconsumemoreenergy,whichinturnworsenstheenvironment?M:Hmm,that’sareallygoodquestion.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.What’sthespeaker’sadviceonnewclothes?A.Buyinguniforms. B.Choosingsuitableones. C.Wearingtheminadvance.19.Whathelpsleaveagreatfirstimpression?A.Usingrightbodylanguage.B.Answeringquestionssmartly.C.Showingyourreadinesstolearn.20.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Collegeapplicants. B.Newemployees. C.Jobseekers.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Soletgooverthekeypointsagain.Firstclothes.Youneedtomakesureyouweartherightkindofuniform.Perhapsyoursuitisperfectforagraduationceremony,butisittherightoneforwork?Selecttheclothesthatmatchthelookyouwant.Ifyouneedtobuysomenewclothesthengetusedtowearingthemforatleasttwodayssothatyoudon’tfeeltooawkwardorselfconscious.It’sokayiftheyarenotbrandnew,butit’snotiftheylimityourperformance.Nextremember,younevergetasecondchancetomakeagoodfirstimpression.Walkinconfidentlyandlookasifyoureallywantthejob.Whenyousitdown,situpstraight,keepyourhandsopenandrelaxedonyourlap,don’tcrossyourarmsorlegs.However,agoodfirstimpressionisnotenough.Youneedtobesmartwhenansweringquestions.Ifaskedaboutthereasonforquittingyourlastjob,nevercriticizeyourpastemployersorbosses.It’sthekissofdeath.Trytoanswerfromaperspectivelikeyourpersonaldevelopment.It’llshowthatyouhavematuredandarereadytolearn.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThenewscycleisdrivingustotheedgeofmadness,sowhynotswitchoff,unplugandpickupabook?Weknowyoucouldusealaughrightnow—andluckily,severalthousandsofyoutoldusallaboutthebooks,storiesandpoemsthatmakeyoulaugh.Wetookyourvotesandwiththehelpofourpanel(專家小組)ofexpertjudgeswecreatedthislistof100readsdesignedtomakeyoulaughoutloud.Wantslice-of-lifeessays?Loopypoetry?Textsfromfamousliteraryfigures?Scrolldown—we’vegotitall.Aswithallourreaderpolls,thisisacurated(精心籌劃的)listandnotastraight-uppopularitycontest;unlikelastyear,you’llseethebooksaregroupedintocategoriesratherthanrankedfromoneto100.And,asalways,thereareafewthingsthatdidn’tmakethelist—surprisingly,Shakespearedidn’tgetenoughvotestomakeittothesemifinals.Thentherewerebooksthatdidn’tquitestandthetestoftime,orweresonewwecouldn’ttellwhetherthey’dstandup.Someoftheauthorsonthislistareincrediblypopular,andyouvotedtheminoverandoveragain.Becausespaceislimited,wetrytoholdeachauthortoonespotonthelist,buttherearesomeexceptionssuchasNoraEphron,whoourjudgesthoughtwasperfect.Andspeakingofourjudges,youwillfindacoupleoftheirworksonthelistthisyear—wedon’tletjudgesvotefortheirownworks,butreaderslovedworkssuchasSamanthaIrby’sWeAreNeverMeetingInRealLife,sothepanelagreedtheyshouldstay.Laughteristhebestmedicine.Justclickhereandstartreading!21.Howisthelistofthisyeardifferentfromthatoflastyear?A.Morebooksareincluded. B.Itismadeallbyreaders.C.Itmainlyfocusesonpoetry. D.Thelistedbooksareclassified.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutNoraEphron?A.Shefailstostandthetestoftime.B.Sheisnotsopopularasotherauthors.C.Shegetsmorethanonespotonthelist.DShebelongstothepanelofexpertjudges.23.WhyisWeAreNeverMeetingInRealLifekeptonthelist?A.Itiswrittenbyajudge. B.Itreflectsreallife.C.Itgetsenoughreaders’votes. D.Itattractstheexperts.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章向讀者推薦了旨在引發(fā)開懷大笑的100本文學(xué)作品。21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aswithallourreaderpolls,thisisacurated(精心籌劃的)listandnotastraight-uppopularitycontest;unlikelastyear,you’llseethebooksaregroupedintocategoriesratherthanrankedfromoneto100.(與我們所有的讀者投票一樣，這是一個(gè)精心策劃的榜單，而不是直接的人氣競賽；與去年不同的是，你會(huì)看到這些書被分成不同的類別，而不是從1到100的排名。)”可知，今年的榜單和去年不同的是所列出的書是分類的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Becausespaceislimited,wetrytoholdeachauthortoonespotonthelist,buttherearesomeexceptionssuchasNoraEphron,whoourjudgesthoughtwasperfect.(由于篇幅有限，我們盡量讓每位作者都在名單上占據(jù)一個(gè)位置，但也有一些例外，比如NoraEphron，我們的評委認(rèn)為她是完美的。)”可知，NoraEphron在名單上得到了不止一個(gè)位置。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Andspeakingofourjudges,youwillfindacoupleoftheirworksonthelistthisyear—wedon’tletjudgesvotefortheirownworks,butreaderslovedworkssuchasSamanthaIrby’sWeAreNeverMeetingInRealLife,sothepanelagreedtheyshouldstay.(說到我們的評委，你會(huì)在今年的名單上發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的一些作品——我們不讓評委為他們自己的作品投票，但是讀者喜歡SamanthaIrby的《我們在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中從未見面》這樣的作品，所以評審團(tuán)同意他們留下來。)”可知，因?yàn)椤段覀冊诂F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中從未見面》得到了足夠多的讀者投票所以一直在榜單上。故選C項(xiàng)。BAlmost40%ofallglobalemploymentmaybeaffectedbyAI,accordingtoanalysisbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.Butdon’tbealarmed.Thatdoesn’tmean40%jobswilldisappearaltogether.Instead,we’retalkingabouthumansworkingalongsideAItools,notbeingreplacedbythem.Speakingatthe2023WorldEconomicForum’sGrowthSummit,economistRichardBaldwinsaid,“AIwon’ttakeyourjob.It’ssomebodyusingAIthatwilltakeyourjob.”Thismeansthatifyoudon’tknowhowtoworkwithAI,you’reinamuchriskierposition—certainlycomparedtosomeonewhoknowshowtouseittoimprovetheirjobefficiency.So,considerhowyoucouldstartintegratingAIintoyoureverydaywork.Canyouuseittopolishanemail,forexample?Canyouuseitasaproductivitytool…Ifnot,tryyourbesttogettogripswithit.Therearetonsoffree（andpaid）coursesouttherethatcanhelpyou.However,justknowinghowtoworkeffectivelywithAIisfarfromenough.It’salsoimportanttopositionyourselfintheorganizationinlinewiththethingsthatAIscan’tdo.Basically,thinkabouthowyoucantakeonmoreresponsibilitiesintheareaswherehumanskillsarestillneededandwillalwaysbeneeded—areaslikecreativity,complexdecisionmaking,interpersonalrelationshipsandsoon.Thesearetheareaswherehumanswillcontinuetohavetheedgeovermachines.Anyonewhowantstogainfutureworkplacesuccessshoulddeveloptherelevantskills.It’snotsurprisingthatchangeisuncomfortable.Buttoday’sworkplacesarefullofrapidandnear-constantchange.So,ifchangeissomethingyoustrugglewith,nowisagoodtimetoembraceandaddressthat.24.HowmayAIinfluenceglobalemploymentinthefuture?A.Itmaycauseseverejobloss. B.Itmaythreatenpeople’ssafety.C.Itmaychangethewaywework. D.Itmaylessenpeercompetition.25.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.AIhelpsusbecomemorecreative.B.AIcanhardlyreplaceusinsomeareas.C.AIismuchlesseffectivethanwethink.D.AIisabletomakecomplicateddecisions.26.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthechallengescausedbyAI?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Disappointed. D.Unconcerned.27.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToshareexperienceofusingAIinwork.B.ToadviseustostayrelevantintheageofAI.C.TointroducedifferentfunctionsofgenerativeALD.Toexplainwhyweshouldimproveourproductivity.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了AI對全球就業(yè)的影響，并指出雖然AI可能會(huì)影響到許多工作，但并不意味著這些工作會(huì)完全消失，而是人們將和AI工具一起工作。文章建議人們要學(xué)習(xí)如何與AI有效合作，并思考如何在需要人類技能的領(lǐng)域承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任，以保持在職場中的競爭力?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Almost40%ofallglobalemploymentmaybeaffectedbyAI,accordingtoanalysisbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.Butdon’tbealarmed.Thatdoesn’tmean40%jobswilldisappearaltogether.Instead,we’retalkingabouthumansworkingalongsideAItools,notbeingreplacedbythem.(根據(jù)國際貨幣基金組織的分析，全球近40%的就業(yè)可能會(huì)受到人工智能的影響。但不要驚慌。這并不意味著40%的工作崗位將完全消失。相反，我們談?wù)摰氖侨祟惻c人工智能工具一起工作，而不是被它們?nèi)〈?”可推知，人工智能可能會(huì)改變我們的工作方式。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Basically,thinkabouthowyoucantakeonmoreresponsibilitiesintheareaswherehumanskillsarestillneededandwillalwaysbeneeded—areaslikecreativity,complexdecisionmaking,interpersonalrelationshipsandsoon.Thesearetheareaswherehumanswillcontinuetohavetheedgeovermachines.Anyonewhowantstogainfutureworkplacesuccessshoulddeveloptherelevantskills.(基本上，你要考慮如何在那些仍然需要并且永遠(yuǎn)需要人類技能的領(lǐng)域承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任——比如創(chuàng)造力、復(fù)雜決策、人際關(guān)系等等。在這些領(lǐng)域，人類將繼續(xù)比機(jī)器有優(yōu)勢。任何想要獲得未來職場成功的人都應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)相關(guān)技能。)”可知，從第四段我們可以推斷出人工智能在某些領(lǐng)域很難取代我們。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“It’snotsurprisingthatchangeisuncomfortable.Buttoday’sworkplacesarefullofrapidandnear-constantchange.So,ifchangeissomethingyoustrugglewith,nowisagoodtimetoembraceandaddressthat.(改變讓人不舒服并不奇怪。但如今的工作場所充滿了快速且?guī)缀醪婚g斷的變化。所以，如果改變是你掙扎的事情，現(xiàn)在是接受和解決它的好時(shí)機(jī)。)”可推知，作者對人工智能帶來的挑戰(zhàn)持積極態(tài)度。故選A。27題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要討論了AI對全球就業(yè)的影響，并指出雖然AI可能會(huì)影響到許多工作，但并不意味著這些工作會(huì)完全消失，而是人們將和AI工具一起工作。文章建議人們要學(xué)習(xí)如何與AI有效合作，并思考如何在需要人類技能的領(lǐng)域承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任，以保持在職場中的競爭力。因此，文章的主要目的是建議我們在AI時(shí)代保持相關(guān)性。故選B。CSocialwelfareprograms,includingqualityearlyeducation,earned-incometaxcreditandhealthcare,canchangechildren’slives.Moreimportantly,recentstudiesshowthebenefitsfromtheseprogramsstronglyinfluencethenextgeneration,liftingthemoutofpoverty.Thelong-termimpactofprekindergarteniswellestablishedandwidelyknown.50yearsago,123three-andfour-year-oldAfricanAmericansfromlow-incomefamiliesinYpsilanti,Michigantookpartinanexperiment.AbouthalfattendedapioneeringearlyeducationprogramcalledPerryPreschool,whilethecontrolgroupdidnot.Researchershavebeenabletotrackthelivesofmostofthesechildreneversince.ThekidswhowenttoPerryPreschooldidbetterinschool,mademoremoney,andwerehealthierthanthecontrolgroup.ThebenefitsofPerryPreschooldidn’tjuststopwiththosechildren.AstudypublishedlastsummerbyNobelPrize-winningeconomistJamesHeckmanandhiscolleaguestakestheimplicationsofPerryagiantstepfurther.ThisresearchshowsthatthechildrenofthePerrypreschoolersarealsobetteroffbecauseoftheirparents’experience.AsthePerrypreschoolersgrewup,theybecamebettereducatedanddevelopedgreatersocio-emotionalskillsthanthecontrolgroup.Theybecamebetterparents.Theirchildrengrewupinharmonioustwo-parentfamiliesthatmade,onaverage,about$10,000moreayear.Itwasenoughtoliftmanyofthemoutofpoverty.Thishealthyupbringinghashadalong-lastingeffectonthechildrenofthePerrypreschoolers.Comparedtothechildrenofthecontrolgroup,theyweremuchlesslikelytohavedroppedout,andmorelikelytohavegraduatedfromhighschool.Here’sanotherexample.ANorwegianstudydemonstratedthedecades-longimpactonbabieswho,duringtheirfirstyear,benefitedfromtheirmothers’havinghadtheopportunitytosignupforfreemotherandchildhealthcarecenters.Inthefollowingyears,theseyoungstersgrewtallerandstayedinschoollongerthanthosewhosemothersdidnotreceivethesamesupport.At40,theyareinbetterhealth.28.WhatdoweknowaboutPerryPreschool?A.Itprovidedearlyqualityeducation. B.Itdividedthekidsintotwogroups.C.Itreceivedkidsfromallbackgrounds. D.Itcontinuedtotrackhalfofthekids’lives.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“implications”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Truths. B.Assumptions.C.Effects. D.Suggestions.30.WhatdidthePerryPreschoolexperimentfind?A.Perrypreschoolersreceivedlesseducation.B.Ithadnoimpactontheparticipants’children.C.Earlyeducationcouldbringeconomicbenefits.D.Thechildrenofthecontrolgroupbecamehealthier.31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthetext?A.Earlyqualityeducationmattersmost.B.Socialwelfarecanbreakthecycleofpoverty.C.Wealthcanbepasseddownthroughgenerations.D.Parentsareimportantinshapingfuturegeneration.【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了健全完善的社會(huì)保障制度，不僅可以改變一代人的人生軌跡，還會(huì)對下一代人產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響，打破貧困的代際循環(huán)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“AbouthalfattendedapioneeringearlyeducationprogramcalledPerryPreschool,whilethecontrolgroupdidnot.Researchershavebeenabletotrackthelivesofmostofthesechildreneversince.ThekidswhowenttoPerryPreschooldidbetterinschool,mademoremoney,andwerehealthierthanthecontrolgroup.(大約一半的人參加了一個(gè)名為佩里幼兒園的開創(chuàng)性早期教育項(xiàng)目，而對照組沒有參加。從那時(shí)起，研究人員已經(jīng)能夠跟蹤這些孩子的生活。與對照組相比，上佩里幼兒園的孩子在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好，賺更多的錢，也更健康。)”可知，佩里幼兒園提供早期優(yōu)質(zhì)教育。故選A?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。文章劃線單詞下文講到“ThisresearchshowsthatthechildrenofthePerrypreschoolersarealsobetteroffbecauseoftheirparents’experience.(新的研究表明，因?yàn)樾r(shí)候接受過佩里學(xué)前教育，所以他們的孩子比起對照組的后代往往生活得更好)”可知，詹姆斯·赫克曼和他的同事對佩里項(xiàng)目的……有了更深層次的發(fā)現(xiàn)。結(jié)合第二段“AbouthalfattendedapioneeringearlyeducationprogramcalledPerryPreschool,whilethecontrolgroupdidnot.Researchershavebeenabletotrackthelivesofmostofthesechildreneversince.ThekidswhowenttoPerryPreschooldidbetterinschool,mademoremoney,andwerehealthierthanthecontrolgroup.(大約一半的人參加了一個(gè)名為佩里幼兒園的開創(chuàng)性早期教育項(xiàng)目，而對照組沒有參加。從那時(shí)起，研究人員已經(jīng)能夠跟蹤這些孩子的生活。與對照組相比，上佩里幼兒園的孩子在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好，賺更多的錢，也更健康。)”可推知，詹姆斯·赫克曼和他的同事對佩里項(xiàng)目的教育效果進(jìn)行了更深層次的發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，第三段中下劃線單詞的意思是“效果”。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第四段講到“Theybecamebetterparents.Theirchildrengrewupinharmonioustwo-parentfamiliesthatmade,onaverage,about$10,000moreayear.(他們成為了更好的父母。他們的孩子在和諧的雙親家庭中長大，平均每年多掙一萬美元)”可知，佩里早期教育可以帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。故選C。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段“Moreimportantly,recentstudiesshowthebenefitsfromtheseprogramsstronglyinfluencethenextgeneration,liftingthemoutofpoverty.(更重要的是，最近的研究表明，這些項(xiàng)目的好處會(huì)對下一代產(chǎn)生巨大影響，幫助他們擺脫貧困。)”以及第四段講到“Itwasenoughtoliftmanyofthemoutofpoverty.Thishealthyupbringinghashadalong-lastingeffectonthechildrenofthePerrypreschoolers.(這足以讓他們中的許多人擺脫貧困。這種健康的教養(yǎng)方式對佩里家學(xué)齡前兒童產(chǎn)生了持久的影響。)”可知，作者想通過本文傳達(dá)的是社會(huì)福利可以打破貧困的循環(huán)。故選B。DProfitsfromcuttingdownrainforestsaresurprisinglysmall.AfreshlyclearedsquarekilometeroftheAmazonrainforestfetchesanaveragepriceofonlyaround$12.Bycontrast,thesocialcostsofclearingitarehuge.Some500tonsofcarbondioxidearepumpedintotheatmosphere.Byanestimate,thatdoes$25,000ofharmbyacceleratingclimatechange.Yetstilltheworld’streesaredisappearing.Thesenselessmencuttingdowntreesreceivetheprofits,butall8billionpeopleontheplanetpayforthecosts.Clearly,iftheownersoftherainforestwerepaidnottodestroyit,everyonewouldbebetteroff.Ifrainforestswereinplaceswithclearlandownershipandafirmruleoflaw,theworldwouldnodoubtalreadyhavefundedsuchadeal.Sadly,theyarenot.Localofficialsareofteninleaguewiththeloggers,andmaybeloggersthemselves.ConsiderBrazil.Ithadaleader,whosidedwithillegalloggersandranchers(大農(nóng)場主).Hestoppedfiningforestcriminalsandtoldillegalminersonlocalreserveshewouldlegalisethemining.Onhiswatchthepaceofdeforestationroseby60%.Localcommunitiesoftenrefusetofollowthelawandordersincetheyseemorebenefitfromdeforestationthanprotectingit.Andthelandownershipisamess.Whenit’sunclearwhoownsapieceofland,it’sunclearwhomtopaytoprotectit,orwhomtofinefordestroyingit.Leadershipmatters.Butevenunderbetterleaders,peoplelivingthereshouldseebenefitsinprotectingthem.Thatwillrequireabig,reliableflowofcashwhichshouldcomefromrich-countrygovernmentsandfromprivatefirmsbuyingcarboncreditstomakeupfortheiremissions(排放).Suchcarboncreditscouldbeusedtopromoteagreenerlocaleconomy,andcleanuplocallandregistration.Ifthere’senoughcash,conditionallypaid,localswillbeencouragedtoprotecttreesandlesslikelytoelectirresponsibleleaders.Topreservesuchahugecarbonsink—nevermindthebiodiversityitcontains—thiswouldbeabargain.32.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellinParagraph1?A.Climatechangeisaccelerating. B.Rainforestclearingisratherprofitable.C.Carbondioxideisharmfultotheatmosphere. D.Thecostsofdeforestationoutweightheprofits.33.Whatmakestheworld’streesdisappearconstantly?A.Clearlandownership. B.Theabsenceofrelatedlaw.C.Profit-drivinglogging. D.People’swillingnesstobuytrees.34.Whatisneededtoprotecttherainforestaccordingtotheauthor?A.Morelandownershipfunds. B.Bringinginmoreprivatefirms.C.Awarenessofsavingbiodiversity. D.Payingthelocalsforthepreservationefforts.35.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.CashforSavingRainforests B.FightIllegalLogginginBrazilC.DilemmasofRainforestProtection D.RainforestDeforestationandClimateChange【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了砍伐森林的成本大于收益，然而利潤驅(qū)動(dòng)的伐木讓世界上的樹木不斷消失。作者認(rèn)為可以付錢給當(dāng)?shù)厝吮Ｗo(hù)雨林?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Profitsfromcuttingdownrainforestsaresurprisinglysmall.AfreshlyclearedsquarekilometeroftheAmazonrainforestfetchesanaveragepriceofonlyaround$12.Bycontrast,thesocialcostsofclearingitarehuge.Some500tonsofcarbondioxidearepumpedintotheatmosphere.Byanestimate,thatdoes$25,000ofharmbyacceleratingclimatechange.(砍伐雨林的利潤少得驚人。一平方公里新砍伐的亞馬遜雨林的平均價(jià)格僅為12美元左右。相比之下，清理森林的社會(huì)成本是巨大的。大約500噸二氧化碳被排放到大氣中。據(jù)估計(jì)，這將加速氣候變化，造成2.5萬美元的損失)”可知，作者想在第一段中表達(dá)的是砍伐森林的成本大于收益。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yetstilltheworld’streesaredisappearing.Thesenselessmencuttingdowntreesreceivetheprofits,butall8billionpeopleontheplanetpayforthecosts.(然而，世界上的樹木仍然在消失。愚蠢的人砍伐樹木獲得利潤，但所有80億人在這個(gè)星球上支付成本)”可知，利潤驅(qū)動(dòng)的伐木讓世界上的樹木不斷消失。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifthere’senoughcash,conditionallypaid,localswillbeencouragedtoprotecttreesandlesslikelytoelectirresponsibleleaders.(如果有足夠的現(xiàn)金，有條件地支付，當(dāng)?shù)厝藢⒈还膭?lì)保護(hù)樹木，而不太可能選出不負(fù)責(zé)任的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)”可知，保護(hù)雨林需要為保護(hù)工作付錢給當(dāng)?shù)厝恕９蔬xD?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Suchcarboncreditscouldbeusedtopromoteagreenerlocaleconomy,andcleanuplocallandregistration.Ifthere’senoughcash,conditionallypaid,localswillbeencouragedtoprotecttreesandlesslikelytoelectirresponsibleleaders.Topreservesuchahugecarbonsink—nevermindthebiodiversityitcontains—thiswouldbeabargain.(這樣的碳信用額度可以用來促進(jìn)更環(huán)保的地方經(jīng)濟(jì)，并清理地方土地登記。如果有足夠的現(xiàn)金，有條件地支付，當(dāng)?shù)厝藢⒈还膭?lì)保護(hù)樹木，而不太可能選出不負(fù)責(zé)任的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。為了保護(hù)如此巨大的碳匯——更不用說它所包含的生物多樣性了——這將是一筆很劃算的交易)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了砍伐森林的成本大于收益，然而利潤驅(qū)動(dòng)的伐木讓世界上的樹木不斷消失。作者認(rèn)為可以付錢給當(dāng)?shù)厝吮Ｗo(hù)雨林?？芍?，A選項(xiàng)“拯救熱帶雨林的現(xiàn)金”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。There’snodoubtthatlonelinesshurts.FunctionalMRIsshowthattheareaofthebraintriggeredbysocialrejectionisthesameareathat’striggeredbyphysicalpain.Tounderstandwhylonelinesshurts,let’stakeacloserlookatfriendshipthroughtheeyesoftwoheavyweightphilosophers.InonecornerwehaveAristotle,whowrotethatwithoutfriends,there’snoreasontolive.TheGreekgreatbelievedthatfriendshipsarebasedonthevirtuesofthefriend.____36____ButtheproblemwithAristotle’stheoryisthatifyoulosesomevirtues,youshouldalsoexpecttolosesomefriends.Andthat’snothowfriendshipswork—atleastnotthegoodones.____37____SoasasharpcounterpunchtoAristotle,let’sturntotherenownedEnlightenmentphilosopherImmanuelKant,whosaidthatallpeoplehavevalueregardlessoftheirvirtues.Sinceweviewourtruefriendswiththiskindofunconditionalloveandrespect,wecanassumetheyviewusthesameway.____38____Beingawayfromourfriendstakesawaytheselife-affirminginteractions.Worse,havingnofriendsmeansourvalue,ordignity,isn’tbeingappreciated.____39____Thismayseemobvious,butthere’sacatch.Yourconnectionhastobeoriented(以……為方向)towardtheotherperson—notinwhattheycandoforyouandyourloneliness.Sosayhitoaneighbor,holdthedoorforsomeone,orvolunteeratthesoupkitchen.____40____However,they’llhelpyoufeelmoreconnectedtotheworld.Andthemoreofthesesmallstepsyoutaketowardconnection,thefartherawayfromlonelinessyou’llget.A.Thismaysoundfineatfirst.B.Theylastthroughthickan